RBSE Solutions Class 6 Science Chapter 2 Diversity in the Living World

Diversity In The Living World Class 6 Questions And Answers

Diversity In The Living World Class 6 Question Answer - Exercise

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Question 1. Here are two types of seeds. What differences do you find among the roots and leaf venation of their plants?
Answer: Wheat is a monocot plant. It has parallel venation in its leaves and a fibrous root system. Kidney beans are a dicot plant. They have taproots and reticulate venation in their leaves. The type of seed affects how the plant grows.
In simple words: Wheat has veins that run straight and roots like a bunch of threads. Kidney beans have veins that look like a net and one main big root with smaller ones coming off it.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember to clearly link the type of plant (monocot/dicot) to its specific root and leaf venation characteristics for a complete answer.

 

Question 2. Names of some animals are given below. Group them based on their habitats. Write the names of aquatic animals in the area marked 'A' and terrestrial animals in the area marked 'B'. Enter the names of animals living in both habitats in part 'C'.
Horse, Dolphin, Frog, Sheep, Crocodile, Squirrel, Whale, Earthworm, Pigeon, Tortoise
Answer:
Aquatic animals (Group A): 1. Dolphin, 2. Whale.
Terrestrial animals (Group B): 1. Horse, 2. Sheep, 3. Squirrel, 4. Earthworm, 5. Pigeon.
Animals living in both habitats (Group C): 1. Frog, 2. Crocodile, 3. Tortoise.
In simple words: We sort animals based on where they live. 'A' is for water animals like dolphins. 'B' is for land animals like horses. 'C' is for animals like frogs that can live in both water and on land.

🎯 Exam Tip: When grouping animals by habitat, ensure you categorize each animal correctly, distinguishing between purely aquatic, purely terrestrial, and amphibian types.

 

Question 3. Manu's mother maintains a kitchen garden. One day, she was digging out radish from the soil. She told Manu that radish is a kind of root. Examine a radish and write what type of root it is. What type of venation would you observe in the leaves of radish plant?
Answer: Radish is a taproot because it has one main, thick root that grows straight down, and smaller side roots come off it. The leaves of a radish plant would show reticulate venation, which means the veins form a net-like pattern. This type of root and venation is common in dicot plants.
In simple words: Radish has a single, main root called a taproot. Its leaves have veins that look like a net.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that taproots are generally associated with reticulate venation in leaves, a key characteristic of dicot plants.

 

Question 4. What are the differences between them. What are the reasons for these differences?
Answer:
Similarities between mountain goats and goats found in the plains:
1. Both have hair on their body.
2. Both have hoofed feet for walking.

Differences:

These differences exist because the animals have adapted to their distinct habitats. Mountain goats need thick hair for warmth in cold, rocky mountains and strong hooves for climbing. Plain goats have shorter hair and less strong hooves as they live in milder, flatter environments. These physical traits help them survive in their specific surroundings.
In simple words: Mountain goats have thick hair, small ears, and strong hooves for cold, rocky places. Plain goats have short hair, long ears, and weaker hooves for flat areas. These differences help them live in their own environments.

🎯 Exam Tip: When comparing animals from different habitats, always link their physical features directly to how those features help them survive in their environment (adaptation).

 

Question 5. Group the following animals into two groups based on any feature other than those discussed in the chapter-cow, cockroach, pigeon, bat, tortoise, whale, fish, grasshopper, lizard.
Answer: We can group these animals based on whether they are mammals or non-mammals.

Group 1 (Mammals): Cow, Bat, Whale.
Group 2 (Non-mammals): Cockroach, Pigeon, Tortoise, Fish, Grasshopper, Lizard.
Mammals are warm-blooded animals that have hair or fur and feed milk to their young, while non-mammals lack these characteristics.
In simple words: Animals can be sorted by if they are mammals or not. Cows, bats, and whales are mammals. The rest, like cockroaches and fish, are not mammals.

🎯 Exam Tip: When grouping, always state the specific feature you are using for classification. Choose a clear and distinct feature not previously covered to show understanding of biological diversity.

 

Question 6. As the population grows and people want more comfortable lives, forests are being cut down to meet various needs. How can this affect our surroundings? How do you think we can address this challenge?
Answer: Cutting down forests due to growing population and desire for comfortable lives increases pollution and reduces habitats, food, and other resources for wild animals. This leads to a decrease in biodiversity. It also impacts local climate patterns and soil health.

We can solve this challenge with simple efforts:
1. We should control population growth using effective methods.
2. We must use forest resources wisely and carefully.
3. We should work with communities to protect sacred groves (forests that are considered holy).
4. We should plant new trees (reforestation) in areas where forests once existed.
In simple words: When forests are cut, pollution increases, and animals lose their homes, causing fewer types of plants and animals to exist. To fix this, we need to control population, use forests carefully, protect special forest areas, and plant more trees.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing environmental issues, always explain both the negative impacts (consequences) and clear, actionable solutions to address the challenge.

