Maharashtra Board Class 6 Geography Chapter 7 Rocks and Rock Types Solutions

Rocks And Rock Types Class 6 Questions And Answers

Question. B. Which of the following monuments are built in igneous rock?
(1) The Taj Mahal
(2) Fort Raigad
(3) The Red Fort
(4) Ellora Sculpture
Answer: (2) Fort Raigad
In simple words: Fort Raigad is built from igneous rock, which is a type of rock formed from volcanic activity.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that igneous rocks are known for their hardness and durability, making them suitable for historical constructions like forts.

 

C. Find The Differences Between:

Question 1. Igneous and sedimentary rocks
Answer:

Igneous rocks	Sedimentary rocks
(i) Igneous rocks are rocks formed by cooling and solidifying of molten materials.	(i) Rocks that are formed through deposition and compaction of sediments, especially rock particles transported by rivers, glaciers, wind, etc., are called sedimentary rocks.
(ii) Igneous rocks are hard and homogeneous.	(ii) Sedimentary rocks are generally brittle and light weight.
(iii) Examples: Basalt, pumice	(iii) Examples: Sandstone, limestone, shale, corals

In simple words: Igneous rocks form from cooled magma or lava and are usually hard, while sedimentary rocks form from layers of compacted sediments and are often brittle and lighter.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the origin (molten vs. sediment layers) and key physical properties (hard/homogeneous vs. brittle/light) for distinguishing these rock types.

 

Question 2. Sedimentary and metamorphic rocks
Answer:

Sedimentary rocks	Metamorphic rocks
(i) Rocks that are formed through deposition and compaction of sediments, especially rock particles transported by rivers, glaciers, wind, etc., are called sedimentary rocks.	(i) Rocks are formed due to the process of metamorphosis are called metamorphic rocks.
(ii) One may find fossils in sedimentary rocks.	(ii) Metamorphic rocks do not contain fossils.
(iii) Sedimentary rocks are brittle and light weight. Examples: Shale, corals	(iii) Metamorphic rocks are heavy and hard. Examples: Marble, slate

In simple words: Sedimentary rocks form from accumulated sediments and may contain fossils, whereas metamorphic rocks form from existing rocks undergoing intense heat and pressure, lacking fossils and being generally harder.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the presence/absence of fossils and the process of formation (deposition vs. transformation) when differentiating these rock types.

 

Question 3. Igneous and metamorphic rocks
Answer:

Igneous rocks	Metamorphic rocks
(i) Igneous rocks are rocks formed by cooling and solidifying of molten material.	(i) Rocks formed due to the process of metamorphosis are called metamorphic rocks.
(ii) Igneous rocks are hard and homogeneous.	(ii) Metamorphic rocks are heavy and hard.
(iii) Examples: Basalt, pumice	(iii) Examples: Gneiss, slate

In simple words: Igneous rocks form from cooling molten material and are hard, while metamorphic rocks form from existing rocks under heat and pressure, resulting in heavy and hard structures.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize the starting material (molten vs. existing rock) and resulting properties (hardness, homogeneity) when comparing igneous and metamorphic rocks.

 

D. Which types of rocks are predominantly found at the following locations?
(1) Central Maharashtra
(2) South Konkan
(3) Vidarbha
Answer:

Locations	Types of rocks
(1) Central Maharashtra	(a) Basalt
(2) South Konkan	(b) Laterite and granite
(3) Vidharbha	(c) Basalt, granite and sedimentary rocks

In simple words: Different regions of Maharashtra are characterized by specific rock types; Central Maharashtra primarily has basalt, South Konkan has laterite and granite, and Vidarbha features a mix of basalt, granite, and sedimentary rocks.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing the dominant rock types in specific geographical regions helps understand the geological composition and resource distribution of an area.

 

Activity:

Collect rock specimens from your surroundings and also during your travels. Classify them with the help of your teacher. Make a small museum of rocks for your school and place your specimens there. Keep a note of the place from where you have collected them. (See a specimen display on page 65.)

Visit the historical sites in your surroundings, e.g., hill forts, masonry dams, land forts, bastions, wadas, temples, mosques, etc. and observe with the help of your teacher, the rock used for their construction.

 

Class 6 Geography Chapter 7 Rocks And Rock Types InText Questions And Answers

Do It Yourself!

