Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology: Digestion and Absorption
Access targeted multiple-choice questions for Digestion and Absorption designed to align with the latest NEET academic syllabus for NEET Biology. These objective practice sets help students evaluate their conceptual understanding and improve exam readiness.
Practice Digestion and Absorption MCQs for NEET Biology
Access the complete set of multiple-choice questions for Digestion and Absorption below. This focused format allows students to isolate specific topics for thorough review and uninterrupted practice alongside official NEET textbooks.
Multiple Choice Questions
(a) Serosa ® Mucosa ® Submucosa ® Muscularis
(b) Mucularis ® Serosa ® Mucosa ® Submucosa
(c) Serosa ® Muscularis ® Mucosa ® Submucosa
(d) Serosa ® Muscularis ® Submucosa ® Mucosa
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Serosa ® Muscularis ® Submucosa ® Mucosa
Explanation:
1. From the outside the layers are serosa, muscularis, submucosa and mucosa.
Teacher's Note:
1. The wall of the alimentary canal from outside to inside has serosa, muscularis, submucosa and mucosa.
2. Digestion of starch begins in the buccal cavity, proteins in the stomach and fats mainly in the small intestine.
(a) Mucosal epithelium has goblet cells which secrete mucus for lubrication.
(b) Mucosa forms gastric glands in the stomach and crypts in between the bases of villi in intestine.
(c) Cells lining the villi has brush border or microvilli.
(d) All the four basic layer in the wall of gut never show modification in different parts of the alimentary canal.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) All the four basic layer in the wall of gut never show modification in different parts of the alimentary canal.
Explanation:
1. The four layers of the gut wall show modifications in different parts of the alimentary canal, so the statement that they never do is false.
Teacher's Note:
1. Brush border enzymes and goblet cell mucus form the succus entericus; bile salts emulsify fats and do not contain enzymes.
2. Fatty acids and monoglycerides form micelles, which are repackaged as protein coated chylomicrons and enter the lacteals.
(a) A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
(b) A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III
(c) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
(d) A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
Explanation:
1. Hepatic lobules are covered by Glisson's capsule, crypts of Lieberkuhn lie at the base of villi, the sphincter of Oddi guards the hepato-pancreatic duct and the cystic duct drains the gall bladder.
Teacher's Note:
1. The large intestine absorbs water and minerals but has no significant digestive function.
2. Gastric glands: chief cells secrete pepsinogen, parietal cells secrete HCl and intrinsic factor, and mucus neck cells secrete mucus.
(a) 6.8
(b) 8.6
(c) 7
(d) 9.5
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) 6.8
Explanation:
1. The optimum pH of salivary amylase action in saliva is about 6.8.
Teacher's Note:
1. The wall of the alimentary canal from outside to inside has serosa, muscularis, submucosa and mucosa.
2. Digestion of starch begins in the buccal cavity, proteins in the stomach and fats mainly in the small intestine.
(a) Oral cavity
(b) Stomach
(c) Small intestine
(d) Colon
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Oral cavity
Explanation:
1. About 30 per cent of starch is hydrolysed in the oral cavity by salivary amylase.
Teacher's Note:
1. Brush border enzymes and goblet cell mucus form the succus entericus; bile salts emulsify fats and do not contain enzymes.
2. Fatty acids and monoglycerides form micelles, which are repackaged as protein coated chylomicrons and enter the lacteals.
(a) A-II, B-III, C-I
(b) A-III, B-II, C-I
(c) A-I, B-II, C-III
(d) A-II, B-I, C-III
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) A-II, B-III, C-I
Explanation:
1. Mucus neck cells secrete mucus, peptic (chief) cells secrete pepsinogen and parietal cells secrete HCl and intrinsic factor.
Teacher's Note:
1. The large intestine absorbs water and minerals but has no significant digestive function.
2. Gastric glands: chief cells secrete pepsinogen, parietal cells secrete HCl and intrinsic factor, and mucus neck cells secrete mucus.
