NEET Biology Photosynthesis in Higher Plants MCQs Set 22

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: A very efficient converter of solar energy with net productivity of 2-4 kg/m2 or more is the crop of
(a) wheat
(b) sugarcane
(c) rice
(d) bajra
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) sugarcane

Explanation:
1. Sugarcane is a C4 plant that has very high productivity (2 to 4 kg per square metre).

Teacher's Note:
1. C4 plants lack photorespiration.
2. They suit high temperature.

Question 2: In C4-plants, Calvin cycle operates in
(a) stroma of bundle sheath chloroplasts
(b) grana of bundle sheath chloroplasts
(c) grana of mesophyll chloroplasts
(d) stroma of mesophyll chloroplasts
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) stroma of bundle sheath chloroplasts

Explanation:
1. In C4 plants the Calvin cycle operates in the stroma of bundle sheath chloroplasts.

Teacher's Note:
1. The C4 cycle is in the mesophyll.
2. Kranz anatomy separates them.

Question 3: The substrate for photorespiration is
(a) ribulose bis-phosphate
(b) glycolate
(c) serine
(d) glycine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) glycolate

Explanation:
1. Glycolate is the substrate of photorespiration; it is formed by RuBP oxygenase activity.

Teacher's Note:
1. Oxygenation of RuBP gives glycolate.
2. Glycolate passes to peroxisomes.

Question 4: Greatest producers of organic matter are
(a) crop plants
(b) forests
(c) plants of the land area
(d) phytoplankton of oceans
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) phytoplankton of oceans

Explanation:
1. Phytoplankton of the oceans are the greatest producers of organic matter on earth.

Teacher's Note:
1. Oceans cover most of the earth.
2. Land plants contribute less.

Question 5: The first carbon dioxide acceptor in C 4plants is
(a) phosphoenol-pyruvate
(b) ribulose 1,5-diphosphate
(c) oxalo acetic acid
(d) phosphoglyceric acid PHOTOSYN NTHESIS IN HIGHER PLANTS
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) phosphoenol-pyruvate

Explanation:
1. PEP (phosphoenol pyruvate) is the first CO2 acceptor in C4 plants, forming oxaloacetate.

Teacher's Note:
1. RuBP is the acceptor in C3 plants.
2. PEP carboxylase is the enzyme.

Question 6: Kranz anatomy is typical of
(a) C4-plants
(b) C3-plants
(c) C2-plants
(d) CAM plants
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) C4-plants

Explanation:
1. Kranz anatomy (bundle sheath around the vascular bundles) is typical of C4 plants.

Teacher's Note:
1. C3 plants do not have it.
2. Maize and sugarcane have it.

Question 7: Ferredoxin is a constituent of
(a) PS-I
(b) PS-II
(c) Hill reaction
(d) P680
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) PS-I

Explanation:
1. Ferredoxin is an iron-sulphur protein in photosystem I that passes electrons to NADP+.

Teacher's Note:
1. P680 is the reaction centre of PS II.
2. Hill reaction involves the splitting of water.

Question 8: During monsoon, the rice crop of Eastern states of India shows lesser yield due to limiting factor of
(a) CO2
(b) light
(c) temperature
(d) water
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) light

Explanation:
1. During the monsoon, clouds reduce the light intensity, so light is the limiting factor for the rice crop.

Teacher's Note:
1. CO2 and water are enough.
2. The limiting factor is the factor in shortest supply.

Question 9: Dark reactions of photosynthesis occur in
(a) granal thylakoid membranes
(b) stromal lamella membranes
(c) stroma outside photosynthetic lamellae
(d) periplastidial space
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) stroma outside photosynthetic lamellae

Explanation:
1. Dark (biosynthetic) reactions occur in the stroma, outside the thylakoids.

Teacher's Note:
1. Light reactions occur in the grana.
2. The enzyme RuBisCO is in the stroma.

Question 10: Photosynthetic pigments found in the chloroplasts occur in
(a) thylakoid membranes
(b) plastoglobules
(c) matrix
(d) chloroplast envelope
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) thylakoid membranes

Explanation:
1. Photosynthetic pigments are embedded in the thylakoid membranes.

Teacher's Note:
1. Plastoglobules store lipids.
2. Stroma contains dark reaction enzymes.

Question 11: Which technique has helped in investigation of Calvin cycle?
(a) X-ray crystallography
(b) X-ray technique
(c) Radioactive isotope technique
(d) Intermittent light
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Radioactive isotope technique

Explanation:
1. The radioactive isotope technique (14CO2) helped Calvin and his colleagues work out the cycle.

