RBSE Solutions Class 5 English Grammar Article

Article

Definite: the

Indefinite: a, an

A तथा An का प्रयोग (Usage of 'A' and 'An')

Rules

• 1. Singular Noun (एकवचन संज्ञा) से पहले होता है। (Used before a Singular Noun.)
• 2. Countable Noun (गिनी जाने योग्य संज्ञा) के पहले होता है। (Used before a Countable Noun.)

दूसरे शब्दों में - (In other words -)

• 1. Plural Noun के पहले तथा (Before Plural Nouns and)
• 2. Uncountables के पहले a अथवा an का प्रयोग कभी नहीं होगा। (before Uncountables, 'a' or 'an' will never be used.)

उदाहरण (Examples)

निम्नलिखित सही है क्योंकि countable हैं तथा singular हैं - (The following are correct because they are countable and singular -)

a pen, a woman, an orange, ....

निम्नलिखित गलत हैं क्योंकि 'uncountables' हैं। अथवा plural हैं - (The following are incorrect because they are 'uncountables' or plural -)

a girls, a milk, a water, an apples, ....

An Article का प्रयोग (Usage of 'An' Article)

An' के प्रयोग की दशाएँ (Conditions for using 'An')

• (i) Noun-Singular हो। (The Noun must be Singular.)
• (ii) Noun-Countable हो। (The Noun must be Countable.)
• (iii) Vowels (a, e, i, o, u) से शुरू होने वाले शब्दों के पहले an का प्रयोग किया जाता है। इन शब्दों की ध्वनि प्रायः हिन्दी के स्वर से निकलती है। अतः दूसरे शब्दों में, अंग्रेजी के शब्द की ध्वनि, यदि हिन्दी के स्वर (अ, आ, इ, ई, उ, ऊ, ए, ऐ, ओ, औ...) से निकले तो 'an' article आयेगा। (The article 'an' is used before words starting with Vowels (a, e, i, o, u). The sound of these words usually comes from Hindi vowels. So, in other words, if the sound of an English word starts with a Hindi vowel sound (अ, आ, इ, ई, उ, ऊ, ए, ऐ, ओ, औ...), then 'an' article will be used.

'A' Article का प्रयोग (Usage of 'A' Article)

'A' के प्रयोग की दशाएँ (Conditions for using 'A')

• 1. Noun-singular हो। (The Noun must be singular.)
• 2. Noun-countable हो। (The Noun must be countable.)
• 3. उस जाति के समस्त प्राणियों अथवा वस्तुओं का बोध कराये। (It should refer to all beings or things of a certain kind.)
• 4. व्यंजन की ध्वनि हो। (It should have a consonant sound.)

नोट: Phrase: a lot of (Note: The phrase 'a lot of' is an example of 'a' usage.)

'The' Article का प्रयोग (Usage of 'The' Article)

Rule : 2. ऐसी चीजें जो अपने ढंग की एक ही हैं। किन्तु Proper noun नहीं हैं – (Things that are unique in their kind, but are not Proper Nouns -)

the sky, the earth, the moon
the sun, the world

Rule : 3. दिशाओं के नाम के पहले (Before the names of directions)

the east
the north
the west
the south

Rule: 4. Superlative degree के पहले 'the का प्रयोग होता है। (पहचान-शब्द के पहले most होता है या शब्द के अन्त में -est होता है) (The article 'the' is used before Superlative degrees. (Identification-the word 'most' is before the word or '-est' is at the end of the word))

the most handsome
the darkest room
the greatest man
the smallest city

Rule : 5. ऐतिहासिक भवनों के नाम के पहले – (Before the names of historical buildings -)

the Red Fort
the Taj Mahal

Rule : 6. पर्वत-श्रेणियों के नाम से पहले 'the लगता है, लेकिन एकल पर्वत या पर्वत की चोटी के नाम के पहले कोई Article नहीं लगेगा। (Before the names of mountain ranges, 'the' is used, but no article is used before the name of a single mountain or a mountain peak.)

the Everest, the Himalayas, the Vindhyachal

Rule : 7. नहरों, नदियों, सागरों, महासागरों तथा खाड़ी के नाम से पहले। (Before the names of canals, rivers, seas, oceans, and gulfs.)

the Indira Gandhi Canal, the Ganga, the Red sea, the Indian ocean, the Bay of Bengal, the Gulf of Cambay

Rule : 8. समाचार पत्र, राजनीतिक दल, मरुस्थल, वाद्ययंत्रों के नाम से पहले – (Before the names of newspapers, political parties, deserts, and musical instruments -)

the Rajasthan Patrika, the BJP, the Congress Party, the Sahara desert, the flute

Rule : 11. किसी शब्द समूह (Phrase) या उपवाक्य (clause) द्वारा सुनिश्चित होने वाले Noun के पहले भी the का प्रयोग होगा – (The article 'the' will also be used before a Noun that is specified by a phrase or clause -)

1. The book of Naveen was lost.
2. The school of boys is good.
3. The house where Teekam lives in, is very big.

Article का निषेध (अर्थात् कोई Article नहीं लगेगा). (Prohibition of Article (i.e., no Article will be used)).

