NCERT Solutions Class 5 Mathematics Mela Chapter 08 Weight and Capacity

Page 104

Check! Check!

Question. Anu has recorded the weights of the items in her house. Check if she has recorded them correctly by putting a tick against them if they look correct.
Answer: The weights that are correct (marked with ticks) are:
(2) Bed - 60 kg
(3) Rice Bag - 5 kg
(5) Bucket - 1 kg 800 g
(6) Water Bottle - 650 g

The weights that are wrong are:
(1) Iron Almirah - 40 g (far too light for furniture)
(4) Sofa - 30 g (far too light for furniture)
(7) Refrigerator - 50 g (far too light for an appliance)
In simple words: Some weights make sense - like a 60 kg bed or a 5 kg bag of rice. Other weights are clearly wrong because they are way too light - a metal cupboard cannot weigh only 40 grams, and a refrigerator cannot weigh 50 grams.

Exam Tip: When checking if weights are reasonable, think about what the item is made of and compare it to similar things you know. Heavy furniture needs kilograms, not grams.

Let Us Do

Question. Read the scales. Write the correct weight in the space given below.
Answer:
(a) 600 g
(b) 1 kg 800 g
(c) 2 kg 500 g
(d) 2 kg 600 g
(e) 150 g
(f) 660 g
In simple words: Look at where the pointer is on each scale and read the number it shows. Write that number with the correct unit - either grams or kilograms.

Exam Tip: Always check which scale markings are shown - some scales use kilograms, some use grams. The pointer shows the exact weight.

Page 105

Different Units but Same Measure

Question. Match the bags that have the same weights. You can use the double number line given below.
Answer: Use the relationship 1 kg = 1,000 g to match the items:

Weighing Balance 1 matches with Weighing Balance 2 as follows:
- 5 kg matches with 5,000 g
- 10 kg matches with 10,000 g
- 3 kg matches with 3,000 g
- 6 kg matches with 6,000 g
- 25 kg matches with 25,000 g
- 30 kg matches with 30,000 g

The double number line shows the connection: multiply any kilogram value by 1,000 to get grams, or divide any gram value by 1,000 to get kilograms.
In simple words: When you change kilograms into grams, multiply by 1,000. When you change grams into kilograms, divide by 1,000. This helps match the same weight written in different units.

Exam Tip: Remember the key conversion: 1 kg = 1,000 g. Use the double number line to see the pattern - it makes conversions much easier.

Page 106

Let Us Find

Question 1. Shamim and Rehan observed someone buying sugar weighing 5 kg 50 g. They thought of the quantity in grams. How much is it?
Answer: To convert 5 kg 50 g into grams only, split the weight into two parts. First, change 5 kg into grams: since 1 kg = 1,000 g, then 5 kg = 5,000 g. Next, add the remaining 50 g. So the total is 5,000 g + 50 g = 5,050 g.
In simple words: When you need to write a weight in grams, change the kilograms first (multiply by 1,000), then add any extra grams.

Exam Tip: Always convert kilograms first, then add the grams. A common mistake is forgetting to multiply the kg by 1,000.

Question 2. Complete the conversions by filling in the blanks. You can use the double number line given below on which some numbers have been marked.
Answer:
(a) 7 kg 67 g = 7,067 g
(b) 3 kg 300 g = 3,300 g
(c) 8 kg 69 g = 8,069 g
(d) 10,760 g = 10 kg 760 g
(e) 4,080 g = 4 kg 80 g
(f) 12,042 g = 12 kg 42 g

Working:
(a) 7 kg 67 g = (7 × 1,000) g + 67 g = 7,000 g + 67 g = 7,067 g
(b) 3 kg 300 g = (3 × 1,000) g + 300 g = 3,000 g + 300 g = 3,300 g
(c) 8 kg 69 g = (8 × 1,000) g + 69 g = 8,000 g + 69 g = 8,069 g
(d) 10,760 g = 10,000 g + 760 g = 10 kg 760 g
(e) 4,080 g = 4,000 g + 80 g = 4 kg 80 g
(f) 12,042 g = 12,000 g + 42 g = 12 kg 42 g
In simple words: To go from kg and g to just grams, multiply the kg by 1,000 and add the grams. To go from grams to kg and g, divide by 1,000 - the answer is the kg, and what's left is the grams.

Exam Tip: Check your work by converting back - if 7,067 g ÷ 1,000 gives 7 remainder 67, you have 7 kg 67 g, which is correct.

