Biology Objective Questions and Answers: Human Health and Diseases
Access targeted multiple-choice questions for Human Health and Diseases designed to align with the latest NEET academic syllabus for NEET Biology. These objective practice sets help students evaluate their conceptual understanding and improve exam readiness.
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Multiple Choice Questions
(a) fertilisation of an XX egg by a normal Y-bearing sperm
(b) loss of half of the short arm of chromosome 5
(c) loss of half of the long arm of chromosome 5
(d) trisomy of chromosome 21
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) loss of half of the short arm of chromosome 5
Explanation:
1. Deletion of part of the short arm of chromosome 5 gives a cat-like cry in infants.
2. So the correct choice is option (b).
Teacher's Note:
1. Cri-du-chat: 5p deletion.
2. It is a structural, not numerical, change.
(a) lipoproteins
(b) steroids
(c) prostaglandins
(d) glycoproteins
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) glycoproteins
Explanation:
1. Antibodies are glycoproteins (protein with attached sugar groups).
2. So the correct choice is option (d).
Teacher's Note:
1. Immunoglobulins are glycoproteins.
2. Written as H2L2.
(a) it is controlled by recessive genes
(b) it is not a fatal disease
(c) heterozygotes are resistant to malaria
(d) it is controlled by dominant genes
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) heterozygotes are resistant to malaria
Explanation:
1. Carriers (HbA HbS) have some protection against malaria, so the gene stays common where malaria is widespread.
2. So the correct choice is option (c).
Teacher's Note:
1. Balanced polymorphism.
2. Heterozygote advantage.
(a) bacteria-related diseases
(b) congenital disorders
(c) pollutant-induced disorders
(d) virus-related diseases
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) congenital disorders
Explanation:
1. Both are inherited genetic disorders present from birth (Huntington's shows later).
2. So the correct choice is option (b).
Teacher's Note:
1. Genetic means congenital.
2. Not infections.
(a) low temperature
(b) hot and humid environment
(c) eating fruits preserved in tin containers
(d) inhalation of seasonal pollen
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) inhalation of seasonal pollen
Explanation:
1. Pollen is a common allergen that triggers mast cells to release histamine in the airways of sensitive people.
2. So the correct choice is option (d).
Teacher's Note:
1. Allergens trigger asthma.
2. Pollen is seasonal.
(a) most virus-infected cells
(b) certain fungi
(c) certain types of bacteria
(d) all viruses
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) certain types of bacteria
Explanation:
1. Lysozyme breaks down bacterial cell walls, so it acts against certain bacteria.
2. So the correct choice is option (c).
Teacher's Note:
1. Lysozyme = cell wall digesting enzyme.
2. Part of physiological barriers.
(a) Erythroblastosis foetalis - X linked
(b) Down syndrome - 44 autosomes + XO
(c) Klinefelter syndrome - 44 autosomes + XXY
(d) Colour blindness - Y linked
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Klinefelter syndrome - 44 autosomes + XXY
Explanation:
1. Klinefelter syndrome has 44 autosomes plus XXY. Erythroblastosis is Rh incompatibility, Down syndrome is trisomy 21, and colour blindness is X linked.
2. So the correct choice is option (c).
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn karyotypes of syndromes.
2. Check each pair.
(a) eosinophils and lymphocytes
(b) neutrophils and monocytes
(c) neutrophils and eosinophils
(d) lymphocytes and macrophages
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) neutrophils and monocytes
Explanation:
1. Neutrophils and monocytes (which become macrophages) are the main phagocytes.
2. So the correct choice is option (b).
Teacher's Note:
1. Cellular barrier of innate immunity.
2. Lymphocytes are not phagocytic.
(a) a-ii, b-i, c-iii, d-iv
(b) a-ii, b-iii, c-iv, d-i
(c) a-i, b-ii, c-iii, d-iv
(d) a-iv, b-iii, c-ii, d-i
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) a-ii, b-iii, c-iv, d-i
Explanation:
1. Amoebiasis is prevented by clean food and water, diphtheria by DPT, cholera is treated by oral rehydration, and syphilis is caused by Treponema pallidum.
2. So the correct choice is option (b).
Teacher's Note:
1. Match one sure pair first.
2. Syphilis: Treponema.
(a) Physiological barriers
(b) Physical barriers
(c) Cytokine barriers
(d) Cellular barriers
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Physiological barriers
Explanation:
1. Saliva, tears, gastric acid and sweat are physiological barriers that inhibit microbial growth.
2. So the correct choice is option (a).
Teacher's Note:
1. Four barriers: physical, physiological, cellular, cytokine.
2. Skin is physical.
(a) Typhoid, tuberculosis
(b) Ringworm, AIDS
(c) Common cold, AIDS
(d) Dysentery, common cold
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Common cold, AIDS
Explanation:
1. Common cold (rhinovirus) and AIDS (HIV) are viral. Typhoid and TB are bacterial; ringworm is fungal.
2. So the correct choice is option (c).
Teacher's Note:
1. Classify each disease by pathogen.
2. Viral: cold, AIDS, mumps, polio.
(a) weakened germs
(b) dead germs
(c) preformed antibodies
(d) wide spectrum antibiotics
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) preformed antibodies
Explanation:
1. After an injury, ready-made antitetanus antibodies give immediate passive protection since the toxin acts fast.
2. So the correct choice is option (c).
Teacher's Note:
1. Passive immunity acts immediately.
2. Toxoid is for prevention.
(a) thymus
(b) thyroid
(c) thalamus
(d) tonsil
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) thymus
Explanation:
