Maharashtra Board Class 6 Maths Chapter 13 Profit Loss Set 31 Solutions

Profit-Loss Class 6 Maths Chapter 13 Practice Set 31 Solutions Maharashtra Board

Std 6 Maths Practice Set 31 Solutions Answers

Question 1. The cost price and selling price are given in the following table. Find out whether there was a profit or a loss and how much it was.

Ex.	Cost price (in Rs)	Selling price (in Rs)	Profit or Loss	How much?
i.	4500	5000
ii.	4100	4090
iii.	700	799
iv.	1000	920

Answer:
i. Cost price = Rs 4500
Selling price = Rs 5000
Selling price is greater than cost price.
.. There is a profit.
.. Profit = Selling price - Cost price
= 5000-4500
Profit = Rs 500

ii. Cost price = Rs 4100
Selling price = Rs 4090
Cost price is greater than selling price.
... There is a loss.
.. Loss = Cost price - Selling price
= 4100 - 4090
.. Loss = Rs 10

iii. Cost price = Rs 700
Selling price = Rs 799
Selling price is greater than cost price.
.. There is a profit.
.. Profit = Selling price - Cost price
= 799 - 700
.. Profit = Rs 99

iv. Cost price = Rs 1000
Selling price = Rs 920
Cost price is greater than selling price.
... There is a loss.
.. Loss = Cost price - Selling price
= 1000-920
.. Loss = Rs 80

Ex.	Cost price (in Rs)	Selling price (in Rs)	Profit or Loss	How much?
i.	4500	5000	Profit	Rs 500
ii.	4100	4090	Loss	Rs 10
iii.	700	799	Profit	Rs 99
iv.	1000	920	Loss	Rs 80

In simple words: This question asks to calculate profit or loss for different items by comparing their cost price and selling price. If the selling price is higher, it's a profit; if the cost price is higher, it's a loss.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly identify the cost price and selling price. Correctly apply the formulas for profit (SP - CP) or loss (CP - SP) and ensure accurate subtraction for full marks.

Question 2. A shopkeeper bought a bicycle for Rs 3000 and sold the same for Rs 3400. How much was his profit?
Answer: Solution:
Cost price = Rs 3000, Selling price = Rs 3400
.. Profit = Selling price - Cost price
= 3400-3000
= Rs 400
The shopkeeper's profit was Rs 400.
In simple words: The shopkeeper bought a bicycle for Rs 3000 and sold it for Rs 3400. Since the selling price is more than the cost price, he made a profit of Rs 400.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that profit occurs when the selling price exceeds the cost price. Clearly show the subtraction of cost price from selling price to calculate the profit.

Question 3. Sunandabai bought milk for Rs 475. She converted it into yogurt and sold it for Rs 700. How much profit did she make?
Answer: Solution:
.. Cost price = Rs 475, Selling price = Rs 700
.. Profit = Selling price - Cost price
= 700 - 475
= Rs 225
.. Sunandabai made a profit of Rs 225.
In simple words: Sunandabai bought milk for Rs 475 and, after processing, sold it as yogurt for Rs 700. As her selling price was higher, she earned a profit of Rs 225.

🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish between initial cost and final selling price, even if a product is transformed. Calculate profit as Selling Price - Cost Price.

Question 4. The Jijamata Women's Saving Group bought raw materials worth Rs 15000 for making chakalis. They sold the chakalis for Rs 22050. How much profit did the WSG make?
Answer: Solution:
Cost price of raw materials = Rs 15000
Selling price of chakalis = Rs 22050
.. Profit = Selling price - Cost price
= 22050 - 15000
= Rs 7050
.. The Women's Saving Group made a profit of Rs 7050.
In simple words: The group spent Rs 15000 on raw materials and earned Rs 22050 from selling chakalis. Their profit is the difference between these amounts, which is Rs 7050.

🎯 Exam Tip: For multi-step problems, identify the total cost and total revenue. Profit is always calculated as the total selling price minus the total cost price.

Question 5. Pramod bought 100 bunches of methi greens for Rs 400. In a sudden downpour, 30 of the bunches on his handcart got spoil. He sold the rest at the rate of Rs 5 each. Did he make a profit or a loss? How much?
Answer: Solution:
Cost price of 100 bunches of methi green = Rs 400
Since, 30 bunches got spoil,
.. Remaining bunches of methi green = 100 - 30 = 70
Selling price of 1 bunch of methi green = Rs 5
.. Selling price of 70 bunches of methi green = 5 x 70 = Rs 350
Cost price is greater than selling price
... Pramod suffered a loss.
Loss = Cost price - Selling price
= 400 - 350
= Rs 50
... Pramod suffered a loss of Rs 50.
In simple words: Pramod initially spent Rs 400 for 100 bunches, but 30 were ruined. He sold the remaining 70 bunches at Rs 5 each, earning Rs 350. Since his earnings (Rs 350) were less than his initial cost (Rs 400), he incurred a loss of Rs 50.

🎯 Exam Tip: Account for any damaged or unsold goods when calculating total selling price. Compare this *new* total selling price to the original cost price to determine profit or loss.

