Maharashtra Board Class 6 Science Chapter 9 Motion and Types of Motion Solutions

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 6 Science Solutions Chapter 9 Motion and Types of Motion Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Std 6 Science Chapter 9 Motion And Types Of Motion Question Answer Maharashtra Board

Class 6 Science Chapter 9 Motion And Types Of Motion Question Answer Maharashtra Board

1. Identify The Types Of Motion.

Question a. Movement of the earth around the sun: ............
Answer: periodic, drcular
In simple words: The Earth's motion around the sun is a combination of periodic (repeating over time) and circular movements.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that "periodic" refers to motion that repeats at regular intervals, while "circular" describes motion along a curved path.

Question b. Movement of ceiling fan: ............
Answer: circular
In simple words: A ceiling fan exhibits circular motion as its blades rotate around a central axis.

🎯 Exam Tip: Circular motion can also be periodic if the fan rotates at a constant speed.

Question c. A rocket launched from the ground: ............
Answer: linear
In simple words: A rocket launched vertically moves in a straight line, which is an example of linear motion.

🎯 Exam Tip: Linear motion is the simplest type of motion, characterized by movement along a straight path.

Question d. A fish swimming in water: ............
Answer: random
In simple words: A fish swimming often changes direction and speed unpredictably, showing random motion.

🎯 Exam Tip: Random motion lacks a definite path or fixed time interval for repetition.

Question e. The plucked string of a sita.r..............
Answer: oscillatory motion
In simple words: When a sitar string is plucked, it vibrates back and forth rapidly, demonstrating oscillatory motion.

🎯 Exam Tip: Oscillatory motion involves a repetitive back-and-forth movement around a central equilibrium position.

2. Fill In The Blanks.

(linear, non-linear, uniform linear, non-uniform linear, uniform circular, random, circular, non-uniform circular)

Question a. If a ball is released from the terrace of a building, it comes down in ............ motion. On the other hand, it reaches the ground in motion if it is thrown with a force away from the terrace in a direction parallel to the terrace.
Answer: uniform linear, non-uniform linear
In simple words: A falling ball shows uniform linear motion under gravity, while a ball thrown sideways from a terrace exhibits non-uniform linear motion due to changing horizontal speed.

🎯 Exam Tip: Uniform linear motion means constant speed in a straight line, whereas non-uniform linear motion implies changing speed or direction in a straight line.

Question b. The motion of an aeroplane on the runway before take off is ............
Answer: linear
In simple words: An aeroplane moving along the runway in a straight path before lifting off the ground demonstrates linear motion.

🎯 Exam Tip: Take-off involves an initial phase of acceleration in a straight line, which is a classic example of linear motion.

Question c. The kite looking for its prey flies with ............ motion in the sky.
Answer: circular
In simple words: A kite often circles in the sky while searching for prey, exhibiting circular motion as it maintains its aerial survey.

🎯 Exam Tip: Circular motion is observed when an object moves around a fixed point, like a kite hovering and scanning an area.

Question d. Children sitting in a rotating giant wheel have .......... motion, while those sitting in a merry-go-round have a .......... motion.
Answer: uniform circular, non-uniform circular
In simple words: Children on a giant wheel experience uniform circular motion (constant speed in a circle), while those on a merry-go-round might have non-uniform circular motion if its speed changes.

🎯 Exam Tip: The distinction between uniform and non-uniform circular motion lies in whether the speed around the circular path is constant or varying.

3. How Are We Different?.

Question a. Oscillatory motion and Linear motion.
Answer:

🎯 Exam Tip: Differentiate these motions by identifying if the object's path is straight or if it repeatedly returns to a central point.

Question b. Linear motion and Random motion
Answer:

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the predictability of the path; linear is predictable, random is not.

Question c. Random motion and Oscillatory motion
Answer:

🎯 Exam Tip: Random motion lacks a pattern, but oscillatory motion clearly shows repetition and a return to a central position.

