Maharashtra Board Class 7 Civics Chapter 4 Fundamental Rights Part 1 Solutions

1. Answer The Following Questions In Brief:

Question 1. What do you understand by 'Fundamental Rights'?
Answer:
(i) Demanding one's rights is insisting on creating an atmosphere conducive to the development of the self as well as the entire society.
(ii) The Indian Constitution has guaranteed equal rights to all citizens in order to create this conducive atmosphere.
(iii) These rights are Fundamental Rights.
In simple words: Fundamental Rights are the basic rights guaranteed by the Indian Constitution to all citizens. They aim to create an environment where every individual can develop fully and live with dignity, ensuring equality and preventing discrimination.

🎯 Exam Tip: When defining fundamental rights, emphasize their constitutional guarantee and purpose of holistic individual and societal development.

Question 2. Name the awards that are conferred by the Government upon people for their distinguished contribution in different fields.
Answer: Padmashree, Padmabhushan, Padmavibhushan.
In simple words: The Indian Government confers prestigious awards like Padmashree, Padmabhushan, and Padmavibhushan to recognize individuals for their exceptional contributions across various fields.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the three main Padma awards as they are commonly cited examples of national recognition.

Question 3. Why is it prohibited to employ children under 14 years of age in hazardous places?
Answer:
(i) Employing children under 14 years of age in hazardous places can be dangerous. Children may be grievously injured and they may even lose their life.
(ii) To prevent the exploitation of children and ban oppression of any kind, it is prohibited to employ children under 14 years of age in hazardous places.
In simple words: Children under 14 are prohibited from working in hazardous places to protect them from physical harm, potential injury, and death, and to prevent their exploitation and oppression.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the safety and anti-exploitation aspects when explaining child labour prohibition laws.

Question 4. Why has the Constitution given equal rights to all citizens?
Answer:
(i) We get rights at birth. Every newborn baby has a right to live.
(ii) The entire society and government takes efforts to ensure that the baby is in the best of health.
(iii) Only when all individuals get protection from injustice, exploitation, discrimination and deprivation, will they be able to develop their skills and qualities.
(iv) Demanding one's rights is insisting on creating an atmosphere conducive to the development of the self as well as the entire society.
(v) The Indian Constitution has guaranteed equal rights to all citizens in order to create this conducive atmosphere.
In simple words: The Constitution grants equal rights to all citizens from birth to ensure their right to life, health, and protection from injustice. This framework allows everyone to develop their full potential by fostering a conducive and equitable atmosphere.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight birth rights, protection from injustice, and individual development as key reasons for equal rights.

2. Prepare A Picture Strip On The Right To Liberty

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह एक प्रवाह चित्र है जो 'स्वतंत्रता के अधिकार' के विभिन्न पहलुओं को दर्शाता है। इसमें छह मुख्य स्वतंत्रताएँ शामिल हैं: बोलने और अभिव्यक्ति की स्वतंत्रता, शांतिपूर्वक इकट्ठा होने की स्वतंत्रता, संघ या यूनियन बनाने की स्वतंत्रता, भारत के पूरे क्षेत्र में स्वतंत्र रूप से घूमने की स्वतंत्रता, भारत के किसी भी हिस्से में रहने और बसने की स्वतंत्रता, और कोई भी वैध पेशा, व्यवसाय या व्यापार करने की स्वतंत्रता।

3. Correct And Rewrite The Following Sentences:

Question 1. No one gets rights at birth.
Answer: We get rights at birth.
In simple words: Basic rights are inherently granted to every individual from the moment of their birth, not acquired later in life.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand that fundamental rights are considered inherent and inalienable, beginning at birth.

Question 2. Government can deprive you of a job by discriminating on the basis of religion, sex, place of birth while giving government jobs.
Answer: According to the Right to Equality mentioned in our Constitution the State cannot discriminate against any citizen on grounds of religion, sex, place of birth or other grounds
In simple words: The Constitution's Right to Equality ensures that the government cannot discriminate against any citizen based on religion, sex, or place of birth when offering government employment.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the principle of non-discrimination in public employment as a core aspect of the Right to Equality.