Teacher's Note:
1. They used Chlorella.
2. Paper chromatography was also used.

Question 12: Which one is a C4 plant?
(a) Papaya
(b) Pea
(c) Potato
(d) Maize/corn
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Maize/corn

Explanation:
1. Maize (corn) is a C4 plant. Papaya, pea and potato are C3 plants.

Teacher's Note:
1. C4 plants: sugarcane, sorghum.
2. C4 plants have high yield.

Question 13: The enzyme that catalyses initial carbon dioxide fixation in C4 plants is
(a) RuBP carboxylase
(b) PEP carboxylase
(c) carbonic anhydrase
(d) carboxydismutase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) PEP carboxylase

Explanation:
1. PEP carboxylase fixes CO2 in the mesophyll cells of C4 plants.

Teacher's Note:
1. RuBisCO functions in C3 and in the bundle sheath cells.
2. Carbonic anhydrase makes bicarbonate.

Question 14: Photosystem-II occurs in
(a) stroma
(b) cytochrome
(c) grana
(d) mitochondrial surface
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) grana

Explanation:
1. Photosystem II is located in the grana (appressed regions) of the thylakoids.

Teacher's Note:
1. PS I is in the stroma lamellae.
2. The stroma has the dark reaction enzymes.

Question 15: Chlorophyll-a occurs in
(a) all photosynthetic autotrophs
(b) in all higher plants
(c) all oxygen liberating autotrophs
(d) all plants except fungi
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) all oxygen liberating autotrophs

Explanation:
1. Chlorophyll a is found in all oxygen-releasing autotrophs (plants, algae, cyanobacteria).

Teacher's Note:
1. Photosynthetic bacteria have bacteriochlorophyll.
2. It is the primary pigment.

Question 16: A photosynthesizing plant is releasing 18O more than the normal. The plant must have been supplied with
(a) O3
(b) H2O with 18O
(c) CO2 with 18O
(d) C6H12O6 with 18O
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) H2O with 18O

Explanation:
1. The oxygen released in photosynthesis comes from water. Plants given H218O release 18O2.

Teacher's Note:
1. Van Niel and Ruben showed this.
2. CO2 gives the oxygen of sugar.

Question 17: C4-cycle was discovered by
(a) Hatch and Slack
(b) Calvin
(c) Hill
(d) Arnon
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Hatch and Slack

Explanation:
1. The C4 cycle (Hatch and Slack cycle) was discovered by Hatch and Slack.

Teacher's Note:
1. Calvin discovered the C3 cycle.
2. Hill discovered the Hill reaction.

Question 18: Which one occurs both during cyclic and non-cyclic modes of photophosphorylation?
(a) Involvement of both PS-I and PS-II
(b) Formation of ATP
(c) Release of O2
(d) Formation of NADPH
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Formation of ATP

Explanation:
1. ATP is made in both cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation.

Teacher's Note:
1. O2 and NADPH are made only in the non-cyclic one.
2. Cyclic needs only PS I.

Question 19: Pigment acting as a reaction centre during photosynthesis is
(a) carotene
(b) phytochrome
(c) P700
(d) cytochrome
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) P700

Explanation:
1. P700 is the reaction centre of photosystem I, the pigment that acts as the primary electron donor.

Teacher's Note:
1. Carotene is an accessory pigment.
2. Phytochrome is a photoreceptor for development.

Question 20: Nine-tenth of all photosynthesis of world (8590%) is carried out by
(a) large trees with millions of branches and leaves
(b) algae of the ocean
(c) chlorophyll containing ferns of the forest
(d) scientists in the laboratories
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) algae of the ocean

Explanation:
1. About 90% of the world's photosynthesis is by marine algae (phytoplankton).

Teacher's Note:
1. The ocean covers 70% of the earth.
2. Land plants contribute the rest.

Question 21: Which one of the following is represented by Calvin cycle?
(a) Reductive carboxylation
(b) Oxidative carboxylation
(c) Photophosphorylation
(d) Oxidative phosphorylation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Reductive carboxylation

Explanation:
1. The Calvin cycle shows reductive carboxylation, where CO2 is fixed and reduced to sugar.

Teacher's Note:
1. It requires ATP and NADPH.
2. It is also called the C3 cycle.

Question 22: The principle of limiting factors was proposed by
(a) Blackmann
(b) Hill
(c) Arnon
(d) Liebig
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Blackmann

Explanation:
1. The principle of limiting factors was proposed by Blackman (1905).

Teacher's Note:
1. Liebig gave the law of minimum.
2. Hill discovered the Hill reaction.

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Practice MCQs for NEET Biology Photosynthesis In Higher Plants

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