1. T-cells mature in the thymus.
2. So the correct choice is option (a).
Teacher's Note:
1. Thymus lies near the heart.
2. Shrinks with age.
(a) HIV enters helper T-lymphocytes and reduces their number
(b) HIV is transmitted by eating food with an infected person
(c) Drug addicts are least susceptible to HIV
(d) AIDS patients are completely cured by care and nutrition
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) HIV enters helper T-lymphocytes and reduces their number
Explanation:
1. HIV is a retrovirus that infects helper T cells, multiplies and destroys them, weakening immunity.
2. So the correct choice is option (a).
Teacher's Note:
1. HIV spreads by body fluids, not food.
2. No complete cure yet.
(a) Radiography (X-ray)
(b) Computed tomography (CT)
(c) Histopathological studies
(d) MRI scanning
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) MRI scanning
Explanation:
1. MRI uses strong magnetic fields and non-ionising radio waves, so it avoids the ionising radiation of X-ray and CT.
2. So the correct choice is option (d).
Teacher's Note:
1. Ionising radiation can damage DNA.
2. MRI is non-ionising.
(a) ELISA
(b) MRI
(c) Ultrasound
(d) Widal
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) ELISA
Explanation:
1. ELISA detects antibodies or antigens of HIV in the blood.
2. So the correct choice is option (a).
Teacher's Note:
1. ELISA = enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.
2. Confirmed later by Western blot or PCR.
(a) not an infectious disease
(b) caused by a virus
(c) caused by a Gram-positive bacterium
(d) caused by a Gram-negative bacterium
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) caused by a virus
Explanation:
1. Antibiotics act on bacteria. Rhinoviruses cause the common cold and are unaffected.
2. So the correct choice is option (b).
Teacher's Note:
1. Antibiotics do not work on viruses.
2. Rest and fluids help.
(a) tobacco (chewing)
(b) cocaine
(c) opium
(d) alcohol
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) alcohol
Explanation:
1. The liver detoxifies alcohol; long heavy use damages liver cells and causes scarring (cirrhosis).
2. So the correct choice is option (d).
Teacher's Note:
1. Liver deals with alcohol.
2. Tobacco chewing causes oral cancer.
(a) human RBCs
(b) human liver
(c) gut of female Anopheles
(d) salivary glands of Anopheles
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) gut of female Anopheles
Explanation:
1. Gametes fuse in the mosquito gut, forming a zygote that develops into sporozoites.
2. So the correct choice is option (c).
Teacher's Note:
1. Sexual cycle: in mosquito.
2. Asexual cycle: in human.
(a) rheumatoid arthritis
(b) adenosine deaminase deficiency
(c) diabetes mellitus
(d) chicken pox
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) adenosine deaminase deficiency
Explanation:
1. In 1990 a four-year-old girl with ADA deficiency (a form of SCID) received functional ADA gene lymphocytes.
2. So the correct choice is option (b).
Teacher's Note:
1. ADA deficiency affects T cells.
2. It is a monogenic disease.
(a) Each antibody molecule has four light chains
(b) Rejection of a kidney graft is the function of B-lymphocytes
(c) Preformed antibodies need to be injected to treat the bite of a viper
(d) Antibodies against the smallpox pathogen are produced by T-lymphocytes
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Preformed antibodies need to be injected to treat the bite of a viper
Explanation:
1. Snake venom acts fast, so ready-made antivenom antibodies are injected. An antibody has two light and two heavy chains, graft rejection is T-cell mediated, and antibodies come from B-cells.
2. So the correct choice is option (c).
Teacher's Note:
1. Antivenom is passive immunity.
2. T-cells do not make antibodies.
(a) erythrocytes
(b) T-lymphocytes
(c) B-lymphocytes
(d) thrombocytes
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) T-lymphocytes
Explanation:
1. T-lymphocytes attack infected cells and grafts directly.
2. So the correct choice is option (b).
Teacher's Note:
1. B-cells: humoral.
2. T-cells: cellular.
(a) Jaundice
(b) Klinefelter syndrome
(c) Sex of the foetus
(d) Down syndrome
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Jaundice
Explanation:
1. Amniocentesis tests foetal cells in amniotic fluid for chromosomal and metabolic disorders and sex, but not jaundice.
2. So the correct choice is option (a).
Teacher's Note:
1. It checks karyotype and enzyme defects.
2. Misused for sex determination; legally banned for that.
(a) mosquito bite
(b) drinking water containing eggs of Ascaris
(c) eating imperfectly cooked pork
(d) tse-tse fly
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) drinking water containing eggs of Ascaris
Explanation:
1. Ascaris eggs pass in faeces and contaminate water, vegetables and soil; swallowing them causes infection.
2. So the correct choice is option (b).
Teacher's Note:
1. Faecal-oral route.
2. Pork: tapeworm.
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology Human Health and Diseases
About Human Health and Diseases MCQs for NEET Biology
Test your conceptual understanding of Human Health and Diseases with these targeted multiple-choice questions. Designed in alignment with the latest NEET curriculum for NEET Biology, these problem sets build accuracy and prepare students for objective exams.
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Each question includes structured solution keys mapped directly to standard NEET textbooks, helping students evaluate their reasoning and correct mistakes early in their revision.
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FAQs
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By solving our NEET Biology Human Health and Diseases MCQs Set 05, NEET students can improve their accuracy and speed which is important as objective questions provide a chance to secure 100% marks in the Biology.
Yes, Biology MCQs for NEET have answer key and brief explanations to help students understand logic behind the correct option as its important for 2026 competency-focused NEET exams.
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