NEET Biology Photosynthesis in Higher Plants MCQs Set 21

Biology Objective Questions and Answers: Photosynthesis In Higher Plants

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Find the number of ATP required in the reduction step of the C3 cycle if the cycle is involved in the formation of sucrose.
(a) 12 ATP
(b) 24 ATP
(c) 18 ATP
(d) 6 ATP
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) 24 ATP

Explanation:
1. Sucrose has 12 carbons, so 12 CO2 are fixed.
2. Each CO2 gives two PGA, and each PGA needs 1 ATP for reduction, which is 2 ATP per CO2.

Teacher's Note:
1. So 12 x 2 = 24 ATP.

Question 2: Which of the following is not concerned with non-cyclic photophosphorylation?
(a) Photolysis of water
(b) Evolution of O2
(c) Reduction of NAD+
(d) Formation of ATP
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Reduction of NAD+

Explanation:
1. In non-cyclic photophosphorylation NADP+ is reduced, and not NAD+.

Teacher's Note:
1. Photolysis of water, release of O2 and ATP formation all occur.

Question 3: A plant is growing where only light of wavelength beyond 680 nm is available. Which statements are correct? (i) no NADPH2 formation (ii) electrons go back to the same reaction centre (iii) only PS II is active (iv) ATP is formed (v) O2 evolution takes place
(a) iii and iv
(b) ii, iii and iv
(c) i, ii and iv
(d) iv and v
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) i, ii and iv

Explanation:
1. Beyond 680 nm only PS I is active, so cyclic photophosphorylation takes place.
2. Electrons return to the same reaction centre, ATP is formed, and no NADPH or O2 is produced.

Teacher's Note:
1. So i, ii and iv are correct.

Question 4: Match: (a) OEC (b) ATP (c) LHC (d) NADPH with (i) assimilatory power (ii) splitting of water (iii) reducing power (iv) both PS I and PS II.
(a) a-ii, b-iii, c-iv, d-i
(b) a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii
(c) a-ii, b-i, c-iv, d-iii
(d) a-iv, b-i, c-iii, d-ii
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) a-ii, b-i, c-iv, d-iii

Explanation:
1. The oxygen evolving complex splits water, ATP is part of the assimilatory power, LHC is found in both photosystems, and NADPH is the reducing power.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 5: Which of the following statements is correct with respect to non-cyclic photophosphorylation?
(a) Light causes the splitting of water at the stroma side of the thylakoid membrane
(b) Electrons from the first acceptor of PS II to NADP+ involve uphill movement in terms of redox potential scale
(c) NADP+ receives electrons from a donor which has a redox potential lower than NADP+
(d) Splitting of water leads to release of electrons from PS II
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) NADP+ receives electrons from a donor which has a redox potential lower than NADP+

Explanation:
1. Electrons pass to NADP+ from a carrier of lower redox potential, which means downhill movement.
2. Water splits on the lumen side, and its electrons go to PS II to replace those lost.

Teacher's Note:
1. The electron movement from the PS II acceptor onward is downhill.

Question 6: A: Photorespiration is absent in C4 plants. B: PEPcase is a 3 carbon containing primary CO2 acceptor in C4 plants. Select the correct option.
(a) Both A and B are correct
(b) A is correct but B is incorrect
(c) A is incorrect but B is correct
(d) Both A and B are incorrect
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) A is correct but B is incorrect

Explanation:
1. C4 plants have no photorespiration because CO2 is concentrated at RuBisCO.

Teacher's Note:
1. PEPcase is an enzyme, and the 3-carbon primary acceptor is PEP.

Question 7: In the Calvin cycle for the formation of one glucose molecule (6 CO2 fixed), which is correct?
(a) Carboxylation needs 16 ATP and 12 NADPH
(b) Reduction needs 12 ATP and 12 NADPH
(c) Reduction needs 18 ATP and 12 NADPH
(d) Regeneration needs 12 ATP and 6 NADPH
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Reduction needs 12 ATP and 12 NADPH

Explanation:
1. Twelve PGA molecules are formed and each is reduced using 1 ATP and 1 NADPH, so reduction needs 12 ATP and 12 NADPH.
2. Regeneration needs 6 ATP and carboxylation needs no ATP.

