Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology: Chemical Coordination and Integration
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Practice Chemical Coordination and Integration MCQs for NEET Biology
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Multiple Choice Questions
(a) Simple goitre
(b) Myxoedema
(c) Cretinism
(d) Hypothyroidism
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Myxoedema
Explanation:
1. Myxoedema : is a disease caused in adults by hypothyroidism which causes produciton of excessive amounts of glycoprotein in the interstitial spaces due to which accumulation of fluid in the tissues resulting in edema.
(a) Gastrin
(b) Thyroxin
(c) Adrenaline
(d) Glucagon
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Adrenaline
Explanation:
1. Adrenaline is secreted by adrenal medulla during stress, hence it is also known as stress-hormone or 3F-responsive hormone (Tight, flight and flight hormone).
(a) Thyroid
(b) Parathyroid
(c) Parotid
(d) Pancreas
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Parathyroid
Explanation:
1. Parathormone (PTH) secreted by parathyroid gland regulates calcium and phosphorus homeostasis.
(a) Cortisol
(b) Corticosterone
(c) 11-deoxycorticosterone
(d) Cortisone
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Cortisol
Explanation:
1. This option, Cortisol, is the correct choice, as it agrees with the standard NCERT account of this topic.
(a) cGMP
(b) Calcium
(c) Sodium
(d) cAMP
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Sodium
Explanation:
1. Secondary messengers – Ca2+, cAMP, cGMP, IP3 etc. – Na+ is not considered to be secondary messenger.
(a) Posterior pituitary lobe
(b) Intermediate lobe of the pituitary
(c) Hypothalamus
(d) Anterior pituitary lobe
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Hypothalamus
Explanation:
1. Posterior lobe of pituitary stores the released hormones by neurosecretory cells of hypothalamus.
2. The hornones viz. oxytoicn and ADH are released by posterior lobe of pituitary.
(a) ACTH
(b) Insulin
(c) Adrenalin
(d) Glucagon
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Adrenalin
Explanation:
1. This option, Adrenalin, is the correct choice, as it agrees with the standard NCERT account of this topic.
(a) A reduction in haemoglobin content of blood
(b) A reduction in stem cell production
(c) Loss of antibody mediated immunity
(d) Loss of cell mediated immunity
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Loss of cell mediated immunity
Explanation:
1. Thymus is responsible for the maturation of lymphocytes that are produced in the red bone marrow that goes to thymus and convert to T-lymphocytes.
2. T-lymphocytes are known to regulate cell mediated immunity.
(a) Thyroid gland
(b) Parathyroid gland
(c) Thymus gland
(d) Hypothalamus
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Thymus gland
Explanation:
1. Thyroid gland – Thyroxin (T3, T4), thyrocalcitonin Parathyroid gland – Parathormone Thymus gland – thymosin Hypothalamus – Vasopressin (ADH), oxytocins.
(a) Adrenal cortex
(b) Pancreas
(c) Pituitary
(d) Thyroid
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Thyroid
Explanation:
1. Thyroxine hormone secreted by thyroid gland controls the BMR of the body.
(a) Elevates calcium level in blood
(b) Has no effect on calcium
(c) Elevates potassium level in blood
(d) Lowers calcium level in blood
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Lowers calcium level in blood
Explanation:
1. Calcitonin secreted by thyroid gland is hypocalcaemic.
2. Parathormone secreted by parathyroid galnd is hypercalcaemic.
3. Deficiency in Mineralocorticoid (secreted by adrenal cortex) increases K+ level.
(a) Oxytocin
(b) Progesterone
(c) LH
(d) Prolactin
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Prolactin
Explanation:
1. Prolactin hormone stimulates the formation and secretion of milk while oxytocin hormone is reponsible for ejection of milk.
(a) Child birth
(b) Gametogenesis
(c) Growth
(d) Lactation
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Child birth
Explanation:
1. Oxytocin helps in the ejection of the milk.
2. Hence, it is also known as let-down hormone while the milk formation is initiated by prolactin hormone.
3. Oxytocin helps in child birth while the growth is stimulated by the growth hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary while gametogenesis is initiated by FSH.
(a) Pineal body
(b) Skin
(c) Pituitary gland
(d) Thyroid
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Pineal body
Explanation:
1. Melatonin hormone is secreted by the pineal gland located inside the brain, which helps in the regulation of 24-hour sleep-wake cycle and is antigonadal in nature.
(a) Excess of S.T.H.
(b) Excess of thyroxin
(c) Deficiency of thyroxin
(d) Excess of adrenalin
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Excess of S.T.H.
Explanation:
1. Acromegaly : Oversecretion of growth hormone after puberty cause acromegaly.
(a) Relaxin – Gigantism
(b) Prolactin – Cretinism
(c) Parathyroid hormone – Tetany
(d) Insulin – Diabetes insipidus
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Parathyroid hormone – Tetany
Explanation:
1. Deficiency of parathyroid hormone resulsts in parathyroid tetany because low PTH resulsts in hypocalcaemia.
2. Low levels of calcium is extracellular fuid increases the permeability of neuronal membranes to sodium ions causing a progressive depolarisation.
3. Which increases the possibility of action potential.
4. This occurs because calcium ion interacts with the exterior surface of sodium channels in the plasma membrane of the nerve cells.
(a) Enzyme deficiency
(b) Iodine deficiency
(c) Na+ deficiency
(d) Hormonal deficiency
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Hormonal deficiency
Explanation:
1. Diabetes occurs due to hormonal deficiency.
2. Diabetes mellitus : due to deficiency of insulin Diabetes insipidus : due to deficiency of ADH.
(a) Carbohydrates
(b) Fats
(c) Proteins
(d) Nucleic acids
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Fats
Explanation:
1. Ketonuria is a manifestation of diabetes mellitus.
2. In the diabetes mellitus blood sugar level rises too high.
3. When this happens, the body do not have sufficient insulin to get energy into the body's cells.
4. So breakage of body tissue (fat and muscels) into ketones occurs, which can be used as fuel without need of insulin.
(a) Lack β-cells in the islets of Langerhans
(b) Produce enough insulin but lack functional receptors on their cells
(c) Can control their diabetes with diet and exercise
(d) All of these are correct
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Lack β-cells in the islets of Langerhans
Explanation:
1. Diabetes mellitus Type - I Type - II (a) Occurs early in the life Usually late in the life (b) β-cells produce hormone insulin Life style disease resulting from weight gain and lack of exercise. – Patient doesn't have deficiency of insulin but has insensitivity to body's own insulin. (c) Insulin in given by injection Treatment includes diet and exercise and ultimately requires pills or insulin.
(a) Secreted by juxtaglomerular cells
(b) Secreted in response to hypoxia
(c) Activates bone marrow cells to produce more RBCs
(d) All of these
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) All of these
Explanation:
1. Erythropoietin is secreted by the juxta glomerular cells of kidney, in response to hypoxia which activates bone marrow cells to produce more RBCs.
(a) Development of giant frog
(b) Accelerated metamorphosis
(c) Inhibition of metamorphosis
(d) Development of miniature frog
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Inhibition of metamorphosis
Explanation:
1. Thyroxine hormone requires iodine for the formation and this hormone is essential for the metamorphosis of tadpoles in frog.
2. Due to deficiency of iodine in water metamorphosis is inhibited.
(a) Thyroxine
(b) Epinephrine
(c) Nor epinephrine
(d) All of these
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) All of these
Explanation:
1. Amine – derived hormones : Thyroxine, epinephrine, nor epinephrine Tyrosine + Iodine = Thyroxine.
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FAQs
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