4. Explain In Your Own Words, Giving One Example Each.

Question a. Linear motion
Answer: An object that shows displacement along a straight line is called linear motion, e.g. A vehicle moving on a road.
In simple words: Linear motion is simply movement in a straight line, like a car driving straight on a road.

🎯 Exam Tip: The key characteristic of linear motion is that the object's path is entirely straight, without any curves or turns.

Question b. Oscillatory motion
Answer: The motion of a body swinging back and forth is called oscillatory motion, e.g. Motion of a pendulum of a clock.
In simple words: Oscillatory motion is a repetitive back-and-forth swing, like a clock's pendulum.

🎯 Exam Tip: For oscillatory motion, look for objects that move repeatedly between two extreme points.

Question c. Circular motion
Answer: The motion of an object along a circular path is called circular motion, e.g. Motion of a ceiling fan.
In simple words: Circular motion is when an object moves in a perfect circle, such as a spinning ceiling fan.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognize circular motion by the constant distance of the object from a central point of rotation.

Question d. Random motion
Answer: The motion that changes its direction and speed continuously is called random motion, e.g. Motion of a butterfly.
In simple words: Random motion is unpredictable movement with constant changes in direction and speed, like a butterfly flying.

🎯 Exam Tip: The absence of a fixed path or pattern is the defining feature of random motion.

Question e. Periodic motion
Answer: The repetitive motion in which the moving object passes through a certain point again and again after a fixed period is called as periodic motion, e.g. The minute hand of a clock.
In simple words: Periodic motion is any movement that repeats itself after a regular time interval, like the hands of a clock.

🎯 Exam Tip: The key to identifying periodic motion is the regular repetition of the movement over a fixed time.

5. Answer The Following Questions In Your Own Words.

Question a. Which types of motion are seen in birds flying in the sky?
Answer:
1. The birds flying in the sky exhibit random motion.
2. The wings of the birds show oscillatory motion.
In simple words: Birds flying show random motion as their path is unpredictable, while their wings move in an oscillatory (flapping) motion.

🎯 Exam Tip: Many real-world motions, like a bird's flight, are a combination of different types of motion.

Question b. Write in detail about your experience of various types of motion while riding a bicycle on a road.
Answer:
1. The cycle itself shows linear motion.
2. The wheels of the cycle show circular motion.
3. The cycle chain shows periodic motion, if the speed is uniform.
4. The handle bar shows random motion.
In simple words: Riding a bicycle involves linear motion (overall movement), circular motion (wheels), periodic motion (chain if speed is constant), and sometimes random motion (handlebar adjustments).

🎯 Exam Tip: Observe everyday objects to identify how multiple types of motion can occur simultaneously in a single activity.

6. Complete The Puzzle Using Words For Types Of Motion:

Question a. Complete the puzzle using the words for types of motion.
1. A spring is stretched and one end is released.
2. A minute hand.
3. A see-saw.
4-5. Children in a march past.
6. A stone rolling down a hillside.

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह एक वर्ग पहेली ग्रिड है जिसमें 1 से 6 तक संख्याएँ चिह्नित हैं। छात्रों को दिए गए संकेतों के आधार पर विभिन्न प्रकार की गतियों के नाम इस ग्रिड में भरने होंगे। यह दृश्य छात्रों को गति के प्रकारों को पहेली के रूप में समझने में मदद करता है।
Answer:
1. Oscillatory
2. Circular
3. Periodic
4. Uniform
5. Linear
6. Random
In simple words: This question asks to solve a puzzle by matching the given clues to different types of motion. The solutions are: a stretched spring shows oscillatory motion, a minute hand circular, a see-saw periodic, children marching linear (and uniform if in step), and a rolling stone random.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding the characteristics of each motion type is essential for solving such puzzles accurately.

Activity:

Question 1. Make a list of various moving objects in the environment, and discuss the types of motion seen in them.
In simple words: This activity requires students to observe moving objects around them and classify their motions into different types.