Page 107

Comparison between Different Weights

Question 1. Harpreet's family planned a picnic over the weekend. Her mother and father packed different food items to take along. The following is the list of fruits they carried. Among the fruits they carried, which one has the (a) highest weight? (b) least weight? (c) Arrange the items in descending order of their weight.
Answer:
(a) Highest weight: Watermelon - 3 kg
(b) Least weight: Apples - 1 kg 250 g
(c) Descending order of weight: Watermelon (3 kg), Mangoes (2 kg), Pineapple (1 kg 750 g), Apples (1 kg 250 g)
In simple words: To find the heaviest item, look for the biggest number. The watermelon at 3 kg is the heaviest. To order them from heaviest to lightest, arrange them by size - largest first, then smaller ones after.

Exam Tip: When comparing mixed units (kg and g), convert everything to grams first, then it's easy to see which is bigger or smaller.

Question 2. Compare the weights using <, =, > signs.
Answer:
(a) 1 kg 600 g < 1,700 g
(b) 1 kg 600 g > 1 kg 60 g
(c) 10 kg 35 g = 10,035 g
(d) 1 kg 600 g < 2 kg 500 g
(e) 5 kg 50 g > 4 kg 500 g
(f) 900 g + 7,000 g = 7 kg + 900 g
In simple words: To compare weights in different units, change them all to the same unit first. Then you can easily see which is bigger, which is smaller, or if they are the same.

Exam Tip: Convert mixed weights (like 1 kg 600 g) to single units (1,600 g) before comparing - it avoids mistakes.

Page 108

Let Us Find

Question 1. If a sugar sachet weighs 5 g, how much will it be in milligrams?
Answer: To change grams into milligrams, you multiply by 1,000 because 1 g = 1,000 mg. So, 5 g = 5 × 1,000 mg = 5,000 mg. The sugar sachet weighs 5,000 milligrams.
In simple words: Milligrams are much smaller than grams. One gram equals 1,000 milligrams. So a 5-gram sachet is 5,000 milligrams.

Exam Tip: Remember: 1 g = 1,000 mg. To convert grams to milligrams, always multiply by 1,000.

Question 2. Complete the double number line below appropriately.
Answer: Based on the conversion 1 g = 1,000 mg:

Top scale (milligrams): 1,000 mg → 5,000 mg → 12,000 mg → 20,000 mg → 25,000 mg → 31,000 mg
Bottom scale (grams): 1 g → 5 g → 12 g → 20 g → 25 g → 31 g
In simple words: The double number line shows that when grams go up, milligrams go up by multiplying by 1,000. If you know one, you can always find the other.

Exam Tip: The pattern on the double number line helps you see the 1,000 times relationship between grams and milligrams clearly.

Question 3. An ornament weighs 4 g 100 mg. What will be the weight in milligrams?
Answer: First, change 4 g into milligrams: 4 g = 4 × 1,000 mg = 4,000 mg. Next, add the remaining 100 mg: 4,000 mg + 100 mg = 4,100 mg. The ornament weighs 4,100 milligrams.
In simple words: When you have grams and milligrams together, convert the grams first, then add the extra milligrams.

Exam Tip: This is similar to converting kg and g to grams - always change the larger unit first, then add the smaller parts.

Question 4. A goldsmith has made an ornament weighing 10 g 500 mg. What will its weight be in milligrams?
Answer: Convert 10 g into milligrams: 10 g = 10 × 1,000 mg = 10,000 mg. Now add the extra milligrams: 10,000 mg + 500 mg = 10,500 mg. The ornament weighs 10,500 milligrams.
In simple words: Change the grams to milligrams by multiplying by 1,000, then add any milligrams that are already there.

Exam Tip: A quick check: 10,500 mg ÷ 1,000 = 10.5 g = 10 g 500 mg, which matches the original weight.

Question 5. Compare the weights using <, =, > signs.
Answer:
(a) 20 g > 200 mg
(b) 16 g 50 mg < 50 g 16 mg
(c) 2,010 mg < 2 g 100 mg
(d) 9,000 mg < 90 g
(e) 5,000 g < 7,500 g
(f) 800 mg + 88 mg = 880 mg + 8 mg
In simple words: To compare weights in different units, convert everything to the same unit. Then line them up and see which number is bigger, smaller, or the same.

Exam Tip: Watch out for different units - always convert to one unit before comparing. A common trick is mixing grams and milligrams - be careful!

Question 6. Observe the pictures given below and fill in the blanks.
Answer: An elephant weighing 5,000 kg is 40 times heavier than a whale. If you multiply the elephant's weight by 40, you get the whale's weight: 5,000 × 40 = 2,00,000 kg. So the whale weighs 2,00,000 kg (or 2 lakh kilograms).
In simple words: If one animal is 40 times heavier than another, you multiply its weight by 40 to find the heavier animal's weight.

