NEET Biology Digestion and Absorption MCQs Set 04

Biology Objective Questions and Answers: Digestion and Absorption

Review structured MCQ sets for NEET Biology Digestion and Absorption. Built according to official NEET guidelines, these downloadable questions support daily revision and core concept reinforcement.

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: The common passage for bile and pancreatic juice is the:
(a) Ampulla of Vater
(b) Ductus choledochus
(c) Duct of Wirsung
(d) Duct of Santorini
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Ampulla of Vater

Explanation:
1. The bile duct and pancreatic duct join to form the hepatopancreatic ampulla (ampulla of Vater).

Teacher's Note:
1. The sphincter of Oddi guards its opening into the duodenum.

Question 2: Pepsinogen is secreted from:
(a) Argentaffin cells
(b) Goblet cells
(c) Chief cells
(d) Parietal cells
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Chief cells

Explanation:
1. Chief cells secrete pepsinogen, which HCl activates.

Teacher's Note:
1. Argentaffin cells secrete serotonin.

Question 3: Vitamins are:
(a) Inorganic substances and cannot be synthesised by animals
(b) Inorganic substances and can be synthesised by animals
(c) Organic substances which mostly cannot be synthesised by animals
(d) Organic substances which can mostly be synthesised by animals
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Organic substances which mostly cannot be synthesised by animals

Explanation:
1. Vitamins are organic micronutrients that most animals cannot make in sufficient amounts.

Teacher's Note:
1. Vitamin D and niacin are partly made in the body.

Question 4: Pernicious anaemia is caused by deficiency of vitamin:
(a) C
(b) B1
(c) B12
(d) B6
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) B12

Explanation:
1. Lack of vitamin B12 impairs maturation of red blood cells.

Teacher's Note:
1. Often the cause is a lack of intrinsic factor.

Question 5: Thiamine is another name for:
(a) Vitamin B2
(b) Vitamin A
(c) Vitamin B1
(d) Vitamin B complex
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Vitamin B1

Explanation:
1. Thiamine is vitamin B1 and its deficiency causes beri-beri.

Teacher's Note:
1. Riboflavin is B2, niacin B3, pyridoxine B6.

Question 6: Vitamin D is also called:
(a) Calciferol
(b) Ascorbic acid
(c) Retinol
(d) Folic acid
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Calciferol

Explanation:
1. Vitamin D is calciferol, while ascorbic acid is vitamin C and retinol is vitamin A.

Teacher's Note:
1. Skin makes vitamin D in sunlight.

Question 7: In mammals, carbohydrates are stored in the form of:
(a) Lactic acid in muscles
(b) Glycogen in liver and muscles
(c) Glucose in muscles
(d) Glycogen in liver and spleen
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Glycogen in liver and muscles

Explanation:
1. Glycogen is the animal storage polysaccharide in liver and skeletal muscles.

Teacher's Note:
1. Starch is the plant reserve.

Question 8: Beri-beri, scurvy and rickets are respectively caused by deficiency of:
(a) B, D and C
(b) B, C and D
(c) D, B and A
(d) A, D and C
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) B, C and D

Explanation:
1. Beri-beri is due to vitamin B1, scurvy to vitamin C and rickets to vitamin D.

Teacher's Note:
1. Vitamin C is needed for collagen synthesis.

Question 9: Vitamin K is required for the:
(a) Change of prothrombin to thrombin
(b) Synthesis of prothrombin
(c) Change of fibrinogen to fibrin
(d) Formation of thromboplastin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Synthesis of prothrombin

Explanation:
1. Vitamin K is needed in the liver for synthesis of prothrombin and other clotting factors.

Teacher's Note:
1. Conversion of prothrombin to thrombin needs calcium ions and thromboplastin.

Question 10: Dermatitis, diarrhoea and dementia are seen in deficiency of:
(a) Thiamine
(b) Riboflavin
(c) Niacin
(d) Folate
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Niacin

Explanation:
1. These are the 3 Ds of pellagra, caused by niacin (vitamin B3) deficiency.

Teacher's Note:
1. Pellagra also called the disease of three Ds, and a fourth D is death.

Question 11: Which is a wrong pair?
(a) Scurvy - vitamin C
(b) Rickets - vitamin D
(c) Night blindness - vitamin A
(d) Beri-beri - vitamin K
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Beri-beri - vitamin K

Explanation:
1. Beri-beri results from vitamin B1 deficiency, but vitamin K deficiency causes delayed blood clotting.

Teacher's Note:
1. Always match a disease with the correct vitamin.

Question 12: Which one is correctly matched?
(a) Vitamin E - tocopherol
(b) Vitamin D - riboflavin
(c) Vitamin B - calciferol
(d) Vitamin A - thiamine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Vitamin E - tocopherol

Explanation:
1. Vitamin E is tocopherol, D is calciferol, B2 is riboflavin and B1 is thiamine.

Teacher's Note:
1. Vitamin E is an antioxidant.