From the hills, river-beds or the land in your vicinity, collect rock specimens of different types, shapes, colours, etc. Observe the rock specimens and note down the following.

Question 1. Place where the rock was found:
Answer: Sahyadri mountain (Basalt)
In simple words: This rock was found on the Sahyadri mountain range and is identified as basalt.

🎯 Exam Tip: Field observations and proper identification of rock types based on their source location are key skills in geology.

 

Question 2. Colours of the rock:
Answer: Dark-black colour.
In simple words: The rock observed has a dark-black color.

🎯 Exam Tip: Rock color can be an initial indicator of its mineral composition, though it's not always definitive alone.

 

Question 3. Spots on the rock and their colour:
Answer: Dark grey to black.
In simple words: The rock has spots that are dark grey to black in color.

🎯 Exam Tip: The presence and color of spots or grains can provide clues about the rock's texture and constituent minerals.

 

Question 4. Weight of the rock (estimated, heavy/light):
Answer: Heavy.
In simple words: The rock feels heavy.

🎯 Exam Tip: The density and weight of a rock can give an idea of its mineral composition and how compactly its particles are arranged.

 

Question 5. Hardness of the rock, (hard/ brittle/medium):
Answer: Hard.
In simple words: The rock is hard.

🎯 Exam Tip: Hardness is a crucial property for classifying rocks and understanding their resistance to weathering and erosion.

 

Question 6. Structure of the rock, (uniform grains/layers/ hollowness):
Answer: Uniform grains.
In simple words: The rock exhibits a structure with uniform grains.

🎯 Exam Tip: The grain size and uniformity are important textural features that help classify igneous rocks, indicating cooling rates.

 

Question 7. Porosity of the rock, (porous/non-porous):
Answer: Non-porous.
In simple words: The rock is non-porous.

🎯 Exam Tip: Porosity, or the presence of tiny holes, affects a rock's ability to hold water and resist weathering; non-porous rocks are generally more durable.

 

Observe The Pictures Given Below And Answer The Questions:

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह चित्र तीन अलग-अलग भूवैज्ञानिक दृश्यों को दर्शाता है। चित्र (A) एक पहाड़ी को दिखाता है जो मिटटी और चट्टानों से बनी है। चित्र (B) में एक खनन स्थल दिख रहा है जहाँ खुदाई की जा रही है और चट्टानों तथा मिट्टी को ट्रकों में भरा जा रहा है। चित्र (C) में विभिन्न प्रकार, आकार और रंग के कंकड़ और चट्टानें दिखाई गई हैं, जो नदी तल या जलोढ़ जमाव से संबंधित हो सकती हैं।

Question 1. What is the hill in 'A' made up of?
Answer: Hill in 'A' is made up of soils and rocks.
In simple words: The hill shown in picture 'A' is composed of both soil and various rock formations.

🎯 Exam Tip: Hills often consist of a combination of weathered rock (soil) and underlying bedrock, reflecting the geological processes of erosion and deposition.

 

Question 2. What is being done in B'?
Answer: In 'B', the process of digging is shown. The land is dug and the rocks and soil that is extracted is loaded in to a truck.
In simple words: In picture 'B', excavation is taking place where land is dug up, and the extracted rocks and soil are loaded onto a truck.

🎯 Exam Tip: This image illustrates mining or construction activity, where earth materials are extracted and transported for various purposes.

 

Question 3. What do we see in 'C'?
Answer: In 'C' we see pebbles and rocks of different types, shapes, colours, etc.
In simple words: Picture 'C' displays a collection of diverse pebbles and rocks, varying in type, shape, and color.

🎯 Exam Tip: Such diverse collections of pebbles indicate the result of erosion and transport by natural agents like rivers, which sort and round rock fragments.

 

Question 4. Is there any relationship between the three things shown above?
Answer: Yes, these are all pictures of naturally occurring processes on land leading to rock and soil formation.
In simple words: Yes, all three images depict various natural processes on land that contribute to the formation of rocks and soil.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognizing connections between seemingly disparate images helps understand the interconnectedness of geological processes like weathering, erosion, and deposition.