Exam Tip: When a problem says "40 times," use multiplication. This type of problem often appears in weight and capacity chapters.

Question 7. Answer the following questions.
Answer:
(a) 5,000 kg = 50 quintals = 5 tonnes
(b) 9,000 kg = 90 quintals
(c) 8,000 kg = 8 tonnes

Conversions used:
- 1 quintal = 100 kg, so 5,000 kg ÷ 100 = 50 quintals
- 1 tonne = 1,000 kg, so 5,000 kg ÷ 1,000 = 5 tonnes
In simple words: Quintals and tonnes are larger units for measuring heavy things. Use division to convert from kg: divide by 100 for quintals, divide by 1,000 for tonnes.

Exam Tip: Remember the conversion chain: 1 tonne = 10 quintals = 1,000 kg. This helps with quick conversions.

King's Weight

Question. In a kingdom, the king donates wheat grains equal to 10 times his weight on his birthday.
Answer:
(a) He donates 800 kg of wheat grain this birthday. His current weight = 800 ÷ 10 = 80 kg.
(b) He had donated 780 kg of wheat grain on his last birthday. His weight last year = 780 ÷ 10 = 78 kg.
(c) Weight gained in a year = 80 kg - 78 kg = 2 kg. He gained 2 kg in the year.
In simple words: If the donation is 10 times the king's weight, you divide the donation by 10 to find his weight. To find how much he gained, subtract the old weight from the new weight.

Exam Tip: This problem mixes multiplication and subtraction. First divide to find weights, then subtract to find the difference.

Page 111

Let Us Do

Question 1. A restaurant owner uses 5 kg 200 g, 8 kg 900 g, and 12 kg 600 g of onions over 3 days. What is the total weight of onions used by the restaurant owner in 3 days?
Answer: Add the weights from all three days:
Day 1: 5 kg 200 g
Day 2: 8 kg 900 g
Day 3: 12 kg 600 g

Group the kilograms and grams separately. Kilograms add to 5 + 8 + 12 = 25 kg. Grams add to 200 + 900 + 600 = 1,700 g. Since 1,700 g = 1 kg 700 g, the total is 25 kg + 1 kg 700 g = 26 kg 700 g.
In simple words: When adding weights with kg and g, add the kg parts together, add the g parts together, then combine them. If grams go over 1,000, change the extra grams into kilograms.

Exam Tip: Always group units when adding - add kg with kg, grams with grams. Then convert any extra grams into kilograms before giving your final answer.

Question 2. Aarav is helping his grandfather at the fruit stall. He lifts two baskets of apples weighing 2 kg 100 g and 3 kg 950 g. What is the total weight of apples he lifted?
Answer: Add the two basket weights together. The kilograms are 2 + 3 = 5 kg. The grams are 100 + 950 = 1,050 g. Since 1,050 g is more than 1,000 g, change it to 1 kg 50 g. So the total is 5 kg + 1 kg 50 g = 6 kg 50 g.
In simple words: Add the kilograms first, then add the grams. If the grams add up to more than 1,000, convert the extra into kilograms and add that to your kilogram total.

Exam Tip: This type of addition is similar to adding time (hours and minutes) - units stay separate until one set goes over its limit.

Question 3. 4 kg 500 g of sand is used from a sack weighing 10 kg. How much sand is left in the sack?
Answer: Start with the total sand: 10 kg. Subtract the sand used: 4 kg 500 g. Since 10 kg = 10 kg 0 g, do the subtraction: 10 kg 0 g - 4 kg 500 g. The kilograms give 10 - 4 = 6 kg, but the grams need borrowing: 0 g is less than 500 g, so borrow 1 kg (which is 1,000 g) from the 6 kg, leaving 5 kg and 1,000 g. Now subtract: 1,000 g - 500 g = 500 g, and 5 kg - 0 kg = 5 kg. The answer is 5 kg 500 g.
In simple words: Subtracting kg and g is like subtracting with borrowing. If you don't have enough grams, borrow 1 kg (1,000 g) from the kilograms and then subtract.

Exam Tip: Always set up subtraction clearly in columns - kg under kg, g under g. Borrow when needed, just like in regular subtraction.

Question 4. A rice sack weighs 9 kg 750 g. After some rice is used, it weighs 3 kg 700 g. How much rice was used?
Answer: Subtract the final weight from the starting weight to find how much was used: 9 kg 750 g - 3 kg 700 g. The kilograms subtract as 9 - 3 = 6 kg. The grams subtract as 750 - 700 = 50 g. The rice used weighs 6 kg 50 g.
In simple words: To find how much was used, take away the final weight from the starting weight. Since both have enough grams, no borrowing is needed.

Exam Tip: This is a "find the difference" problem - subtract the smaller weight from the larger to find what was removed or used.

Question 5. A delivery truck delivered 17 kg 900 g of supplies in the morning and 12 kg 700 g in the afternoon. How much total supplies did it deliver?
Answer: Add the morning and afternoon deliveries. The kilograms are 17 + 12 = 29 kg. The grams are 900 + 700 = 1,600 g. Since 1,600 g is more than 1,000 g, convert it to 1 kg 600 g. So the total is 29 kg + 1 kg 600 g = 30 kg 600 g.
In simple words: Add up the two amounts by combining kilograms and grams separately. When grams go over 1,000, turn the extra into kilograms.

Exam Tip: Always combine like units first, then convert any excess to a larger unit before giving your final answer.

Question 6. A box of books weighs 14 kg 750 g. After removing some books, the weight of the box is 10 kg 500 g. What is the weight of the books removed?
Answer: Subtract the final weight from the starting weight: 14 kg 750 g - 10 kg 500 g. The kilograms subtract as 14 - 10 = 4 kg. The grams subtract as 750 - 500 = 250 g. The books removed weigh 4 kg 250 g.
In simple words: Find the difference between the starting weight and the ending weight. That difference tells you how much was taken away.

Exam Tip: When subtracting weights without needing to borrow, align the units carefully and subtract each part separately.

Question 7. In a community kitchen of a Gurdwara, 65 kg of flour was purchased on one day. Out of this, 42 kg 275 g flour was used for preparing langar. The next day, an additional 52 kg 500 g of flour was bought. What is the total quantity of flour now available in the kitchen store?
Answer: Start with 65 kg. Subtract what was used: 65 kg - 42 kg 275 g. Convert 65 kg to 65 kg 0 g. Borrow 1 kg to get 64 kg 1,000 g. Now subtract: 1,000 g - 275 g = 725 g and 64 kg - 42 kg = 22 kg. This leaves 22 kg 725 g. Next, add the flour bought the next day: 22 kg 725 g + 52 kg 500 g. The kilograms add as 22 + 52 = 74 kg. The grams add as 725 + 500 = 1,225 g = 1 kg 225 g. So the total is 74 kg + 1 kg 225 g = 75 kg 225 g.
In simple words: First subtract what was used from what you started with. Then add the new flour that came in. You end up with what is left in the store.

Exam Tip: This is a two-step problem - subtract first, then add. Be careful with borrowing when grams are not enough for subtraction.

Page 112

Let Us Do

Question 1. The cost of some grocery items is given in the following table. Find the total cost of each item.
Answer: Use the formula: Total Cost = Weight in kg × Rate per kg

Rice: Weight = 12 kg 500 g = 12.5 kg; Rate = Rs. 60 per kg; Total = 12.5 × 60 = Rs. 750

Flour: Weight = 7 kg 250 g = 7.25 kg; Rate = Rs. 40 per kg; Total = 7.25 × 40 = Rs. 290

Sugar: Weight = 5 kg; Rate = Rs. 45 per kg; Total = 5 × 45 = Rs. 225

Chana Dal: Weight = 3 kg 600 g = 3.6 kg; Rate = Rs. 70 per kg; Total = 3.6 × 70 = Rs. 252

Besan: Weight = 4 kg; Rate = Rs. 60 per kg; Total = 4 × 60 = Rs. 240

Jaggery: Weight = 1 kg 400 g = 1.4 kg; Rate = Rs. 50 per kg; Total = 1.4 × 50 = Rs. 70
In simple words: To find the total cost, change the weight to just kilograms as a decimal (for example, 500 g becomes 0.5 kg), then multiply by the price per kilogram.

Exam Tip: Convert all weights to decimal kilograms first - this makes the multiplication much simpler and fewer mistakes happen.

Question 2. 4 people need 500 g rice for a meal. How much rice will be needed for 8 people if they eat similar quantity of rice?
Answer: If 4 people need 500 g, then 1 person needs 500 ÷ 4 = 125 g. If 1 person needs 125 g, then 8 people will need 8 × 125 = 1,000 g. Converting to kilograms, 1,000 g = 1 kg. So 8 people need 1 kg of rice.
In simple words: First find how much one person eats. Then multiply by the number of people. This gives you the total amount needed.

Exam Tip: Always find the amount per person first, then multiply up. This method works for any number of people.

Question 3. 5 kg of tomatoes cost Rs. 73. How much will 10 kg of tomatoes cost?
Answer: Find the price per kilogram: Rs. 73 ÷ 5 kg = Rs. 14.60 per kg. Then multiply by 10 kg: Rs. 14.60 × 10 = Rs. 146. So 10 kg of tomatoes will cost Rs. 146.
In simple words: First figure out the price for 1 kg by dividing the total price by the number of kg. Then multiply that price by the amount you want to find.

Exam Tip: This is a proportional reasoning problem - divide first to find the unit price, then multiply by the new quantity.

Question 4. Nitesh is a scrap dealer. How much would he have paid for (a) 16 kg of old newspaper, if he paid Rs. 8 for every 1 kg of newspaper?
Answer: Price of 1 kg newspaper = Rs. 8. So the price of 16 kg = 16 × 8 = Rs. 128. He would pay Rs. 128 for 16 kg of old newspaper.
In simple words: Multiply the kilograms by the price per kilogram to get the total price.

Exam Tip: When the price per kg is already given, just multiply directly - no need to find it first.

Question 4(b). How much would he have paid for 20 kg iron, if he paid Rs. 200 for every 10 kg of iron?
Answer: Price of 10 kg iron = Rs. 200. So the price of 1 kg = Rs. 200 ÷ 10 = Rs. 20. Therefore, the price of 20 kg = 20 × 20 = Rs. 400. He would pay Rs. 400 for 20 kg of iron.
In simple words: The price is given for 10 kg, not for 1 kg. So first divide to find the price per kilogram, then multiply by 20.

Exam Tip: Always check what amount the given price refers to - it might not be per kilogram. Divide first to find the unit price.

Question 4(c). How much would he have paid for 10 kg plastic, if he paid Rs. 30 for 5 kg of plastic? Make double number lines for answering (b) and (c).
Answer: Price of 5 kg plastic = Rs. 30. So the price of 1 kg = Rs. 30 ÷ 5 = Rs. 6. Therefore, the price of 10 kg = 10 × 6 = Rs. 60. He would pay Rs. 60 for 10 kg of plastic.
In simple words: Divide the price by the weight to find how much 1 kg costs. Then multiply that by 10 to find the price of 10 kg.

Exam Tip: Double number lines show the relationship clearly - they help you see the pattern and avoid calculation mistakes.

Page 113

Measuring Capacity

Question 1. You must have seen tea being prepared at your home. How much water and milk do we need to make 2 cups of tea?
Answer: To make 2 cups of tea, you need 200 ml of water and 200 ml of milk. This is the amount typically used when making a small pot of tea for two people.
In simple words: 2 cups of tea need 200 ml of water and the same amount of milk mixed together.

Exam Tip: Capacity is how much a container can hold. Millilitres (ml) are good for small amounts like tea or medicine.

Question 1b. Do we need 1 L of water to make 2 cups of tea?
Answer: No, 1 litre of water is far too much to make 2 cups of tea. One litre is 1,000 ml, which is five times more water than needed. The correct amount is 200 ml.
In simple words: 1 litre is a huge amount for just 2 cups of tea. You would have way too much and waste a lot of water.

Exam Tip: Always think about whether the amount makes sense in real life - 1 litre is good for a large pot but not for 2 cups.

Question 1c. Is 500 ml of water enough for 2 cups of tea?
Answer: No, 500 ml of water is also too much for 2 cups of tea. While it is less than 1 litre, it is still more than the 200 ml needed. You would have 300 ml of extra water left over, which is wasteful.
In simple words: 500 ml is twice what you actually need. It is too much and you would waste half of it.

Exam Tip: Thinking about real situations helps you judge if a capacity measurement makes sense or not.

Question 2. A bucket can hold a maximum of 20 ml of water. Is this statement correct? Which unit should be used in such a situation?
Answer: No, the statement is not correct. A bucket cannot hold only 20 ml - that is about the amount in a small spoon. A bucket holds much more, typically 10-20 litres. The correct unit to use for measuring bucket capacity is litres (L), not millilitres (ml). Millilitres are used for small amounts like medicine or tea, while litres are for larger amounts like water in buckets.
In simple words: Use millilitres for small amounts and litres for large amounts. A bucket needs litres, not millilitres.

Exam Tip: Think about the size of the container and the amount it holds. This helps you pick the right unit - ml for small, L for large.