(a) Pancreatic hormone
(b) Intestinal hormone
(c) Pancreatic enzyme
(d) Component of intestinal juice
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Component of intestinal juice
Explanation:
1. Enterokinase is an enzyme in the intestinal juice (brush border) that activates trypsinogen to trypsin.
Teacher's Note:
1. The wall of the alimentary canal from outside to inside has serosa, muscularis, submucosa and mucosa.
2. Digestion of starch begins in the buccal cavity, proteins in the stomach and fats mainly in the small intestine.
(a) Emulsification
(b) Enzyme action
(c) Absorption by lacteals
(d) Storage in adipose tissue
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Emulsification
Explanation:
1. Bile salts first emulsify the fat into small droplets so that lipases can act on it.
Teacher's Note:
1. Brush border enzymes and goblet cell mucus form the succus entericus; bile salts emulsify fats and do not contain enzymes.
2. Fatty acids and monoglycerides form micelles, which are repackaged as protein coated chylomicrons and enter the lacteals.
(a) B - Invertase, C - Maltase, D - Lactase
(b) B - Lactase, C - Maltase, D - Invertase
(c) B - Maltase, C - Lactase, D - Invertase
(d) B - Maltase, C - Invertase, D - Lactase
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) B - Lactase, C - Maltase, D - Invertase
Explanation:
1. Lactase splits lactose into glucose and galactose, maltase splits maltose into two glucose and invertase (sucrase) splits sucrose into glucose and fructose.
Teacher's Note:
1. The large intestine absorbs water and minerals but has no significant digestive function.
2. Gastric glands: chief cells secrete pepsinogen, parietal cells secrete HCl and intrinsic factor, and mucus neck cells secrete mucus.
(a) A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
(b) A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
(c) A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
(d) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
Explanation:
1. Salivary amylase acts on starch, bile salts on lipids, rennin on milk protein and pepsin on proteins.
Teacher's Note:
1. The wall of the alimentary canal from outside to inside has serosa, muscularis, submucosa and mucosa.
2. Digestion of starch begins in the buccal cavity, proteins in the stomach and fats mainly in the small intestine.
(a) Chyme
(b) Chyle
(c) Succus entericus
(d) Gastric juice
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Succus entericus
Explanation:
1. The secretions of brush border cells and goblet cells of the small intestinal mucosa together form the succus entericus (intestinal juice).
Teacher's Note:
1. Brush border enzymes and goblet cell mucus form the succus entericus; bile salts emulsify fats and do not contain enzymes.
2. Fatty acids and monoglycerides form micelles, which are repackaged as protein coated chylomicrons and enter the lacteals.
(a) Pancreatic juice
(b) Gastric juice
(c) Intestinal juice / Succus entericus
(d) Bile
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Intestinal juice / Succus entericus
Explanation:
1. Intestinal juice (succus entericus) contains maltase, dipeptidases, lipase, nucleotidases and nucleosidases.
Teacher's Note:
1. The large intestine absorbs water and minerals but has no significant digestive function.
2. Gastric glands: chief cells secrete pepsinogen, parietal cells secrete HCl and intrinsic factor, and mucus neck cells secrete mucus.
(a) Nucleic acids to nucleotides to nucleosides to sugar and bases by nuclease, nucleotidase and nucleosidase
(b) Sucrose to glucose and fructose by sucrase
(c) Fats to diglycerides to monoglycerides by lipase
(d) Proteins, proteoses and peptones to dipeptides by trypsin, chymotrypsin and carboxypeptidase
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Fats to diglycerides to monoglycerides by lipase
Explanation:
1. Bile salts emulsify fats and activate lipases, so fat digestion by lipase is the process they aid.
Teacher's Note:
1. The wall of the alimentary canal from outside to inside has serosa, muscularis, submucosa and mucosa.
2. Digestion of starch begins in the buccal cavity, proteins in the stomach and fats mainly in the small intestine.
(a) The breakdown of most macromolecules occurs in the duodenum.
(b) Simple substances (digested food) are absorbed in the jejunum and ileum.
(c) Very significant digestive activity occurs in the large intestine.
