RBSE Solutions Class 12 English Rainbow Chapter 5 India’s Gifts to the World-(ii) Purity is Power

Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 12 English Rainbow Chapter 5 India's Gifts to the World-(ii) Purity is Power

RBSE Class 12 English Rainbow Chapter 5(ii) Textual Questions

Activity 1: Comprehension

A. Say whether the following statements are True or False. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false:
1. Environmental purity is needed for total health.
2. The purity of society brings about harmony and unity.
3. Drona never summoned the Pandavas and Kauravas for any test.
4. Yudhishthira found everyone to be pious and pure.
5. Purity has the power to transform even the villains and murderers.
6. Pavaharibaba offered the rest of the food also to the thief.
7. Proud Gautam was humbled by the purity of a simple house-wife and an ordinary man.

Question 4. True
Answer: True
In simple words: This statement is correct.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always read the full statement carefully before marking True or False.

Question 5. True
Answer: True
In simple words: This statement is correct.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding the main ideas of the text helps in quickly identifying true statements.

Question 6. True
Answer: True
In simple words: This statement is correct.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to specific events and characters mentioned in the lesson to verify facts.

Question 7. True
Answer: True
In simple words: This statement is correct.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identifying key outcomes and transformations in the story helps confirm true statements.

Question 8. True
Answer: True
In simple words: This statement is correct.

🎯 Exam Tip: Look for details about character interactions and their effects to determine accuracy.

B. Answer the following questions in about 30-40 words each:
निम्नलिखित प्रत्येक प्रश्न का उत्तर लगभग 30-40 शब्दों में दीजिए:

Question 1. In which areas do we need purity?
हमें किन क्षेत्रों में पवित्रता की आवश्यकता होती है?
Answer: We need purity in all parts of life because without it, everything becomes useless and unattractive. We must have pure food, water, air, a clean environment, and pure love. Having a pure mind helps us think clearly. We also need purity in our society, knowledge, thoughts, mind, and speech to live a good life.
In simple words: We need purity in all areas like food, water, air, thoughts, and society. Without purity, everything is bad.

🎯 Exam Tip: When answering about the need for purity, list specific life aspects like physical, mental, and social spheres.

Question 2. Write the importance of purity of the environment.
पर्यावरण की पवित्रता का महत्व लिखिए।
Answer: A clean environment is very important for our overall health. The environment includes everything around us, such as air, water, food, and our community. We need a pure environment for both our physical and mental well-being. A clean environment ensures a healthy life for everyone living in it.
In simple words: A clean environment is very important for our full health. It includes pure air, water, food, and society, helping us stay well physically and mentally.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize both physical and mental health benefits when discussing environmental purity, as it covers all aspects of well-being.

Question 4. "Child, the food is insufficient for you. You may have this also.” What does this statement suggest about Pavaharibaba's attitude?
"बालक, यह भोजन तुम्हारे लिए अपर्याप्त है। तुम इसे भी लेसकते हो।” यह कथन पावाहरि बाबा के दृष्टिकोण के बारे में क्या बताता है?
Answer: This statement shows that Pavaharibaba had a completely pure heart and mind. He did not see the thief as a bad person, but as someone who was hungry and needed food. He understood that it was his job to feed anyone who was hungry. His compassion extended beyond the thief's actions, focusing on their basic human need.
In simple words: This shows Pavaharibaba was very pure-hearted. He saw a hungry person, not a thief, and felt it was his duty to feed them.

🎯 Exam Tip: To answer questions about character attitude, focus on their actions and words, and what hidden qualities they reveal (e.g., kindness, wisdom, purity).

Question 5. How did the thief react when Pavaharibaba offered him more food?
जब पावाहरि बाबा ने चोर को और अधिक भोजन दिया तो चोर ने कैसा व्यवहार किया?
Answer: When Pavaharibaba offered more food and spoke kindly, the thief was amazed by Baba’s loving words. This changed his heart. He bowed down to the saint and asked for forgiveness. The thief's transformation shows the powerful effect of selfless love and compassion.
In simple words: The thief was surprised by Baba’s kindness. He felt a change in his heart, then bowed down and asked for forgiveness.

🎯 Exam Tip: Describe the thief's emotional transformation (from wonder to humility) and physical action (prostrating) for a complete answer.

Question 6. Mention the manner of Gautam's tapasya?
गौतम ऋषि ने कई वर्ष तक कठोर तपस्या की। उन्होंने न खाया, न पिया। वह अपनी एक टांग पर खड़े रहे। उन्होंने अपनी इन्द्रियों पर नियंत्रण किया और इष्ट देवता (अपने इष्ट देवता) का ध्यान किया।
Answer: Gautam Rishi performed very strict penance for many years. He did not eat or drink. He stood on one leg, showing extreme self-control. He kept his senses in check and focused his attention on his chosen deity. This deep devotion and austerity aimed to gain spiritual powers and enlightenment.
In simple words: Gautam Rishi did tough penance for years. He did not eat or drink, stood on one leg, controlled his senses, and prayed to his god.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing tapasya, highlight key elements like fasting, difficult postures, and mental focus on a deity to show the depth of the spiritual practice.

