NEET Biology Human Health and Diseases MCQs Set 06

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: The factor which has effect on health is :-
(a) Genetic disorders
(b) Infections
(c) Life style
(d) All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All of the above

Explanation:
1. Genetic disorders, infections and lifestyle all affect health.

Teacher's Note:
1. Health is affected by genetic disorders, infections and lifestyle; innate immunity has physical, physiological, cellular and cytokine barriers.
2. Primary response is low and slow, secondary (anamnestic) response is quick and intense because of memory cells.

Question 2: Which is required for maintenance of good health ?
(a) Balanced diet
(b) Personal hygiene
(c) Regular exercise
(d) All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All of the above

Explanation:
1. Balanced diet, personal hygiene and regular exercise all help maintain good health.

Teacher's Note:
1. HIV infects helper T cells and macrophages (macrophages act as HIV factories); ELISA is used for detection and incubation period is about 5-10 years.
2. Passive immunity gives ready made antibodies (antivenom, antitetanus serum, colostrum).

Question 3: Which is necessary for achieving good health? (a) Awareness about diseases (b) Proper disposal of wastes (c) Control of vectors (d) Maintenance of hygienic food and water
(a) a
(b) a and c
(c) b and c
(d) a, b, c and d
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) a, b, c and d

Explanation:
1. Awareness, waste disposal, vector control and hygienic food and water are all needed for good health.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cancer is treated by surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and alpha interferon is a biological response modifier.
2. Opioids come from poppy, cannabinoids from hemp and cocaine from coca (flowering plants), while ergot alkaloids such as LSD are from a fungus.

Question 4: Find out the incorrect matching with regards to innate immunity :-
(a) Physical barriers = Skin, mucosa
(b) Cytokine barriers = Interferons
(c) Cellular barriers = PMNL, neutrophils
(d) Physiological barriers = Epithelial lining
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Physiological barriers = Epithelial lining

Explanation:
1. Epithelial lining is a physical barrier, not a physiological one; physiological barriers are gastric acid, saliva and tears.

Teacher's Note:
1. Health is affected by genetic disorders, infections and lifestyle; innate immunity has physical, physiological, cellular and cytokine barriers.
2. Primary response is low and slow, secondary (anamnestic) response is quick and intense because of memory cells.

Question 5: Find the odd one out with regards to secondary immune response :-
(a) Booster
(b) Anamnestic
(c) Low intensified
(d) Develops after subsequent contact of same antigen
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Low intensified

Explanation:
1. The secondary immune response is highly intense, so 'low intensified' is the odd statement.

Teacher's Note:
1. HIV infects helper T cells and macrophages (macrophages act as HIV factories); ELISA is used for detection and incubation period is about 5-10 years.
2. Passive immunity gives ready made antibodies (antivenom, antitetanus serum, colostrum).

Question 6: H2L2 represents ............ molecule :-
(a) Antibody
(b) Antigen
(c) Pathogen
(d) Both (1) and (2)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Antibody

Explanation:
1. H2L2 describes an antibody molecule with two heavy and two light chains.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cancer is treated by surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and alpha interferon is a biological response modifier.
2. Opioids come from poppy, cannabinoids from hemp and cocaine from coca (flowering plants), while ergot alkaloids such as LSD are from a fungus.

Question 7: Which immune response / immunity is mainly responsible for graft rejection ?
(a) Cell-mediated
(b) Humoral
(c) Antibody mediated
(d) All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Cell-mediated

Explanation:
1. Graft rejection is mainly due to cell-mediated immunity (T cells).

Teacher's Note:
1. Health is affected by genetic disorders, infections and lifestyle; innate immunity has physical, physiological, cellular and cytokine barriers.
2. Primary response is low and slow, secondary (anamnestic) response is quick and intense because of memory cells.

Question 8: Antibodies are found in :-
(a) Blood
(b) Pathogen
(c) Antigen
(d) Neurons
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Blood

Explanation:
1. Antibodies are found in blood and body fluids.

Teacher's Note:
1. HIV infects helper T cells and macrophages (macrophages act as HIV factories); ELISA is used for detection and incubation period is about 5-10 years.
2. Passive immunity gives ready made antibodies (antivenom, antitetanus serum, colostrum).

Question 9: ATS provides :-
(a) Natural active innate immunity
(b) Natural passive innate immunity
(c) Artificial active acquired immunity
(d) Artificial passive acquired immunity
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Artificial passive acquired immunity

Explanation:
1. Antitetanus serum (ATS) contains ready made antibodies, giving artificial passive acquired immunity.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cancer is treated by surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and alpha interferon is a biological response modifier.
2. Opioids come from poppy, cannabinoids from hemp and cocaine from coca (flowering plants), while ergot alkaloids such as LSD are from a fungus.

Question 10: AIDS don't spread due to :-
(a) Mere touch
(b) Physical contact
(c) Body fluids
(d) Both (1) and (2)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Both (1) and (2)

Explanation:
1. AIDS does not spread through mere touch or physical contact; it spreads through body fluids.

