NEET Biology Digestion and Absorption MCQs Set 09

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Chapter-wise Objective Questions: Digestion and Absorption

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Which of the following hydrolyses internal phosphodiesterase bonds in a polynucleotide chain?
(a) Lipase
(b) Protease
(c) Endonuclease
(d) Exonuclease
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Endonuclease

Explanation:
1. Endonuclease is an enzyme which hydrolyses internal phosphodiesterase bonds in a polynucleotide chain.

Question 2: Brunner’s glands are present in
(a) Stomach
(b) Oesophagus
(c) Ileum
(d) Duodenum
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Duodenum

Explanation:
1. Brunner's glands are located in the submucosa of duodenum.

Question 3: The enzyme enterokinase helps in the conversion of
(a) Paracasein into casein
(b) Trypsinogen into trypsin
(c) Pepsinogen into pepsin
(d) Proteins into polypeptides
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Trypsinogen into trypsin

Explanation:
1. This option, Trypsinogen into trypsin, is the correct choice, as it agrees with the standard NCERT account of this topic.

Question 4: Activation of pro-carboxypeptidase into carboxypeptidase is brought about by
(a) Enterokinase
(b) Endopeptidase
(c) Exopeptidase
(d) Trypsin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Trypsin

Explanation:
1. This option, Trypsin, is the correct choice, as it agrees with the standard NCERT account of this topic.

Question 5: Which of the following is the function of enterogastrone?
(a) It inhibits the secretion of gastric juice
(b) It stimulates the secretion of digestive juice in the stomach
(c) It stimulates the flow of pancreatic juice
(d) It regulates the flow of bile
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) It inhibits the secretion of gastric juice

Explanation:
1. It inhibits the secretion of gastric juice.
2. Because enterogastrone is a gastric inhibitory protein, which acts on stomach and inhibits the gastric juice secretion.

Question 6: The contraction of gall bladder is caused by
(a) Cholecystokinin
(b) Enterogastrone
(c) Gastrin
(d) Secretin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Cholecystokinin

Explanation:
1. Cholecystokinin is a hormone, which acts on gall bladder and stimulates the contraction of gall bladder to release bile juice.

Question 7: The hormone that stimulates the stomach to secrete gastric juice is
(a) Enterokinase
(b) Enterogastrone
(c) Gastrin
(d) Rennin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Gastrin

Explanation:
1. This hormone is secreted in stomach and stimulates the gastric gland to secrete and release the gastric juice.

Question 8: Which part of body secretes the hormone secretin?
(a) Stomach
(b) Oesophagus
(c) Ileum
(d) Duodenum
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Duodenum

Explanation:
1. Duodenum secretes secretin which decreases the secretion of gastric juice.

Question 9: Which of the following hormones is not secreted by duodenum to inhibit the gastric motility?
(a) GIP
(b) Enterogastrone
(c) Secretin
(d) Enterokinase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Enterokinase

Explanation:
1. Enterokinase is not a hormone, it is an enzyme.

Question 10: In case of vertebrates lacteals are found in
(a) Oesophagus
(b) Ear
(c) Small intestine
(d) Ischium
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Small intestine

Explanation:
1. Lacteals are found in villi of small intestine.

Question 11: The movement of ions against the concentration gradient will be
(a) Active transport
(b) Osmosis
(c) Diffusion
(d) All of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Active transport

Explanation:
1. Active transport requires energy (ATP) for the movement of ions against the concentration gradient.

Question 12: Which one of the following is a protein deficiency disease?
(a) Kwashiorkor
(b) Night blindness
(c) Eczema
(d) Cirrhosis
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Kwashiorkor

Explanation:
1. Kwashiokor → Occurs due to deficiency of protein.
2. Night blindness → Due to deficiency of vitamin A. Eczema → Scaliness of skin due to allergy or due to deficiency of Vit.
3. B7.
4. Cirrhosis → It occurs due to deposition of fibre in liver in alcoholic person.

Question 13: Constipation can be prevented or removed by
(a) Taking more roughage
(b) Taking purgatives rich in magnesium salt
(c) Taking distilled water
(d) Both (1) & (2)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Both (1) & (2)

Explanation:
1. Constipation can be prevented by taking more roughage because it is a fibre and retains more water with it and increase the fluidity.
2. And constipation is also removed by taking purgatives rich in magnesium salt because it stimulates intestinal peristalsis and evacuation of fluid faeces.

Question 14: During prolonged fastings, in what sequence are the following organic compounds used up by the body?
(a) First carbohydrates, next fats and lastly proteins
(b) First fats, next carbohydrates and lastly proteins
(c) First carbohydrates, next proteins and lastly lipids
(d) First proteins, next lipids and lastly carbohydrates
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) First carbohydrates, next fats and lastly proteins

Explanation:
1. This is so because carbohydrate is readily combustible nutrient for providing energy and then fats will provide us energy and at last protein will provide energy because protein is actually a body building biomolecule.

Question 15: Assertion (A): Gastrectomy causes iron deficiency anaemia.
Reason (R): Hydrochloric acid secreted by oxyntic cells converts ferric into ferrous and iron is absorbed as ferrous ions.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Gastrectomy is surgical removal of stomach.

Question 16: Assertion (A): Cholagogues are substances that cause contraction of gall bladder.
Reason (R): These substances cause release of CCK-PZ from duodenum.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Cholagogues increases the secretion of bile juice.

Question 17: Assertion (A): Aptyalism patients have higher than normal incidences of dental caries.
Reason (R): Aptyalism is caused by the action of parasympathetic nervous system.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.

Explanation:
1. Aptyalism is a condition in which no saliva is produce, so there will be no lysozyme which has anti-microbial activity and prevent the person from dental caries.

Question 18: Assertion (A): In humans, duct of wirsung from pancreas combines with bile duct before opening into duodenum.
Reason (R): Blockage in duct of Wirsung will prevent the endocrine function of pancreas.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.

Explanation:
1. Blockage of duct of Wirsung will prevent exocrine function of pancreas.

Question 19: Assertion (A): Liver assist in digestion of fat.
Reason (R): Hepatic secretion contains bile salts which emulsify fat
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Liver secretes bile juice.

Question 20: Assertion (A): Gastric emptying is slowest after a fat-laden meal containing large number of triglycerides.
Reason (R): Fatty acids in chyme stimulate release of both CCK and GIP, which slow stomach emptying.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Peptide) and CCK (Cholecystokinin).

Question 21: Assertion (A): Trypsin is secreted in pancreatic juice as trypsinogen.
Reason (R): Zymogenic forms protect pancreas from autodigestion.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Trypsinogen is inactive form of trypsin.

Question 22: Assertion (A): Trypsin is an example of endopeptidase and is present in the pancreatic juice.
Reason (R): Trypsin acts on the interior peptide of a protein molecule.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Pepsin, trypsin and chymotrypsin and endopeptidase enzymes.

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Practice MCQs for NEET Biology Digestion and Absorption

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FAQs

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