Question 7. "I was serving my husband and feeding my children” What does this statement suggest about the lady's attitude towards duty?
"मैं अपने पति की सेवा कर रही थी और बच्चों को भोजन करा रही थी।” यह कथन कर्त्तव्य के प्रति स्त्री के दृष्टिकोण के विषय में क्या व्यक्त करता है?
Answer: This statement shows that the lady was very dedicated to her duties. She believed that work done sincerely is like worship. It is true that people who are faithful and committed to their duties achieve great things in life. Her simple, consistent acts of service were her path to spiritual elevation.
In simple words: This means the lady was very honest about her duties. She felt that working hard was like praying. People who do their duties well always succeed.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect the lady's statement to the core idea of 'duty as worship' and explain how her simple actions reflect deep commitment and spiritual understanding.

Question 8. "The man was bright with purity”. How does the author bring this out?
“वह आदमी पवित्रता से प्रकाशित था।” लेखक इस तथ्य को कैसे स्पष्ट करता है?
Answer: The author explains that true purity has the power to change things. The man did not seem like he had much schooling or was a holy person. But when Rishi Gautam met him, Gautam changed completely. This shows that the man's purity was so strong it radiated from him, changing those around him. This profound effect makes him shine with inner purity.
In simple words: The author says the man's real purity could change people. Even though he wasn't educated or a saint, his presence completely changed Rishi Gautam.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the transformative effect of the man's purity on Rishi Gautam as the main evidence the author uses to highlight his 'brightness'.

Question 9. How was Gautam's ego purified?
गौतम का अहंकार कैसे पवित्र हुआ?
Answer: Gautam's ego was purified by a good woman and a good man. Gautam was surprised to meet these two people. They knew everything he had done and thought in his mind. This experience humbled him, leading to the purification of his ego. The insight they possessed made him realize the limits of his own knowledge and power.
In simple words: Gautam's ego was cleaned by a pious lady and a pious man. They knew his thoughts, which surprised him and made his ego disappear.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain that Gautam's ego was purified when he encountered people whose inner purity and wisdom surpassed his own, revealing his limitations.

Question 10. Who is pure according to the author?
लेखक के अनुसार पवित्र कौन है?
Answer: According to the author, a person whose mind is pure is truly pure. Purity of mind makes our way of seeing things, our words, and our actions clean. Such a person has the power to change a bad person into a good one. This inner cleanliness allows them to spread positivity and goodness around.
In simple words: The author says a person with a pure mind is pure. This purity makes their thoughts, words, and actions good, helping them change bad people into good ones.

🎯 Exam Tip: When defining purity as per the author, emphasize the 'purity of mind' as the source that influences vision, words, and deeds, leading to transformative power.

Question 11. What is the importance of pure atmosphere?
पवित्र वातावरण का क्या महत्व है?
Answer: A pure atmosphere is very important for making a person physically and mentally clean and strong. Someone who grows up in a pure environment becomes pure. If the atmosphere is unclean, it can even spoil a person who is naturally pure. This shows how much our surroundings shape who we become.
In simple words: A pure atmosphere helps a person become clean and strong, both in body and mind. An impure atmosphere can even make a good person bad.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the dual impact (physical and mental) of a pure atmosphere and its protective quality against negative influences to fully explain its importance.

C. Answer the following questions in about 125 words each:
निम्नलिखित प्रत्येक प्रश्न का उत्तर लगभग 125 शब्दों में दीजिए।

Question 1. What are the merits of purity? (S. S. Exam 2018)
OR
Describe purity in different areas and their merits.
पवित्रता के गुण क्या हैं?
विभिन्न क्षेत्रों में पवित्रता एवं उसके गुणों का वर्णन कीजिये।
Answer: Purity is a precious gift for humans on Earth. When our body is pure, it helps our physical health. Pure thoughts make us more moral, and a pure mind brings us peace. Purity of heart encourages selfless love for everyone. When our actions are pure, it leads to honest and selfless service. A pure society helps everyone live together in harmony. A clean environment gives us inner peace and helps us grow. All these types of purity work together to build a complete and good life. The power of purity can even change a bad person into a good one, illuminating their spirit and strengthening their body.
In simple words: Purity is a gift that helps us in many ways. It makes our body healthy, our thoughts moral, and our mind peaceful. It brings selfless love, honest service, and helps society live in peace. A pure environment also gives us calm.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing the merits of purity, break it down by different aspects like body, mind, heart, actions, society, and environment, explaining the specific benefit of each.