 

Question 5. For what purpose do we use the things shown in A and C?
Answer: We use things shown in A and C for construction purposes; coloured pebbles are used for decoration.
In simple words: The materials from A (hills/rocks/soil) and C (pebbles/rocks) are used for construction, with colored pebbles also serving decorative purposes.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding the practical applications of natural resources like rocks and soil for construction and aesthetics is important.

 

Use Your Brain Power!

Question 1. What rock was used for building the forts in Maharashtra? Why?
Answer: Igneous rocks were used for building the forts in Maharashtra as they are hard, homogeneous and heavy.
In simple words: Igneous rocks were preferred for building forts in Maharashtra because their hardness, homogeneity, and weight provided excellent durability and structural stability.

🎯 Exam Tip: The properties of igneous rocks, such as strength and resistance to weathering, made them ideal construction materials for defensive structures like forts.

 

Question 2. Find the meaning of this line from a famous Marathi poem:
राकट देशा, कणखर देशा. दगडांच्या देशा
Answer: The poet through this line conveys the message that our land is made up of hard rocks. We are a powerful entity and nothing can pose a threat to our Motherland. We can understand all odds.
Similarly like our terrains which are strong, the people of our country are also strong and invincible, incapable of being conquered.
We have imbibed the value of resilience and courage and the ability to withstand all challenges from our terrain.
In simple words: This Marathi poem line translates to "rugged land, tough land, land of rocks," symbolizing that just as the land is strong and resilient, so are its people, capable of overcoming any challenge.

🎯 Exam Tip: Poetic expressions often use geological features to symbolize human qualities and national strength, reflecting cultural connections to the land.

 

What Will You Do?

Question. Ajit is interested in sculpting. He wants to prepare a sculpture of Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam. He cannot decide which rock he should use for this, igneous, sedimentary or metamorphic? What will be your advice?
Answer: I would advise him to use a metamorphic rock like marble. Due to the translucent nature of the marble, it will give the sculpture a glow. Properties like softness and easy availability makes the metamorphic rock, marble an ideal choice. These rocks are heavy and hard. Hence, they are ideal for making sculptures.
In simple words: For sculpting, I would advise Ajit to use marble, a metamorphic rock, because its translucence can create a glowing effect, it's relatively soft enough to carve, widely available, and its inherent hardness and weight make it durable for sculptures.

🎯 Exam Tip: The choice of rock for sculpture depends on desired aesthetic qualities (like translucence), workability (softness), and durability (hardness and weight).

 

Class 6 Geography Chapter 7 Rocks And Rock Types Additional Important Questions And Answers

Fill In The Blanks Choosing The Correct Options From The Bracket:

Question 1. Rocks are a mixture of different minerals formed by natural processes in the _______ (lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere)
Answer: lithosphere
In simple words: Rocks form in the lithosphere, which is the Earth's solid outer layer.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that the lithosphere is the primary domain for rock formation and geological processes.

 

Question 2. There are _______ types of rocks according to their formation process. (four, three, five)
Answer: three
In simple words: Based on how they form, there are three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.

🎯 Exam Tip: The three primary rock types (igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic) are fundamental classifications in geology.

 

Question 3. When the molten material, known as magma within the crust and lava on the surface, cools down, it solidifies giving rise to _______ rocks. (Sedimentary, Igneous, Metamorphic)
Answer: Igneous
In simple words: When molten rock cools and hardens, it forms igneous rocks.

🎯 Exam Tip: The cooling and solidification of magma or lava is the defining characteristic of igneous rock formation.

 

Question 4. We get fossils in _______ rocks. (Sedimentary, Igneous, Metamorphic)
Answer: Sedimentary
In simple words: Fossils are typically found in sedimentary rocks because these rocks form from layers of sediment that can trap and preserve organic remains.

🎯 Exam Tip: Sedimentary rocks are the primary repositories of fossils due to their formation process involving burial and compaction of layers.

 

Question 5. The Maharashtra plateau and the Sahyadris are formed out of _______ rocks. (Sedimentary, Igneous, Metamorphic)
Answer: Igneous
In simple words: The Maharashtra plateau and the Sahyadri mountains are predominantly made of igneous rocks, particularly basalt.

🎯 Exam Tip: The Deccan Traps, which form the Maharashtra plateau, are a large igneous province, making igneous rocks common in the region.