 

Question 7. Analyse the flowchart. What can be examples of 'A' and 'B'?
Answer: The flowchart shows a classification of plants.
'Plant' \( \rightarrow \) 'Does it have leaves?' \( \rightarrow \) Yes \( \rightarrow \) 'Does it have reticulate venation?' \( \rightarrow \) Yes \( \rightarrow \) A
'Plant' \( \rightarrow \) 'Does it have leaves?' \( \rightarrow \) Yes \( \rightarrow \) 'Does it have reticulate venation?' \( \rightarrow \) No \( \rightarrow \) B

Based on the flowchart logic:
'A' represents plants that have leaves and reticulate venation. These are typically dicot plants. Examples include: Mango, Radish.
'B' represents plants that have leaves but *do not* have reticulate venation (meaning they likely have parallel venation). These are typically monocot plants. Examples include: Wheat, Grass.
In simple words: 'A' stands for plants with net-like veins in their leaves, like mango. 'B' stands for plants with straight veins in their leaves, like wheat.

🎯 Exam Tip: When interpreting flowcharts for plant classification, remember that reticulate venation (net-like veins) is characteristic of dicots, while parallel venation (straight veins) is typical of monocots.

 

Question 8. Raj argues with his friend Sanjay that "Gudhal (hibiscus) plant is a shrub". What questions can Sanjay ask for clarification?
Answer: To clarify if a hibiscus plant is a shrub, Sanjay can ask these questions:
1. Is the hibiscus plant shorter than me, the same height as me, or taller than me?
2. Is the color of the hibiscus stem brown or green?
3. Can the stem of the hibiscus be bent easily, or is it stiff?
4. Do the branches of the hibiscus plant grow near the ground or from the upper part of the stem?
These questions help to understand the plant's height, stem characteristics (woody or tender), and branching pattern, which are key features of shrubs. Shrubs are typically medium-sized, woody plants with branches starting near the ground.
In simple words: Sanjay can ask about its height compared to him, the stem's color and flexibility, and where its branches start. This helps tell if it's a shrub.

🎯 Exam Tip: To identify plant types (herb, shrub, tree), focus on three key features: stem type (soft/green vs. hard/woody), height, and branching pattern.

 

Question 9. Based on the information in the table, find out examples of these plants for each group.

(a) What other similarity do plants of group A have?
(b) What other similarity do plants of group B have?
Answer:
Examples of group A (Dicot plants with taproots): Mango, Gram, Kidney Beans, Radish.
Examples of group B (Monocot plants with fibrous roots): Wheat, Rice, Maize, Millet, Grass.

(a) Plants in group A (dicots) also have reticulate venation in their leaves.
(b) Plants in group B (monocots) also have parallel venation in their leaves.
This shows a clear correlation between seed type, root type, and leaf venation, making plant identification easier.
In simple words: Group A plants, like mango, are dicots with taproots and net-like veins. Group B plants, like wheat, are monocots with fibrous roots and straight veins.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the strong correlation: Dicots have two cotyledons, taproots, and reticulate venation. Monocots have one cotyledon, fibrous roots, and parallel venation.

 

Question 10. Observe the labelled part of a duck in the picture given below. What differences do you observe in the feet of the duck compared to the other birds? Which activity would the duck be able to perform using this part?
Answer: Ducks have webbed feet, which means skin connects their toes like a paddle. Other birds, like pigeons, have separate toes without this connecting skin. These webbed feet act like rudders and help the duck to swim efficiently in water. The design of their feet is a perfect adaptation for an aquatic lifestyle.
In simple words: Ducks have feet with skin between their toes, called webbed feet, unlike other birds. These webbed feet help them swim well in water.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing adaptations, always mention both the specific physical feature and the benefit it provides to the animal in its environment.

 

Question 1. Biodiversity includes-
(a) Plants
(b) Animals
(c) Plants and animals
(d) None of the options
Answer: (c) Plants and animals
In simple words: Biodiversity means all the different kinds of plants and animals living in a certain area.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand that biodiversity is a broad term encompassing all living organisms, not just one category. Think of "bio" as life and "diversity" as variety.

 

Question 2. An example of shrub is-
(a) Mango
(b) Rose
(c) Tomato
(d) Gram (chickpea)
Answer: (b) Rose
In simple words: A rose plant is an example of a shrub because it is a medium-sized woody plant with many branches from near the ground.

🎯 Exam Tip: To identify a shrub, look for a plant that is neither a small herb nor a large tree, and has multiple woody stems branching from the ground level.

 

Question 3. Parallel venation is absent in-
(a) Hibiscus leaf
(b) Banana leaf
(c) Grass leaf
(d) Wheat leaf
Answer: (a) Hibiscus leaf
In simple words: Hibiscus leaves have veins that look like a net, not straight parallel lines.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that monocots (like banana, grass, wheat) have parallel venation, while dicots (like hibiscus) have reticulate venation.

 

Question 4. Taproot is found in-
(a) Chickpea
(b) Wheat
(c) Maize
(d) Rice
Answer: (a) Chickpea
In simple words: Chickpea plants have a taproot, which is one main root that grows deep into the soil.

🎯 Exam Tip: Link taproots with dicot plants (like chickpea) and fibrous roots with monocot plants (like wheat, maize, rice).