Question 2. 'As is the mind so is the vision. Explain it with reference to the Mahabharata episode cited by the writer.
'जिस प्रकार का मन होता है, वैसी ही दृष्टि हो जाती है।' लेखक के द्वारा उधृत महाभारत की घटना के संदर्भ में में इस कथन की व्याख्या कीजिए।
Answer: Acharya Drona once tested the Pandavas and Kauravas. He asked Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava, to find one bad man from Hastinapur society. He also asked Duryodhana, the eldest Kaurava, to find one good man from the same society. Yudhishthira, having a pure heart, saw everyone as pious and good, so he could not find any evil man. Conversely, Duryodhana, having an impure mind, saw everyone as bad, and therefore could not find any good man. Both failed their tasks, showing that "as is the mind, so is the vision" is true. This lesson teaches us that our inner state shapes how we perceive the world.
In simple words: Drona asked Yudhishthira to find a bad man and Duryodhana to find a good man. Yudhishthira, being pure, saw everyone as good. Duryodhana, being impure, saw everyone as bad. Both failed, proving that your mind changes what you see.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use the examples of both Yudhishthira and Duryodhana to fully illustrate how their internal purity (or impurity) directly affected their perception of others.

Question 3. Describe the significance of the crane episode.
सारस वाली घटना गौतम ऋषि से सम्बन्धित है जो तपस्या द्वारा कुछ शक्तियाँ प्राप्त करना चाहते थे। उन्होंने एक लम्बी अवधि तक कठोर संयम (सदाचार) का पालन किया। ऋषि एक दिन नदी में पवित्र स्नान कर रहे थे कि पेड़ की शाखाओं पर बैठे हुए एक सारस की बीट ऋषि के सिर पर गिर गई । ऋषि नाराज हो गए। और उन्होंने अपने क्रोधपूर्ण घूरने (एकटक दृष्टि) से पक्षी को मार डाला। इस घटना ने गौतम में घमण्ड पैदा कर दिया। इसके उपरान्त वह समीप के ग्राम में भिक्षा के लिए गये। जब गृहस्वामिनी को आने में देर हो गई तो गौतम नाराज हो गये। इस पर उसने कहा कि वह सारस नहीं है। यह सुनकर गौतम आश्चर्यचकित और अपमानित सा हो गये। तब उस स्त्री ने गौतम को एक व्यक्ति के पास भेजा जो पवित्र और साधारण था। उस स्त्री और उस पवित्र व्यक्ति ने गौतम के घमण्ड को नष्ट कर दिया और तब से ऋषि गौतम सरल और विनम्र हो गये।
Answer: The crane episode is important because it teaches Rishi Gautam about true purity and humility. Initially, Gautam, proud of his penance, killed a crane with a angry stare. Later, he was humbled by a house-wife who, despite her simple life, showed greater spiritual power by knowing his thoughts and advising him. She then directed him to a simple, pure man who further rooted out Gautam's pride. This experience transformed Gautam from an arrogant ascetic into a simple and gentle sage, showing that true power lies not in outward displays or anger, but in inner purity, selfless duty, and compassion. The story emphasizes that purity can be found in ordinary people leading dutiful lives.
In simple words: The crane story showed Rishi Gautam that true power comes from purity, not anger. He was humbled by a simple house-wife and an ordinary man who had great inner purity, which changed his proud nature to a gentle one.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain that the crane episode's significance lies in how it exposed Gautam's ego and taught him that genuine spiritual power comes from inner purity and humility, not just ascetic practices.

Question 4. Why are Samskaras important in our life?
संस्कार हमारे जीवन में महत्त्वपूर्ण हैं क्योंकि ये हमारी अपवित्रताओं और बुरी आदतों को धो डालते हैं और ऐसे आधार को रखते हैं जिस पर सद्गुणों की दीवार खड़ी की जा सके। एक बहुत अच्छे लड़के या लड़की में भी कुछ कमियाँ होती हैं। संस्कार यथार्थ में उन कमियों को दूर करने एवं अच्छे विचारों को स्थापित करने के मनोवैज्ञानिक एवं धार्मिक उपचार हैं। जब एक तोता यदि भली-भाँति प्रशिक्षित हो जाये तो एक मनुष्य की आवाज़ की नकल कर सकता है तो संस्कारित होकर एक मनुष्य का बालक और अधिक योग्य और सक्षम क्यों नहीं हो सकता? इसीलिए हमारे पूर्वजों ने मनुष्य को सच्चा मनुष्य, पवित्र मनुष्य बनाने के लिए सोलह संस्कारों की
Answer: Samskaras are important in our lives because they help remove our bad habits and impurities. They lay a strong foundation for building virtues. Even good children can have some flaws, and Samskaras act as spiritual and psychological treatments to fix these weaknesses and promote good thoughts. Just as a parrot can learn to mimic human speech with proper training, a human child can become more perfect and capable through Samskaras. Our ancestors designed sixteen Samskaras to shape individuals into true, pure human beings. These cultural rites enable a person to live a life of quality, by instilling positive qualities through psychological and religious practices.
In simple words: Samskaras are important because they clean away bad habits and build good qualities. They help children become better people, just like training helps a parrot speak. Our ancestors made these sixteen rites to make us truly pure and good.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight that Samskaras are crucial for removing impurities, developing virtues, and fostering overall human perfection, making them essential for a good quality of life.