Rule : 1 : व्यक्ति, शहर व देश के नाम से पहले कोई Article नहीं लगेगा – (No article will be used before the names of persons, cities, and countries -)

× Priya
× Jaipur
× India

Note : कुछ देशों के नाम के पहले the लगाते हैं – (Note: 'The' is used before the names of some countries -)

The U.S.S.R., The U.S.A., The U.K.

Rule : 2 : सप्ताह के दिनों व महीनों के नाम के पहले कोई Article नहीं लगेगा – (No article will be used before the names of days of the week and months -)

× Monday
× June
× Sunday
× March
× Friday
× July

Rule : 3 : खेलों के नाम के पहले कोई Article नहीं लगेगा – (No article will be used before the names of games -)

× Volley-ball
× Cricket
× Football
× Badminton लेकिन a volley-ball match (यहाँ 'a' match के लिए है) (but 'a' volley-ball match (here 'a' is for 'match'))

Rule : 5 : पर्वत शिखरों के नाम के पहले कोई Article नहीं लगेगा – (No article will be used before the names of mountain peaks -)

× Everest
× Mount Abu

Rule : 6 : कृषि पदार्थ, खनिज पदार्थ व तरल पदार्थ के पहले कोई Article नहीं आयेगा – (No article will be used before agricultural products, minerals, and liquid substances -)

कृषि पदार्थ (Agricultural products): wheat (वीट्) = गेहूँ (wheat), rice (राइस) = चावल (rice), cotton (कॉटन) = कपास (cotton)

खनिज पदार्थ (Minerals): gold, iron, silver

तरल पदार्थ (Liquid substances): milk, water, tea

विशेष नोट : यदि उपर्युक्त का प्रयोग 'विशेष' के भाव में किया गया है तो इनके पहले the आयेगा। (Special Note: If the above are used in a 'specific' sense, then 'the' will be used before them.)

Golden Rule : जिस शब्द के बाद 'of' अथवा Wh- हो तो उस शब्द के पहले 'the article' लगा दो (Golden Rule: If a word is followed by 'of' or a Wh-word, then put 'the article' before that word.)

1. Milk is good for babies. (कोई Article नहीं) (No Article)
The milk of this cow is good.
(विशेष दूध – इस गाय का दूध) (Specific milk - the milk of this cow)
2. She wants to drink × milk.
The milk which she drank, was good.

Exercise 1

Question 1. Mr. Ramdeen has .......... car to go to his office. (a/an/the)
Answer: Mr. Ramdeen has a car to go to his office.
In simple words: Since 'car' starts with a consonant sound, we use 'a' before it.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember to use 'a' before words that start with a consonant sound, not just a consonant letter.

Question 2. .......... sun gives us light and heat. (a/an/the)
Answer: The sun gives us light and heat.
In simple words: The sun is unique, so we use 'the' before its name.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use 'the' for celestial bodies and unique objects like the sun, moon, and earth.

Question 3. I am .......... Indian.. (a/an/the)
Answer: I am an Indian.
In simple words: 'Indian' starts with a vowel sound, so 'an' is the correct article.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to the sound of the word, not just the spelling. 'Indian' sounds like it starts with 'I', a vowel.

Question 4. Sachin was .......... greatest player of cricket. (a/an/the)
Answer: Sachin was the greatest player of cricket.
In simple words: 'Greatest' is a superlative adjective, so we use 'the' before it.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always use 'the' before superlative adjectives (like greatest, tallest, most beautiful) to indicate something is one of a kind in its category.

Question 5. .......... Ganga is a holy river. (A/An/The)
Answer: The Ganga is a holy river.
In simple words: We use 'the' before the names of rivers.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always remember to use 'the' with geographical names like rivers, seas, and mountain ranges.

Question 6. .......... students whom I helped is (A/An/The)
Answer: The students whom I helped is (A/An/The)
In simple words: The phrase "whom I helped" makes the students specific, so 'the' is used.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use 'the' when a noun is made specific or particular by a phrase or clause that follows it.

