NEET Biology Neural Control and Coordination MCQs Set 19

Biology Objective Questions and Answers: Neural Control and Coordination

Review structured MCQ sets for NEET Biology Neural Control and Coordination. Built according to official NEET guidelines, these downloadable questions support daily revision and core concept reinforcement.

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: The part of the brain involved in interpretation, storage of information and initiation of response on the basis of past experience is called the association area. It is:
(A) neither sensory nor motor
(B) a memory bank
(C) a motor area
(D) a sensory area
(a) C and D
(b) A and B
(c) B and D
(d) B and C
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) A and B

Explanation:
1. Association areas are neither purely sensory nor motor; they act as the memory bank and interpret information.

Teacher's Note:
1. A neuron has dendrites with Nissl granules, a cell body (cyton) and an axon; impulses travel as action potentials, maintained by the Na+-K+ pump.
2. Resting membrane is more permeable to K+; depolarisation is due to Na+ influx.

Question 2: At least how may afferent and efferent neurons are involved is any reflex pathway ?
(a) One afferent, one efferent
(b) One afferent, one efferent and one interneuron
(c) One afferent, one efferent and two interneuron
(d) Two afferent, Two efferent and one interneuron
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) One afferent, one efferent

Explanation:
1. The simplest reflex arc (monosynaptic) has one afferent and one efferent neuron.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cerebrum has sensory, motor and association areas; hypothalamus controls temperature, hunger and thirst; medulla controls respiration and cardiovascular reflexes.
2. Limbic system includes amygdala and hippocampus and is concerned with emotion and sexual behaviour.

Question 3: Transmission of a nerve impulse across......... is very similar to impulse conduction along a single axon.
(a) Ranvier's node
(b) Chemical synapse
(c) Electrical synapse
(d) Myelin sheath
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Electrical synapse

Explanation:
1. Transmission across an electrical synapse is very similar to impulse conduction along a single axon.

Teacher's Note:
1. In the ear, the organ of Corti converts sound into impulses, while crista and macula maintain balance.
2. Rods contain rhodopsin (opsin + retinal, an aldehyde of vitamin A); white light needs equal stimulation of all three types of cones.

Question 4: In mechanism of vision, action potential is developed in :
(a) Pigmented layer of retina
(b) Photo receptor cells
(c) Ganglionic cells
(d) Optic nerve
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Ganglionic cells

Explanation:
1. In vision, action potentials are generated in the ganglion cells after processing by bipolar cells, and are carried by the optic nerve.

Teacher's Note:
1. A neuron has dendrites with Nissl granules, a cell body (cyton) and an axon; impulses travel as action potentials, maintained by the Na+-K+ pump.
2. Resting membrane is more permeable to K+; depolarisation is due to Na+ influx.

Question 5: Gray matter gives the greyish appearence due to highly concentrated :
(a) Axon
(b) Myelin sheath
(c) Cell bodies
(d) Dendron
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Cell bodies

Explanation:
1. Grey matter has the greyish colour because of the concentration of neuron cell bodies.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cerebrum has sensory, motor and association areas; hypothalamus controls temperature, hunger and thirst; medulla controls respiration and cardiovascular reflexes.
2. Limbic system includes amygdala and hippocampus and is concerned with emotion and sexual behaviour.

Question 6: The cerebral hemispheres are connected by a tract of nerve fibres called corpus callosum. These fibres are covered by :
(a) Myelin sheath or medullary sheath
(b) Unmylinated or non medullated
(c) Gray matter
(d) Neurilemma & COORDINATION
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Myelin sheath or medullary sheath

Explanation:
1. The fibres of the corpus callosum are myelinated (medullated), forming white matter.

Teacher's Note:
1. In the ear, the organ of Corti converts sound into impulses, while crista and macula maintain balance.
2. Rods contain rhodopsin (opsin + retinal, an aldehyde of vitamin A); white light needs equal stimulation of all three types of cones.

Question 7: The medulla contains centres which controls :
(a) respiration
(b) Cardiovascular reflexes
(c) Gastric secretion
(d) All of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All of these

Explanation:
1. The medulla has centres for respiration, cardiovascular reflexes and gastric secretion.

Teacher's Note:
1. A neuron has dendrites with Nissl granules, a cell body (cyton) and an axon; impulses travel as action potentials, maintained by the Na+-K+ pump.
2. Resting membrane is more permeable to K+; depolarisation is due to Na+ influx.

Question 8: Polarized and depolarized conditions of neuron are maintained by which specific ions respectively?
(a) K+ and Na+
(b) Na+ and K+
(c) Ca+2 and K+
(d) Na+ and Ca+2
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) K+ and Na+

Explanation:
1. K+ maintains the polarised (resting) state and Na+ influx causes depolarisation.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cerebrum has sensory, motor and association areas; hypothalamus controls temperature, hunger and thirst; medulla controls respiration and cardiovascular reflexes.
2. Limbic system includes amygdala and hippocampus and is concerned with emotion and sexual behaviour.