Question 6. Justify the title of the lesson, 'Purity is Power'.
'पवित्रता ही शक्ति है' पाठ के शीर्षक की सार्थकता सिद्ध कीजिए।
Answer: The title 'Purity is Power' is very fitting for this lesson. The entire theme of the lesson revolves around different types and the importance of purity. It explains how purity of body, thoughts, words, mind, and environment are all distinct yet interconnected. The lesson describes the positive effects of these purities and shows, with examples from ancient stories, what happens when a person is pure in mind, words, and actions. A truly pure person gains such power that they can transform a bad person into a good one. All these examples clearly show that the title 'Purity is Power' is very appropriate, as purity strengthens both the soul and the body. It enables individuals to exert a positive influence on the world.
In simple words: The title 'Purity is Power' is perfect for this lesson. It talks about many types of purity and their importance. It shows how purity can make a bad person good, making the soul and body strong.

🎯 Exam Tip: To justify the title, reference how the lesson explores various forms of purity and demonstrates their transformative power on individuals and society, reinforcing that inner purity is a true strength.

RBSE Class 12 English Rainbow Chapter 5(ii) Additional Questions

A. Answer the following questions in about 30-40 words each:
निम्नलिखित प्रत्येक प्रश्न का उत्तर लगभग 30-40 शब्दों में दीजिए:

Question 1. What do we want for good health?
हम अच्छे स्वास्थ्य के लिए क्या चाहते हैं?
Answer: For good health, we need pure food, pure water, clean air, and a pure environment. We also desire pure love, care, and a pure society. Purity is essential because it promotes good health and makes us strong. These elements work together to ensure our complete well-being.
In simple words: For good health, we want pure food, water, air, a clean environment, love, and a pure society. Purity makes us healthy and strong.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing needs for good health, categorize them into physical (food, water, air) and social/emotional (environment, love, society) aspects.

Question 2. What is injurious to health and why?
स्वास्थ्य के लिए क्या हानिकारक है और क्यों?
Answer: Impurity is harmful to health because it causes diseases and creates harmful substances in both the body and mind. Everyone dislikes impurity because it leads to problems and gradually weakens us physically and mentally. A polluted environment and negative thoughts can severely impact one's overall well-being.
In simple words: Impurity harms health because it causes diseases and bad things in the body and mind. It weakens us over time.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain that impurity injures health by causing diseases and creating toxins, leading to both physical and mental weakening. Specify the "why" clearly.

Question 3. What are the different kinds of purities? Describe.
शारीरिक स्वास्थ्य शरीर की पवित्रता है। निष्कलंक सत्य वाणी की पवित्रता है और नि:स्वार्थ प्रेम हृदय की पवित्रता है। न्यायसंगत तर्क विचार की पवित्रता है। पूर्ण शांति मन की पवित्रता है। नि:स्वार्थ सेवा कर्म की पवित्रता है।
Answer: There are several kinds of purities. Physical health is the purity of the body. Truthful speech without fault is the purity of words. Unselfish love is the purity of the heart. Just and logical thinking is the purity of thoughts. Complete peace is the purity of the mind. And selfless service is the purity of actions. All these different forms of purity work together to lead a truly wholesome and virtuous life.
In simple words: Different purities include pure body (good health), pure words (truthful speech), pure heart (selfless love), pure thoughts (wise thinking), pure mind (peace), and pure actions (selfless service).

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing different purities, clearly link each type (body, words, heart, thoughts, mind, actions) to its specific meaning for a detailed answer.

Question 4. How does 'purity' help a man? (Sample Paper 2018)
'पवित्रता' मनुष्य की किस प्रकार सहायता करती है?
Answer: Purity is a divine gift that greatly helps humans. It can cleanse an impure person, just like darkness disappears when sunlight appears. In the presence of a pure person, foolish, evil, and criminal people become wise, gentle, and obedient. This transformative power of purity allows individuals to grow spiritually and influence others positively, fostering goodness and virtue. Thus, purity acts as a guiding light, leading people towards a better self.
In simple words: Purity is a gift that makes impure people clean. It helps bad people become wise and kind, just like light removes darkness.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on purity's transformative power, both for the individual (cleansing) and for others (making them wise and gentle), to illustrate how it helps a person.