 

Question 5. The characteristic of monocot plant is-
(a) Two cotyledons
(b) Reticulate venation
(c) Tap root
(d) Fibrous root
Answer: (d) Fibrous root
In simple words: Monocot plants have a root system that looks like a bunch of thin threads, called fibrous roots.

🎯 Exam Tip: Monocots have one cotyledon, parallel venation, and fibrous roots. Dicots have two cotyledons, reticulate venation, and a taproot.

 

Question 6. Frog is a-
(a) aquatic animal
(b) terrestrial animal
(c) amphibian animal
(d) None of the options
Answer: (c) amphibian animal
In simple words: A frog is an amphibian because it can live both in water and on land.

🎯 Exam Tip: An amphibian is an animal that can live in two environments: water and land, like frogs and salamanders.

 

Question 7. The plants that creep along the ground while growing are called-
(a) Herbs
(b) creepers
(c) climbers
(d) shrubs
Answer: (b) creepers
In simple words: Plants that spread out and grow flat on the ground are called creepers.

🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish creepers (grow horizontally along the ground) from climbers (need support to grow vertically).

 

Question 8. The mustard plant is characterised by-
(a) Reticulate venation and fibrous root
Answer: Mustard is a dicot plant, meaning it has reticulate venation and a taproot system. It does not have fibrous roots.
In simple words: Mustard plants have veins in their leaves that look like a net, and they have one main root called a taproot.

🎯 Exam Tip: For plants like mustard, remember the combination of reticulate venation and a taproot system, which are typical dicot characteristics.

 

Question 9. An example of dicot plant is-
(a) Jovvar
(b) Banana
(c) Kidney beans
(d) Maize
Answer: (c) Kidney beans
In simple words: Kidney beans are a dicot plant because their seeds have two parts.

🎯 Exam Tip: Dicot plants generally have seeds that can be split into two halves, unlike monocots which have one cotyledon.

 

Question 10. The characteristic of animals that move on water is-
(a) Streamlined body
(b) Fins
(c) Membraned pairs
(d) All of the options
Answer: (d) All of the options
In simple words: Animals that move in water have smooth, streamlined bodies, fins, and often webbed (membraned) feet to help them swim well.

🎯 Exam Tip: All these features are adaptations that reduce drag and provide propulsion, making aquatic movement efficient.

 

Question 1. The damage to habitat leads to the loss of ........................
Answer: biodiversity
In simple words: When animals and plants lose their homes, we also lose the variety of life on Earth.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding the link between habitat destruction and loss of biodiversity is crucial for ecological awareness.

 

Question 2. The place where plants and animals live is their ........................
Answer: habitat
In simple words: The home for plants and animals is called a habitat.

🎯 Exam Tip: A habitat is more than just a place; it provides all the necessary resources for survival, such as food, water, and shelter.

 

Question 3. The pattern of veins on the leaf is called ........................
Answer: venation
In simple words: The way veins are arranged on a leaf is called venation.

🎯 Exam Tip: Venation patterns (reticulate or parallel) are important features for classifying plants.

 

Question 4. The leaves of banana and grasses exhibit ........................ venation.
Answer: parallel
In simple words: Banana and grass leaves have veins that run side-by-side, like train tracks.

🎯 Exam Tip: Parallel venation is a key characteristic of monocot plants, helping you identify them.

 

Question 1. Habitat plays an important role in shaping the biodiversity of a region. (True/False)
Answer: True
In simple words: The type of environment a place has really decides what kinds of plants and animals live there.

🎯 Exam Tip: The physical conditions and resources of a habitat directly influence which species can adapt and thrive, thus shaping its biodiversity.

 

Question 2. Plants that have green and tender stem are called shrubs. (True/False)
Answer: False
In simple words: Plants with soft, green stems are called herbs, not shrubs. Shrubs have woody stems.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember: Herbs have soft, green stems; Shrubs have woody stems that branch near the ground; Trees have thick, woody trunks and branches higher up.

 

Question 3. The height and legs of camels in a cold desert are comparatively shorter than those found in a hot desert. (True/False)
Answer: True
In simple words: Camels living in cold deserts have shorter legs and bodies than those in hot deserts.

🎯 Exam Tip: Animals in colder climates often have shorter limbs and more compact bodies to minimize heat loss, an example of adaptation.

 

Question 4. Rhododendrons are of shorter height and have longer leaves to survive through the heavy winds on mountain tops. (True/False)
Answer: False
In simple words: Rhododendrons are short but have smaller leaves, not longer ones, to help them cope with strong mountain winds.

🎯 Exam Tip: Smaller leaves reduce water loss and provide less surface area for wind to act upon, making them an adaptation for windy, exposed environments.

 

Question 1. Match the words given in Column-I with Column-II
Answer:

In simple words: This table matches plant types like creepers, herbs, shrubs, and trees with their correct examples. For instance, a grape plant is a creeper, and a mango is a tree.

🎯 Exam Tip: Learn common examples for each plant category to quickly identify and match them correctly. Pay attention to their stem structure and size.

 

Question 2. Match the words given in Column-I with Column-II
Answer:

In simple words: This table links animal features to the animals that have them. Camels have humps, fish have fins, ducks have webbed feet, and goats have hoofed legs.

🎯 Exam Tip: Associate specific animal body parts with the animal and understand how these parts help them live in their environment.