🎯 Exam Tip: Practical observation helps solidify theoretical understanding of motion types; be specific with examples and their corresponding motion.

Class 6 Science Chapter 9 Motion And Types Of Motion Important Questions And Answers

Identify The Types Of Motion.

Question 1. The movement of a see-saw.
Answer: oscillatory motion
In simple words: A see-saw moves up and down repeatedly around a central pivot, which is oscillatory motion.

🎯 Exam Tip: Any back-and-forth movement around a fixed point is an example of oscillatory motion.

Question 2. The motion of a moving ant.
Answer: random
In simple words: An ant moves in unpredictable directions and speeds, demonstrating random motion.

🎯 Exam Tip: Random motion is characterized by irregular and unpredictable changes in both direction and speed.

Question 3. The marching army soldiers.
Answer: linear
In simple words: Soldiers marching in formation move in a straight line, which is linear motion.

🎯 Exam Tip: Linear motion implies movement along a straight path, often at a consistent pace in this context.

Question 4. A train approaching a station.
Answer: non-uniform linear
In simple words: A train slowing down as it approaches a station still moves in a straight line but with changing speed, illustrating non-uniform linear motion.

🎯 Exam Tip: Non-uniform linear motion occurs when an object travels in a straight line but its speed is not constant, such as during acceleration or deceleration.

Question 5. A meteor falling from the sky.
Answer: linear
In simple words: A meteor falling straight down through the atmosphere exhibits linear motion.

🎯 Exam Tip: While influenced by air resistance, the primary motion of a falling meteor is generally considered linear for simplicity.

Fill In The Blanks With Suitable Words From Those Given In The Bracket:

(linear, non-linear, uniform linear, non-uniform linear, uniform circular, random, circular, non-uniform circular)

Question 1. The motion that changes its speed and direction continuously is called ............ .
Answer: random
In simple words: Motion where both speed and direction constantly change without a pattern is called random motion.

🎯 Exam Tip: Random motion is characterized by unpredictability and constant variation in movement parameters.

Choose The Correct Alternative:

Question 1. A baby is crawling. The motion is said to be ............ .
(a) linear
(b) periodic
(c) circular
(d) random
Answer: (d) random
In simple words: A crawling baby often changes direction and speed unpredictably, which is an example of random motion.

🎯 Exam Tip: Observe the movement; if there's no clear pattern or straight path, it's likely random motion.

Question 2. The children are having a 50m running race. The motion exhibited is .............. motion.
(a) linear
(b) periodic
(c) random
(d) circular
Answer: (a) linear
In simple words: Running a straight race involves moving along a straight path, which is linear motion.

🎯 Exam Tip: A race typically involves movement in a defined direction, even if speed changes, classifying it as linear.

Question 3. The motions of the hands of a clock are ............ and ............ .
(a) periodic, linear
(b) periodic, circular
(c) non-linear, non-uniform
(d) circular, non-uniform
Answer: (b) periodic, circular
In simple words: Clock hands move in a circle (circular motion) and repeat their full cycle at regular intervals (periodic motion).

🎯 Exam Tip: Clock hands are a classic example demonstrating both periodic and circular motion simultaneously.

Question 4. The motion of a pendulum of a clock is ............ .
(a) linear
(b) oscillatory
(c) circular
(d) random
Answer: (b) oscillatory
In simple words: A clock pendulum swings back and forth in a regular arc, which is known as oscillatory motion.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pendulums exemplify oscillatory motion, a repetitive swing around a central point.

Question 5. The motion of a butterfly from one flower to another flower is an example of ............ motion.
(a) circular
(b) periodic
(c) linear
(d) random
Answer: (d) random
In simple words: A butterfly's flight path, often erratic and unpredictable between flowers, is an example of random motion.

🎯 Exam Tip: Random motion describes movement that lacks a clear pattern or defined direction.

Question 6. The distance traversed by an object in a unit time is called ....... of that object.
(a) length
(b) motion
(c) speed
(d) displacement
Answer: (c) speed
In simple words: The speed of an object tells us how much distance it covers in a given amount of time.