 

Question 6. _______ is a major example of igneous rocks. (Shale, Basalt, Corals)
Answer: Basalt
In simple words: Basalt is a common type of igneous rock.

🎯 Exam Tip: Basalt is a fine-grained, dark-colored extrusive igneous rock, widely known for forming oceanic crust and volcanic plateaus.

 

Question 7. Water percolating through rocks dissolves the soluble minerals leading to _______ of rocks, (weathering, compaction, increased porosity)
Answer: weathering
In simple words: Water seeping through rocks dissolves minerals, causing the rocks to break down through a process called weathering.

🎯 Exam Tip: Chemical weathering often involves water dissolving soluble minerals, leading to the disintegration or decomposition of rocks.

 

Question 8. _______ is a sedimentary rock. (Basalt, Sandstone, Pumice)
Answer: Sandstone
In simple words: Sandstone is a type of sedimentary rock.

🎯 Exam Tip: Sandstone is formed from compacted sand grains, making it a classic example of a clastic sedimentary rock.

 

Question 9. The study of _______ provide information about life in that period. (metamorphosedrocks, Igneous rocks, fossils)
Answer: fossils
In simple words: Studying fossils gives us insights into ancient life forms.

🎯 Exam Tip: Fossils are direct evidence of past life and are crucial for understanding evolutionary history and ancient environments.

 

Question 10. _______ gets metamorphosed when it undergoes heavy pressure, and intense heat. (Coal,, Peat, Silica)
Answer: Coal
In simple words: Coal transforms into a harder form when subjected to high pressure and heat.

🎯 Exam Tip: Coal undergoes metamorphism to form anthracite and eventually graphite, a process driven by intense pressure and temperature over geological time.

 

Question 11. _______ rock is found in the eastern parts and in South Konkap. (Granite,.Marble, Pumice)
Answer: Granite
In simple words: Granite rock can be found in the eastern regions and South Konkan area.

🎯 Exam Tip: Granite, an intrusive igneous rock, is often associated with continental crust and specific geographical regions, including parts of Maharashtra.

 

Question 12. _______ activity is concentrated in South Konkan and eastern Maharashtra. (Fishing, Mining, Construction)
Answer: Mining
In simple words: Mining activities are prominent in South Konkan and eastern Maharashtra.

🎯 Exam Tip: The presence of specific rock types and mineral deposits often leads to concentrated mining activities in certain regions.

 

Question 13. _______ is referred to as primary rocks. (Igneous rock, Sedimentary rock, Metamorphic rocks)
Answer: Igneous rock
In simple words: Igneous rocks are known as primary rocks because they are the first rocks to form from molten material.

🎯 Exam Tip: Igneous rocks are considered primary because they originate directly from the solidification of magma or lava, from which other rock types are subsequently formed.

 

Question 14. _______ is a major example of igneous rock. (Basalt, Pumice, Sedimentary)
Answer: Basalt
In simple words: Basalt is a common example of an igneous rock.

🎯 Exam Tip: Basalt is a widespread igneous rock, making it a key example when discussing rock types.

 

Question 15. _______ rocks are 'formed due to compaction of material. (Metamorphic, Sedimentary, Igneous)
Answer: Sedimentary
In simple words: Sedimentary rocks are created when various materials get compacted together.

🎯 Exam Tip: Compaction and cementation of sediments are the defining processes for the formation of sedimentary rocks.

 

Question 16. _______ rocks are heavy and hard. (Sedimentary, Metamorphic, Igneous)
Answer: Metamorphic
In simple words: Metamorphic rocks are known for being both heavy and hard.

🎯 Exam Tip: The intense heat and pressure involved in metamorphism typically result in rocks that are dense and very hard.

 

Question 17. When coal gets metamorphosed into _______ , its price increases. (garnet, diamond, opal)
Answer: diamond
In simple words: When coal undergoes metamorphism, it can transform into diamond, significantly increasing its value.

🎯 Exam Tip: While coal can form graphite, the mention of increased price strongly points to diamond, which forms under extreme pressure and temperature from carbon-rich materials.

 

Question 18. _______ is found in South Konkan Maharashtra. (Granite, Laterite, Basalt)
Answer: Laterite
In simple words: Laterite is a type of rock commonly found in South Konkan, Maharashtra.

