NEET Biology Human Health and Disease MCQs Set 07

Practice MCQs for NEET Biology Human Health and Disease

Review structured MCQ sets for NEET Biology Human Health and Disease. Built according to official NEET guidelines, these downloadable questions support daily revision and core concept reinforcement.

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: The dreadful disease which has been completely eradicated is
(a) tuberculosis
(b) malaria
(c) polio
(d) small pox
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) small pox

Explanation:
1. Small pox has been eradicated by vaccination.
2. The last case was in 1977.

Teacher's Note:
1. Vaccination eradicated it.
2. Polio is nearly eradicated.

Question 2: The main physical barrier of the body that prevents entry of microorganisms is
(a) saliva
(b) interferon
(c) tears
(d) skin and mucosal epithelium
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) skin and mucosal epithelium

Explanation:
1. Skin and the mucous lining prevent entry of germs.
2. They are physical barriers.

Teacher's Note:
1. Saliva and tears are physiological barriers.
2. Interferons are cytokine barriers.

Question 3: The polymorpho-nuclear leucocytes (PMNL) that form a cellular barrier are
(a) platelets
(b) lymphocytes
(c) neutrophils
(d) erythrocytes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) neutrophils

Explanation:
1. Neutrophils, monocytes, natural killer cells and macrophages form cellular barriers.
2. Neutrophils are PMNL.

Teacher's Note:
1. They phagocytose microbes.
2. Neutrophils are the most abundant WBCs.

Question 4: The protein secreted by virus-infected cells that forms the cytokine barrier is
(a) interferon
(b) insulin
(c) histamine
(d) heparin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) interferon

Explanation:
1. Interferons protect non-infected cells from viral infection.
2. They form a cytokine barrier.

Teacher's Note:
1. Interferon is an antiviral protein.
2. Alpha-interferon is used in cancer.

Question 5: The highly intensified second response in acquired immunity on the basis of previous memory is called
(a) primary response
(b) innate response
(c) allergic response
(d) anamnestic (secondary) response
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) anamnestic (secondary) response

Explanation:
1. A second encounter gives a rapid and strong response.
2. It is called the anamnestic response.

Teacher's Note:
1. Memory B and T cells are responsible.
2. Vaccination uses this principle.

Question 6: The structure of an antibody molecule is represented by the formula
(a) HL
(b) H4L4
(c) H2L2
(d) H2L4
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) H2L2

Explanation:
1. An antibody has two heavy and two light chains.
2. This is H2L2.

Teacher's Note:
1. The chains are joined by disulphide bonds.
2. The shape is Y-like.

Question 7: Antibody-mediated immunity and cell-mediated immunity are shown respectively by
(a) B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes
(b) neutrophils and T-lymphocytes
(c) B-lymphocytes and macrophages
(d) T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes

Explanation:
1. B cells produce antibodies in the blood (humoral).
2. T cells give cell-mediated immunity.

Teacher's Note:
1. Graft rejection is cell-mediated.
2. It is done by T cells.

Question 8: When the host's immune system is exposed to antigens and produces antibodies, the immunity is called
(a) natural passive immunity
(b) passive immunity
(c) innate immunity
(d) active immunity
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) active immunity

Explanation:
1. The host makes its own antibodies, so it is active immunity.
2. It is slow but long lasting.

Teacher's Note:
1. Active immunity develops after infection or vaccination.
2. It has memory.

Question 9: The yellowish fluid that contains IgA antibodies and protects the infant in the early days is
(a) serum
(b) colostrum
(c) bile
(d) lymph
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) colostrum

Explanation:
1. Colostrum is rich in IgA.
2. It gives passive immunity to the infant.

Teacher's Note:
1. Colostrum is the first milk.
2. The foetus gets IgG across the placenta.

Question 10: The principle of vaccination or immunisation is based on
(a) memory of the immune system
(b) phagocytosis
(c) innate immunity
(d) allergy
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) memory of the immune system

Explanation:
1. A vaccine contains weakened or inactivated pathogens.
2. The body makes memory cells.

Teacher's Note:
1. Memory gives a quick response later.
2. Jenner used cowpox.

Question 11: An exaggerated response of the immune system to certain antigens present in the environment is called
(a) tolerance
(b) allergy
(c) auto-immunity
(d) immunodeficiency
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) allergy

Explanation:
1. Allergy is a hypersensitive response to allergens.
2. IgE and histamine are involved.

Teacher's Note:
1. Dust and pollen are allergens.
2. Antihistamines relieve it.

