NEET Biology Animal Kingdom Important Questions Set 02

These Class 11 NEET Biology important questions on Animal Kingdom give 19 questions with step-by-step answers, arranged as very short, short and long answer types, taken from a model test paper. They help NEET aspirants revise the definitions, structures, differences and key terms of the chapter.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. Why do the lampreys and snakes lack girdles?
Answer: As they do not have limbs.

Question 2. Of what tissue are the electric organs of Torpedo made?
Answer: Electric organs are modified muscle.

Question 3. Give one example each of poikilothermal and homeothermal animals.
Answer: Reptiles, mammals

Question 4. Name any living fossil among the vertebrates.
Answer: Latimeria

Question 5. What is the function of lateral-line sense organs?
Answer: It helps in detection of currents and waves in water.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 6. Why is the Ornithorhynchus considered an exceptional mammal?
Answer: Ornithorhynchus, though a mammal, lays eggs, it has cloacal aperture, male lacks scrotum. In females, uterus and vagina are absent.

Question 7. What is marsupium? Give an example where it is found?
Answer: Marsupium is pouch on the female's belly for rearing the young one is the metatherian mammals. For example, in Kangaroo.

Question 8. What is the role of swim bladder in fishes?
Answer: Swim bladder or air sac is a gas filled sac found in the bony fishes which help in regulating the buoyancy of the fishes because of this they do not have to swim constantly to avoid sinking.

Question 9. Write difference between agnatha and gnathostomata.

Answer:

Agnatha Gnathostomata
1. They are the most primitive of all 1. Itincludes advancedvertebrates. craniates.
2. Mouth does not possess jaws hence 2. Mouth has jaws, hence it is named

Question 10. What is the fate of notochord and nerve cord in adults?
Answer: In adult vertebrates, notochord is replaced by a cartilaginous or bony vertebral column, while dorsal hollow nerve cord differentiates into brain and spinal cord.

Question 11. Write the scientific names of following :
(a) Animal possessing dry and cornified skin
(b) Urinary bladder is absent
(c) Protochordate which is viviparous
(d) Organism with sucking and circular mouth

Answer:

(a) Naja

(b) Pavo

(c) Ascidia

(d) Petromyzon

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 12. (a) What happens to the fishes when they are taken out of water?
(b) Define typhlosole.

Answer:

(a) Fishes die of suffocation due to lack of oxygen. This is because the gill filaments stick together when taken out of water, thereby reducing the surface area.

(b) Typhlosole is a fold of epithelium present in the intestine of Ascidia. It increases the absorptive surface.

Question 13. How do frog and toad differ?

Answer:

Question 14. Why do the birds have hollow bones? What other unique features birds have?
Answer: Hollow bones or pneumatic bones make the body of birds light in weight thus facilitate flying along with this birds have feathers present, single ovary, urinary bladder is absent. Syrinx present for sound production.

Question 15. Classify the vertebrates on the basis of their body temperature, breeding mechanism, heart and skin.

Answer:

Particulars Amphibia Reptilia Aves Mammalia

1. Skin Slippery,in moist, rich Dry,g l scaly,d s , lacksn o t Dry, lacksa glands,oil Dry, containsof manynot mucous glands, a n except on long types glands, respiratory respiratory gland tail, not respiratory respiratory
2. Breeding Oviparous Mostlyoviparous Alloviparous Most forms viviparous
3. Heart 3-chambered 3-chambered, 4- 4-chambered 4-chamberedone with chambered in aorticarch Crocodilia
4. Body Variable Variable Fixed Fixed Temperature (Poikilothermous) (Poikilothermous) (Homoiothermous) (Homoiothermous)

Question 16. State the distinguishing characteristics of Pisces and Tetrapoda.
Answer: Pisces Tetrapoda
1. Allaquatic,eitherfreshwater or marine. 1. Aquatic, amphibious,terrestrialandaerial.
2. Bodystream-linedadaptedforswimming. 2. Variousand forms and adapted to varied modes differenthabitats.
3. Skinisusuallymoistandscally. 3. Skinusuallydryandcornified.
4. Exoskeletonintheformofepidermalscales. 4. Exoskeleton in the form of epidermal scales, scutes, dermalplates,hair andfeathers.
5. Senseorganfunctionalinwater. 5. Senseorganfunctionalinair.
6. Breathingbygills. 6. Breathing bylungs except in some amphibians which haveexternalgills.
7. Pairedappendagesintheformofpairedfins. 7. Pairedappendagesarepentadactyllimbs.

Question 17. How are bony fishes different from cartilaginous fishes?

Answer:

Cartilaginous fishes Bony fishes

1. Theyaremarineanimals. 1. They are both marine and fresh water dwelling.
2. Mouthisventrallylocated. 2. Mouthisterminallylocated.
3. Placoidscalesarepresent. 3. Cycloid/ctenoid scalepresent.
4. Air bladder isabsent. 4. Air bladder ispresent.
5. Fertilisationisinternal. 5. Fertilisationisexternal.
6. Theseareviviparous. 6. Theseareoviparous.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 18. Name the class to which Petromyzon and Myxine belong and state difference between them.

Answer:

Question 19. State the general characteristics of Aves and Mammals. (Write at least 6 points)

Answer:

General characteristics of Aves :

(i) They have feathers which help in insulating the body and for flight.

(ii) Most of them fly except flightless birds (e.g. Ostrich).

(iii) They possess beak and have streamlined body.

(iv) Forelimbs are modified into wings.

(v) The hindlimbs generally have scales and are modified for walking, swimming or clasping the tree branches.

(vi) Skin is dry without glands except the oil gland or preen gland at the base of the tail for lubrication of feathers.

(vii) Endoskeleton is fully ossified (bony) and the long bones are hollow with air cavities. Such bones are known as pneumatic bones.

(viii) The digestive tract of birds has additional chambers, the crop and gizzard.

(ix) Heart is completely four-chambered.

(x) They are warm-blooded (homiothermous animals) i.e. they are able to maintain a constant body temperature. General characteristics of Mammals :

(i) The most unique mammalian characteristic is the presence of mil producing glands (mammary glands) by which the young ones are nourished.

(ii) They are found in variety of habitats – polar ice caps, deserts, mountains, forests, grasslands and dark caves.

(iii) They have two pairs of limbs, adapted for walking, running, climbing, burrowing, swimming or flying.

(iv) The skin of mammals is unique in possessing hair.

(v) External ears or pinnae are present.

(vi) Different types of teeth are present in the jaw.

(vii) Heart is four-chambered.

(viii) They are homoiothermous.

(ix) Respiration is by lungs.

(x) Sexes are separate and fertilisation is internal.

(xi) They are viviparous with few exceptions and development is direct. For example, Ornithorhynchus (Platypus) is oviparous.