Question 13: Vitamin C is:
(a) Ascorbic acid
(b) Citric acid
(c) Phosphoric acid
(d) Glutamic acid
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Ascorbic acid

Explanation:
1. Vitamin C is ascorbic acid, water-soluble and heat-labile.

Teacher's Note:
1. Citrus fruits and amla are rich sources.

Question 14: In adults, deficiency of vitamin D causes:
(a) Rickets
(b) Beri-beri
(c) Scurvy
(d) Osteomalacia
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Osteomalacia

Explanation:
1. Adult deficiency softens bones and is called osteomalacia, while rickets occurs in children.

Teacher's Note:
1. Both conditions come from poor calcium absorption.

Question 15: Which vitamin is synthesised in the animal body by bacteria?
(a) C
(b) A
(c) E
(d) B12
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) B12

Explanation:
1. Intestinal bacteria synthesise vitamin B12, vitamin K and some other B vitamins.

Teacher's Note:
1. Vitamin K is also made by gut bacteria.

Question 16: Which of the following does NOT belong to the vitamin B group?
(a) Riboflavin
(b) Niacin
(c) Cyanocobalamin
(d) Tocopherol
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Tocopherol

Explanation:
1. Tocopherol is vitamin E, a fat-soluble vitamin.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cyanocobalamin is B12.

Question 17: Deficiency of thiamine causes:
(a) Beri-beri
(b) Rickets
(c) Caries
(d) Pellagra
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Beri-beri

Explanation:
1. Thiamine is a part of the coenzyme required for carbohydrate metabolism, and lack leads to beri-beri.

Teacher's Note:
1. Polished rice is poor in thiamine.

Question 18: Vitamin C is helpful in:
(a) Formation of visual pigment
(b) Growth of bones
(c) Treatment of pernicious anaemia
(d) Wound healing
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Wound healing

Explanation:
1. Vitamin C is needed for collagen formation, which heals wounds and keeps gums healthy.

Teacher's Note:
1. Deficiency causes bleeding gums and slow healing.

Question 19: A person with bleeding gums should daily take:
(a) Milk
(b) Carrots
(c) Lemons
(d) Butter
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Lemons

Explanation:
1. Bleeding gums indicate scurvy, which lemons rich in vitamin C prevent.

Teacher's Note:
1. Citrus fruits are rich in vitamin C.

Question 20: Bow-shaped legs in children are due to deficiency of vitamin:
(a) D
(b) A
(c) B
(d) C
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) D

Explanation:
1. Lack of vitamin D causes rickets, in which soft bones bend.

Teacher's Note:
1. Sunshine, fish liver oil and eggs supply vitamin D.

Question 21: Which one of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin and its related deficiency disease?
(a) Calciferol - pellagra
(b) Ascorbic acid - scurvy
(c) Retinol - xerophthalmia
(d) Cobalamin - beri-beri
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Retinol - xerophthalmia

Explanation:
1. Retinol (vitamin A) is fat-soluble and its deficiency causes xerophthalmia.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fat-soluble vitamins are A, D, E and K.

Question 22: Which pair of food components in humans reaches the stomach totally undigested?
(a) Starch and cellulose
(b) Protein and starch
(c) Starch and fat
(d) Fat and cellulose
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Fat and cellulose

Explanation:
1. Salivary amylase has already begun starch digestion in the mouth, and proteins are not digested before the stomach. Fat digestion is negligible in the stomach and cellulose cannot be digested at all, so these two arrive unchanged.

Teacher's Note:
1. Humans have no cellulase, so cellulose is dietary fibre.

Question 23: A young infant fed entirely on mother's milk, which is white, passes yellowish stools. The yellow colour is due to:
(a) Pancreatic juice poured into the duodenum
(b) Intestinal juice
(c) Bile pigments passed through bile juice
(d) Undigested milk protein casein
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Bile pigments passed through bile juice

Explanation:
1. Bile pigments reaching the intestine colour the stool, in the infant giving yellow.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bile pigments are altered to stercobilin in the adult.

Question 24: Which is true about gastric glands?
(a) Peptic cells secrete pepsin
(b) Oxyntic cells secrete HCl and Castle's intrinsic factor, which is responsible for vitamin B12 absorption
(c) Mucous cells secrete mucus and intrinsic factor responsible for vitamin B12 absorption
(d) Pepsinogen digests protein into peptones and proteoses
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Oxyntic cells secrete HCl and Castle's intrinsic factor, which is responsible for vitamin B12 absorption

Explanation:
1. Oxyntic (parietal) cells secrete HCl and intrinsic factor. Peptic cells secrete the inactive pepsinogen, not pepsin, and pepsinogen itself is inactive.

Teacher's Note:
1. Intrinsic factor binds vitamin B12 so that it can be absorbed in the ileum.

Question 25: The initial step in the digestion of milk in humans is carried out by:
(a) Lipase
(b) Trypsin
(c) Rennin
(d) Pepsin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Rennin

Explanation:
1. Rennin curdles casein of milk in infants before pepsin acts on it.

Teacher's Note:
1. Curdling holds the milk longer in the stomach.

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Digestion and Absorption Objective Questions & Solutions for NEET Biology

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