NEET Biology Digestion and Absorption MCQs Set 07

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Upper molars in human dentition have
(a) Four roots
(b) Three roots
(c) Two roots
(d) Single root
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Three roots

Explanation:
1. 1 1 2 3 → Upper jaw Root formula = 1 1 1 2 → Lower jaw.

Question 2: Sphincter of Boyden which helps in the filling up of gall bladder is present in
(a) Ductus choledoccus
(b) Duct of Wirsung
(c) Ampulla of Vater
(d) Duct of Santorini
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Ductus choledoccus

Explanation:
1. Sphincter of Boyden present in ductus choledoccus (common bile duct), help in filling up of gall bladder.
2. The sphincter opens to release the bile into hepatopancreatic duct.

Question 3: Thecodont teeth are present in<br />a. Sphenodon b. Crocodiles c. Mammals d. Scoliodon
(a) c only
(b) b & c only
(c) a, b, & c only
(d) a, b, c & d
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) b & c only

Explanation:
1. Crocodiles and mammals → Thecodont teeth Sphenodon and Scoliodon → Acrodont teeth.

Question 4: Cholecystitis refers to
(a) Gall bladder
(b) Stomach
(c) Spleen
(d) Lungs
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Gall bladder

Explanation:
1. Cholecystitis refers to inflammation of gall bladder.

Question 5: Which carbohydrate splitting enzyme initiates the chemical process of digestion in the oral cavity?
(a) Lysozyme
(b) Salivary amylase
(c) Pepsin
(d) Rennin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Salivary amylase

Explanation:
1. Lysozyme, pepsin, rennin, they are not carbohydrate-digesting enzyme.
2. Salivary amylase : Only enzyme produced in buccal cavity that starts carbohydrate digestion.

Question 6: The type of cells present in the gastric glands which secretes intrinsic factor?
(a) Peptic cells
(b) Chief cells
(c) Parietal cells
(d) Both (1) & (2)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Parietal cells

Explanation:
1. Peptic cell or chief cells - Secrete pepsinogen.
2. Parietal or oxyntic cell - Secrete HCl and intrinsic factor which is essential for the absorption of Vit.
3. B12.

Question 7: The main enzymes present in the gastric juice are
(a) Trypsin, pepsin and lipase
(b) Pepsin, amylase and trypsin
(c) Pepsin, rennin and carboxypeptidase
(d) Pepsin, lipase and rennin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Pepsin, lipase and rennin

Explanation:
1. This is so because amylase found in mouth and pancreatic juice Carboxypeptidase ⎫ ⎬ found in pancreatic juice Trypsin ⎭.

Question 8: The digestion of which food component is affected if pancreas is removed?
(a) Carbohydrates
(b) Proteins
(c) Fats
(d) All of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All of these

Explanation:
1. This is so because pancreatic juice contains amylase for the digestion of carbohydrates, trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen and carboxypeptidase for the digestion of proteins and lipase for lipid digestion.

Question 9: At which site the emulsification of fat takes place?
(a) Pancreas
(b) Gall bladder
(c) Liver
(d) Duodenum
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Duodenum

Explanation:
1. The bile juice stored in gall bladder travels through bile duct to the duodenum for emulsifying the fat.

Question 10: Mark the odd one out
(a) Gastrin
(b) Trypsin
(c) Secretin
(d) Enterocrinin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Trypsin

Explanation:
1. This is so because trypsin is the enzyme and rest all are hormones.

Question 11: When a piece of bread is chewed it tastes sweet because
(a) The sugar contents are drawn out
(b) Saliva converts starch into maltose
(c) It does not taste sweet
(d) The taste buds are stimulated by chewing
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Saliva converts starch into maltose

Explanation:
1. Bread has carbohydrate (starch) which when chewed in mouth, will digested by salivary amylase and converts it into maltose, which is sugar and sweet in taste.

Question 12: Which of the following is a modification of mucosa of alimentary canal?
(a) Villi
(b) Microvilli
(c) Rugae
(d) All of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All of these

Explanation:
1. Brunner's gland is not a modification of mucosa, it is found in the submucosa of alimentary canal.