🎯 Exam Tip: Speed is a scalar quantity, only considering the magnitude of distance covered per unit time.

Explain It In Your Own Words, Giving One Example Of Each.

Question 1. Uniform linear motion
Answer: When the distance traversed by an object along a straight line in unit time is the same, the motion is called as uniform linear motion, e.g. Motion of soldiers on parade.
In simple words: Uniform linear motion means moving in a straight line at a constant speed, like soldiers marching in perfect step.

🎯 Exam Tip: Consistent speed and a straight path are the two essential conditions for uniform linear motion.

Question 2. Non-uniform linear motion
Answer: When the distance traversed by an object along a straight line in unit time keeps on changing, the motion is called non-uniform linear motion.
e.g. A girl coming down a slide.
In simple words: Non-uniform linear motion is movement in a straight line but with changing speed, such as a girl accelerating down a slide.

🎯 Exam Tip: The key difference from uniform linear motion is that the speed is not constant, even though the path remains straight.

Question 3. Non-linear motion
Answer: The motion of an object that does not move in a straight line is called non-linear motion.
e.g. Motion of a swing,
In simple words: Non-linear motion occurs when an object's path is curved or irregular, not a straight line, like the arc of a swing.

🎯 Exam Tip: Any motion that deviates from a straight line, including circular or oscillatory paths, falls under non-linear motion.

Question 4. Speed
Answer: The distance traversed by an object in unit time is called the speed of that object.
e.g. A boy riding on a bicycle covers a distance of 15 kilometres in 3 hours.
Hence Speed = \( \frac{15}{3} \) = 5 kilometres/hour
In simple words: Speed is simply how fast an object is moving, calculated by dividing the distance traveled by the time taken.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always remember the formula for speed: Speed = Distance / Time, and ensure units are consistent.

Answer The Following:

Question 1. In which muscial instruments can you see oscillatory motion?
Answer: Vibrating diaphragm of tabla, drum, dhol and strings of sitar, guitar show oscillatory motions.
In simple words: Musical instruments like tabla, drum, dhol, sitar, and guitar produce sound through the oscillatory (vibrating) motion of their diaphragms or strings.

🎯 Exam Tip: Oscillatory motion is fundamental to sound production in many musical instruments, where vibrations create sound waves.

Question 2. With reference to types of motion, complete the table below.

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह गति के प्रकारों को दर्शाने वाला एक फ्लोचार्ट है। शीर्ष पर 'Types of motion' है, जो 'Linear' और 'Non-uniform' में विभाजित होता है। 'Linear' के अंतर्गत एक रिक्त स्थान (1) है। 'Non-uniform' से एक रिक्त स्थान (2) और फिर 'Circular (3)' शाखा निकलती है। 'Non-uniform' से दो अन्य रिक्त स्थान (4) और (5) भी निकलते हैं। यह फ्लोचार्ट छात्रों को गति के वर्गीकरण को समझने में मदद करता है।
Answer:
1. Non-linear
2. Uniform
3. Oscillatory
4. Periodic
5. Random.
In simple words: This activity asks you to fill in the blanks in the provided flowchart to classify different types of motion. The missing types are Non-linear, Uniform, Oscillatory, Periodic, and Random, which complete the classification tree.

🎯 Exam Tip: A solid understanding of motion classifications (e.g., linear vs. non-linear, uniform vs. non-uniform, periodic, oscillatory, circular, random) is vital for such conceptual mapping exercises.

Read The Following Stories And Answer The Questions.

Rita and Geetha are friends travelling from Mumbai to Pune. Seetha had come to the station to see her friends off. After 15 minutes train starts moving. Rita and Geetha feel that Seetha and the vendors on platform are moving backwards. Whereas, Seetha feels that Rita and Geetha are moving forward. Rita feels Geetha is not in motion and Geetha also feels Rita is not in motion. Can you say why?