🎯 Exam Tip: Laterite is a soil and rock type rich in iron and aluminium, common in tropical regions and formed through intense weathering, particularly found in the Konkan coastal belt.

 

Match The Pairs Correctly:

Question 1.

Column A	Column B
(1) Igneous rocks	(a) brittle and light weight
(2) Sedimentary rocks	(b) heavy and hard
(3) Metamorphic rocks	(c) hard and homogeneous

Answer:
1-c
2-a
3-b
In simple words: Igneous rocks are hard and homogeneous, sedimentary rocks are brittle and lightweight, and metamorphic rocks are heavy and hard.

🎯 Exam Tip: Matching rock types with their characteristic properties is a good way to reinforce understanding of their formation and composition.

 

Complete The Tabular Form:

Original Rock	Metamorphosed Rock
Granite
Basalt
	Marble
Coal
Sand Stone
	Slate

Answer:

Original Rock	Metamorphosed Rock
Granite	Gneiss
Basalt	Amphibolite
Limestone	Marble
Coal	Diamond
Sand Stone	Quartizte
Shale	Slate

In simple words: This table illustrates how various original rocks transform into different metamorphic rocks under specific geological conditions.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding the parent rock and its corresponding metamorphic equivalent is fundamental to studying rock cycle transformations.

 

Name The Following:

Question 1. Two major rock-forming minerals:
Answer: Silica, aluminium.
In simple words: Silica and aluminum are two significant minerals that compose many rocks.

🎯 Exam Tip: Silica (found in quartz and silicates) and aluminum (a component of feldspar and micas) are among the most abundant elements in Earth's crust and critical for rock formation.

 

Question 2. Hard and homogeneous rocks:
Answer: Igneous rocks.
In simple words: Igneous rocks are characterized by their hardness and uniform composition.

🎯 Exam Tip: The rapid cooling of molten rock often results in a dense, uniformly textured igneous rock, hence its hardness and homogeneity.

 

Question 3. Two sedimentary rocks:
Answer: Shale, corals.
In simple words: Shale and corals are examples of sedimentary rocks.

🎯 Exam Tip: Shale is a clastic sedimentary rock formed from compacted mud, while corals form biochemical sedimentary rocks.

 

Question 4. Rocks which does not contain fossils:
Answer: Metamorphic and Igneous rock
In simple words: Metamorphic and igneous rocks typically do not contain fossils.

🎯 Exam Tip: The intense heat in igneous rock formation and the pressure/heat in metamorphism destroy any organic remains, preventing fossilization.

 

Question 5. One use of diamonds:
Answer: Ornament making.
In simple words: Diamonds are primarily used for making ornaments.

🎯 Exam Tip: Beyond jewelry, diamonds are valued for industrial uses due to their extreme hardness, such as in cutting and grinding tools.

 

Question 6. One activity which leads to increased pressure and heat in that region:
Answer: Volcanic eruption.
In simple words: A volcanic eruption significantly increases pressure and heat in its vicinity.

🎯 Exam Tip: Volcanic activity and tectonic plate movements are major geological events that generate intense heat and pressure, leading to rock transformations.

 

Question 7. Rock found in South Konkan:
Answer: Laterite.
In simple words: Laterite is a rock commonly found in the South Konkan region.

🎯 Exam Tip: Laterite's prevalence in South Konkan is due to its tropical climate and geological conditions that favor intense weathering.

 

Question 8. Rocks that formed by metamorphosis:
Answer: Metamorphic rocks.
In simple words: Rocks formed through the process of metamorphosis are called metamorphic rocks.

🎯 Exam Tip: Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rocks undergo significant changes due to heat, pressure, or chemical alteration.

 

Question 9. Two metamorphosised rocks:
Answer: Marble, Slate.
In simple words: Marble and Slate are two examples of rocks that have undergone metamorphosis.

🎯 Exam Tip: Marble is metamorphosed limestone, and slate is metamorphosed shale, showcasing how parent rocks transform into new types.

 

Question 10. Two igneous rocks:
Answer: Granite and Basalt.
In simple words: Granite and Basalt are two examples of igneous rocks.

🎯 Exam Tip: Granite is an intrusive igneous rock (formed underground), while basalt is an extrusive igneous rock (formed on the surface).

