NEET Biology Digestion and Absorption MCQs Set 05

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Chapter-wise Objective Questions: Digestion and Absorption

View or download the dedicated Digestion and Absorption MCQ resource below. Practicing these 50 objective questions regularly builds familiarity with standard exam patterns and helps secure higher marks in final Biology evaluations.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: The conversion of large fat globules into smaller globules is:
(a) Emulsification
(b) Digestion
(c) Assimilation
(d) Specification
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Emulsification

Explanation:
1. Bile salts break large fat globules into tiny droplets, which is emulsification.

Teacher's Note:
1. Emulsification is physical and digestion is chemical.

Question 2: Micelle formation occurs in the:
(a) Enterocyte
(b) Duodenum
(c) Lacteals
(d) Pancreas
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Duodenum

Explanation:
1. Fatty acids and monoglycerides combine with bile salts to form micelles in the intestinal lumen of the duodenum, which are absorbed by enterocytes.

Teacher's Note:
1. Micelles carry the lipid products to the brush border.

Question 3: Chymotrypsinogen is produced by the:
(a) Liver
(b) Pancreas
(c) Stomach
(d) Duodenum
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Pancreas

Explanation:
1. Pancreatic acinar cells secrete chymotrypsinogen, which trypsin activates.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is a pancreatic proenzyme.

Question 4: Contraction of the gall bladder is carried out by:
(a) Citric acid and acetyl Co-A
(b) Gastrin
(c) Cholecystokinin
(d) None of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Cholecystokinin

Explanation:
1. CCK from the duodenal mucosa makes the gall bladder contract.

Teacher's Note:
1. Gastrin acts on gastric glands.

Question 5: The anti-sterility vitamin is:
(a) Vitamin B12
(b) Vitamin D
(c) Vitamin E
(d) Vitamin A
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Vitamin E

Explanation:
1. Vitamin E (tocopherol) is needed for normal reproduction in animals and is called the anti-sterility vitamin.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is also an antioxidant.

Question 6: The longitudinal muscular folds of the inner wall of the stomach are called:
(a) Papillae of Vater
(b) Rugae
(c) Villi
(d) Fissures
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Rugae

Explanation:
1. Rugae are folds of the gastric wall that allow the stomach to expand.

Teacher's Note:
1. Villi occur in the small intestine.

Question 7: Deamination occurs in the:
(a) Kidney
(b) Liver
(c) Nephron
(d) Both kidney and liver
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Liver

Explanation:
1. The liver removes the amino group from amino acids to form ammonia, which is converted to urea.

Teacher's Note:
1. Deamination is a function of the liver.

Question 8: Enterogastrone is:
(a) A hormone secreted by mucosa
(b) An enzyme secreted by mucosa
(c) A hormone secreted by the duodenal mucosa
(d) Secreted by an endocrine gland related to digestion
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) A hormone secreted by the duodenal mucosa

Explanation:
1. Enterogastrone is a hormone of the duodenal mucosa that inhibits gastric secretion and motility.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is a collective term for GIP and similar hormones.

Question 9: The part of bile juice useful in digestion is:
(a) Bile salt
(b) Bile pigment
(c) Bile matrix
(d) All of them
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Bile salt

Explanation:
1. Only bile salts help digestion by emulsifying fats. Pigments are excretory.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bile salts also help absorption.

Question 10: Pepsin is secreted from the:
(a) Lungs
(b) Stomach
(c) Salivary gland
(d) Sebaceous gland
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Stomach

Explanation:
1. Chief cells of the stomach secrete pepsinogen, which gives pepsin.

Teacher's Note:
1. Pepsin digests proteins.

Question 11: The hormone secretin stimulates:
(a) Gastric glands
(b) Pancreas
(c) Gall bladder
(d) Crypts of Lieberkuhn
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Pancreas

Explanation:
1. Secretin stimulates the pancreas to release bicarbonate-rich juice.

Teacher's Note:
1. CCK stimulates the gall bladder.

Question 12: Prorennin is secreted by:
(a) Zymogen cells
(b) Sertoli cells
(c) Islets of Langerhans
(d) Hepatocytes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Zymogen cells

Explanation:
1. Zymogen (chief) cells of the gastric glands secrete inactive prorennin in infants.

Teacher's Note:
1. HCl converts it to rennin.