Question 5. How did Drona test the purity of Yudhishthira and Duryodhana?
द्रोण ने युधिष्ठिर और दुर्योधन की पवित्रता की परीक्षा कैसे ली?
Answer: Acharya Drona tested the purity of Yudhishthira and Duryodhana by giving them a task. He asked Yudhishthira to find a bad man from Hastinapur society. He asked Duryodhana to find a good man from the same society. Drona wanted to see how much inner purity each prince possessed. This test was designed to reveal their true nature and perception of the world around them.
In simple words: Drona tested them by asking Yudhishthira to find a bad man and Duryodhana to find a good man. He wanted to check their inner purity.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly state the specific task Drona assigned to each prince, as this forms the core of his method for testing their purity.

Question 6. Could Duryodhana find out a good man from the society of Hasthinapur? If not, why?
क्या दुर्योधन हस्तिनापुर के समाज में से एक अच्छा आदमी खोजकर ला सका? यदि नहीं, तो क्यों?
Answer: Duryodhana could not find a good man from the society of Hastinapur. This was because he had an impure heart and saw impurity in everyone. His negative outlook prevented him from recognizing goodness in others, even if it existed. His perception was clouded by his own flawed nature, making him unable to complete the task.
In simple words: No, Duryodhana could not find a good man. Because his heart was impure, he saw badness in everyone.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain that Duryodhana's inability to find a good man was a direct result of his own impure mind, which colored his perception of everyone he met.

Question 7. What are the powers of purity?
पवित्रता की क्या शक्तियाँ हैं?
Answer: Purity is a very powerful quality. It can clean up an impure person. When purity is present, bad things go away, just as darkness vanishes when the sun shines. People who are foolish, evil, or criminals become gentle and obedient when they are around a pure person. This shows that purity has the power to transform individuals and create a positive environment. It acts as a moral force that guides towards goodness.
In simple words: Purity is powerful. It can make an impure person clean. It makes bad things disappear like darkness with sunlight, and changes bad people into good ones.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the transformative effects of purity – on individuals (purifying them) and on their surroundings (making others gentle and obedient) – to describe its powers.

Question 8. Why did Pavaharibaba run after the thief?
पावहरि बाबा चोर के पीछे क्यों दौड़े?
Answer: Pavaharibaba ran after the thief because he wanted to offer him more food. Baba was a pure and kind person, and he saw the thief not as a criminal, but as a hungry man who had come seeking food. His compassion moved him to ensure that the thief had enough to eat, demonstrating his selfless nature. He prioritized the thief's basic need over any judgment of his actions.
In simple words: Pavaharibaba ran after the thief to offer more food. He was pure and kind, seeing the thief as a hungry man, not a criminal.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize Pavaharibaba's pure and compassionate nature, explaining that he saw the thief as a hungry person rather than a wrongdoer, which prompted his pursuit.

Question 9. Why did the thief prostrate before the saint?
चोर ने सन्त के आगे दण्डवत्-प्रणाम क्यों किया?
Answer: The thief prostrated before the saint because when Pavaharibaba offered him more food and gently asked him to eat happily instead of scolding him, the thief’s heart softened and changed. The saint’s immense purity and kindness transformed him completely. This act of unexpected love and forgiveness broke through the thief’s defenses, leading to deep remorse and respect. He bowed down as a sign of his changed heart and respect.
In simple words: The thief bowed to the saint because Pavaharibaba offered him food kindly instead of scolding him. This kindness melted his heart, and the saint's purity changed him.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain that the thief's prostration was a direct result of Pavaharibaba's unexpected kindness and purity, which deeply moved and transformed the thief's heart.

Question 11. Who was Gautam and what did he think after killing the bird by his stare?
गौतम कौन थे और उन्होंने अपनी दृष्टि से पक्षी को मारकर क्या सोचा?
Answer: Gautam was a Rishi, a wise sage. One day, he angrily stared at a bird (crane), and the bird fell down dead. After this happened, he felt very powerful and became proud of himself. This incident made him overconfident in his own spiritual strength, believing he could control life and death with just a look.
In simple words: Gautam was a Rishi. After killing a bird with his stare, he thought he was very powerful and became proud.

🎯 Exam Tip: Mention Gautam's identity as a Rishi and clearly state the two key results of his action: feeling powerful and developing pride.

Question 12. Who rooted out the whole pride of Rishi Gautam?
गौतम ऋषि का सम्पूर्ण घमण्ड किसने नष्ट किया?
Answer: An ordinary housewife and a simple man rooted out the entire pride of Rishi Gautam. The housewife humbly served her husband and children, seeing her work as worship. The ordinary man performed his duties honestly. These two individuals, through their selfless devotion to duty and inner purity, showed Gautam a deeper form of spiritual power, thus humbling his arrogance. Their simple lives reflected a profound wisdom that Gautam, despite his ascetic practices, had not yet achieved.
In simple words: An ordinary housewife and a simple man, who did their duties honestly, rooted out all of Rishi Gautam's pride.

🎯 Exam Tip: Specify that it was an ordinary housewife and an ordinary man, both embodying purity through duty, who were responsible for humbling Gautam's pride.