Teacher's Note:
1. The total is 18 ATP and 12 NADPH.

Question 8: "The effect of water as a factor is more through its effect on the plant, rather than directly on photosynthesis." This is justified by:
(a) Water stress causes the closing of stomata
(b) Reduction in surface area of leaves due to wilting
(c) Reduction in metabolic activities due to water deficiency
(d) All of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All of these

Explanation:
1. Water stress closes stomata, makes leaves wilt and reduces metabolism, so photosynthesis falls indirectly.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 9: How many ATP are required in the regeneration steps of the Hatch-Slack pathway and C3 cycle together during the formation of 1 glucose?
(a) 30 ATP
(b) 18 ATP
(c) 36 ATP
(d) 15 ATP
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) 18 ATP

Explanation:
1. The C3 cycle regeneration of RuBP needs 6 ATP per glucose.
2. The Hatch-Slack pathway regenerates PEP from pyruvate at 2 ATP per CO2, which is 12 ATP for six CO2.

Teacher's Note:
1. So the total is 6 + 12 = 18 ATP.

Question 10: Which is an incorrect statement with respect to RuBisCO?
(a) It is the most abundant enzyme in the world
(b) It is a bifunctional enzyme
(c) It is always present in the stroma of mesophyll cells' chloroplasts
(d) It can catalyse both the Calvin cycle and photorespiration
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) It is always present in the stroma of mesophyll cells' chloroplasts

Explanation:
1. In C4 plants RuBisCO is present only in the bundle sheath cells, and not in the mesophyll.

Teacher's Note:
1. RuBisCO acts as a carboxylase and as an oxygenase.

Question 11: A: C4 pathway is observed only in monocots. B: RuBisCO has a much greater affinity for CO2 than O2. C: Tropical plants have a higher temperature optimum than plants adapted to temperate climates. D: Current availability of CO2 levels is limiting to C4 plants. Select true and false for A, B, C, D.
(a) A false, B true, C true, D false
(b) A true, B true, C false, D false
(c) A true, B false, C true, D false
(d) A false, B true, C false, D true
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) A false, B true, C true, D false

Explanation:
1. C4 pathway is found in some dicots also (Amaranthus), so A is false.
2. Tropical plants have a higher temperature optimum, so C is true. The present CO2 level is limiting for C3 plants and not for C4 plants, so D is false.

Teacher's Note:
1. RuBisCO's greater affinity for CO2 holds at the normal CO2 to O2 ratio, so B is taken as true.

Question 12: Which of the following is the ultimate pathway for the formation of carbohydrate in plants?
(a) C3 cycle
(b) C4 cycle
(c) CAM pathway
(d) None of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) C3 cycle

Explanation:
1. The C3 cycle (Calvin cycle) is the only pathway that makes sugar, and the C4 and CAM pathways deliver CO2 to it.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 13: In C4 plants photorespiration does not occur because:
(a) RuBisCO in C4 plants lacks oxygenase activity
(b) PEPcase is present in mesophyll cells
(c) RuBisCO has a much greater affinity for CO2 than O2
(d) They have a mechanism that increases the concentration of CO2 at the RuBisCO enzyme site
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) They have a mechanism that increases the concentration of CO2 at the RuBisCO enzyme site

Explanation:
1. C4 plants pump CO2 into the bundle sheath cells, which raises the CO2 concentration at RuBisCO and suppresses its oxygenase activity.

Teacher's Note:
1. RuBisCO is the same enzyme in C3 and C4 plants.

Question 14: C4 plants do not differ from C3 plants in:
(a) The presence of oxaloacetic acid as the first stable product of the dark reaction
(b) The lack of photorespiration
(c) Using ATP and NADPH as assimilatory power in the dark reaction
(d) Having Kranz anatomy
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Using ATP and NADPH as assimilatory power in the dark reaction

Explanation:
1. Both types use ATP and NADPH from the light reaction in the dark reaction.

Teacher's Note:
1. C4 plants have OAA as the first product, no photorespiration and Kranz anatomy.