Teacher's Note:
1. Health is affected by genetic disorders, infections and lifestyle; innate immunity has physical, physiological, cellular and cytokine barriers.
2. Primary response is low and slow, secondary (anamnestic) response is quick and intense because of memory cells.

Question 11: Incubation period for AIDS is usually :-
(a) 5–10 month
(b) 5–10 years
(c) 2–12 month
(d) 2–12 weeks
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) 5–10 years

Explanation:
1. The incubation period of AIDS is usually 5-10 years.

Teacher's Note:
1. HIV infects helper T cells and macrophages (macrophages act as HIV factories); ELISA is used for detection and incubation period is about 5-10 years.
2. Passive immunity gives ready made antibodies (antivenom, antitetanus serum, colostrum).

Question 12: Which cell acts as factory of HIV ?
(a) Macrophage
(b) TH cells
(c) TK cells
(d) N.K. cells
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Macrophage

Explanation:
1. Macrophages act as HIV factories because they continue to produce virus particles.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cancer is treated by surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and alpha interferon is a biological response modifier.
2. Opioids come from poppy, cannabinoids from hemp and cocaine from coca (flowering plants), while ergot alkaloids such as LSD are from a fungus.

Question 13: In full blown AIDS, opportunistic infections are especially caused by :-
(a) Mycobacterium
(b) Toxoplasma
(c) Viruses and fungi
(d) All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All of the above

Explanation:
1. In AIDS opportunistic infections are caused by Mycobacterium, Toxoplasma, viruses and fungi.

Teacher's Note:
1. Health is affected by genetic disorders, infections and lifestyle; innate immunity has physical, physiological, cellular and cytokine barriers.
2. Primary response is low and slow, secondary (anamnestic) response is quick and intense because of memory cells.

Question 14: "Don't die of ignorance" slogan is used to create awareness for :-
(a) AIDS
(b) Cancer
(c) Typhoid
(d) Rabies
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) AIDS

Explanation:
1. 'Don't die of ignorance' is an AIDS awareness slogan.

Teacher's Note:
1. HIV infects helper T cells and macrophages (macrophages act as HIV factories); ELISA is used for detection and incubation period is about 5-10 years.
2. Passive immunity gives ready made antibodies (antivenom, antitetanus serum, colostrum).

Question 15: Which is a safe technique to detect cancer ?
(a) Radiography
(b) CT (Computed tomography) Scanning
(c) MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
(d) Biopsy
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

Explanation:
1. MRI uses non-ionising radiation and magnetic fields, so it is a safer technique for detecting cancer than radiography or CT.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cancer is treated by surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and alpha interferon is a biological response modifier.
2. Opioids come from poppy, cannabinoids from hemp and cocaine from coca (flowering plants), while ergot alkaloids such as LSD are from a fungus.

Question 16: Most of cancers are treated by combination of:- (a) Surgery (b) Radiotherapy (c) Chemotherapy
(a) a and b
(b) a and c
(c) b and c
(d) a, b and c
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) a, b and c

Explanation:
1. Most cancers are treated by a combination of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Teacher's Note:
1. Health is affected by genetic disorders, infections and lifestyle; innate immunity has physical, physiological, cellular and cytokine barriers.
2. Primary response is low and slow, secondary (anamnestic) response is quick and intense because of memory cells.

Question 17: Cancer detection is based on :- (a) Biopsy (b) Histopathological study of tissues (c) Blood test (d) Bone marrow test
(a) a, b
(b) a, c & d
(c) a, b & c
(d) a, b, c & d
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) a, b, c & d

Explanation:
1. Cancer detection uses biopsy, histopathological study, blood and bone marrow tests.

Teacher's Note:
1. HIV infects helper T cells and macrophages (macrophages act as HIV factories); ELISA is used for detection and incubation period is about 5-10 years.
2. Passive immunity gives ready made antibodies (antivenom, antitetanus serum, colostrum).

Question 18: Which type of radiations can cause DNA damage leading to neoplastic transformation ? (a) Ionising radiations (b) X-rays (c) Non-ionising radiations (d) UV-rays
(a) a and c
(b) b and d
(c) a and b
(d) a, b, c and d
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) a, b, c and d

Explanation:
1. Ionising radiations (X-rays) and non-ionising radiations (UV rays) can all damage DNA and cause neoplastic transformation.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cancer is treated by surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and alpha interferon is a biological response modifier.
2. Opioids come from poppy, cannabinoids from hemp and cocaine from coca (flowering plants), while ergot alkaloids such as LSD are from a fungus.

Question 19: Which interferon is a biological response modifiers, that activates immune system for destroying tumor ?
(a) a
(b) b
(c) g
(d) Both (2) and (3)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) a

Explanation:
1. Alpha interferon is a biological response modifier that activates the immune system to destroy tumours.

Teacher's Note:
1. Health is affected by genetic disorders, infections and lifestyle; innate immunity has physical, physiological, cellular and cytokine barriers.
2. Primary response is low and slow, secondary (anamnestic) response is quick and intense because of memory cells.