Question 13. What kind of power did the lady and the man have that changed Gautam from an egoist to a gentleman?
उस महिला और आदमी के अन्दर किस प्रकार की शक्ति थी कि जिससे उन्होंने गौतम ऋषि को एक घमण्डी से विनम्र व्यक्ति बना
Answer: The lady and the man possessed the power of inner purity and sincerity in their duties. Their hearts and minds were pure, and they were not great scholars or ascetics. However, their honest devotion to their work and their inner purity made them immensely powerful. This profound inner strength allowed them to humble Gautam, transforming him from an egoist into a gentleman. Their simple lives demonstrated that true spiritual power comes from a pure heart and dedicated action, not from external achievements or pride.
In simple words: The lady and the man had the power of inner purity and sincere duty. Their pure hearts and honest work made them powerful, which changed Gautam from proud to humble.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain that their power came from deep inner purity and sincere dedication to duty, rather than external displays, highlighting the strength of true character.

Question 14. What kind of person is pure and what ability does he have?
किस प्रकार का व्यक्ति पवित्र होता है और उसके पास क्या क्षमता होती है?
Answer: According to the author, a person is pure if they are sincere in their service, faithful in their duties, and loving without selfishness. Such a person has the ability to transform others. Their purity can change bad things into good things. This inherent capacity for positive influence stems from their unwavering commitment to goodness, enabling them to inspire virtue and peace in those around them.
In simple words: A pure person is honest in service, faithful to duties, and unselfish in love. They can change bad things into good ones.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define a pure person by their key characteristics (sincerity, faithfulness, unselfish love) and their primary ability (transforming evil into goodness).

Question 15. If the inborn nature of a child is a little impure, can we make him/her pure? If yes, how?
यदि किसी बच्चे के जन्मजात स्वभाव में कुछ अपवित्रता है तो क्या हम उसे पवित्र बना सकते हैं? यदि हाँ तो कैसे?
Answer: Yes, if a child's inborn nature has some impurity, we can definitely make them pure through proper upbringing and care. Good training in a clean and positive environment helps to remove all impurities and builds a strong, virtuous character. This shows the significant role of nurture and education in shaping a child's moral development, even if they have initial flaws. Consistent positive reinforcement and a supportive atmosphere are key.
In simple words: Yes, we can make an impure child pure with good upbringing. Proper training in a good environment removes bad habits and builds a good character.

🎯 Exam Tip: Confirm that purity can be cultivated, and specify the methods: proper nurture, training, and a positive environment, emphasizing their collective impact.

Question 16. 'Through training, man becomes a man'. What does this statement mean?
'प्रशिक्षण द्वारा, मनुष्य मनुष्य बनता है। इस कथन का क्या तात्पर्य है?
Answer: This statement means that when a person is born, they naturally have some animal-like weaknesses and impurities. However, through proper training or Samskaras (sacred rites), these impure traits are washed away. This allows the hidden purity and potential for goodness in a person to shine brightly. It suggests that human beings are not born perfect, but can achieve their full human potential through education, moral guidance, and cultural practices. This process refines their character and brings out their noble qualities.
In simple words: This means humans are born with some animal-like traits. But with good training or traditions (Samskaras), these bad parts are cleaned away, and their true good nature shines through, making them a complete person.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain that "man becomes a man" means refining inherent animalistic tendencies through training and Samskaras to reveal innate purity and achieve full human potential.

How can you prove that proper training or samskaras remove the impurities of a human child? The answer according to the lesson 'Purity is Power'.
आप कैसे सिद्ध कर सकते हैं कि उचित प्रशिक्षण और संस्कार मानव शिशु की अपवित्रताओं को मिटा देते हैं? 'पवित्रता ही शक्ति है' पाठ के आधार पर उत्तर दीजिए।
Answer: We can prove that proper training and Samskaras remove impurities from a human child by observing that even street dogs, with their wild habits, can learn to behave properly and decently with good upbringing. If animals can be refined through training, it is even more possible for humans, who are the most developed species, to become pure through training and Samskaras. This shows that a structured environment and consistent guidance can overcome innate tendencies and transform character. The lesson implies that human potential for purity is even greater than that of animals.
In simple words: If street dogs can learn good manners with training, then humans, being smarter, can certainly become pure through proper training and good traditions (Samskaras).

🎯 Exam Tip: Use the analogy of training animals to demonstrate that if even less developed species can be refined, then humans, with proper training and Samskaras, can certainly overcome impurities and achieve purity.

B. Answer the following questions in about 125 words each:
निम्नलिखित प्रत्येक प्रश्न का उत्तर लगभग 125 शब्दों में दीजिए.