Question 6. Sharad bought one quintal of onions for Rs 2000. Later he sold them all at the rate of Rs 18 per kg. Did he make a profit or incur a loss? How much was it?
Answer: Solution:
Cost price of one quintal onions = Rs 2000
Selling price of 1 kg onions = Rs 18
Since, 1 quintal = 100 kg
.. Selling price of 1 quintal (100 kg) onions = 18 x 100 = Rs 1800
Cost price is greater than selling price
... Sharad suffered a loss.
.. Loss = Cost price - Selling price
= Rs 2000 - Rs 1800
= Rs 200
... Sharad incurred a loss of Rs 200.
In simple words: Sharad bought 100 kg (1 quintal) of onions for Rs 2000. He sold them for Rs 18 per kg, which totals Rs 1800. Since he spent Rs 2000 and earned Rs 1800, he suffered a loss of Rs 200.

🎯 Exam Tip: Ensure all quantities are in the same units (e.g., kg) before calculating total selling price. Carefully compare the total cost price with the total selling price to determine profit or loss.

Question 7. Kantabai bought 25 saris from a wholesale merchant for Rs 10000 and sold them all at Rs 460 each. How much profit did Kantabai get in this transaction?
Answer: Solution:
Cost price of 25 saris = Rs 10000
Selling price of 1 sari = Rs 460
.. Selling price of 25 saris = 460 x 25 = Rs 11500
Selling price is greater than cost price.
.. Profit = Selling price - Cost price
= 11500-10000
= Rs 1500
.. Kantabai made a profit of Rs 1500.
In simple words: Kantabai bought 25 saris for Rs 10000 and sold each for Rs 460, making a total of Rs 11500. Her profit is the difference between her total selling price and her total cost price, which is Rs 1500.

🎯 Exam Tip: When items are bought in bulk and sold individually, calculate the total selling price by multiplying the number of items by the selling price per item. Then, compare this total with the bulk cost price.

Maharashtra Board Class 6 Maths Chapter 13 Profit-Loss Practice Set 31 Intext Questions And Activities

Question 1. Pranav and sarita had set up stalls in a fun fair. Study the data given below and answer the questions. (Textbook pg. no. 65)
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह चित्र एक लड़के को दर्शाता है जिसका नाम प्रणव है, जो अपनी पव भाजी के स्टॉल पर हुए नुकसान के कारण उदास और निराश दिख रहा है।
Details of Pranav's shopping for his stall:
Vegetables - Rs 70
Butter - Rs 25
Bread - Rs 45
Masala - Rs 14
Miscellaneous - Rs 20
Total
The amount Pranav gained through his sales: Rs 160
How much did Pranav spend in all?
Why is he so disappointed?
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह चित्र एक लड़की को दर्शाता है जिसका नाम सरिता है, जो अपने भेलपुरी के स्टॉल पर हुए मुनाफे के कारण खुश और उत्साहित दिख रही है।
Details of Sarita's shopping for her stall:
Plates - Rs 20
Spoons - Rs 10
Chutney - Rs 30
Puffed rice - Rs 50
Onions - Rs 20
Miscellaneous - Rs 60
Total
Amount Sarita gained by selling: Rs 230
How much did Sarita spend on her bhel?
Why does Sarita look so happy?
Answer: Solution:
Total amount invested by Pranav = 70 + 25 + 45 + 14 + 20 = Rs 174
Amount gained through sale = Rs 160
.. Selling price is less than invested price.
.. Pranav incurred a loss in his Pav Bhaji business. Hence, he is disappointed.

Total amount invested by Sarita = 20 + 10 + 30 + 50 + 20 + 60 = Rs 190
Amount gained by selling = Rs 230
.. Selling price is more than invested price.
.. Sarita made profit in her business. Hence, she is happy.
In simple words: Pranav spent Rs 174 but only earned Rs 160, resulting in a loss and disappointment. Sarita spent Rs 190 but earned Rs 230, making a profit and making her happy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Carefully sum up all investment costs to find the total cost price. Compare this total cost with the total amount gained from sales to determine profit or loss, and explain the reason for the outcome.

Question 2. For the above example,
(1) If Sarita had bought twice as much, would she have gained twice as much?
(2) What should Pranav do the next time he sets up a stall to sell more pav bhaji and make more gains? (Textbook pg. no. 66)
Answer: Solution:
1. If Sarita would have bought twice as much, she would have prepared double quantity of food items. Hence, she would have gained twice as much.
2. Next time Pranav sets a stall, he must sell pav bhaji at a higher cost than he had sold earlier in order to make more gains.
In simple words: (1) Yes, if Sarita scaled up her purchases and sales proportionally, her profit would also double. (2) Pranav needs to either reduce his costs or, more effectively, increase his selling price to cover costs and make a profit.

🎯 Exam Tip: For scaling questions, assume proportionality unless specified otherwise. For improving business outcomes, consider both cost reduction and revenue enhancement strategies, with pricing being a key factor for profit.