Question a. Are Rita and Geetha in motion?
Answer: Rita and Geetha are not in motion as far as each other are concerned, as no displacement takes place. Both are in a train. For Seetha, both of them are in motion.
In simple words: Relative to each other, Rita and Geetha are not in motion because they are in the same train; however, relative to Seetha on the platform, they are both in motion.

🎯 Exam Tip: Motion is relative; an object's state of motion depends on the observer's frame of reference.

Question b. Are the vendors and Seetha in motion?
Answer: No, the vendors and Seetha are not in motion. But Rita and Geetha feel as if they are moving backwards.
In simple words: The vendors and Seetha are stationary relative to the platform, but to Rita and Geetha on the moving train, they appear to be moving backward.

🎯 Exam Tip: An object that is stationary in one frame of reference may appear to be in motion from another moving frame of reference.

Question c. What can you conclude from this passage?
Answer: An object which is in motion for one person may not be in motion for another. This shows that motion is relative.
In simple words: The story demonstrates that whether an object is considered "in motion" depends entirely on who is observing it, highlighting the concept of relative motion.

🎯 Exam Tip: The principle of relative motion is crucial: there is no absolute motion, only motion relative to a chosen observer or frame of reference.

Observe And Discuss:

Question 1. Observe the figure and classify the type of motion.

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation):
(1) यह एक घूमते हुए लट्टू का चित्र है, जो घूर्णी गति दर्शाता है।
(2) यह एक लड़का है जो एक डोरी से बंधी गेंद को घुमा रहा है, जो वृत्तीय गति दर्शाता है।
(3) यह एक कुम्हार के चाक का चित्र है, जो वृत्तीय और घूर्णी गति दर्शाता है।
(4) यह एक लड़की को स्लाइड पर नीचे फिसलते हुए दिखाता है, जो रेखीय गति दर्शाता है।
(5) यह बच्चों को झूले पर झूलते हुए दिखाता है, जो दोलन गति दर्शाता है।
(6) यह एक पवन फलक (weather vane) का चित्र है, जो हवा की दिशा के साथ घूर्णी गति दर्शाता है।

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation):
(7) यह एक विशालकाय पहिये (Ferris wheel) का चित्र है, जो वृत्तीय गति दर्शाता है।
(8) यह एक बच्चों के हिंडोले (merry-go-round) का चित्र है, जो वृत्तीय गति दर्शाता है।
(9) यह आसमान में उड़ते हुए पक्षियों का चित्र है, जो यादृच्छिक गति (random motion) और पंखों की दोलन गति दर्शाता है।
(10) यह एक छत के पंखे का चित्र है, जो वृत्तीय गति दर्शाता है।
(11) यह एक लड़के को गोलाकार पथ पर साइकिल चलाते हुए दिखाता है, जो रेखीय और वृत्तीय दोनों गतियों को दर्शाता है।
Answer:
1. Circular motion
2. Linear motion
3. Circular motion
4. Linear motion
5. Oscillatory motion
6. Oscillatory motion
7. Circular motion
8. Circular motion
9. Bird – Random; Wings – Oscillatory motion
10. Circular motion
11. Linear, circular
In simple words: By observing each image, we classify the motion shown: a spinning top is circular, a thrown ball is linear, a potter's wheel circular, a slide is linear, a swing oscillatory, a weather vane oscillatory, a Ferris wheel circular, a merry-go-round circular, a bird's flight random with oscillatory wings, a ceiling fan circular, and a bicycle on a circular path involves both linear and circular motion.

🎯 Exam Tip: Analyze diagrams carefully to identify the primary type of motion, and note if multiple motions are combined within a single system (e.g., bird's flight).

Can You Tell?

Question 1. While chasing a butterfly in a garden, do you run along a definite path or in the same direction all the time?
Answer: No, we move in random motion.
In simple words: When chasing a butterfly, your path is unpredictable and changes constantly, making it random motion.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding random motion involves recognizing unpredictable and continuously changing direction and speed, which is key for scoring.