 

State Whether The Following Statements Are True Or False:

Question 1. The properties of rocks depend on their constituent minerals and their proportion alone.
Answer: False.
In simple words: The properties of rocks depend not only on their minerals and proportions but also on their formation process, texture, and structure.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that rock properties are influenced by multiple factors, including mineral composition, texture, and the geological processes that formed them.

 

Question 2. Silica is a rock forming mineral.
Answer: True
In simple words: Silica is indeed a mineral that is a fundamental component in the formation of many rocks.

🎯 Exam Tip: Silica, often in the form of quartz, is one of the most common rock-forming minerals in Earth's crust.

 

Question 3. One may find fossils in Igneous rocks.
Answer: False
In simple words: Fossils are generally not found in igneous rocks because the high temperatures involved in their formation destroy organic remains.

🎯 Exam Tip: The intense heat from molten rock (magma/lava) during igneous rock formation is lethal to organic matter, preventing fossil preservation.

 

Question 4. Weathering of rocks leads to its disintegration or decomposition.
Answer: True
In simple words: Weathering is the process by which rocks break down into smaller pieces (disintegration) or change their chemical composition (decomposition).

🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish between physical weathering (disintegration) and chemical weathering (decomposition) as both contribute to rock breakdown.

 

Question 5. Sedimentary rocks are hard and homogeneous.
Answer: False
In simple words: Sedimentary rocks are typically less hard and less homogeneous compared to igneous or metamorphic rocks; they often exhibit layering and can be brittle.

🎯 Exam Tip: Sedimentary rocks are characterized by layering and often contain diverse sediments, making them less homogeneous and generally softer than igneous or metamorphic rocks.

 

Question 6. Maharashtra has large reserves of mineral wealth.
Answer: False
In simple words: Maharashtra does not possess extensive mineral wealth due to its predominant basaltic rock composition.

🎯 Exam Tip: While some minerals are present, the widespread Deccan Traps (basalt) limit the diversity and quantity of economically viable mineral deposits in Maharashtra compared to other states.

 

Question 7. The Maharashtra plateau and the Sahyadris are formed out of igneous rocks.
Answer: True
In simple words: Both the Maharashtra plateau and the Sahyadri mountain range are primarily composed of igneous rocks, particularly basalt, formed from ancient volcanic activity.

🎯 Exam Tip: The Deccan Traps, a vast igneous province, are the geological foundation for the Maharashtra plateau and the Sahyadri mountains.

 

Question 8. Most of the hill forts in Maharashtra do not have lakes or elephant yards.
Answer: False
In simple words: Many hill forts in Maharashtra indeed have water bodies like lakes or reservoirs, and some even had spaces for elephants.

🎯 Exam Tip: Historical hill forts were often designed with water storage systems (lakes, tanks) and sometimes facilities for animals, which were crucial for siege endurance.

 

Question 9. One can easily see layers in the sedimentary rocks.
Answer: True
In simple words: Sedimentary rocks are characteristically layered, making these strata easily visible.

🎯 Exam Tip: The layered structure (stratification) is a hallmark of sedimentary rocks, reflecting their formation from successive deposits of sediment.

 

Question 10. Sedimentary rocks are generally heavy weight.
Answer: False
In simple words: Sedimentary rocks are generally lighter in weight compared to igneous or metamorphic rocks due to their often porous nature and lower density minerals.

🎯 Exam Tip: While compaction occurs, sedimentary rocks typically remain less dense and lighter than the more solid, crystalline structures of igneous and metamorphic rocks.

Answer The Following Questions In Short:

 

Question 1. What are rocks?
Answer: Rocks are a mixture of different minerals formed by natural processes in the lithosphere. Rocks are found on land surface and also below it.
In simple words: Rocks are natural aggregates of various minerals found both on the Earth's surface and beneath it, formed through geological processes.

🎯 Exam Tip: Students should remember that rocks are mineral mixtures, not single minerals, and their presence is widespread.

 

Question 2. What do the properties of rocks depend on?
Answer: The properties of rocks depend on the constituent minerals and their proportion as well as on the formation process. Silica, aluminium, magnesium and iron are the major rock-forming minerals.
In simple words: A rock's characteristics, like hardness or color, are determined by the types and amounts of minerals it contains and how it was formed.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing the primary rock-forming minerals like silica and aluminum helps understand rock diversity.