 

Question 1. What is biodiversity?
Answer: Biodiversity refers to the variety of plants and animals found in a particular region. This includes all the different kinds of living things, from tiny insects to large trees. It measures the health and richness of an ecosystem.
In simple words: Biodiversity is simply the many different types of plants and animals that live in an area.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always remember that biodiversity includes *both* plants and animals, representing the total variety of life.

 

Question 2. What is the importance of grouping plants and animals?
Answer: Grouping plants and animals makes it easier to understand and study them. By organizing them based on their similarities and differences, scientists can identify patterns, discover new species, and better manage conservation efforts. It helps us see the bigger picture of life.
In simple words: Grouping helps us easily learn about plants and animals by seeing what they have in common and how they are different.

🎯 Exam Tip: The primary benefits of classification are ease of study, organization, and understanding relationships among living organisms.

 

Question 3. What is a climber?
Answer: Climbers are plants with weak stems that need support to grow upwards. They use structures like tendrils or hooks to attach themselves to other plants, walls, or stakes, allowing them to reach sunlight. This adaptation helps them survive in dense vegetation.
In simple words: Climbers are plants with soft stems that need something to hold onto so they can grow tall.

🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish climbers from creepers by their need for vertical support to grow.

 

Question 4. What are 'veins'?
Answer: Veins are the thin lines found on the leaves of plants. These veins carry water and nutrients throughout the leaf and also provide support, similar to how blood vessels work in animals. They form distinct patterns called venation.
In simple words: Veins are the small lines you see on leaves that carry water and food.

🎯 Exam Tip: Besides transport, emphasize that veins also provide structural support to the leaf blade, helping it stay flat and capture sunlight.

 

Question 5. What do you understand by 'taproot'?
Answer: A taproot is a type of root system where there is one main, thick root that grows straight down deep into the soil. Smaller side roots, called lateral roots, branch out from this main root. This helps the plant get water from deeper soil layers and provides strong anchoring. Carrots and radishes are good examples.
In simple words: A taproot is a single, big main root with smaller roots growing from its sides, like a carrot.

🎯 Exam Tip: Taproots are characteristic of most dicot plants and are important for anchoring and reaching deep water sources.

 

Question 7. What is 'adaptation'?
Answer: Adaptation refers to the special features or characteristics that enable plants and animals to survive and thrive in a particular environment or region. These features can be physical, behavioral, or physiological, and they develop over time to help an organism cope with its surroundings. For example, a camel's hump is an adaptation.
In simple words: Adaptation means the special ways a plant or animal changes to live well in its home, like a polar bear having thick fur for the cold.

🎯 Exam Tip: When defining adaptation, always include the idea that these features enhance an organism's survival and reproduction in its specific habitat.

 

Question 8. What are amphibian animals?
Answer: Amphibian animals are creatures like frogs that can live in both water and on land during different stages of their lives. They usually lay their eggs in water, and their young (tadpoles) live in water, breathing through gills. As they grow, they develop lungs and legs to live on land. This dual habitat capability makes them unique.
In simple words: Amphibian animals are those that can live on land and in water, such as frogs.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight that amphibians typically undergo metamorphosis, starting life in water and transitioning to land as adults.

 

Question 9. What can we do to keep our planet full of life?
Answer: To keep our planet full of life, we must protect biodiversity. This means preserving habitats, reducing pollution, using resources responsibly, and stopping practices that harm plants and animals. We also need to educate people about the importance of all living things. These actions help ensure that all species can survive and thrive.
In simple words: We must protect all the different kinds of plants and animals and their homes to keep our Earth full of life.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on actions like habitat preservation, pollution control, sustainable resource use, and education as key strategies for protecting biodiversity.

 

Question 10. What is called 'grouping'?
Answer: Grouping is the method of organizing plants and animals into categories based on their common features or characteristics. This helps us to study them more easily and understand their relationships. For example, we can group animals by what they eat (herbivores, carnivores) or where they live (aquatic, terrestrial).
In simple words: Grouping is putting plants and animals together in categories because they share similar features.

🎯 Exam Tip: Grouping (or classification) simplifies the study of vast numbers of organisms by highlighting shared traits and differences.

 

Question 11. What is the objective of 'nature walk'?
Answer: The objective of a nature walk is to experience and observe the beauty and variety of plants and animals in their natural environment. It helps people appreciate nature, learn about different species, and understand ecosystems firsthand. It also promotes physical activity and mental well-being.
In simple words: A nature walk helps us see and enjoy all the different plants and animals living in nature.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize both the educational (learning about species and ecosystems) and appreciation (beauty of nature) aspects of a nature walk.

 

Question 12. What are creepers?
Answer: Creepers are plants that have weak stems and grow horizontally along the ground. Unlike climbers, they do not climb up supports but instead spread out over the surface. Examples include pumpkin and watermelon plants. They produce fruits or flowers close to the ground.
In simple words: Creepers are plants with weak stems that spread and grow along the ground instead of climbing up.

🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish creepers (horizontal growth) from climbers (vertical growth with support) and note they often bear fruit on the ground.