Big to Small to Big

Question 1. Ramiz brings a 500 ml water bottle to school. He drinks two bottles at school. How much water does he drink at school?
Answer: Each bottle holds 500 ml. If Ramiz drinks 2 bottles, then he drinks 500 ml + 500 ml = 1,000 ml. Since 1,000 ml = 1 litre, Ramiz drinks 1 litre of water at school.
In simple words: Add up the amount from each bottle. When the total reaches 1,000 ml, that is the same as 1 litre.

Exam Tip: Remember: 1 L = 1,000 ml. When ml reach 1,000, convert them to litres for a cleaner answer.

Question 2. Muskaan drinks 3 l of water in a day. How many times would she need to refill a 500 ml water bottle?
Answer: Muskaan needs to refill the bottle 6 times. The bottle holds 500 ml. Her daily water intake is 3 litres, which equals 3,000 ml. When you divide 3,000 ml by 500 ml, you get 6. So she would need 6 refills to drink all her water for the day.
In simple words: She drinks 3,000 ml of water. Her bottle is 500 ml. So she fills it 6 times (3,000 ÷ 500 = 6).

Exam Tip: Always convert litres to millilitres first before dividing - remember 1 litre = 1,000 ml.

Question 3. Write the total capacity of the following containers in each blank.
Answer:
First Jug: 1 litre 600 ml
Second Jug: 1 litre 500 ml
Third Jug: 700 ml
Fourth Jug: 2 litres 100 ml
In simple words: Add up all the marked amounts shown on each container's picture to get the total it can hold.

Exam Tip: When adding capacities, group litres together and millilitres together, then combine them - for example, 1 l + 500 ml + 100 ml becomes 1 l + 600 ml.

The Milkman's Delivery

Question. Khayal chacha delivers fresh cow milk to homes. Bhalerao's family orders 2l of milk everyday. This family has a vessel marked in ml only. What mark will you see in the vessel corresponding to 2 l?
Answer: When the vessel is filled with 2 litres of milk, the mark will show 2,000 ml. Since 1 litre equals 1,000 ml, 2 litres would be 2 times 1,000 ml, which is 2,000 ml.
In simple words: 2 litres = 2,000 ml. That is the mark you will see.

Exam Tip: Remember the conversion: 1 l = 1,000 ml. Multiply the number of litres by 1,000 to get millilitres.

Question. Khayal chacha delivers the following amounts of milk each week to different families. Complete the table.
Answer:

In simple words: Multiply the number of litres by 1,000 to find the millilitres. For example, 8 l × 1,000 = 8,000 ml.

Exam Tip: Use the conversion rule l × 1,000 = ml to fill in the missing values quickly and accurately.

Page 115

Let Us Think

Question 1. Mary and Daisy filled their bottle with 1l 400 ml of water. They wondered about the capacity of the bottle in ml. How much is it?
Answer: Since 1 litre is the same as 1,000 ml, you can find the total by adding. 1 litre equals 1,000 ml, so 1 l 400 ml becomes 1,000 ml + 400 ml = 1,400 ml. The bottle's capacity is therefore 1,400 ml.
In simple words: 1 l = 1,000 ml. So 1 l 400 ml = 1,000 ml + 400 ml = 1,400 ml.

Exam Tip: To convert mixed litre and ml measurements to ml only, change litres to ml (multiply by 1,000) and then add the extra ml.

Question 2. Convert and fill in the blanks appropriately. You can use the double number line given earlier.
(a) 3 l 8 ml = _____ ml
(b) 9 l 90 ml = _____ ml
(c) 14,075 ml = ____ l ____ ml
(d) 8 l 86 ml = ____ ml
(e) 12,200 ml = ____ l ____ ml
(f) 18,350 ml = ____ l ____ ml
Answer:
(a) 3 l 8 ml = 3,008 ml
(b) 9 l 90 ml = 9,090 ml
(c) 14,075 ml = 14 l 75 ml
(d) 8 l 86 ml = 8,086 ml
(e) 12,200 ml = 12 l 200 ml
(f) 18,350 ml = 18 l 350 ml
In simple words: When converting l and ml to ml only, multiply litres by 1,000 and add the ml. When converting ml to l and ml, divide by 1,000 - the quotient is litres and the remainder is ml.

Exam Tip: Check your answer by working backwards - if you converted 3 l 8 ml to 3,008 ml, verify by dividing 3,008 by 1,000 to get 3 l remainder 8 ml.

Let Us Compare

Question 1. Kiran owns a petrol pump. She records the details of the sales of petrol in a day.
Answer: She records the details of the sales of petrol using both litres and millilitres as units of measurement.

In simple words: To find total fuel, multiply the number of vehicles by how much fuel each one takes.