 

Question 3. What are the three types of rocks?
Answer: Igneous rocks, Sedimentary rocks and Metamorphic rocks are the three types of rocks.
In simple words: The three main categories of rocks are igneous, formed from cooled magma/lava; sedimentary, formed from compacted sediments; and metamorphic, formed by changes to existing rocks.

🎯 Exam Tip: Classifying rocks into these three types based on their formation is a fundamental concept in geography and geology.

 

Question 4. What are Igneous Rocks?
Answer: When the molten material, known as magma within the crust and lava on the surface cools down, it solidifies giving rise to igneous rocks.
In simple words: Igneous rocks form when hot, molten rock (magma underground or lava on the surface) cools and hardens.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding the origin from molten material is key to defining igneous rocks.

 

Question 5. What information does the study of fossils provide?
Answer: Study of fossils provide information about the life in the olden period.
In simple words: Fossils give us clues about ancient life forms and the environments that existed long ago on Earth.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question assesses knowledge of paleontology's connection to geology, specifically sedimentary rocks.

 

Question 6. Write any two characteristics of metamorphic rocks.
Answer: Metamorphic rocks are heavy and hard.
In simple words: Metamorphic rocks are typically dense and very strong due to the intense heat and pressure they undergo during formation.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on physical properties like hardness and density when describing metamorphic rocks.

 

Question 7. When does coal get metamorphosed?
Answer: When coal undergoes heavy pressure and intense heat it gets metamorphosed.
In simple words: Coal transforms into metamorphic rocks like graphite or diamond under conditions of high pressure and temperature deep within the Earth.

🎯 Exam Tip: The key factors for metamorphism are always pressure and heat, as seen with coal's transformation.

 

Question 8. When does the price of coal increase?
Answer: The price of coal increases when it gets metamorphosed into diamonds.
In simple words: Coal's value dramatically increases when intense geological processes metamorphose it into the much rarer and harder diamond.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question tests understanding of the extreme transformation and value increase associated with metamorphism of carbon-rich materials.

 

Question 9. What is referred to as primary rocks?
Answer: Rocks are formed out of the material from the interior of the earth, these are referred to as primary rocks.
In simple words: Igneous rocks are called primary rocks because they are the first rocks to form directly from molten magma or lava from Earth's interior.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize the direct origin from the Earth's interior as the reason for the term "primary rocks".

 

Question 10. What is called fossils?
Answer: The buried remains of dead animals or plants embedded in the rocks and preserved petrified form are called fossils.
In simple words: Fossils are the preserved traces or remains of ancient organisms, such as plants or animals, found embedded within rocks.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define fossils by mentioning both the organic remains and their preservation within rock layers.

Give Geographical Reasons For The Following Statements:

 

Question 1. Igneous rocks are also referred to as primary rocks.
Answer: As Igneous rocks are formed out of the material from the interior of the earth, these rocks are also referred to as primary rocks.
In simple words: Igneous rocks are considered primary because they originate directly from the Earth's molten interior, making them the first type of rock to form in the rock cycle.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlighting the direct formation from magma/lava is crucial for explaining why igneous rocks are primary.

 

Question 2. Most of the hill forts in Maharashtra have lakes or elephant yards.
Answer:
(i) Hillforts in Maharashtra are old quarry sites from which stone or other materials have been extracted for the construction of the fort and other buildings.
(ii) In the pits and dugouts left behind after rock extraction, water was allowed to accumulate and these lakes, banks, etc., were created.
(iii) Therefore, most of the hill forts in Maharashtra have lakes or elephant yards.
In simple words: Many hill forts in Maharashtra feature lakes or elephant yards because they were built on ancient quarry sites, where the depressions left from rock extraction later filled with water, forming reservoirs.

🎯 Exam Tip: This answer connects historical construction practices with geological features and water resource management, showcasing practical application of rock knowledge.

 

Question 3. Weathering of rocks occurs.
Answer:
• Due to continuous variations in temperature, rocks develop cracks.
• Similarly, the water percolating through rocks dissolves the soluble minerals.
• This leads to the weathering of rocks.
In simple words: Rocks break down and decay due to environmental factors like temperature changes causing cracks and water dissolving minerals, a process known as weathering.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining weathering, mention both physical processes (like temperature changes causing cracks) and chemical processes (like dissolution by water).