 

Question 13. Who was Janaki Ammal?
Answer: Janaki Ammal was a famous Indian botanist. She was known for her important work in plant genetics, particularly with sugarcane and eggplants. She was also a strong advocate for biodiversity conservation and played a vital role in India's scientific community. Her research contributed greatly to agricultural science.
In simple words: Janaki Ammal was a well-known Indian plant scientist who studied how plants grow and worked to protect different types of plants.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked about historical figures in science, mention their nationality, primary field of study, and their most significant contributions.

 

Question 14. Who was known as the 'Birdman of India'?
Answer: Salim Ali was known as the 'Birdman of India'. He was a renowned ornithologist and naturalist who conducted extensive bird surveys across India. His efforts were crucial in bird conservation and popularizing ornithology in the country. He wrote several books that helped identify many bird species.
In simple words: Salim Ali was called the 'Birdman of India' because he was a famous expert on birds.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect well-known nicknames with the person's field of expertise to show understanding of their contribution.

 

Question 15. What features do fish have to move in water?
Answer: Fish have a streamlined body, which means it is smooth and narrow at both ends, helping them move easily through water. They also have fins, which they use to steer, balance, and propel themselves forward. Their powerful tail fin pushes them through the water. These adaptations reduce resistance and allow for efficient swimming.
In simple words: Fish have a smooth body shape and fins, which help them glide and swim in water.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize that a streamlined body reduces drag, and fins provide propulsion and control, both essential for aquatic movement.

 

Question 16. What is the speciality of the stem of cactus plant found in the desert of Rajasthan?
Answer: The cactus plants found in the desert of Rajasthan have thick and fleshy stems. This is a special adaptation that allows them to store a large amount of water. Their stems are also green, which means they can perform photosynthesis, unlike other plants that primarily use leaves for this purpose. This helps them survive in very dry conditions.
In simple words: Cactus plants in Rajasthan's desert have thick, juicy stems that store water, helping them live in dry places.

🎯 Exam Tip: For desert plants, always connect physical features like fleshy stems to their function of water storage and survival in arid environments.

 

Question 17. What do you understand by 'Project Tiger'?
Answer: 'Project Tiger' was a conservation program launched in 1973 by the Indian government. Its main goal was to protect the Bengal Tiger population, which was rapidly decreasing at the time. The project established tiger reserves and aimed to ensure a viable population of tigers in their natural habitats. It highlights global efforts to save endangered species.
In simple words: Project Tiger started in 1973 to save the decreasing number of Bengal Tigers in India.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing conservation projects, remember to include the year of launch, the target species, and the main objective (protection/restoration).

 

Question 18. When was 'Cheetah Reintroduction Project' initiated?
Answer: The 'Cheetah Reintroduction Project' was initiated in 2022. Its aim is to bring cheetahs back to India, where they had become extinct, and restore their population in suitable habitats. This project is a significant effort in wildlife conservation. This marks a major milestone in India's conservation history.
In simple words: The project to bring cheetahs back to India started in 2022.

🎯 Exam Tip: For recent conservation initiatives, know the launch year and the species involved, as these are frequently asked details.

 

Question 19. Which areas have been declared as Protected area for the Great Indian Bustards?
Answer: Habitats of the Great Indian Bustard have been declared as Protected areas in the states of Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Maharashtra. These protected zones are crucial for the survival of this critically endangered bird species, which lives in grasslands and arid regions. These dedicated areas help safeguard their breeding grounds and food sources.
In simple words: Special protected areas for the Great Indian Bustards are in Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Maharashtra.

🎯 Exam Tip: When identifying protected areas for endangered species, list the specific regions or states involved, as geographical knowledge is important.

Short Answer Type Questions

 

Question 2. Which plants are called 'trees'? Give an example.
Answer: Trees are plants that grow very tall and have a single, hard, thick, brown, and woody main stem or trunk. Their branches typically start higher up on the stem, away from the ground. They are long-lived plants that provide oxygen and shelter. An example of a tree is a mango tree.
In simple words: Trees are tall plants with a thick, woody stem and branches that grow high up. A mango tree is an example.

🎯 Exam Tip: The key features of a tree are its significant height, a single woody trunk, and branches that typically begin some distance from the ground.

 

Question 3. Differentiate between climbers and creepers.
Answer:
Some plants with weak stems need support to climb up and grow; these are called climbers. They grow vertically by coiling around or clinging to structures. For example, a money plant.
In contrast, other plants with weak stems spread along the ground without climbing; these are called creepers. They spread horizontally over the soil. For example, a pumpkin plant.
The main difference lies in their growth direction and need for support.
In simple words: Climbers grow up with support, like a beanstalk. Creepers spread along the ground, like a watermelon plant.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly state the stem characteristic (weak) and the primary difference in growth habit (climbing vs. creeping along the ground) for each category.

 

Question 4. What do you understand by 'reticulate venation'? Give an example.
Answer: Reticulate venation is a pattern of veins on a plant leaf where the veins form a net-like structure. These veins branch out from a central vein (midrib) and crisscross each other, creating a complex network across the leaf blade. This pattern is characteristic of dicot plants. For example, the leaves of a hibiscus plant show clear reticulate venation.
In simple words: Reticulate venation is when the veins on a leaf look like a net, with many small lines crossing each other. A hibiscus leaf is an example.

🎯 Exam Tip: When defining venation, always describe the pattern clearly (net-like or parallel) and provide a relevant plant example.

 

Question 5. Is there any relation between the type of seed, the type of leaf venation and the type of root of the same plant? Explain.
Answer: Yes, there is a strong relation between the type of seed, the type of leaf venation, and the type of root in the same plant.

Dicot plants have seeds with two cotyledons, always exhibit reticulate venation in their leaves, and possess a taproot system. For example, mango and gram.

Monocot plants, on the other hand, have seeds with one cotyledon, display parallel venation in their leaves, and have a fibrous root system. For example, wheat and rice.

This consistent pattern allows for easy classification of plants.
In simple words: Yes, these plant parts are connected. Plants with two-part seeds usually have net-like leaf veins and one main root. Plants with one-part seeds have straight leaf veins and many thin roots.

🎯 Exam Tip: Mastering the correlation between cotyledons, venation, and root type is fundamental for plant classification (monocot vs. dicot).

 

Question 6. What types of movements are shown by different animals? How are animals able to perform these
Answer: Animals show various types of movements like walking, running, flying, swimming, crawling, and slithering. Each movement type is an adaptation to their environment and lifestyle. For example, birds fly, fish swim, and snakes slither.
Animals are able to perform these movements due to specialized body parts and structures. For example:
1. **Legs:** Animals like humans, horses, and dogs use legs for walking and running. Legs provide support and propulsion.
2. **Wings:** Birds, bats, and insects use wings for flying. Wings generate lift and thrust.
3. **Fins:** Fish use fins to swim and steer in water. Fins help with stability and movement through liquid.
4. **Muscles and Scales/Skin:** Snakes use their strong muscles and scales to slither on the ground. Their body undulations create forward motion.
5. **Webbed Feet:** Ducks use webbed feet to paddle and swim in water. These act like oars.
These specialized parts allow animals to find food, escape predators, and reproduce effectively.
In simple words: Animals move in many ways like walking, flying, or swimming. They do this using special body parts such as legs for walking, wings for flying, and fins for swimming.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining animal movements, always connect the type of movement to the specific body part or structure responsible and briefly explain how it works.

 

Question 7. Does the movement of animals depend upon their surroundings? Explain by giving an example.
Answer: Yes, the movement of animals depends a lot on where they live. For example, fish live in water and have sleek bodies and fins to help them move easily through water. On the other hand, goats live in grassy areas and use their legs to move around. Both fish and goats have different body shapes and sizes, which are suited for their specific surroundings. The environment strongly influences how animals move.
In simple words: Animals move differently based on where they live. Fish swim with fins, and goats walk with legs, because water and land are different places.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining concepts, use clear examples like fish and goats to illustrate how adaptations relate to environment and movement.

 

Question 8. Which characteristics helps camel to survive in deserts?
Answer: Camels have several features that help them live in deserts:
1. Their long legs and wide hooves allow them to walk on sandy deserts without sinking.
2. Camels can store food in their humps, which helps them when food is scarce. These humps are a fat reservoir, providing energy and water when broken down.
3. They excrete very small amounts of urine, their dung is dry, and they do not sweat much. This helps them save water.
In simple words: Camels have long legs and wide feet for walking on sand, humps to store food, and they save water by not sweating much and producing dry waste.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember these three key adaptations: long legs/hooves for sand, humps for energy storage, and efficient water conservation.

 

Question 9. What are the adaptations found in rhododendrons and deodar trees that make them capable to survive in mountain regions?
Answer: Deodar trees have a conical shape with flexible, sloping branches. This design allows snow to easily slide off, preventing damage from heavy snow accumulation. Rhododendrons are shorter and have smaller leaves, which helps them withstand strong winds on mountain tops without losing too much moisture.
In simple words: Deodar trees are shaped like cones with sloped branches so snow slides off. Rhododendrons are short with small leaves to handle strong mountain winds.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on how the physical structure of the plant (conical shape, small leaves) directly helps it cope with specific mountain conditions like snow and wind.

 

Question 10. What are 'habitats'? How habitats are important for plants and animals?
Answer: A habitat is the natural place where a plant or animal lives. It is very important for them because it provides everything they need to survive, such as food, water, air, shelter, and a place to grow. Without their specific habitats, plants and animals would not be able to find their essential needs.
In simple words: A habitat is where plants and animals live. It gives them food, water, air, and shelter, which they need to stay alive.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define 'habitat' clearly and list its four main provisions: food, water, air, and shelter, to explain its importance.

RBSE Class 6 Science Chapter 2 Notes

Class 6 Science Chapter 2 Notes RBSE – Diversity in the Living World Class 6 Notes

1. We are surrounded by a large variety of plants and animals. The variety of plants and animals found in a particular region contributes to the biodiversity of that region.

2. Plants and animals can be grouped on the basis of similarities and differences among them.

3. Plants have similarities and differences based on features associated with roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and so on.