Exam Tip: Make sure to multiply the number of vehicles by the fuel per vehicle correctly - the total is always the product of these two values.

Question 2(a). How much more fuel is bought for buses than for trucks?
Answer: Buses received 1,800 litres while trucks received 1,500 litres. Subtract the truck fuel from the bus fuel: 1,800 - 1,500 = 300 litres. So buses bought 300 litres more fuel than trucks.
In simple words: Buses got 1,800 l and trucks got 1,500 l. The difference is 300 l more for buses.

Exam Tip: Read the question carefully - "more than" means you need to subtract the smaller quantity from the larger one.

Question 2(b). What is the total quantity of fuel filled from the petrol pump on that day?
Answer: To find the total fuel filled that day, add up all the fuel bought by each type of vehicle. The trucks used 1,500 litres, buses used 1,800 litres, cars used 500 litres, auto rickshaws used 96 litres, and two-wheelers used 125 litres. Adding these together: 1,500 + 1,800 + 500 + 96 + 125 = 4,021 litres.
In simple words: Add all the fuel amounts: 1,500 + 1,800 + 500 + 96 + 125 = 4,021 litres total.

Exam Tip: When adding multiple quantities, work carefully through each term and verify your answer by adding again in a different order.

Question 3. Compare the following quantities using the signs <, =, >.
(a) 5 l 600 ml __________ 5,400 ml
(b) 10 l 100 ml __________ 1 l 600 ml
(c) 190 ml + 800 ml __________ 800 ml + 109 ml
(d) 3 l 600 ml __________ 3,600 ml
(e) 4 l 50 ml __________ 4 l 500 ml
Answer:
(a) 5 l 600 ml = 5,400 ml (both equal 5,600 ml when properly converted)
(b) 10 l 100 ml > 1 l 600 ml (10,100 ml is much greater than 1,600 ml)
(c) 190 ml + 800 ml > 800 ml + 109 ml (990 ml is greater than 909 ml)
(d) 3 l 600 ml = 3,600 ml (both are equal)
(e) 4 l 50 ml < 4 l 500 ml (4,050 ml is less than 4,500 ml)
In simple words: Convert everything to the same unit (either all ml or all l and ml) before comparing, then use the correct symbol.

Exam Tip: Always convert mixed measurements (l and ml) to a single unit before comparing - this prevents careless mistakes.

Question 4. Sam and Tina fill petrol in their bikes. Tina bought 2 l 500 ml of petrol. Sam bought 2 l 800 ml more petrol than Tina. How much petrol did Sam buy?
Answer: Tina's petrol is 2 l 500 ml, which is 2,500 ml. Sam bought 2 l 800 ml extra, which is 2,800 ml more than Tina. Adding these amounts: 2,500 ml + 2,800 ml = 5,300 ml. Converting back to litres and millilitres: 5,300 ml = 5 l 300 ml. So Sam bought 5 l 300 ml of petrol.
In simple words: Tina bought 2,500 ml. Sam bought 2,800 ml more. Together that is 5,300 ml or 5 l 300 ml.

Exam Tip: When a problem says "more than," it means you must add the extra amount to the first person's amount, not replace it.

Page 118

Let Us Solve

Question 1. Riya is filling water bottles for a picnic. She fills one 2 l bottle and four 500 ml bottles. Her friend, Aarav fills three 750 ml bottles. Who filled more water, Riya or Aarav? How much more?
Answer: Riya filled one 2 litre bottle and four 500 ml bottles. The four smaller bottles hold 4 × 500 ml = 2,000 ml = 2 l. So Riya's total is 2 l + 2 l = 4 l. Aarav filled three 750 ml bottles: 3 × 750 ml = 2,250 ml = 2 l 250 ml. Since 4 l is greater than 2 l 250 ml, Riya filled more water. The difference is 4 l - 2 l 250 ml = 1 l 750 ml more.
In simple words: Riya filled 4 litres total. Aarav filled 2 l 250 ml. Riya filled more by 1 l 750 ml.

Exam Tip: When comparing multiple containers, first calculate the total for each person, then find the difference.

Question 2(a). A bottle of milk is poured equally into 8 glasses, leaving 120 ml of milk in the bottle. If each glass has a capacity of 360 ml, what is the total capacity of 8 glasses?
Answer: Each glass holds 360 ml. With 8 glasses, the total capacity is 8 × 360 ml = 2,880 ml. Converting to litres and millilitres: 2,880 ml = 2 l 880 ml. So the total capacity of 8 glasses is 2 l 880 ml.
In simple words: Multiply the capacity of one glass by 8 to find the total: 360 ml × 8 = 2,880 ml or 2 l 880 ml.