(d) Undigested and unabsorbed substances pass on to the large intestine.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Very significant digestive activity occurs in the large intestine.
Explanation:
1. The large intestine has no significant digestive activity; it absorbs water and minerals and stores faeces.
Teacher's Note:
1. Brush border enzymes and goblet cell mucus form the succus entericus; bile salts emulsify fats and do not contain enzymes.
2. Fatty acids and monoglycerides form micelles, which are repackaged as protein coated chylomicrons and enter the lacteals.
(a) Absorption of some water, minerals and certain drugs.
(b) Nutrient absorption
(c) Secretion of mucus to lubricate faeces
(d) Temporary storage of faeces in rectum
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Nutrient absorption
Explanation:
1. Nutrient absorption occurs in the small intestine, not in the large intestine.
Teacher's Note:
1. The large intestine absorbs water and minerals but has no significant digestive function.
2. Gastric glands: chief cells secrete pepsinogen, parietal cells secrete HCl and intrinsic factor, and mucus neck cells secrete mucus.
(a) gastric secretions
(b) intestinal secretions
(c) muscular activities of different parts of alimentary canal
(d) All of these
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) All of these
Explanation:
1. Neural signals and hormones together control gastric and intestinal secretions and the muscular activity of the alimentary canal.
Teacher's Note:
1. The wall of the alimentary canal from outside to inside has serosa, muscularis, submucosa and mucosa.
2. Digestion of starch begins in the buccal cavity, proteins in the stomach and fats mainly in the small intestine.
I. Absorption of simple sugar, alcohol, some water and medicines takes place in the stomach.
II. Maximum water absorption occurs in the small intestine.
III. The small intestine is the major site of digestion and absorption of food.
IV. Fatty acids and glycerol are absorbed by lacteals.
V. Nothing is absorbed in the mouth and large intestine.
(a) I, IV and V
(b) V
(c) IV
(d) II and III
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) V
Explanation:
1. Some drugs are absorbed in the mouth and the large intestine absorbs water and minerals, so statement V is incorrect.
Teacher's Note:
1. Brush border enzymes and goblet cell mucus form the succus entericus; bile salts emulsify fats and do not contain enzymes.
2. Fatty acids and monoglycerides form micelles, which are repackaged as protein coated chylomicrons and enter the lacteals.
I. Chylomicrons are produced in the epithelial cells of the small intestine.
II. They contain triglycerides, cholesterol and phospholipids.
III. They are carbohydrate coated.
IV. Chylomicrons are released from the epithelial cells into lacteals.
(a) I and IV
(b) II and III
(c) I, II, III and IV
(d) Only III
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Only III
Explanation:
1. Chylomicrons are coated with protein, not carbohydrate, so only statement III is wrong.
Teacher's Note:
1. The large intestine absorbs water and minerals but has no significant digestive function.
2. Gastric glands: chief cells secrete pepsinogen, parietal cells secrete HCl and intrinsic factor, and mucus neck cells secrete mucus.
(a) digestion of fats
(b) absorption of proteins
(c) digestion of protein
(d) absorption of fats
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) absorption of fats
Explanation:
1. Chylomicrons are protein coated fat droplets that carry absorbed fats into the lacteals.
Teacher's Note:
1. The wall of the alimentary canal from outside to inside has serosa, muscularis, submucosa and mucosa.
2. Digestion of starch begins in the buccal cavity, proteins in the stomach and fats mainly in the small intestine.
(a) Faecal accumulation in the rectum initiates a neural reflex causing an urge for its removal.
(b) Reflex action for vomiting is controlled by medulla.
(c) Irregular bowel mo vements causes constipation
(d) In diarrhoea the absorption of food get enhanced
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) In diarrhoea the absorption of food get enhanced
Explanation:
1. In diarrhoea food moves quickly through the gut and absorption is reduced, not enhanced.
Teacher's Note:
1. Brush border enzymes and goblet cell mucus form the succus entericus; bile salts emulsify fats and do not contain enzymes.
2. Fatty acids and monoglycerides form micelles, which are repackaged as protein coated chylomicrons and enter the lacteals.
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FAQs
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