 

Question 12. What will happen if the habitat of a plant or animal gets damaged?
Answer: If the habitat of a plant or animal gets damaged, they will lose their homes, food sources, and other necessary resources. This damage ultimately leads to a reduction in the variety of life, which is known as a loss of biodiversity. Preserving natural habitats is crucial for the survival of all species.
In simple words: When a plant or animal's home is damaged, they lose their food and shelter. This causes a decrease in the different kinds of life in that area.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize the direct consequences of habitat damage: loss of essential resources and the broader impact of reduced biodiversity.

Long Answer Type Questions

 

Question 1. What do you understand by 'Sacred Groves'?
Answer: Sacred groves are special forest patches that have been left untouched and are protected by local communities. They can be very small or quite large and are found throughout India. These groves act as homes for many different kinds of plants and animals, including various medicinal plants. Local people consider them sacred and do not allow anyone to harm the animals or cut trees, thus preserving the natural environment. Sacred groves are a valuable community-protected treasure of biodiversity, showcasing traditional conservation practices.
In simple words: Sacred groves are forest areas protected by local people who consider them holy. They are home to many plants and animals and help keep nature safe.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight that sacred groves are protected by local communities due to cultural or religious beliefs, leading to rich biodiversity preservation.

 

Question 2. What is meant by biodiversity? What is the role of its members in the biodiversity of an area?
Answer: Biodiversity refers to the wide variety of plants and animals that live in a specific region. Each type of plant and animal, or "member," in this diverse group plays a unique and important role. For example, trees offer food and shelter for birds and other creatures, while animals help spread seeds after eating fruits. This shows that all living things in an ecosystem rely on each other, maintaining a balanced and healthy environment.
In simple words: Biodiversity means having many different kinds of plants and animals in one place. Each kind helps the others, like trees giving food and animals spreading seeds.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define biodiversity simply, then provide clear examples of how different members (plants, animals) interact and contribute to the overall health of the ecosystem.

 

Question 3. How can we make groups of plants as herbs, shrubs and trees? Explain with examples.
Answer: We can group plants into herbs, shrubs, and trees based on their size, stem type, and branching pattern:
(i) Trees: These are tall plants with hard, thick, brown, and woody stems. Their branches usually start higher up on the main stem, away from the ground. For example, a mango tree.
(ii) Shrubs: These plants are smaller than trees and have hard, but not very thick, woody stems. Their branches often start close to the ground, giving them a bushy appearance. For example, a rose plant.
(iii) Herbs: These are small plants that have soft, green, and tender stems. They usually do not have woody parts and are typically shorter than shrubs. For example, a tomato plant.
In simple words: Plants are grouped by size and stem type. Trees are tall with hard, woody stems. Shrubs are medium-sized with hard stems that branch from the base. Herbs are small with soft, green stems.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the key features for each group: Trees are tall and woody; shrubs are bushy with woody stems from the base; herbs are small with soft, green stems. Give a clear example for each category.

 

Question 4. Is there any relation between the type of venation in the leaf of a plant and the type of its root? Explain by giving an example.
Answer: Yes, there is a clear connection between the type of venation in a plant's leaves and the type of its root system. For instance, plants like the sadabahar plant have reticulate venation (a net-like pattern of veins) in their leaves and a taproot system (a main root with smaller side roots). On the other hand, plants like lemongrass have parallel venation (veins running parallel to each other) in their leaves and a fibrous root system (a cluster of similar-sized roots). In general, plants with reticulate venation tend to have taproots, while those with parallel venation usually have fibrous roots. This connection helps scientists classify plants.
In simple words: Yes, leaves with a net-like vein pattern (reticulate venation) usually have a main taproot. Leaves with parallel veins usually have many small fibrous roots.

🎯 Exam Tip: The key is to remember the pairing: reticulate venation with taproot, and parallel venation with fibrous roots. Provide a specific example for each pair.

 

Question 5. Write a brief note on the following-
(i) terrestrial habitats (ii) aquatic habitats (iii) amphibians
Answer:
(i) Terrestrial habitats- These are places where plants and animals live on land. Common examples include forests, deserts, grasslands, and mountains. Life on land offers different challenges and opportunities for adaptation.
(ii) Aquatic habitats- These are places where plants and animals live in water. Examples include ponds, lakes, rivers, and oceans. Organisms living here have special adaptations for a watery environment.
(iii) Amphibians- These are animals, like frogs, that can live in both water and on land. They have unique adaptations that allow them to survive in both environments during different stages of their lives or for different activities.
In simple words: Terrestrial habitats are land homes, like forests. Aquatic habitats are water homes, like ponds. Amphibians are animals that can live in both water and on land, like frogs.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly define each term and provide common examples to illustrate the concept of different habitats and animal groups.

Essay Type Questions

 

Question 1. What is venation? Explain its types with the help of diagrams.
Answer: Venation refers to the pattern of thin lines, called veins, found on the leaves of plants. These veins help transport water and nutrients throughout the leaf and provide structural support. There are mainly two types of venation:
(i) Reticulate Venation- In this type, the veins form a net-like pattern, spreading out from a central main vein to create a complex network. This pattern is often seen in dicotyledonous plants. For example, a hibiscus leaf exhibits reticulate venation.
(ii) Parallel Venation- In this type, the veins run parallel to each other, either from the base to the tip of the leaf or along its entire length, without forming a net. This pattern is common in monocotyledonous plants. For example, the leaves of banana plants and grasses show parallel venation.