 

Question 4. One may find fossils in sedimentary rocks.
Answer:
• One can easily see layers in sedimentary rocks.
• While layers are getting deposited, the remains of the dead animals or plants get buried in these layers at times.
• Therefore, one may find fossils in sedimentary rocks.
In simple words: Fossils are commonly found in sedimentary rocks because these rocks form in layers where dead organic matter can be trapped and preserved over long periods as new sediment accumulates.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize the layered formation and depositional environment of sedimentary rocks as the primary reason for fossil presence.

 

Question 5. Changes in nature, as well as the chemical composition of the original rocks, is witnessed.
Answer:
• Volcanic activity and other earth movements constantly take place on the earth.
• While these are occurring, the igneous and sedimentary rocks in that region are subjected to tremendous pressure and heat.
• This leads to changes in nature as well as the chemical composition of the original rocks.
In simple words: Rocks undergo changes in their physical and chemical properties when exposed to extreme heat and pressure from volcanic activity and Earth movements, transforming them into new rock types.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the transformative agents-tremendous pressure and heat-resulting from geological activity to explain changes in rock composition.

 

Question 6. Maharashtra does not have a large reserve of mineral wealth.
Answer: Maharashtra does not have a large reserve of mineral wealth due to the thick and extensive layers of basalt rocks.
In simple words: Maharashtra lacks extensive mineral wealth because its landscape is largely covered by thick layers of basalt rock, which formed from volcanic eruptions and are generally poor in diverse mineral deposits.

🎯 Exam Tip: Relate the geological history of the Deccan traps (basalt formation) to the limited mineral diversity in Maharashtra.

Answer The Following Questions In Detail:

 

Question 1. What leads to the development of sedimentary rocks?
Answer:
• Due to continuous variations in the temperature, rocks develop cracks.
• Similarly, the water percolating through rocks dissolves the soluble minerals leading to the weathering of rocks.
• They get disintegrated or decomposed i.e. reduced to pieces.
• These rock particles get transported by rivers, glaciers, wind, etc. towards low lying area and are deposited there.
• One after the other, layers of sediments gets deposited in this way.
• The upper layers exert heavy pressure on the lower layers.
• This leads to compaction of materials and development of sedimentary rocks.
In simple words: Sedimentary rocks form when existing rocks weather into smaller particles, which are then transported by natural forces, deposited in layers, and compacted over time by the weight of subsequent layers.

🎯 Exam Tip: Detail the multi-stage process: weathering, transport, deposition, and compaction, as each is a critical component for sedimentary rock formation.

 

Question 2. How are Metamorphic rocks formed?
Answer:
• Volcanic activity and other earth movements | constantly take place on the earth.
• While these are occurring, the igneous or sedimentary rocks in that region are subjected to tremendous pressure and heat.
• This leads to changes in the nature as well as the chemical composition of original rocks.
• The crystals in the original rock gets recrystalized, the rock gets metamorphosed.
• The rocks formed through such a process are ! called Metamorphic rocks.
In simple words: Metamorphic rocks are created when existing igneous or sedimentary rocks are subjected to intense heat and pressure from geological processes like volcanic activity or tectonic movements, causing them to transform in composition and structure.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly explain that metamorphism involves the alteration of pre-existing rocks (igneous or sedimentary) due to heat and pressure, leading to recrystallization.

 

Question 3. How is sand that flows in a river formed? Collect some information about where the sand comes from.
Answer:
• Moving streams are so powerful that it can wear away soil rocks.
• Rocks on higher land get eroded due to the strong current of the streams and they in turn get carried away into the sea.
• Silt too is brought down from the mountain top from where the streams originate.
• Most of the sand in the river is silt carried by the streams and the weather material from inland rocks transported by the streams.
• The moving of soil and rock with the stream, termed as erosion can be summed up as the cause of sand formation in a river.
In simple words: River sand primarily forms from the erosion of rocks and soil in higher areas by strong river currents, which break down and transport these materials downstream as fine particles, eventually depositing them along the riverbed or in the sea.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize the role of erosion and transport by river currents in the formation and movement of sand and silt.

6th Std Geography Questions And Answers: