NEET Biology Neural Control and Coordination MCQs Set 20

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Chapter-wise Objective Questions: Neural Control and Coordination

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: The part of the brain involved in interpretation, storage of information and initiation of response based on past experience is the association area. It is:
(a) A. neither sensory nor motor, B. memory bank, C. motor area, D. sensory area: C and D
(b) A and B
(c) B and D
(d) B and C
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) A and B

Explanation:
1. Association areas are neither sensory nor motor
2. They integrate information and act as a memory bank.

Teacher's Note:
1. They are in the cerebral cortex.

Question 2: Transmission of a nerve impulse across a ______ is very similar to impulse conduction along a single axon.
(a) Node of Ranvier
(b) Chemical synapse
(c) Electrical synapse
(d) Myelin sheath
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Electrical synapse

Explanation:
1. At electrical synapses the membranes are close and current flows directly, much like conduction along an axon.

Teacher's Note:
1. Electrical synapses are rare in humans.

Question 3: In the mechanism of vision, the action potential is developed in:
(a) Pigmented layer of retina
(b) Photoreceptor cells
(c) Ganglion cells
(d) Optic nerve
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Ganglion cells

Explanation:
1. Photoreceptors produce graded potentials
2. The action potentials are generated in the ganglion cells and carried by the optic nerve.

Teacher's Note:
1. Photoreceptors do not fire action potentials.

Question 4: Grey matter gives a greyish appearance due to a high concentration of:
(a) Axons
(b) Myelin sheath
(c) Cell bodies
(d) Dendrons
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Cell bodies

Explanation:
1. Grey matter has many neuron cell bodies and few myelinated fibres.

Teacher's Note:
1. White matter has myelinated fibres.

Question 5: The medulla contains centres which control:
(a) Respiration
(b) Cardiovascular reflexes
(c) Gastric secretion
(d) All of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All of these

Explanation:
1. The medulla oblongata has centres for respiration, cardiovascular reflexes and gastric secretions.

Teacher's Note:
1. Vital reflexes are controlled by the medulla.

Question 6: Along with which structure is the limbic system involved in regulating sexual behaviour, emotional reactions and motivation?
(a) Thalamus
(b) Association area
(c) Corpus callosum
(d) Hypothalamus
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Hypothalamus

Explanation:
1. The limbic system works along with the hypothalamus in regulating sexual behaviour, emotion and motivation.

Teacher's Note:
1. Hypothalamus also controls temperature.

Question 7: The inner parts of the cerebral hemispheres and associated deep structures form the limbic system. These deep structures include: A. amygdala B. hippocampus C. outer parts of cerebral cortex D. association area
(a) A and D
(b) A and B
(c) A and C
(d) C and D
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) A and B

Explanation:
1. The amygdala and hippocampus are deep structures of the limbic system.

Teacher's Note:
1. The limbic lobe is formed by the inner cortex.

Question 8: Short fibres which branch repeatedly, project out of the cell body and contain Nissl granules are called:
(a) Dendrites
(b) Cyton
(c) Axon
(d) Axon terminals
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Dendrites

Explanation:
1. Dendrites are short branched fibres with Nissl granules.

Teacher's Note:
1. The axon lacks Nissl granules.

Question 9: The photopigments of the human eye are made of opsin (a protein) and retinal, which is formed from:
(a) An aldehyde of vitamin A
(b) A ketone of vitamin A
(c) An aldehyde of vitamin D
(d) A ketone of vitamin D
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) An aldehyde of vitamin A

Explanation:
1. Retinal is the aldehyde of vitamin A.

Teacher's Note:
1. Vitamin A deficiency causes night blindness.

Question 10: At the base of the cochlea, the scala vestibuli ends at the ______, while the scala tympani terminates at the ______, which opens to the middle ear.
(a) Oval window, round window
(b) Round window, oval window
(c) Circular window, oval window
(d) Round window, circular window
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Oval window, round window

Explanation:
1. The scala vestibuli ends at the oval window and the scala tympani ends at the round window.

Teacher's Note:
1. The oval window connects to the stapes.

Question 11: In the mechanism of hearing, impulses are transmitted by afferent fibres. Which part of the hair cells is in close contact with the afferent nerve fibres?
(a) Basal end of hair cell
(b) Apical part of hair cell
(c) Any part of hair cell
(d) Stereocilia
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Basal end of hair cell

Explanation:
1. The basal end of the hair cells synapses with afferent fibres of the auditory nerve.

