NEET Biology Organisms and Populations MCQs Set 15

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology: Organisms and Populations

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: The concept that population tends to increase geometrically while food supply increases arithmetically was put forward by
(a) Stuart Mill
(b) Adam Smith
(c) Charles Darwin
(d) Thomas Malthus
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Thomas Malthus

Explanation:
1. Malthus proposed that population grows geometrically while food supply grows only arithmetically.

Teacher's Note:
1. This idea influenced Darwin.
2. Malthus is linked to population and food.

Question 2: In India, human population is heavily weighed towards the younger age groups as a result of
(a) short life span of many individuals and low birth rate
(b) long life span of many individuals and low birth rate
(c) short life span of many individuals and high birth rate
(d) long life span of many individuals and high birth rate
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) short life span of many individuals and high birth rate

Explanation:
1. In India a high birth rate with a short average life span gives a large number of young people, so the age pyramid is broad at the base.

Teacher's Note:
1. Age structure is shown as pyramids.
2. A broad base means many young people.

Question 3: What is the most important factor for the success of animal population ?
(a) Natality
(b) Unlimited food
(c) Adaptability
(d) Inter-species activity
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Adaptability

Explanation:
1. Adaptability to the environment is the most important factor for the success of a population, since adapted individuals survive and reproduce.

Teacher's Note:
1. Food and natality are important but depend on adaptation.
2. Adaptation decides success.

Question 4: Two opposite forces operate in the growth and development of every population. One of them is related to the ability to reproduce at a given rate. The force opposing to it is called
(a) biotic control
(b) mortality
(c) fecundity
(d) environmental resistance
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) environmental resistance

Explanation:
1. Biotic potential (reproduction) is opposed by environmental resistance, such as limited food, predators and disease.

Teacher's Note:
1. Together they decide the population size.
2. Environmental resistance opposes growth.

Question 5: Genetic drift operates only in
(a) island populations
(b) smaller populations
(c) larger populations
(d) Mendelian populations
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) smaller populations

Explanation:
1. Genetic drift is a random change in allele frequency and it operates mainly in small populations, because chance has a larger effect.

Teacher's Note:
1. In large populations the effect is averaged out.
2. Small populations show drift.

Question 6: Certain characteristic demographic features of developing countries are
(a) high fertility, low or rapidly falling mortality rate, rapid population growth and a very young age distribution
(b) high fertility, high density, rapidly rising mortality rate and a very young age distribution
(c) high infant mortality, low fertility, uneven population growth and a very young age distribution
(d) high mortality, high density, uneven population growth and a very old age distribution
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) high fertility, low or rapidly falling mortality rate, rapid population growth and a very young age distribution

Explanation:
1. Developing countries show high fertility, a falling mortality rate, rapid population growth and a very young age distribution.

Teacher's Note:
1. This gives a broad-based age pyramid.
2. Think of an expanding population.

Question 7: The formula for exponential population growth is
(a) dt/dN = rN
(b) dN/rN = dt
(c) rN/dN = dt
(d) dN/dt = rN
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) dN/dt = rN

Explanation:
1. Exponential growth is given by dN/dt = rN, where r is the intrinsic rate of natural increase.

Teacher's Note:
1. It gives a J-shaped curve.
2. Unlimited resources give exponential growth.

Question 8: Geometric representation of age structure is a characteristic of
(a) biotic community
(b) population
(c) landscape
(d) ecosystem
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) population

Explanation:
1. The age structure of a population is shown by age pyramids, a geometric representation. Communities and ecosystems do not have an age structure.

Teacher's Note:
1. It shows pre-reproductive, reproductive and post-reproductive groups.
2. Age pyramids belong to populations.

Question 9: If the mean and the median pertaining to a certain character of a population are of the same value, the following is most likely to occur
(a) normal distribution
(b) bi-modal distribution
(c) T-shaped curve
(d) skewed curve
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) normal distribution

Explanation:
1. If the mean and the median of a character are equal, the distribution is symmetrical, so it is a normal distribution.

Teacher's Note:
1. A skewed curve would have a different mean and median.
2. Normal distribution is symmetrical.

Question 10: A biologist studied the population of rats in a barn, He found that the average natality was 250, average mortality 240, immigration 20 and emigration 30. The net increase in population is :
(a) 10
(b) 15
(c) 05
(d) zero
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) zero

Explanation:
1. Net increase = natality - mortality + immigration - emigration = 250 - 240 + 20 - 30 = 0.

Teacher's Note:
1. Natality and immigration add, whereas mortality and emigration subtract.
2. Use the formula for population change.

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Practice MCQs for NEET Biology Organisms and Populations

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FAQs

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