Question 20: The drugs, which are commonly abused are opioid, cannabinoids and coca alkaloid. Majority of these are obtained from........., while some are obtained from .........
(a) Fungi, non-flowering plants
(b) Flowering plants, fungi
(c) Fungi, flowering plants
(d) Non flowering plants, fungi
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Flowering plants, fungi

Explanation:
1. Most commonly abused drugs come from flowering plants, while some come from fungi.

Teacher's Note:
1. HIV infects helper T cells and macrophages (macrophages act as HIV factories); ELISA is used for detection and incubation period is about 5-10 years.
2. Passive immunity gives ready made antibodies (antivenom, antitetanus serum, colostrum).

Question 21: (a) Smack (b) Diacetylmorphine (c) White (d) Odourless (e) Bitter crystalline compound (f) Extracted from latex of poppy plant Above statements/informations are correct for:-
(a) Morphine
(b) Heroin
(c) Cocain
(d) Barbiturates
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Heroin

Explanation:
1. Heroin (smack, diacetylmorphine) is a white, odourless, bitter crystalline compound made by acetylation of morphine from poppy latex.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cancer is treated by surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and alpha interferon is a biological response modifier.
2. Opioids come from poppy, cannabinoids from hemp and cocaine from coca (flowering plants), while ergot alkaloids such as LSD are from a fungus.

Question 22: The period between.......of age may be thought of as adolescence period
(a) 18-21 yrs.
(b) 12-21 yrs.
(c) 12-18 yrs.
(d) 18-25 yrs.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 12-18 yrs.

Explanation:
1. Adolescence is the period between 12 and 18 years of age.

Teacher's Note:
1. Health is affected by genetic disorders, infections and lifestyle; innate immunity has physical, physiological, cellular and cytokine barriers.
2. Primary response is low and slow, secondary (anamnestic) response is quick and intense because of memory cells.

Question 23: Which disorder is not related with smoking? (a) Lung cancer (b) Bronchitis (c) Emphysema (d) Coronary heart disease (e) Gastric ulcer (f) Urinary bladder cancer (g) Throat cancer
(a) a, b, e, g
(b) a, b, c, f, g
(c) c, d, f
(d) All are related
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All are related

Explanation:
1. Smoking is related to all the listed disorders, including gastric ulcer.

Teacher's Note:
1. HIV infects helper T cells and macrophages (macrophages act as HIV factories); ELISA is used for detection and incubation period is about 5-10 years.
2. Passive immunity gives ready made antibodies (antivenom, antitetanus serum, colostrum).

Question 24: Withdrawal syndrome is characterised by:- (a) Anxiety (b) Shakiness (c) Nausea (d) Sweating
(a) a, c
(b) b, c
(c) a, c, d
(d) a, b, c and d
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) a, b, c and d

Explanation:
1. Withdrawal syndrome includes anxiety, shakiness, nausea and sweating.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cancer is treated by surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and alpha interferon is a biological response modifier.
2. Opioids come from poppy, cannabinoids from hemp and cocaine from coca (flowering plants), while ergot alkaloids such as LSD are from a fungus.

Question 25: Which measure would be particularly useful for prevention and control of alcohol and drug abuse among adolescents ? (a) Avoid undue peer pressure (b) Seeking professional and medical help (c) Looking for danger sign (d) Education and counselling (e) Seeking help from parents and peers
(a) a, b, d
(b) a, c, d, e
(c) c, e
(d) a, b, c, d, e
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) a, b, c, d, e

Explanation:
1. Avoiding peer pressure, seeking help, looking for danger signs, education and counselling all help prevent drug and alcohol abuse.

Teacher's Note:
1. Health is affected by genetic disorders, infections and lifestyle; innate immunity has physical, physiological, cellular and cytokine barriers.
2. Primary response is low and slow, secondary (anamnestic) response is quick and intense because of memory cells.

Question 26: Which is related with ringworm ? (a) Microsporum (b) Trichophyton (c) Epidermophyton
(a) a
(b) a, b
(c) a, c
(d) a,b,c
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) a,b,c

Explanation:
1. Ringworm is caused by Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton.

Teacher's Note:
1. HIV infects helper T cells and macrophages (macrophages act as HIV factories); ELISA is used for detection and incubation period is about 5-10 years.
2. Passive immunity gives ready made antibodies (antivenom, antitetanus serum, colostrum).

Question 27: Which disease fits the following statements?
(a) Salmonella is the pathogenic bacterium
(b) Sustained high fever (39 to 40 degrees Celsius)
(c) Intestinal perforation in severe cases
(d) Confirmed by the Widal test
(e) 'Mary Mallon' was a carrier
(a) Plague
(b) Diphtheria
(c) Typhoid
(d) Dysentery
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Typhoid

Explanation:
1. These are the features of typhoid, caused by Salmonella typhi and confirmed by the Widal test.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cancer is treated by surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and alpha interferon is a biological response modifier.
2. Opioids come from poppy, cannabinoids from hemp and cocaine from coca (flowering plants), while ergot alkaloids such as LSD are from a fungus.

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