4. Complete The Following Graphical Description.

Right To Liberty

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह एक अधूरा प्रवाह चित्र है जिसमें 'स्वतंत्रता के अधिकार' के कुछ पहलू जैसे भाषण की स्वतंत्रता, आंदोलन की स्वतंत्रता और पेशे की स्वतंत्रता दिखाए गए हैं, लेकिन उनके बीच के संबंध या पूर्ण स्वतंत्रताएँ स्पष्ट नहीं हैं। यह छात्रों को शेष स्वतंत्रता पहलुओं को भरने के लिए कहता है।

Answer:

Right to Liberty

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह एक पूर्ण प्रवाह चित्र है जो 'स्वतंत्रता के अधिकार' के सभी छह घटकों को स्पष्ट रूप से दर्शाता है। इसमें भाषण और अभिव्यक्ति की स्वतंत्रता, शांतिपूर्वक इकट्ठा होने की स्वतंत्रता, संघ या यूनियन बनाने की स्वतंत्रता, भारत के पूरे क्षेत्र में स्वतंत्र रूप से घूमने की स्वतंत्रता, भारत के किसी भी हिस्से में रहने और बसने की स्वतंत्रता, और कोई भी वैध पेशा, व्यवसाय या व्यापार करने की स्वतंत्रता शामिल है।

In simple words: The Right to Liberty encompasses various freedoms including speech, assembly, association, movement, residence, and profession, all of which are interconnected elements of a citizen's freedom.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be able to list and briefly explain each of the six fundamental freedoms under the Right to Liberty.

Activities:

• Collect news clippings about certain important rights like the right to information, right to education, etc.
• If you find small children working on construction sites in your neighbourhood, talk to them and their parents about their problems and present the problems in your class.

Do This:

Following are the actions of A, B and C. Which kind of freedom do you connect them with?

Question 1. 'A' established 'Adivasi Co-operation Forum' to solve the problems of the tribal people.
Answer: Freedom to Assemble Peacefully.
In simple words: Establishing a forum to address community issues falls under the freedom to peacefully assemble and form associations.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect actions involving group formation or public gatherings to the freedom of assembly and association.

Question 2. 'B' decided to move his father's bakery production from Goa to Maharashtra.
Answer: Freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India.
In simple words: The ability to relocate one's business or residence anywhere within India is protected by the freedom of movement.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand that freedom of movement includes the right to reside and conduct business anywhere in the country.

Question 3. 'C' found some lacunae in the new tax policy of the Government. He wrote an article about it and sent it to a newspaper for publication.
Answer: Freedom of Speech and Expression.
In simple words: Expressing opinions or criticisms about government policies through writing and publishing is an exercise of the freedom of speech and expression.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognize that writing articles and publishing views are direct forms of exercising freedom of speech and expression.

Let's Discuss:

Question 1. • Children are not employed here. • Workers are paid daily here. You see such boards in shops and hotels. In what way are they related to the Fundamental rights in the Constitution?
Answer: They ensure that the Right against Exploitation mentioned in the Constitution is honoured and the right is not denied to the workers and children.
In simple words: These boards indicate compliance with the Right against Exploitation, ensuring children are not employed and workers receive fair wages, upholding fundamental rights.

🎯 Exam Tip: Link signs prohibiting child labor and ensuring fair wages directly to the constitutional Right against Exploitation.

Question 2. You must be aware of children's rights. Can you name two important rights of children?
Answer:
(a) Right to Protection:

• Right to be protected from all sorts of violence.
• Right to be protected from physical and sexual abuse.
• Right to be protected from dangerous drugs.

(b) Right to Development:

• Right to education
• Right to learn
• Right to relax and play
• Right to all forms of development - emotional, mental and physical.

In simple words: Two important children's rights are the Right to Protection, which safeguards them from harm and abuse, and the Right to Development, which ensures access to education, play, and overall growth.

🎯 Exam Tip: For children's rights, clearly categorize and explain aspects related to safety (protection) and growth (development).

Question 3. Can rights be taken away?
Answer: No, the rights cannot be taken away by anyone.
In simple words: Fundamental rights are inalienable and cannot be arbitrarily removed from individuals.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize the inalienable nature of fundamental rights in your answer.