Question 1. What kinds of purities do we long for and how can we attain them?
हम किस प्रकार की पवित्रताओं की आकांक्षा रखते हैं और उन्हें कैसे प्राप्त कर सकते हैं?
Answer: We desire many kinds of purities, as a meaningful life cannot be imagined without them. We wish for purity in our food, water, and air, along with a clean environment and society. We also seek purity of heart, love, and mind. All these purities are essential for good physical and mental health. We can achieve physical purity through healthy living, such as clean habits and nutrition. Purity of speech comes from speaking only the unsullied truth. Unselfish love helps us achieve purity of heart. Righteous reasoning leads to purity of thoughts. We can gain purity of mind through wholesome peace. Sincere and selfless service brings purity of action. Harmonious unity fosters a pure society, and soul-elevating serenity contributes to a pure environment. By actively pursuing these practices, we can cultivate a life rich in diverse forms of purity, leading to overall well-being and spiritual growth.
In simple words: We want many purities: pure food, water, air, environment, society, heart, love, and mind, all for good health. We get body purity through healthy habits, speech purity by telling truth, heart purity through selfless love, thought purity by right reason, mind purity through peace, action purity by selfless service, society purity by unity, and environment purity by peacefulness.

🎯 Exam Tip: Structure your answer by first listing the types of purity desired, then for each type, explain the specific actions or practices that help attain it.

Question 2. How did Acharya Drona test the state of mind of Yudhishthira and Duryodhana? Explain.
Answer: Acharya Drona tested Yudhishthira and Duryodhana by a special idea: "What you see depends on what is in your mind." He told Yudhishthira to find one bad person from Hastinapur society. He told Duryodhana to find one good person from the same society. Yudhishthira could not find any bad person because his own heart was pure, so he saw goodness in everyone. Duryodhana could not find any good person because his heart was impure, so he saw badness in everyone. This test showed Drona that Yudhishthira had a pure heart and Duryodhana had an impure heart. This ancient story teaches us how our inner thoughts shape our view of the world.
In simple words: Drona tested Yudhishthira and Duryodhana by asking them to find good and bad people. Yudhishthira, with a pure heart, found no bad people, while Duryodhana, with an impure heart, found no good people.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining character traits, use examples from the story to clearly show how their actions reflect their inner nature.

Question 3. Who was Pavaharibaba? How did he treat a thief? Describe.
Answer: Pavaharibaba was a very pure and simple saint. One night, a thief stole some food from his home. When Pavaharibaba woke up and saw the thief running away, he chased him. Instead of scolding, Baba lovingly offered the thief more food, saying it might not be enough. He asked the thief to sit and eat peacefully. Hearing these kind words, the thief felt very touched and sorry. He bowed down to the saint and asked for forgiveness. This shows how true kindness can change someone's heart.
In simple words: Pavaharibaba was a kind saint who offered more food to a thief instead of scolding him, which made the thief feel sorry and ask for forgiveness.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight key character actions and their impact on others when describing events from a story.

Activity 2: Vocabulary

Question 1. We yearn for a pure heart. (purity)
Answer: We yearn for the purity of heart.
In simple words: We changed "pure heart" to "purity of heart" as instructed.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand how different forms of a word (like adjective vs. noun) change the sentence structure.

Question 2. Impurities are injurious to health. (injury)
Answer: Impurities cause injury to health.
In simple words: We changed "injurious" to "cause injury" to express the same idea using the word "injury".

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to the part of speech required by the bracketed word and adjust the sentence accordingly.

Question 3. Purity provides peace of mind. (mental)
Answer: Purity provides mental peace.
In simple words: We used the word "mental" to describe the peace, making it "mental peace".

🎯 Exam Tip: Sometimes, replacing a phrase with an adjective-noun combination makes the sentence more concise.

Question 4. He was busily serving his parents. (busy)
Answer: He was busy serving his parents.
In simple words: We replaced "busily" with the simpler word "busy" to describe his action.

🎯 Exam Tip: Choose the correct form of the word (adverb vs. adjective) that fits the sentence's grammar.

Question 5. But a well brought up dog is not only clean but also behaves very methodically and decently (method, decency).
Answer: But a well brought up dog is not only clean but also behaves with method and decency.
In simple words: We changed "methodically and decently" to "with method and decency" to fit the bracketed words.

🎯 Exam Tip: When using nouns from brackets, you might need to add prepositions like "with" or "by" to make the sentence grammatically correct.