Question 9: Along with which structure limbic system is also involved in regulation of sexual behaviour, expression of emotional reaction and motivation.
(a) Thalamus
(b) Association area
(c) Corpus callosum
(d) Hypothalamus
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Hypothalamus

Explanation:
1. The limbic system together with the hypothalamus regulates sexual behaviour, emotional reactions and motivation.

Teacher's Note:
1. In the ear, the organ of Corti converts sound into impulses, while crista and macula maintain balance.
2. Rods contain rhodopsin (opsin + retinal, an aldehyde of vitamin A); white light needs equal stimulation of all three types of cones.

Question 10: The inner parts of the cerebral hemispheres and a group of associated deep structures form the limbic system. These deep structures include:
(A) amygdala
(B) hippocampus
(C) outer parts of the cerebral cortex
(D) association area
(a) A and D
(b) A and B
(c) A and C
(d) C and D
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) A and B

Explanation:
1. The amygdala and the hippocampus are deep structures of the limbic system.

Teacher's Note:
1. A neuron has dendrites with Nissl granules, a cell body (cyton) and an axon; impulses travel as action potentials, maintained by the Na+-K+ pump.
2. Resting membrane is more permeable to K+; depolarisation is due to Na+ influx.

Question 11: Motor areas, sensory areas and large regions called association areas are present in:
(A) the cerebral cortex
(B) white matter
(C) the inner part of the cerebral hemisphere
(D) grey matter
(a) B and C
(b) A and C
(c) A and B
(d) A and D
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) A and D

Explanation:
1. The cerebral cortex, also called grey matter, contains the sensory, motor and association areas.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cerebrum has sensory, motor and association areas; hypothalamus controls temperature, hunger and thirst; medulla controls respiration and cardiovascular reflexes.
2. Limbic system includes amygdala and hippocampus and is concerned with emotion and sexual behaviour.

Question 12: When the sensation for white light is produced?
(a) By various combination of cones & their photopigment
(b) When the cones are stimulated equally
(c) When the cones are stimulated unequally
(d) By various combination of rods and their photopigments
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) When the cones are stimulated equally

Explanation:
1. White light is sensed when all three types of cones are stimulated equally.

Teacher's Note:
1. In the ear, the organ of Corti converts sound into impulses, while crista and macula maintain balance.
2. Rods contain rhodopsin (opsin + retinal, an aldehyde of vitamin A); white light needs equal stimulation of all three types of cones.

Question 13: Short fibers which branch repeatdly, project out of cell body and also contains Nissl's granules called
(a) Dendrites
(b) Cyton
(c) Axon
(d) Axon terminale
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Dendrites

Explanation:
1. Dendrites are short, repeatedly branching fibres that contain Nissl granules.

Teacher's Note:
1. A neuron has dendrites with Nissl granules, a cell body (cyton) and an axon; impulses travel as action potentials, maintained by the Na+-K+ pump.
2. Resting membrane is more permeable to K+; depolarisation is due to Na+ influx.

Question 14: The photosensitive compounds (Photopigments) in the human eyes are composed of opsin (a protein) and retinal this retinal is formed by :
(a) an aldehyde of vitamin -A
(b) a ketone of vitamin -A
(c) an aldehyde of vitamin -D
(d) a ketone of vitamin -D
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) an aldehyde of vitamin -A

Explanation:
1. Retinal is an aldehyde of vitamin A.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cerebrum has sensory, motor and association areas; hypothalamus controls temperature, hunger and thirst; medulla controls respiration and cardiovascular reflexes.
2. Limbic system includes amygdala and hippocampus and is concerned with emotion and sexual behaviour.

Question 15: At the base of cochlea, the scala vestibuli ends at....., where as scala tympani terminates at the ....... which opens to the middle ear.
(a) oval window, round window
(b) round window, oval window
(c) circular window, oval window
(d) round window, circular window
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) oval window, round window

Explanation:
1. At the base of the cochlea, the scala vestibuli ends at the oval window and the scala tympani at the round window, which opens into the middle ear.

Teacher's Note:
1. In the ear, the organ of Corti converts sound into impulses, while crista and macula maintain balance.
2. Rods contain rhodopsin (opsin + retinal, an aldehyde of vitamin A); white light needs equal stimulation of all three types of cones.

Question 16: In mechanism of hearing, impulses are trasnsmitted by afferent fibres via auditory nerves to the auditory cortex of the brain, which cells remain inthe close contact with the afferent nerves fibres.
(a) Basal end of hair cell.
(b) Apical part of each hair cell.
(c) Any part of hair cells.
(d) Stereocilia of hair cells.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Basal end of hair cell.

Explanation:
1. The basal end of each hair cell is in close contact with the afferent nerve fibres.

Teacher's Note:
1. A neuron has dendrites with Nissl granules, a cell body (cyton) and an axon; impulses travel as action potentials, maintained by the Na+-K+ pump.
2. Resting membrane is more permeable to K+; depolarisation is due to Na+ influx.

Question 17: Which one is incorrect statement regarding ear :
(a) Each semicircular canal lies in a different plane at right angles to each other.
(b) The membranous semicircular canals are suspended in endolymph of bony canals
(c) Saccule & utricle contains a projecting ridge called macula
(d) Crista & macula are the specific receptors of the vestibular apparatus responsible for balance & posture.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) The membranous semicircular canals are suspended in endolymph of bony canals

Explanation:
1. The membranous labyrinth is suspended in perilymph of the bony canals and contains endolymph, so statement 2 is incorrect.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cerebrum has sensory, motor and association areas; hypothalamus controls temperature, hunger and thirst; medulla controls respiration and cardiovascular reflexes.
2. Limbic system includes amygdala and hippocampus and is concerned with emotion and sexual behaviour.

Question 18: Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to ........ which helps in equalising the pressure on either side of...........
(a) Pharynx, basilar membrane
(b) Pharynx, tympanic membrane
(c) Buccal cavity, reissner's membrane
(d) Buccal cavity, tympanic membrane
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Pharynx, tympanic membrane

Explanation:
1. The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear with the pharynx and equalises pressure on either side of the tympanic membrane.

Teacher's Note:
1. In the ear, the organ of Corti converts sound into impulses, while crista and macula maintain balance.
2. Rods contain rhodopsin (opsin + retinal, an aldehyde of vitamin A); white light needs equal stimulation of all three types of cones.

Question 19: What is true regarding mechanism of hearing
(a) The movements of hair cells bend basilar membrane, pressing it against the tectorial membrane
(b) The movements of basilar membrane bend the tectorial membrane pressing it against hair cells
(c) The movements of tectorial membrane bend the hair cells pressing it against the basilar membrane
(d) The movements of basilar membrane bend the hair cells pressing them against the tectorial membrane
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) The movements of basilar membrane bend the hair cells pressing them against the tectorial membrane

Explanation:
1. Movement of the basilar membrane bends the hair cells and presses them against the tectorial membrane, generating impulses.

Teacher's Note:
1. A neuron has dendrites with Nissl granules, a cell body (cyton) and an axon; impulses travel as action potentials, maintained by the Na+-K+ pump.
2. Resting membrane is more permeable to K+; depolarisation is due to Na+ influx.

Question 20: The specific receptors of the vestibular apparatus responsible for maintenance of balance of the body and posture are:
(A) organ of Corti (B) crista (C) macula (D) cochlea
(a) A and D
(b) B and C
(c) A and C
(d) C and D
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) B and C

Explanation:
1. Crista in the ampullae and macula in the utricle and saccule are the receptors of balance and posture.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cerebrum has sensory, motor and association areas; hypothalamus controls temperature, hunger and thirst; medulla controls respiration and cardiovascular reflexes.
2. Limbic system includes amygdala and hippocampus and is concerned with emotion and sexual behaviour.

Question 21: In an accident, a person's brain was injured due to which body temperature, hunger and water balance are not being regulated. Which one of the following parts of his brain is affected ?
(a) Medulla oblongata
(b) Cerebellum
(c) Hypothalamus
(d) Corpora quadrigemina
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Hypothalamus

Explanation:
1. The hypothalamus controls body temperature, hunger and thirst (water balance).

Teacher's Note:
1. In the ear, the organ of Corti converts sound into impulses, while crista and macula maintain balance.
2. Rods contain rhodopsin (opsin + retinal, an aldehyde of vitamin A); white light needs equal stimulation of all three types of cones.

Question 22: Which of the following statements are correct?
(i) Impulse transmission through an electrical synapse is slower than through a chemical synapse.
(ii) Unmyelinated nerve fibres are commonly found in the autonomic and somatic neural systems.
(iii) Multipolar neurons are specially found in the cerebral cortex.
(iv) Neural organisation is very simple in human beings.
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (iii)
(d) (ii) and (iii)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) (ii) and (iii)

Explanation:
1. Electrical synapses are faster than chemical synapses and neural organisation in humans is complex; statements (ii) and (iii) are correct.

Teacher's Note:
1. A neuron has dendrites with Nissl granules, a cell body (cyton) and an axon; impulses travel as action potentials, maintained by the Na+-K+ pump.
2. Resting membrane is more permeable to K+; depolarisation is due to Na+ influx.

Question 23: Neuron is specific for following characters like
(a) Modification, destruction and transmission of stimuli
(b) Detection, receiving and transmission of stimuli
(c) Formation, destruction and transmission of stimuli
(d) Modification, receiving and destruction of stimuli
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Detection, receiving and transmission of stimuli

Explanation:
1. Neurons detect, receive and transmit stimuli.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cerebrum has sensory, motor and association areas; hypothalamus controls temperature, hunger and thirst; medulla controls respiration and cardiovascular reflexes.
2. Limbic system includes amygdala and hippocampus and is concerned with emotion and sexual behaviour.

Question 24: Select the part of nervous system which transmit impulses from cerebrum to gastrocnemius muscle of body –
(a) Sympathetic neural system
(b) Parasympathetic neural system
(c) Somatic neural system
(d) Basal cortex of brain
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Somatic neural system

Explanation:
1. The somatic neural system relays impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles such as the gastrocnemius.

Teacher's Note:
1. In the ear, the organ of Corti converts sound into impulses, while crista and macula maintain balance.
2. Rods contain rhodopsin (opsin + retinal, an aldehyde of vitamin A); white light needs equal stimulation of all three types of cones.

Question 25: Which statement is true for nerve conduction?
(a) During resting stage axonal membrane is less permeable for K+ and more permeable for Na+.
(b) Concentration gradient generated when active transportation of ions occurs by Na+–K+ pump.
(c) During transmission of impulse Na+ out flux continuously.
(d) Rise in stimulus induced permeability to Na+ is long lived.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Concentration gradient generated when active transportation of ions occurs by Na+–K+ pump.

Explanation:
1. The Na+-K+ pump actively transports ions and generates the concentration gradients across the axonal membrane.

Teacher's Note:
1. A neuron has dendrites with Nissl granules, a cell body (cyton) and an axon; impulses travel as action potentials, maintained by the Na+-K+ pump.
2. Resting membrane is more permeable to K+; depolarisation is due to Na+ influx.

Question 26: Transmission of nerve impulse is unidirectional due to –
(a) insulation of nerve fibre by medullary sheath
(b) neurotransmitter releases only at axon ending.
(c) neurotransmitter releases only at dendrite ends
(d) sodium pump starts from cyton and proceeds upto axon ends.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) neurotransmitter releases only at axon ending.

Explanation:
1. Neurotransmitter is released only at the axon terminal, so the impulse crosses a synapse in one direction only.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cerebrum has sensory, motor and association areas; hypothalamus controls temperature, hunger and thirst; medulla controls respiration and cardiovascular reflexes.
2. Limbic system includes amygdala and hippocampus and is concerned with emotion and sexual behaviour.

Question 27: Wh ich one of t he f ollo wing groups of neurotransmitter is inhibitory in nature ?
(a) Histamine, ACh, serotonin
(b) Serotonin, Glutamate, Ach
(c) Serotonin, GABA, Dopamine
(d) GABA, Glutamate, Glycine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Serotonin, GABA, Dopamine

Explanation:
1. Serotonin, GABA and dopamine are inhibitory neurotransmitters, while glutamate and acetylcholine are excitatory.

Teacher's Note:
1. In the ear, the organ of Corti converts sound into impulses, while crista and macula maintain balance.
2. Rods contain rhodopsin (opsin + retinal, an aldehyde of vitamin A); white light needs equal stimulation of all three types of cones.

Question 28: Arrange the steps of synaptic transmission in the correct order:
(a) Cholinesterase acts on acetylcholine and decomposes it into choline and acetate.
(b) Development of an action potential causes entry of Ca2+ into the axon terminals.
(c) Development of an EPSP causes opening of Na+ channels.
(d) Release of ACh into the synaptic cleft after bursting of vesicles.
(a) d, c, b, a
(b) b, d, c, a
(c) b, d, a, c
(d) d, a, b, c
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) b, d, c, a

Explanation:
1. Ca2+ entry triggers ACh release, ACh causes EPSP by opening Na+ channels, and cholinesterase then breaks the ACh down.

Teacher's Note:
1. A neuron has dendrites with Nissl granules, a cell body (cyton) and an axon; impulses travel as action potentials, maintained by the Na+-K+ pump.
2. Resting membrane is more permeable to K+; depolarisation is due to Na+ influx.

Question 29: Cerebral cortex is referred to as gray matter due to –
(a) Fibers of tract covered by myelin sheath
(b) Presence of neuron cell bodies collection
(c) Due to presence of association area
(d) Due to (1) and (2) both
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Presence of neuron cell bodies collection

Explanation:
1. The cerebral cortex looks grey because it has a concentration of neuron cell bodies.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cerebrum has sensory, motor and association areas; hypothalamus controls temperature, hunger and thirst; medulla controls respiration and cardiovascular reflexes.
2. Limbic system includes amygdala and hippocampus and is concerned with emotion and sexual behaviour.

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Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology Neural Control and Coordination

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