Question 7. She is .......... honest girl. (a/an/the)
Answer: She is an honest girl.
In simple words: Even though 'honest' starts with 'h', the 'h' is silent, and it sounds like it starts with 'o' (a vowel), so we use 'an'.

🎯 Exam Tip: For words like 'honest' or 'hour', focus on the initial vowel sound, not the silent 'h', when choosing between 'a' and 'an'.

Exercise 2

Question 1. Shivam and Nitin went to .......... park for a morning walk.
Answer: Shivam and Nitin went to a park for a morning walk.
In simple words: 'Park' starts with a consonant sound, so 'a' is the correct article.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use 'a' before singular, countable nouns that begin with a consonant sound, referring to any general park.

Question 2. There was a Yoga teacher who was giving instructions about .......... unique pranayam.
Answer: There was a Yoga teacher who was giving instructions about a unique pranayam.
In simple words: 'Unique' starts with a 'yoo' sound, which is a consonant sound, so 'a' is used.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that words starting with 'u' can have a consonant sound (like 'unique' or 'university') or a vowel sound (like 'umbrella'). Always listen to the sound.

Question 3. Reduced breathing rate has .......... lot of benefits.
Answer: Reduced breathing rate has a lot of benefits.
In simple words: 'A lot of' is a common phrase meaning 'many', and it always includes 'a'.

🎯 Exam Tip: The phrase 'a lot of' is fixed; always include 'a' before 'lot of' when referring to a large quantity.

Question 4. Many homes of .......... rats were destroyed.
Answer: Many homes of the rats were destroyed.
In simple words: We are talking about specific rats whose homes were destroyed, making 'the' suitable.

🎯 Exam Tip: When the noun (rats) is followed by a phrase that specifies them ('whose homes were destroyed'), use 'the' because they are no longer general.

Question 5. Using .......... broom, I'll clean my room.
Answer: Using a broom, I'll clean my room.
In simple words: 'Broom' starts with a consonant sound, so we use 'a'.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use 'a' when referring to a general tool or object that starts with a consonant sound.

Question 6. I will remove all .......... cobwebs on the wall.
Answer: I will remove all the cobwebs on the wall.
In simple words: We are talking about specific cobwebs that are on the wall, so 'the' is used.

🎯 Exam Tip: When the object is specified by its location or context (like "on the wall"), use 'the' to show it's a particular item.

Question 7. On .......... tenth day, large effigies of Meghnad and Kumbhkaran were erected
Answer: On the tenth day, large effigies of Meghnad and Kumbhkaran were erected
In simple words: 'Tenth' is an ordinal number (like first, second), and we use 'the' before ordinal numbers.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always use 'the' before ordinal numbers (e.g., the first, the second, the last) when they define a specific position in a sequence.

Question 8. In .......... evening people began to assemble to see Ravan Dahan.
Answer: In the evening people began to assemble to see Ravan Dahan.
In simple words: We generally use 'the' with parts of the day like 'in the morning', 'in the afternoon', 'in the evening'.

🎯 Exam Tip: Fixed phrases for parts of the day like "in the morning/afternoon/evening" typically include 'the'.

Question 9. Rohit eats .......... apple before going to school.
Answer: Rohit eats an apple before going to school.
In simple words: 'Apple' starts with a vowel sound, so we use 'an'.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use 'an' before singular, countable nouns that begin with a vowel sound, like 'apple' or 'egg'.

Question 10. A little star is like a diamond in .......... sky.
Answer: A little star is like a diamond in the sky.
In simple words: 'Sky' is a unique and definite thing, so we use 'the'.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always use 'the' when referring to unique entities like 'the sky', 'the earth', or 'the universe'.

Question 11. The cranes brought .......... long stick and held it with their beaks.
Answer: The cranes brought a long stick and held it with their beaks.
In simple words: 'Long' starts with a consonant sound, so 'a' is used for a general stick.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing a non-specific item (like 'a long stick'), use 'a' or 'an' based on the sound of the adjective that immediately precedes the noun.

Question 12. The stars shine brighter than .......... sun.
Answer: The stars shine brighter than the sun.
In simple words: 'Sun' is a unique celestial body, so we use 'the' before it.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always use 'the' before names of unique celestial bodies like the sun, moon, and earth.