Question 13: In acute constipation, purgatives that are used to stimulate intestinal peristalsis and evacuation of fluid faeces contain salts of
(a) Sodium
(b) Magnesium
(c) Potassium
(d) Calcium
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Magnesium

Explanation:
1. For acute constipation, purgatives containing salts of magnesium are used to stimulate intestinal peristalsis and evacuation of fluid faeces as it increases the fluidity and volume of intestinal contents.

Question 14: A prolonged constipation may cause
(a) Hemorrhoids
(b) Ulcers
(c) Cholera
(d) Dysentery
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Hemorrhoids

Explanation:
1. A prolonged constipation may cause hemorrhoids due to the rupture of blood vessel (varicose vein).
2. Hemorrhoids is also known as piles.

Question 15: Pernicious anaemia is caused by the deficiency of ________ vitamin
(a) B1
(b) B12
(c) C
(d) D
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) B12

Explanation:
1. Deficiency of vitamin B12 causes pernicious anaemia.
2. It is a deadly anaemia because it is required for the maturation of RBC, DNA synthesis and myelin sheath synthesis.

Question 16: Beri-beri is due to deficiency of vitamin
(a) B7
(b) A
(c) C
(d) B1
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) B1

Explanation:
1. Beri-beri disease occurs due to the deficiency of vitamin B1 (Thiamine) In this, muscle degeneration and nerve inflammation usually occur.

Question 17: Which cells of 'Crypts of Lieberkuhn' secrete antibacterial lysozyme?
(a) Argentaffin cells
(b) Paneth cells
(c) Zymogen cells
(d) Kupffer cells
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Paneth cells

Explanation:
1. – Kupffer-cells are phagocytic cells of liver. – Zymogen cells are enzyme producing cells. – Paneth cell secretes lysozyme which acts as anti-bacterial agent. – Argentaffin cells are hormone producing cells.

Question 18: Lungs are made up of air-filled sacs the alveoli. They do not collapse even after forceful expiration, because of
(a) Residual Volume
(b) Inspiratory Reserve Volume
(c) Tidal Volume
(d) Expiratory Reserve Volume
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Residual Volume

Explanation:
1. Volume of air present in lungs after forceful expiration as residual volume which prevents the collapsing of alveoli even after forceful expiration.

Question 19: A baby boy aged two years is admitted to play school and passes through a dental check-up. The dentist observed that the boy had twenty teeth. Which teeth were absent?
(a) Incisors
(b) Canines
(c) Pre-molars
(d) Molars
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Pre-molars

Explanation:
1. Total number of teeth in human child = 20.
2. Premolars are absent in primary dentition.

Question 20: Which of the following options best represents the enzyme composition of pancreatic juice?
(a) Amylase, peptidase, trypsinogen, rennin
(b) Amylase, pepsin, trypsinogen, maltase
(c) Peptidase, amylase, pepsin, rennin
(d) Lipase, amylase, trypsinogen, procarboxy-peptidase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Lipase, amylase, trypsinogen, procarboxy-peptidase

Explanation:
1. Rennin and Pepsin enzymes are present in the gastric juice.
2. Maltase is present in the intestinal juice.

Question 21: Which of the following guards the opening of hepatopancreatic duct into the duodenum?
(a) Sphincter of Oddi
(b) Semilunar valve
(c) Ileocaecal valve
(d) Pyloric sphincter
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Sphincter of Oddi

Explanation:
1. Sphincter of Oddi guards the opening of hepatopancreatic duct into the duodenum.

Question 22: Which of the following statements is not correct?
(a) Acini are present in the pancreas and secrete carboxypeptidase
(b) Brunner's glands are present in the submucosa of stomach and secrete pepsinogen
(c) Goblet cells are present in the mucosa of intestine and secrete mucus
(d) Oxyntic cells are present in the mucosa of stomach and secrete HCl
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Brunner's glands are present in the submucosa of stomach and secrete pepsinogen

Explanation:
1. This option, Brunner's glands are present in the submucosa of stomach and secrete pepsinogen, is the correct choice, as it agrees with the standard NCERT account of this topic.

Question 23: Gastric juice of infants contains
(a) Amylase, rennin, pepsinogen
(b) Maltase, pepsinogen, rennin
(c) Nuclease, pepsinogen, lipase
(d) Pepsinogen, lipase, rennin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Pepsinogen, lipase, rennin

Explanation:
1. This option, Pepsinogen, lipase, rennin, is the correct choice, as it agrees with the standard NCERT account of this topic.

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