Fig: Leaves showing different types of venation
In simple words: Venation is the pattern of veins on a leaf. In reticulate venation, veins form a net. In parallel venation, veins run side-by-side without crossing much.

🎯 Exam Tip: When drawing venation, clearly distinguish between the net-like pattern (reticulate) and the straight, parallel lines (parallel). Labels are crucial for full marks.

 

Question 2. Explain the different types of roots in plants with the help of labelled diagram.
Answer: Plants generally have two main types of root systems:
(i) Taproot System- In this system, there is one main, thick root that grows straight down, and many smaller, thinner side roots branch off from it. The main root is called the taproot. This type of root system helps anchor the plant firmly and reach deep into the soil for water. Examples include the roots of mustard and hibiscus plants.
(ii) Fibrous Root System- This system consists of a cluster of many thin roots that are all similar in size and arise from the base of the stem. These roots spread out widely in the upper layers of the soil, helping to prevent soil erosion. Examples include the roots of grasses.

Fig: Types of roots
In simple words: There are two main root types. Taproots have one big main root going down, like a carrot. Fibrous roots have many small roots all growing together from the same spot, like grass.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly draw the central taproot with smaller lateral roots, and a bunch of equally thick roots for fibrous. Remember to label both the stem and the root system type.

 

Question 3. On the basis of cotyledons, how many groups are plants divided into? Explain each group and draw a labelled diagram of monocotyledonous seeds and dicotyledonous seeds.
Answer: Based on the number of cotyledons (seed leaves) present in their seeds, plants are divided into two main groups:
(i) Dicotyledonous Plants (Dicots)- These plants have seeds that contain two cotyledons. The cotyledons store food for the developing embryo and often split into two halves when the seed germinates. Examples include chickpea seeds.
(ii) Monocotyledonous Plants (Monocots)- These plants have seeds with only one cotyledon. The single cotyledon also helps provide nourishment to the growing seedling. Examples include maize seeds.

Fig: Dicot and monocot seeds
In simple words: Plants are grouped by how many 'seed leaves' (cotyledons) they have. Dicots have two seed leaves, like chickpeas. Monocots have only one seed leaf, like maize.

🎯 Exam Tip: Draw the dicot seed clearly split into two halves and the monocot seed as a single, undivided shape with a visible embryo. Label the cotyledons in both diagrams.

 

Question 4. Why is the biodiversity of one region different from the biodiversity of other regions? Explain with an example.
Answer: The biodiversity of one region is different from others mainly because of unique local conditions, especially climate, soil type, and geographical features. For instance, desert regions like Rajasthan have camels that are adapted to hot, dry conditions with long legs and humps to store water, helping them survive the heat. In contrast, mountains in cold regions, like some parts of Ladakh, have deodar trees that are conical in shape, allowing snow to slide off easily. Rhododendrons there are shorter with smaller leaves, adapted to strong winds. These distinct environmental factors lead to different plants and animals evolving specific adaptations, making each region's biodiversity unique.
In simple words: Each place has different plants and animals because of its unique weather and land. For example, camels live in hot deserts, and special trees grow in cold mountains, as they are adapted to those specific conditions.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on linking environmental factors (climate, geography) to specific adaptations in plants and animals, and use contrasting examples (desert vs. mountain) to illustrate the diversity.

 

Question 5. What differences are seen between the camels of the hot desert of Rajasthan and the camels of the cold desert of Ladakh? What advantages do camels get due to these differences?
Answer: Camels living in the hot desert of Rajasthan have long legs and wide hooves, which help them walk on hot sand without sinking. They typically have one hump to store food. In contrast, camels in the cold desert of Ladakh have comparatively shorter legs and two humps. Their shorter legs help them move easily in rocky terrain, and they grow long hair from head to neck to survive the cold winters. The two humps also store food, which shrinks in late winters when food is scarce, providing energy. These differences allow each type of camel to thrive in its specific extreme environment.
In simple words: Hot desert camels have long legs for sand and one hump. Cold desert camels have shorter legs for rocky ground, two humps, and thick fur for warmth. These differences help them live in their specific harsh environments.

🎯 Exam Tip: When comparing, make sure to list specific anatomical differences (leg length, number of humps, fur) and clearly explain how each difference provides a survival advantage in its respective environment.

7. Plants can also be grouped as dicotyledons (dicots) and monocotyledons (monocots) based on the number of cotyledons in their seeds.

8. Monocots generally exhibit parallel venation in their leaves and possess fibrous roots while dicots typically exhibit reticulate venation in their leaves and possess taproots.

9. Biodiversity of different regions varies because of distinct environmental conditions.

10. The special features that enable plants and animals to survive in a particular region are called adaptations.

11. The place where plants and animals live is called their habitat.

12. Based on their habitats, animals and plants can be grouped into terrestrial and aquatic.

13. Due to damage of their habitats, plants and animals lose their homes, food and other resources resulting in the loss of biodiversity.

14. We must protect biodiversity to ensure our planet is full of life, helping plants and animals to survive and thrive.