Question 4. If rights are taken away, who should we contact for redressal?
Answer: If rights are taken away one may appeal in the courts to seek justice for the same.
In simple words: If one's fundamental rights are violated, the judiciary, specifically the courts, can be approached for redressal and justice.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always mention the role of the judiciary (courts) as the protector of fundamental rights.

Question 5. If the pet animals could speak, what rights do you think they would ask from you?
Answer:

• The right to roam around freely, wherever and whenever they wish.
• Right to expression
• Right to eat whatever they want whenever they want.

In simple words: If animals could speak, they would likely demand freedoms akin to human rights, such as free movement, expression, and the choice of food, reflecting basic desires for autonomy and well-being.

🎯 Exam Tip: When imagining rights for animals, consider their natural instincts and basic needs for survival and freedom.

Question 6. What are the advantages of equality before law and equal protection of the law?
Answer:

• There is no discrimination among citizens as superior - inferior, as men-women or while extending any protections like protection from arrest without a warrant.
• There is no discrimination among the citizens on the basis of religion, caste, race, sex, place of birth or residence.
• The inhuman practice of untouchability has been abolished in order to establish equality in the Indian society.
• Titles like Raja, Maharaja, Raobahadur etc. have also been abolished.

In simple words: Equality before law ensures no discrimination based on status, gender, or background, providing uniform protection like protection from arrest without a warrant. It also abolishes practices like untouchability and honorary titles, fostering a truly egalitarian society.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the abolition of discrimination, untouchability, and titles as key benefits of legal equality.

Class 7 Civics Chapter 4 Fundamental Rights Part 1 Additional Important Questions And Answers

Complete The Sentence By Choosing The Appropriate Words From The Options Given Below:

Question 1. The _____ has guaranteed equal rights to all citizens in order to create a conducive atmosphere.(Indian judiciary, Indian Government, Indian Constitution)
Answer: (c) Indian Constitution
In simple words: The Indian Constitution is the foundational legal document that guarantees equal rights to all citizens for a favorable living environment.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that fundamental rights are enshrined in the Constitution itself.

Question 2. We have protection from arrest without _____ (prior intimation, proof, warrant)
Answer: (c) warrant
In simple words: Citizens are protected from arrest without a legal warrant, ensuring due process and preventing arbitrary detention.

🎯 Exam Tip: The term 'warrant' is crucial when discussing protection against arbitrary arrest.

Question 3. _____ gives a guarantee of all the liberties necessary from the point of view of an individual. (Right to Equality, Right to Liberty Right against Exploitation)
Answer: (b) Right to Liberty
In simple words: The Right to Liberty ensures various individual freedoms essential for personal growth and expression.

🎯 Exam Tip: Differentiate between 'Liberty' (freedoms) and 'Equality' (no discrimination) to choose the correct option.

Question 4. _____ implies getting a guarantee to live and availability of a conducive environment for living. (Right against Exploitation, Right to Liberty, Right to Life)
Answer: (c) Right to Life
In simple words: The Right to Life guarantees not just survival, but also a suitable environment to live a dignified existence.

🎯 Exam Tip: The Right to Life is broad, encompassing both survival and the conditions for a decent life.

Question 5. All children between 6 and _____ years of age are entitled to get education as a Fundamental Right. (11,10,14)
Answer: (c) 14
In simple words: Education is a fundamental right for children aged 6 to 14, ensuring access to schooling during their crucial formative years.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the specific age bracket (6-14 years) for the Right to Education.

Question 6. It is prohibited to employ children under _____ years of age in hazardous places. (10,14,16)
Answer: (b) 14
In simple words: Employing children below 14 years in hazardous workplaces is legally prohibited to protect their safety and well-being.

🎯 Exam Tip: The age limit of 14 years is key for laws prohibiting child labor in hazardous occupations.

Match The Following:

Question 1.

Answer: 1-c
2-a
3-b
In simple words: This match correctly links the Right to Equality with no discrimination, the Right to Liberty with individual freedoms, and the Right against Exploitation with banning oppression.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly understand the core principle of each fundamental right to accurately match them.

Name The Following:

Question 1. The equal rights guaranteed to all citizens by the Indian Constitution in order to create a conducive atmosphere for the development of the self and the entire society.
Answer: Fundamental Rights.
In simple words: These are the essential rights enshrined in the Constitution to ensure individual and societal development in a supportive environment.