Activity 3: Speech Activity

Question 1. Give a short speech on each of the following in your school assembly:
(i) Work is Worship (कार्य ही पूजा है)
(ii) Handsome is that Handsome Does (सुन्दर वह होता है जो सुन्दर कार्य करता है)
(iii) A Healthy Body has a Healthy Mind. (स्वस्थ शरीर में ही स्वस्थ मस्तिष्क होता है).
Answer:
(i) Work is Worship (कार्य ही पूजा है)
Dear Principal, teachers, and friends! Lord Krishna teaches us in the Geeta that we cannot live even a moment without working. Work keeps us healthy and active. It gives us food, a home, and everything we need to live well. When we do our duties honestly, we get good results. Just like we get results based on our work, if we don't work, we achieve nothing. We should think of our work as worshipping God. God himself is always working to manage the universe, so we should also stay busy doing our duties. Always remember: "Work is Worship." This idea helps us find meaning and purpose in all our daily tasks.
(ii) Handsome is that Handsome Does (सुन्दर वह होता है जो सुन्दर कार्य करता है)
Dear Principal, teachers, and friends! Who is truly handsome? Is it someone who looks good but does bad things? Or is it someone who might not look very handsome but does good work for society? The answer is clear. For example, Ravana was very good-looking, but people remember him for his bad actions. On the other hand, Shivaji might not have been known for his looks, but he is loved by everyone for his great deeds. A person who does good things earns respect and love, while someone who only looks good but commits crimes ends up in jail. So, true beauty comes from good actions, not just outward appearance.
(iii) A Healthy Body has a Healthy Mind (स्वस्थ शरीर में ही स्वस्थ मस्तिष्क होता है)
Dear Principal, teachers, and friends! To have a healthy mind, we first need a healthy body. A person who is ill cannot be mentally healthy or happy. They are always worried about their sickness and become inactive and sad. However, someone with a strong body can enjoy both mental peace and spiritual happiness. It is true that good health and happiness are connected. Just as our mind can affect our body, our body also affects its mind. So, we must always take good care of our physical health. Keeping our body fit helps us think clearly and feel happy.
In simple words: This question requires three short speeches: one on "Work is Worship," one on "Handsome is that Handsome Does," and one on "A Healthy Body has a Healthy Mind." Each speech explains the meaning of the phrase using simple language and examples to show its importance.

🎯 Exam Tip: For speeches, organize your points clearly with an introduction and conclusion. Use examples to make your message relatable and impactful, following the principle of explaining complex ideas simply.

Activity 4: Composition

Question 1. Write a letter to the editor of The Hindustan Times commenting on "The Influence of TV and Internet on Students".
Answer:
50-Vasant Vihar
Bikaner
15 November 20XX
The Editor
The Hindustan Times
New Delhi

Subject: The Impact of TV and Internet on Students

Dear Sir,

Through the columns of your respected newspaper, I want to bring to the notice of parents and authorities the growing influence of TV and the internet on students. Some channels and websites are showing inappropriate content, which is harming young people. Video games and inappropriate videos online are spoiling their lives. Having 3G and 4G smartphones has become a status symbol for students. They are spending less time playing outside and more time on the internet. It is the responsibility of parents and educators to guide students towards a balanced use of technology, ensuring they benefit from it without being harmed. We must help them choose good content and encourage outdoor activities. This is crucial for their overall growth.

Yours faithfully,
[Your Name]

🎯 Exam Tip: For formal letters, always include the sender's address, date, receiver's address, subject line, and a clear, polite tone. End with a proper closing like "Yours faithfully".

Question 2. You wish to join the Indian Army. Write a letter to the editor of The Hindu praising the illustrious history and tradition of the Indian Army.
Answer:
52-Krishna Nagar
Kota
10 January 20XX
The Editor
The Hindu
Jaipur

Subject: Praising the Indian Army's History and Traditions

Dear Sir,

Through the columns of your respected newspaper, I want to highlight the great history and traditions of the Indian Army, especially for young people. Since India became independent, our army has bravely fought and won three wars against Pakistan. It plays a huge role in fighting terrorism and keeping our country united. The Indian Army is famous for its strong discipline. Soldiers also do amazing work during natural disasters, both within India and abroad, helping people in need. Whenever I see an army officer or a soldier, I feel immense pride for my nation. I hope to join the Indian Army myself and encourage my friends to also become dedicated soldiers of our motherland. Jai Hind. The Indian Army truly represents courage, sacrifice, and selfless service.

Yours faithfully,
Ved Vatsal

🎯 Exam Tip: When writing a letter of praise, provide specific examples of achievements or qualities to make your argument stronger and more convincing.

Question 3. Write a short article for your school magazine on spiritualism and ethical values in ancient India.
Answer:

Spiritualism and Ethical Values in Ancient India

India has been famous for its spiritual and moral values since ancient times. Spirituality is like the lifeblood of Indian culture. The Rigveda, one of the oldest scriptures, was written in India. Yoga, which helps with physical, mental, and spiritual health, also comes from India. Indian history is full of stories where people gave up their wealth, families, and even their lives for their beliefs. Ideas like universal brotherhood, seeing the earth as a mother, and believing that 'work is worship' are just some of the spiritual and moral values that were common in ancient Indian society. These timeless principles continue to inspire us today.

🎯 Exam Tip: For an article, use a clear title and introductory paragraph. Structure your content with relevant historical or philosophical points, and conclude with a summary or inspiring thought.