NCERT Solutions for Class 4 Maths Mela Chapter 14 Data Handling

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Question. Look at the questions asked by Rohan and Anjali. Tick the question that is the most appropriate for finding the 'most liked subject'? Why do you think so? Discuss with your friends and teacher.
Answer: This question works best because it asks for just one clear choice from each student. Every child picks one favourite subject, which makes the answers simple to count. When everyone selects just one subject, we can easily compare the numbers and see which subject is liked by the most children. Other questions like "Which subjects do you like?" let people give many answers, which makes it hard to figure out what is truly the most liked subject. To find "the most", a question needs to be clear, ask for one choice only, and have answers that are easy to count and compare. That is why "Which subject do you like the most?" is the best question to ask.
In simple words: A good question asks for one choice only, so we can easily count and compare the answers.

Exam Tip: When finding the most popular item, always ask for one favourite choice only - this makes counting and comparing much easier than allowing multiple answers.

Question. Look at the children's responses above and answer the following: The number of children who like Mathematics the most is ___. The number of children who like Language the most is ___. The number of children who like The World Around Us the most is ___. The number of children who like Physical Education the most is ___. The number of children who like Arts the most is ___.
Answer:
The number of children who like Mathematics the most is 10.
The number of children who like Language the most is 8.
The number of children who like The World Around Us the most is 7.
The number of children who like Physical Education the most is 11.
The number of children who like Arts the most is 9.
In simple words: Count each letter in the list - M appears 10 times, L appears 8 times, T appears 7 times, P.E. appears 11 times, and A appears 9 times.

Exam Tip: Always count carefully and double-check your totals by adding them up - all numbers should sum to the total number of children surveyed.

Question. Now look at the above table and answer the following: What is the most common favourite subject among the children? ___. What is the least common favourite subject among the children? ___.
Answer: The most common favourite subject among the children is Physical Education. The least common favourite subject among the children is The World Around Us.
In simple words: Look at the numbers in the table - the highest number shows the most liked subject, and the lowest number shows the least liked subject.

Exam Tip: Always scan the table for the largest and smallest numbers to find the most and least popular items quickly.

Question. Which way of displaying information is easier to understand and why?
Answer: The table format is easier to understand because it shows the data in an organized way, letting you see the count for each subject right away. With a table, you do not have to count through a long list of letters. The numbers jump out at you, making it quick to compare which subjects are more or less popular.
In simple words: Tables are better than lists because you can see all the numbers at once and compare them easily.

Exam Tip: When answering "why is one format better", mention that tables save time and make comparisons clear at a glance.

Favourite Subject Activity Explained - Class 4 Maths Mela Chapter 14

Question. Look at the information given above. Colour the line drawing of the golas appropriately. Which colour ice gola do the children eat: a) the most b) the least? How do you know?
Answer: a) Yellow ice gola is eaten the most by children. b) Blue ice gola is eaten the least. We can find out which ice gola is most or least popular by counting the number of each colour shown in the picture. Yellow has the highest count with 10 golas, so it is the most popular choice among the children.
In simple words: Count the pictures of each gola colour - the colour with the most pictures is eaten the most, and the colour with the fewest pictures is eaten the least.

Exam Tip: Always support your answer with numbers from the data - say which colour has how many instead of just naming a colour.

Question. Which colour gola would Anjali and Rohan have bought?
Answer: Anjali and Rohan would have bought yellow gola. They want to eat the same flavour that most other children like. Since yellow is the most eaten gola with the highest count, they would have chosen yellow.
In simple words: They would pick yellow because it is the most popular - the flavour that most kids choose.

Exam Tip: Show your reasoning by linking their choice to the data - explain that they want the most popular option.

Question. Which colour golas did boys eat the most?
Answer: According to the picture, boys ate yellow gola the most. The count for boys eating yellow gola is 6.
In simple words: Look at the boy pictures next to each colour - yellow has the most boy figures eating it.

Exam Tip: When the picture shows boys and girls separately, count only the boy figures next to each gola colour.

Question. Which colour golas did girls eat the most?
Answer: Girls ate red, orange, and yellow golas equally the most. Each of these three colours was eaten by 4 girls.
In simple words: Three colours were eaten the same amount by girls - red, orange, and yellow each had 4 girls eating them.

Exam Tip: Sometimes data shows a tie - multiple items with the same highest count - name all of them in your answer.