Question 12: When the immune system attacks self cells due to genetic or unknown reasons, the condition is called
(a) auto-immunity
(b) passive immunity
(c) allergy
(d) AIDS
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) auto-immunity

Explanation:
1. The body fails to distinguish self from non-self.
2. It attacks its own cells.

Teacher's Note:
1. Rheumatoid arthritis is an example.
2. This is an auto-immune disease.

Question 13: The tissue that makes up 50 per cent of the lymphoid tissue and is located in the major tracts of the respiratory, digestive and urogenital systems is
(a) thymus
(b) mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)
(c) spleen
(d) bone marrow
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)

Explanation:
1. MALT is found in the lining of the major tracts.
2. It makes up about 50 per cent of lymphoid tissue.

Teacher's Note:
1. MALT is a part of the immune system.
2. It guards the mucous surfaces.

Question 14: Which enzyme is required in AIDS for the formation of viral DNA from viral RNA?
(a) Reverse transcriptase
(b) Ligase
(c) DNA polymerase
(d) RNA polymerase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Reverse transcriptase

Explanation:
1. HIV is a retrovirus.
2. Reverse transcriptase makes DNA from the RNA genome.

Teacher's Note:
1. The viral DNA joins the host DNA.
2. New viruses are then made.

Question 15: The infections in AIDS patients due to immunodeficiency are caused by
(a) only protozoa
(b) Mycobacterium, viruses, fungi and parasites like Toxoplasma
(c) only viruses
(d) only helminths
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Mycobacterium, viruses, fungi and parasites like Toxoplasma

Explanation:
1. A weak immune system allows opportunistic infections.
2. These include Mycobacterium, viruses, fungi and Toxoplasma.

Teacher's Note:
1. These are called opportunistic infections.
2. They cause death in AIDS.

Question 16: The phenomenon by which normal cells inhibit uncontrolled growth when they contact other cells is called
(a) contact inhibition
(b) metastasis
(c) mutation
(d) apoptosis
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) contact inhibition

Explanation:
1. Normal cells stop dividing on contact.
2. Cancer cells lose this property.

Teacher's Note:
1. Loss of contact inhibition causes tumours.
2. This gives uncontrolled growth.

Question 17: A biological response modifier that activates the immune system and helps in destroying a tumour is
(a) heparin
(b) histamine
(c) alpha-interferon
(d) insulin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) alpha-interferon

Explanation:
1. Alpha-interferon activates the immune system.
2. It helps destroy the tumour.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is used in cancer therapy.
2. It is a cytokine.

Question 18: The white, odourless, bitter crystalline compound chemically called diacetylmorphine is
(a) heroin (smack)
(b) morphine
(c) cannabis
(d) cocaine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) heroin (smack)

Explanation:
1. Heroin is diacetylmorphine, obtained by acetylation of morphine.
2. It is commonly called smack.

Teacher's Note:
1. Morphine comes from the poppy plant.
2. Heroin is a depressant.

Question 19: Receptors for opioid drugs are present in the
(a) central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract
(b) lungs only
(c) kidneys only
(d) skin only
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract

Explanation:
1. Opioid receptors are in the CNS and gut.
2. Heroin binds to them.

Teacher's Note:
1. Opioids are depressants.
2. They slow body functions.

Question 20: Marijuana, hashish, charas and ganja are examples of
(a) cannabinoids
(b) opioids
(c) coca alkaloids
(d) barbiturates
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) cannabinoids

Explanation:
1. These drugs come from the hemp plant, Cannabis sativa.
2. They are cannabinoids.

Teacher's Note:
1. They affect the cardiovascular system.
2. Cannabinoids bind to receptors in the brain.

Question 21: The coca alkaloid cocaine, native to South America, interferes with the transport of the neurotransmitter
(a) adrenaline
(b) dopamine
(c) serotonin
(d) acetylcholine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) dopamine

Explanation:
1. Cocaine interferes with dopamine transport.
2. It causes excitement and euphoria.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is obtained from Erythroxylum coca.
2. It is a stimulant.

Question 22: The first use of a drug may be out of
(a) hunger
(b) hereditary need
(c) need for medicine only
(d) curiosity or experimentation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) curiosity or experimentation

Explanation:
1. Curiosity and the urge to experiment lead to the first use.
2. Peer pressure also plays a role.

Teacher's Note:
1. Drug abuse often starts in adolescence.
2. Parents should guide them.

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Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology Human Health and Disease

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Review structured objective questions for NEET Biology Human Health and Disease. Built according to official NEET guidelines, these MCQ sets support daily revision and core concept reinforcement.

Concept Clarification for Human Health and Disease

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FAQs

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