Teacher's Note:
1. Stereocilia face the tectorial membrane.

Question 12: The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to the ______, which helps in equalising pressure on either side of the ______.
(a) Pharynx, basilar membrane
(b) Pharynx, tympanic membrane
(c) Buccal cavity, Reissner's membrane
(d) Buccal cavity, tympanic membrane
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Pharynx, tympanic membrane

Explanation:
1. The Eustachian tube links the middle ear to the pharynx and equalises pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane.

Teacher's Note:
1. It prevents ear damage from pressure changes.

Question 13: What is true regarding the mechanism of hearing?
(a) Movement of hair cells bends the basilar membrane against the tectorial membrane
(b) Movement of the basilar membrane bends the tectorial membrane against hair cells
(c) Movement of the tectorial membrane bends hair cells against the basilar membrane
(d) Movement of the basilar membrane bends the hair cells, pressing them against the tectorial membrane
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Movement of the basilar membrane bends the hair cells, pressing them against the tectorial membrane

Explanation:
1. Waves in the endolymph move the basilar membrane, which bends the hair cells against the tectorial membrane and generates impulses.

Teacher's Note:
1. Hair cells are the sensory cells.

Question 14: The specific receptors of the vestibular apparatus responsible for balance and posture are: A. organ of Corti B. crista C. macula D. cochlea
(a) A and D
(b) B and C
(c) A and C
(d) C and D
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) B and C

Explanation:
1. The crista (in the ampullae of semicircular canals) and macula (in utricle and saccule) are the vestibular receptors.

Teacher's Note:
1. The organ of Corti is for hearing.

Question 15: Which statements are correct? (i) Impulse transmission through an electrical synapse is slower than through a chemical synapse. (ii) Unmyelinated fibres are common in ANS and somatic neural systems. (iii) Multipolar neurons are found in the cerebral cortex. (iv) Neural organisation is very simple in humans.
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (iii)
(d) (ii) and (iii)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) (ii) and (iii)

Explanation:
1. Electrical synapses are faster, and the human nervous system is highly complex
2. Statements (ii) and (iii) are correct.

Teacher's Note:
1. Multipolar neurons have one axon and many dendrites.

Question 16: The neuron is specific for which characters?
(a) Modification, destruction and transmission of stimuli
(b) Detection, receiving and transmission of stimuli
(c) Formation, destruction and transmission of stimuli
(d) Modification, receiving and destruction of stimuli
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Detection, receiving and transmission of stimuli

Explanation:
1. Neurons detect, receive and transmit stimuli.

Teacher's Note:
1. They are the structural and functional units of the nervous system.

Question 17: Which statement is true for nerve conduction?
(a) During the resting stage the axonal membrane is less permeable to K+ and more permeable to Na+
(b) The concentration gradient is generated when ions are actively transported by the Na+-K+ pump
(c) During transmission of the impulse Na+ efflux continues
(d) The rise in stimulus-induced permeability to Na+ is long lived
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) The concentration gradient is generated when ions are actively transported by the Na+-K+ pump

Explanation:
1. The Na+-K+ pump actively transports ions to create the concentration gradients across the axonal membrane.

Teacher's Note:
1. At rest the membrane is more permeable to K+.

Question 18: Transmission of a nerve impulse is unidirectional due to:
(a) Insulation of the nerve fibre by the medullary sheath
(b) Neurotransmitter release only at the axon ending
(c) Neurotransmitter release only at dendrite ends
(d) The sodium pump starting from the cyton and proceeding to axon ends
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Neurotransmitter release only at the axon ending

Explanation:
1. Neurotransmitters are released only at axon terminals, so a synapse transmits impulses in one direction.

Teacher's Note:
1. Presynaptic to postsynaptic.

Question 19: Arrange the steps of synaptic transmission: (a) action of cholinesterase decomposes ACh into choline and acetate (b) action potential causes entry of Ca2+ into axon terminals (c) EPSP development causes opening of Na+ channels (d) release of ACh into the synaptic cleft after vesicles burst
(a) d, c, b, a
(b) b, d, c, a
(c) b, d, a, c
(d) d, a, b, c
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) b, d, c, a

Explanation:
1. Ca2+ entry triggers vesicle fusion, ACh is released, it opens Na+ channels (EPSP) and cholinesterase finally breaks it down.

Teacher's Note:
1. Acetylcholinesterase ends the signal.

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