Question. Which of the ways of representing data did you use to answer these questions and why?
Answer: I used pictorial representation (pictures or pictograph) to answer these questions. This method works well because the data is shown using separate pictures for boys and girls, making it simple to count and compare. By looking at how many pictures there are for each gola colour, we can clearly see which colour was eaten the most and which was eaten the least. Pictures make information straightforward, clear, and easy to understand at a glance.
In simple words: Pictures are better than words or numbers because you can see and count them easily.

Exam Tip: When naming a data display method, explain how it helps you find the answer quickly - this shows deeper understanding.

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Activity Chess or Cricket

Question. Find out from the class mate how many of them play only chess, only cricket, both or neither.
Answer: This is a data collection activity where you gather information from your classmates about their game preferences. You record which children play only chess, which play only cricket, which play both games, and which play neither game. The exact numbers will depend on your class survey results. Once collected, this data can be arranged in a table to show the breakdown of preferences across all students.
In simple words: Ask each classmate: "Do you play chess, cricket, both, or neither?" and keep a count of their answers.

Exam Tip: Ask each person exactly once and mark their answer clearly so you do not count anyone twice.

Question. Now let us organise the above data in the table.
Answer: Based on the data table provided, the results show: Chess but not Cricket - 1 girl, 3 boys; Cricket but not Chess - 0 girls, 4 boys; Both - 3 girls, 1 boy; Neither - 3 girls, 0 boys. These categories help us see clearly which children favour which games and whether they like one game, both, or neither.
In simple words: Sort the information into the four groups: only chess, only cricket, both games, and no games.

Exam Tip: Make sure all students from your survey fit into exactly one category - no one should be counted twice or left out.

Question. Answer these questions based on the data collected from your grade. 1. Who plays Chess the most? ___ (Boys/Girls) 2. Who plays Cricket the most? ___ (Boys/Girls) 3. How many children play both types of games? ___
Answer:
1. Boys and girls play chess equally. Here is why: Number of girls playing chess = 1 + 3 = 4. Number of boys playing chess = 3 + 1 = 4. Both groups have 4 children playing chess.
2. Boys play cricket the most. Here is why: Number of girls playing cricket = 3. Number of boys playing cricket = 4 + 1 = 5. Boys have 5 children playing cricket, which is more than girls.
3. 4 children play both types of games (3 girls and 1 boy).
In simple words: Count all the children in each group who play that game, then compare the numbers to see which group has more.

Exam Tip: When comparing two groups, add the relevant rows together - remember that some children play both games and should be included in both totals.

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Bal Mela

Question. Anjali and Rohan have recorded the number of people who ate fruit chaats and sandwiches in the Bal Mela over three days, using a Pictograph. Complete the table.
Answer:
Fruit Chaats: Day 1 = 7, Day 2 = 12, Day 3 = 9. Total fruit chaats sold = 7 + 12 + 9 = 28.
Sandwiches: Day 1 = 12, Day 2 = 16, Day 3 = 18. Total sandwiches sold = 12 + 16 + 18 = 46.
In simple words: Count the pictures for each day and food item, then add up all the daily counts to find the total.

Exam Tip: Double-check your addition by adding the daily amounts in a different order - you should get the same total.

Question. On which day were the most sandwiches sold?
Answer: On day 3 the most sandwiches were sold. The count on day 3 was 18 sandwiches, which is higher than day 1 (12 sandwiches) and day 2 (16 sandwiches).
In simple words: Look at the sandwich counts for all three days - day 3 has the biggest number.

Exam Tip: When asked "on which day", scan the column for that item and find the row with the largest number.

Question. Which item had the highest sale on Day 2?
Answer: On day 2, sandwiches had the highest sale. The fruit chaats sold on day 2 = 12. The sandwiches sold on day 2 = 16. Since 16 is greater than 12, sandwiches were the top-selling item that day.
In simple words: Compare the two food items on day 2 - the one with the bigger number is the highest seller.

Exam Tip: Read across the row for the day in question and compare the numbers in each column to find the highest.

Question. Complete the table given below. Circle the day that had the highest sales.
Answer:
Day 1 Total Sales = 7 + 12 = 19
Day 2 Total Sales = 12 + 16 = 28
Day 3 Total Sales = 9 + 18 = 27
The day with the highest sales is Day 2 with 28 items sold.
In simple words: Add the fruit chaats and sandwiches for each day to get the total, then find which day's total is the biggest.

Exam Tip: Make sure to add both food items for each day - do not mix up the days or forget one type of food.