Question 13: Among mammals, a significant role in the digestion of milk is played by:
(a) Rennin
(b) Invertase
(c) Amylase
(d) Intestinal bacteria
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Rennin

Explanation:
1. Rennin curdles milk casein so that it can be digested by pepsin.

Teacher's Note:
1. Rennin is present in infants.

Question 14: The pH of gastric juice is about:
(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 6
(d) 8
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 2

Explanation:
1. Gastric juice is strongly acidic with a pH of about 1.5 to 2.

Teacher's Note:
1. HCl produces this acidity.

Question 15: Which hormone helps in the secretion of HCl from the stomach?
(a) Renin
(b) Gastrin
(c) Secretin
(d) Somatostatin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Gastrin

Explanation:
1. Gastrin from G cells stimulates parietal cells to secrete HCl.

Teacher's Note:
1. Somatostatin inhibits it.

Question 16: Which of the following vitamins are fat soluble?
(a) A, B, C, K
(b) A, B, D, E
(c) A, D, E, K
(d) A, D, C, K
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) A, D, E, K

Explanation:
1. The fat-soluble vitamins are A, D, E and K.

Teacher's Note:
1. B-complex and C are water-soluble.

Question 17: The organ in the human body where glycogenolysis takes place is the:
(a) Large intestine
(b) Liver
(c) Small intestine
(d) Kidney
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Liver

Explanation:
1. Hepatocytes break down glycogen to glucose and release it into the blood.

Teacher's Note:
1. Muscle glycogen cannot supply blood glucose.

Question 18: Crypts of Lieberkuhn are found in the:
(a) Gall bladder
(b) Liver
(c) Pancreas
(d) Intestinal wall
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Intestinal wall

Explanation:
1. These tubular glands lie between the villi of the intestinal mucosa.

Teacher's Note:
1. They secrete succus entericus.

Question 19: Glisson's capsule is associated with the:
(a) Liver
(b) Pancreas
(c) Lungs
(d) Kidney
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Liver

Explanation:
1. Glisson's capsule is the connective tissue sheath of the liver and its lobules.

Teacher's Note:
1. The hepatic lobule is the functional unit.

Question 20: The main digestive function of enterokinase is:
(a) Conversion of pepsinogen into pepsin
(b) Conversion of trypsinogen into trypsin
(c) Conversion of trypsin into trypsinogen
(d) Stimulation of the gastric glands to secrete gastric juice
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Conversion of trypsinogen into trypsin

Explanation:
1. Enterokinase activates trypsinogen to trypsin in the duodenum.

Teacher's Note:
1. Trypsin then activates other proenzymes.

Question 21: Osteomalacia occurs due to deficiency of:
(a) Vitamin A
(b) Vitamin B
(c) Vitamin C
(d) Vitamin D
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Vitamin D

Explanation:
1. Lack of vitamin D reduces calcium absorption and softens adult bones.

Teacher's Note:
1. Rickets is the child counterpart.

Question 22: Vitamin B12 contains which element?
(a) Co
(b) Ni
(c) Fe
(d) None of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Co

Explanation:
1. Cobalamin contains cobalt, and so the name.

Teacher's Note:
1. Haemoglobin contains iron.

Question 23: Pancreatic juice contains bicarbonate which is secreted by:
(a) Paneth cells
(b) Goblet cells
(c) Kupffer's cells
(d) Acinar cells
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Acinar cells

Explanation:
1. The acinar and duct cells of the pancreas secrete the alkaline juice.

Teacher's Note:
1. Paneth cells are in intestinal crypts.

Question 24: Identify the false statement:
(a) The oesophagus does not secrete any enzyme
(b) The gall bladder is absent in the horse
(c) Human teeth are thecodont
(d) There are two pairs of salivary glands in humans
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) There are two pairs of salivary glands in humans

Explanation:
1. Humans have three pairs of salivary glands: parotid, submaxillary and sublingual.

Teacher's Note:
1. The other statements are correct.

Question 25: Which of the following is a water soluble vitamin?
(a) Vitamin A
(b) Vitamin B
(c) Vitamin D
(d) Vitamin E
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Vitamin B

Explanation:
1. Vitamin B complex and vitamin C are water-soluble.

Teacher's Note:
1. They are not stored much in the body.

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