🎯 Exam Tip: A comprehensive definition of "Fundamental Rights" should include their purpose of societal and individual growth.

Question 2. According to this right, the State cannot discriminate among citizens as superior-interior or men-women and cannot give different treatment or privileges to anybody.
Answer: Right to Equality.
In simple words: The Right to Equality ensures that the State treats all citizens equally, prohibiting discrimination based on social status or gender.

🎯 Exam Tip: The key indicator for the Right to Equality is the absence of discrimination by the State.

Question 3. The State cannot discriminate against any citizen on these grounds for government employment.
Answer: Religion, caste, race, sex, descent or place of birth or religion.
In simple words: In government employment, the State is forbidden from discriminating against citizens based on their religion, caste, race, sex, ancestry, or place of birth.

🎯 Exam Tip: List all the specific grounds of discrimination prohibited by the Constitution regarding public employment.

Question 4. This inhuman practice that was prevalent in our country has been abolished by law.
Answer: Untouchability.
In simple words: Untouchability, a discriminatory social practice, has been legally banned in India to promote equality.

🎯 Exam Tip: Untouchability is a significant example of a discriminatory practice abolished to ensure social equality.

Question 5. These titles have been abolished as it creates artificial hierarchy among people.
Answer: Raja, Maharaja, Raobahadur.
In simple words: Titles like Raja, Maharaja, and Raobahadur were abolished because they created artificial social hierarchies, conflicting with the principle of equality.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand that the abolition of titles supports the constitutional goal of a classless society.

Question 6. Any two freedoms we enjoy as Indian citizens.
Answer: Freedom of Speech and Expression, Freedom to Assemble Peacefully.
In simple words: As Indian citizens, we have the freedom to express our thoughts and opinions, and to gather peacefully for various purposes.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on easily recallable and distinct freedoms like speech and assembly when asked for examples.

Question 7. The new right included in the Right to Liberty.
Answer: Right to Education.
In simple words: The Right to Education has been included as a new aspect of the Right to Liberty, emphasizing access to learning.

🎯 Exam Tip: Note that the Right to Education is a specific addition that enhances the scope of individual liberty.

Question 8. Children between this age group are entitled to get education as a Fundamental Right.
Answer: 6-14 years.
In simple words: Children aged 6 to 14 years are guaranteed the Right to Education as a fundamental right, ensuring access to primary and upper primary schooling.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly state the 6-14 age range when referring to the Right to Education for children.

Question 9. Two places where children cannot be made to work.
Answer: Factories, Mines.
In simple words: Children are prohibited from working in dangerous environments like factories and mines to protect their safety and health.

🎯 Exam Tip: Name hazardous workplaces like factories and mines as examples where child labor is forbidden.

Question 10. It implies getting a guarantee to live and availability of a conducive environment for living.
Answer: Right to Life.
In simple words: This describes the Right to Life, which ensures both the guarantee of existence and access to a suitable environment for living.

🎯 Exam Tip: The Right to Life extends beyond mere survival to include conditions for a dignified existence.

Answer In One Or Two Sentences:

Question 1. When will individual be able to develop their skills and qualities?
Answer: Only when all individuals get protection from injustice, exploitation, discrimination and deprivation, will the individuals be able to j develop their skills and qualities.
In simple words: Individuals can only fully develop their skills and qualities when they are protected from injustice, exploitation, discrimination, and deprivation.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect individual development directly to the absence of injustice and exploitation.

Question 2. What does demanding one's rights imply?
Answer: Demanding one's rights is insisting on creating an atmosphere conducive to the development of the self as well as the entire society.
In simple words: Demanding rights means advocating for an environment that supports personal growth and benefits society as a whole.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize that demanding rights is about creating a favorable environment for both individual and collective development.

Question 3. What does the Right to Education ensure?
Answer: Right to Education ensures that no child between the age of 6 and 14 will be deprived of education.
In simple words: The Right to Education guarantees that every child aged 6 to 14 years receives schooling and is not denied access to education.

🎯 Exam Tip: State the specific age group and the guarantee against deprivation of education for this right.