Question 13. Kalibai bought .......... orange and gave it to Nanabhai.
Answer: Kalibai bought an orange and gave it to Nanabhai.
In simple words: 'Orange' starts with a vowel sound, so 'an' is the correct article.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use 'an' for words that start with a vowel sound, such as 'orange', 'egg', or 'hour'.

Question 14. Once there was .......... man named Roshanlal...
Answer: Once there was a man named Roshanlal...
In simple words: 'Man' starts with a consonant sound, and we are introducing him for the first time, so 'a' is used.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use 'a' or 'an' when first introducing a singular, countable noun, implying "one of many" or "any."

Question 15. Soon .......... paper work was over and the car was his.
Answer: Soon the paper work was over and the car was his.
In simple words: The 'paper work' is specific, relating to the car ownership, so 'the' is used.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use 'the' when referring to something that has already been mentioned or is clearly understood from the context, making it specific.

Exercise 4

Question 1. There was a race between .......... rat and .......... elephant. (Model paper)
Answer: There was a race between a rat and an elephant.
In simple words: 'Rat' starts with a consonant sound so 'a' is used, while 'elephant' starts with a vowel sound so 'an' is used.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing two different items, use 'a' or 'an' for each, based on their individual starting sounds.

Question 2. One day .......... lonely boy named pankaj, found .......... lamp.
Answer: One day a lonely boy named Pankaj, found a lamp.
In simple words: Both 'lonely' and 'lamp' start with consonant sounds, so 'a' is used for each.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use 'a' when introducing a new, singular, countable noun that starts with a consonant sound, such as 'a lonely boy' or 'a lamp'.

Question 3. .......... profession of teaching is .......... noble profession.
Answer: The profession of teaching is a noble profession.
In simple words: 'The' is used for 'profession of teaching' because it is a specific concept, and 'a' is used for 'noble profession' because 'noble' starts with a consonant sound.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use 'the' when referring to a specific category or concept, and 'a' or 'an' for a general instance of something (like 'a noble profession').

Question 4. This is .......... story about .......... boy who does not like to study at all.
Answer: This is a story about a boy who does not like to study at all.
In simple words: Both 'story' and 'boy' start with consonant sounds, and they are general, so 'a' is used.

🎯 Exam Tip: When introducing two general, singular, countable nouns starting with consonant sounds, use 'a' for each.

Question 5. Draw .......... picture of genie and .......... magic lamp on a chart paper.
Answer: Draw a picture of genie and the magic lamp on a chart paper.
In simple words: 'Picture' starts with a consonant sound, so 'a' is used. 'The magic lamp' refers to a specific, well-known item (like from a story), making 'the' appropriate.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use 'a' for a general item, but use 'the' for items that are famous, unique, or known to both the speaker and listener, even if not explicitly stated earlier.

Question 6. Give .......... example of .......... same incident in your own words.
Answer: Give an example of the same incident in your own words.
In simple words: 'Example' starts with a vowel sound, so 'an' is used. 'Same incident' is very specific, so 'the' is used.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always use 'the' before the word 'same' when referring to a specific identical item or event.

Question 7. .......... doctor who cures patient without charging fees is respected by all.
Answer: The doctor who cures patient without charging fees is respected by all.
In simple words: The doctor is made specific by the phrase "who cures patient without charging fees," so 'the' is used.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use 'the' when a person or thing is defined by a descriptive clause that follows it, making them unique in that context.

Question 8. My friend was watching .......... cricketmatch and he liked .......... match very much.
Answer: My friend was watching a cricketmatch and he liked the match very much.
In simple words: 'Cricketmatch' is first introduced generally, so 'a' is used. Then, it becomes specific ("the match") because it was just mentioned.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use 'a' or 'an' for the first mention of a non-specific item, and then 'the' for subsequent mentions of the same item, as it becomes specific.

Question 9. .......... M.P. is elected for .......... parliament of a country.
Answer: An M.P. is elected for the parliament of a country.
In simple words: 'M.P.' sounds like it starts with a vowel ('em'), so 'an' is used. 'Parliament' is a specific institution in a country, so 'the' is used.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember to use 'an' before acronyms that start with a vowel sound (like 'M.P.', 'F.B.I.'). Use 'the' for unique government bodies or institutions within a specific country.

Question 10. .......... book which you gave me yesterday, is .......... story book.
Answer: The book which you gave me yesterday, is a story book.
In simple words: 'The book' is specific because "which you gave me yesterday" identifies it. It is generally a 'story book', so 'a' is used.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use 'the' when a noun is identified by a phrase or clause, and 'a' or 'an' when classifying it as a general type of thing (e.g., 'a story book').