Question 15: Match: (a) NADP reductase (b) OEC (c) ATPase (d) RuBisCO with (i) stroma (ii) inner side of thylakoid membrane (iii) stroma side of membrane (iv) F1 part.
(a) a-i, b-iii, c-ii, d-iv
(b) a-i, b-iii, c-iv, d-ii
(c) a-iii, b-ii, c-iv, d-i
(d) a-iii, b-iv, c-ii, d-i
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) a-iii, b-ii, c-iv, d-i

Explanation:
1. NADP reductase is on the stroma side of the membrane, the OEC is on the inner (lumen) side, ATPase has its F1 part, and RuBisCO is in the stroma.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 16: Which of the following will not help in the creation of the proton gradient for ATP formation?
(a) Accumulation of protons in the thylakoid lumen
(b) Photolysis of water in the thylakoid
(c) Activation of NADP reductase
(d) Decrease in acidic level in the thylakoid lumen
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Decrease in acidic level in the thylakoid lumen

Explanation:
1. A decrease in acidity of the lumen would reduce the gradient.

Teacher's Note:
1. Proton accumulation, water splitting and NADP reductase (which uses protons on the stroma side) all increase the gradient.

Question 17: Select the correct option with respect to factor and its effect on plants:
(a) Temperature 30-40 C: photosynthesis increases in C3 and decreases in C4 plants
(b) CO2 concentration of 400-450 ul/L: C3 plants show a CO2 fertiliser effect and C4 plants do not
(c) High O2 concentration: photosynthesis increases in C3 and decreases in C4 plants
(d) Light saturation: at 20% of full sunlight in C3 and more than 50% of full sunlight in C4 plants
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) CO2 concentration of 400-450 ul/L: C3 plants show a CO2 fertiliser effect and C4 plants do not

Explanation:
1. Above 400 ul/L the C4 plants are already saturated, while C3 plants respond to higher CO2.

Teacher's Note:
1. C3 plants saturate at 10% of full sunlight and C4 plants show saturation at higher light.

Question 18: A plant is growing at the light compensation point. Which statement is correct?
(a) At this time light can never be a limiting factor
(b) Catabolic breakdown of C-C bonds in respiration is equal to anabolic synthesis of C-C bonds in photosynthesis
(c) Increase in CO2 concentration can overcome the light compensation point
(d) 10% of full sunlight is the light compensation point
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Catabolic breakdown of C-C bonds in respiration is equal to anabolic synthesis of C-C bonds in photosynthesis

Explanation:
1. At the compensation point the CO2 released in respiration equals the CO2 fixed in photosynthesis, so there is no net gain.

Teacher's Note:
1. Light is limiting at this point.

Question 19: Photolysis of water means:
(a) Oxidation of water
(b) Reduction of NADP+
(c) Evolution of H2 from plant
(d) Reduction of PS II
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Oxidation of water

Explanation:
1. Photolysis is the light-driven splitting of water into protons, electrons and oxygen, which is the oxidation of water.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 20: In 614CO216 + 12H2O18 gives 14C6H12O616 + 6H2O16 + 6O218 in light, which statement cannot be explained from the equation?
(a) There are two steps involved in photosynthesis, the light reaction and the dark reaction
(b) CO2 is the source of oxygen for both carbohydrate and water
(c) Water is the source of O2 released
(d) Photosynthesis involves reduction of CO2
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) There are two steps involved in photosynthesis, the light reaction and the dark reaction

Explanation:
1. The labelled equation shows the source of oxygen, so statements 2, 3 and 4 follow from it.

Teacher's Note:
1. The division into light and dark reactions cannot be deduced from the equation.

Question 21: C3 plants differ from C4 plants in:
(a) Presence of RuBisCO in mesophyll cells
(b) Presence of the C3 cycle
(c) Presence of dimorphic chloroplasts
(d) Formation of PGA in the Calvin cycle
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Presence of RuBisCO in mesophyll cells

Explanation:
1. In C3 plants RuBisCO is in mesophyll chloroplasts, whereas in C4 plants it is in the bundle sheath cells only.

Teacher's Note:
1. Both have the Calvin cycle and form PGA, and dimorphic chloroplasts are found in C4 plants.

Question 22: Find the odd one out with respect to C4 plants:
(a) Maize
(b) Sorghum
(c) Bell pepper
(d) Sugarcane
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Bell pepper

Explanation:
1. Maize, sorghum and sugarcane are C4 plants, whereas bell pepper is a C3 plant.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

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