Question 4. Which are the different forms of exploitation which are prevented through Right against Exploitation?
Answer: Bonded labour or forcing somebody to work against his wish, treating somebody like a slave, denying them legitimate compensation, making them do excessive or strenuous work, starving them or ill-treating them are different forms of exploitation which are prevented through Right against Exploitation
In simple words: The Right against Exploitation prevents practices like bonded labor, forced work, slavery, denial of fair wages, excessive work, and ill-treatment, ensuring human dignity.

🎯 Exam Tip: List several distinct forms of exploitation (e.g., bonded labor, slavery, unfair wages) to demonstrate comprehensive understanding.

Write Short Notes On:

Question 1. Right to Equality
Answer: According to the Right to Equality, the State cannot discriminate among citizens as superior-inferior or a men-women and cannot give different treatment or privileges to anybody. The same law applies equally to all. Many laws give protection. For example, we have protection from arrest without warrant. The State cannot discriminate even while extending such protection.
In simple words: The Right to Equality ensures that all citizens are treated equally by the State, prohibiting discrimination based on status or gender, and guaranteeing equal application of laws and protections like freedom from arbitrary arrest.

🎯 Exam Tip: A good short note on Right to Equality should define non-discrimination, equal application of law, and offer a relevant example like protection from arrest.

Question 2. Right to Liberty
Answer: This is a very important right given by the Constitution. It gives a guarantee of all the liberties necessary from the point of view of the individual. As Indian citizens, we have the right to:

• Freedom of speech and expression.
• Freedom to assemble peacefully.
• Freedom to form associations or unions.
• Freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India.
• Freedom to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India.
• Freedom to practise any profession, or to carry on any occupation, trade or business.

In simple words: The Right to Liberty is a crucial constitutional right that guarantees essential individual freedoms, including speech, assembly, association, movement, residence, and the practice of any profession or trade.

🎯 Exam Tip: For Right to Liberty, mention its importance for individual freedom and list at least 3-4 key freedoms it encompasses.

Question 3. Right against Exploitation
Answer:
(i) The right against exploitation implies the right to prevent exploitation.
(ii) While the Constitution has banned all types of oppressions through the right against exploitation, it has made a special provision to prevent the exploitation of children.
(iii) Accordingly, it is prohibited to employ children under 14 years of age in hazardous places.
(iv) Children cannot be employed or made to work in factories and mines.
(v) Exploitation includes bonded labour or forcing somebody to work against his wish, treating somebody like a slave, denying them legitimate compensation, making them do excessive or strenuous work, starving them or ill-treating them.
(vi) Generally women, children, the weaker sections of society and powerless people are exploited.
(vii) This right enables us to stand up against any kind of exploitation.
In simple words: The Right against Exploitation bans all forms of oppression, specifically prohibiting child labor in hazardous places and addressing issues like bonded labor, slavery, and unfair treatment, empowering vulnerable sections of society.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining Right against Exploitation, include its general purpose (banning oppression), specific provisions (child labor), and examples of exploitation it prevents.

Correct And Rewrite The Following Sentences:

Question 1. No one gets rights at birth.
Answer: We get rights at birth.
In simple words: Fundamental rights are inherent and granted to every individual from their birth.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question tests the understanding that fundamental rights are birthrights.

Question 2. The government can deprive you of a job by discriminating on the basis of religion, sex, place of birth while giving government jobs.
Answer: According to the Right to Equality mentioned in our Constitution the State cannot discriminate against any citizen on grounds of religion, sex, place of birth or other grounds.
In simple words: The Right to Equality in the Constitution forbids the State from discriminating against citizens in government employment based on religion, sex, or place of birth.

🎯 Exam Tip: Reiterate the constitutional guarantee against discrimination in public employment based on specified grounds.

Question 3. People can have titles like Raja, Maharaja, Raobahadur etc.
Answer: The Constitution has abolished titles like Raja,, Maharaja, Raobahadur etc., that create aq artificial hierarchy among people.
In simple words: The Constitution has abolished traditional titles such as Raja, Maharaja, and Raobahadur to prevent artificial social hierarchies and promote equality.

🎯 Exam Tip: Note that the abolition of titles is a measure to prevent social stratification and ensure equality.