Exam Tip: Use multiplication to find the total capacity of multiple identical containers - this is faster than adding each one individually.

Question 2(b). How much milk was there in the bottle initially?
Answer: The milk that was poured into the 8 glasses is 2,880 ml. There was also 120 ml left in the bottle. The total milk at the start is the sum of these two amounts: 2,880 ml + 120 ml = 3,000 ml = 3 l. Therefore, there were 3 litres of milk in the bottle initially.
In simple words: Add the milk in the glasses (2,880 ml) and the milk left in the bottle (120 ml): 2,880 + 120 = 3,000 ml or 3 l.

Exam Tip: When a quantity is split between containers, the original amount is the sum of all the parts - milk in glasses plus milk remaining.

Question 2(c). If 1 l of milk costs Rs 40, how much will 3 l milk cost?
Answer: One litre of milk costs Rs 40. To find the cost of 3 litres, multiply: 3 × Rs 40 = Rs 120. So 3 litres of milk will cost Rs 120.
In simple words: 1 l costs Rs 40. So 3 l costs 3 times as much: Rs 40 × 3 = Rs 120.

Exam Tip: For cost problems, always multiply the price per unit by the number of units needed.

Question 3(a). A juice vendor has a 5 l container of orange juice. Each glass has a capacity 250 ml. How many full glasses can he serve before the container becomes empty?
Answer: The vendor has 5 litres of juice, which equals 5,000 ml. Each glass holds 250 ml. To find how many glasses can be served, divide the total juice by the glass capacity: 5,000 ml ÷ 250 ml = 20. The vendor can serve 20 full glasses before the container is empty.
In simple words: Divide the total juice by the glass size: 5,000 ml ÷ 250 ml = 20 glasses.

Exam Tip: When sharing a quantity into equal portions, use division - the total amount divided by the size of each portion.

Question 3(b). If he has already served 10 glasses, how much juice is left?
Answer: The vendor served juice in 10 glasses at 250 ml each. The amount served is 10 × 250 = 2,500 ml. The original container held 5,000 ml. Subtracting the served amount from the original: 5,000 ml - 2,500 ml = 2,500 ml = 2 l 500 ml. So 2 l 500 ml of juice remains in the container.
In simple words: He served 10 × 250 ml = 2,500 ml. Started with 5,000 ml. Left: 5,000 - 2,500 = 2,500 ml or 2 l 500 ml.

Exam Tip: To find what is left, subtract what has been used or served from the original total.

Question 3(c). If 250 ml of juice is sold at Rs 25, how much will he earn by selling 5 l juice?
Answer: From 5 litres (5,000 ml) of juice, the vendor can fill 5,000 ml ÷ 250 ml = 20 glasses. Each glass sells for Rs 25. The total earnings are 20 × Rs 25 = Rs 500. So by selling all 5 litres of juice, the vendor will earn Rs 500.
In simple words: 5 l = 5,000 ml. Divided by 250 ml per glass = 20 glasses. 20 glasses × Rs 25 = Rs 500 earnings.

Exam Tip: For profit/earnings problems, first find the number of portions, then multiply each portion's price by that number.

Question 4. In a factory, 8 l 400 ml of oil needs to be equally poured into 7 containers for storage. How much oil will each container hold?
Answer: The total oil is 8 l 400 ml = 8,400 ml. This must be divided equally among 7 containers. Dividing: 8,400 ml ÷ 7 = 1,200 ml = 1 l 200 ml. Each container will hold 1 l 200 ml of oil.
In simple words: Convert to ml first: 8 l 400 ml = 8,400 ml. Then divide by 7 containers: 8,400 ÷ 7 = 1,200 ml or 1 l 200 ml per container.

Exam Tip: When dividing mixed measurements, always convert to a single unit (all ml or all litres) before dividing.

Question 5. If one container can hold 1 l 75 ml of buttermilk, how much buttermilk will be there in 8 such containers?
Answer: One container holds 1 l 75 ml. Converting to millilitres: 1 l 75 ml = 1,000 ml + 75 ml = 1,075 ml. For 8 containers, multiply: 8 × 1,075 ml = 8,600 ml. Converting back: 8,600 ml = 8 l 600 ml. So 8 containers will hold 8 l 600 ml of buttermilk in total.
In simple words: One container = 1 l 75 ml or 1,075 ml. Eight containers = 8 × 1,075 ml = 8,600 ml or 8 l 600 ml.

Exam Tip: When multiplying mixed measurements, convert to a single unit first, then multiply, then convert back if needed.