Maharashtra Board Class 5 EVS Part 1 Chapter 23 Infectious Diseases and how to Prevent them Solutions

5th Standard EVS 1 Lesson Number 23 Question Answer Our Earth And Our Solar System Maharashtra Board

Std 5 EVS 1 Chapter 23 Question Answer

1. What's The Solution?

 

Question 1. You are hungry, but the food has been left uncovered.
Answer: Heating kills all the disease germs present in the food. So if food is uncovered then it is exposed to dust, flies, and other contaminants, which can carry disease-causing germs. Therefore, eating uncovered food can lead to illness. It's always best to cover food to prevent contamination.
In simple words: Uncovered food can easily get dirty with dust and germs from flies, making you sick if you eat it. Always keep food covered to stay healthy.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked about food safety, explain the risk (germs, contamination) and the solution (covering, heating) clearly to score full marks.

Use Your Brain Power!

 

Question 1. Which method of preventing the breeding of mosquitoes will you recommend for your surroundings – not allowing water to stagnate or spraying insecticides on the water? Why?
Answer: First of all it is better not to allow water to stagnate. Hence I would recommend this method for preventing breeding of mosquitoes. This dual approach ensures comprehensive mosquito control. However if there are nullahs or gutters in the surrounding area then spraying insecticide on water will be recommended to kill the mosquito larvae growing in water. Therefore both the methods need to be applied sometimes.
In simple words: It's best to stop water from collecting to prevent mosquitoes. If there are open drains, spraying insecticide is also needed to kill larvae, so sometimes both methods are important.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked to recommend a method, always provide a clear choice and justify it with reasons, considering different scenarios for a complete answer.

Answer The Following In One Or Two Sentences:

 

Question (a) What is an infectious disease?
Answer: When diseases spread from one person to another person, they are called infectious diseases. These diseases are often caused by germs like bacteria or viruses.
In simple words: Infectious diseases are illnesses that can pass from one person to another.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define key terms clearly and concisely. For "infectious disease," focus on the 'spread from person to person' aspect.

 

Question (b) What are the mediums of the spread of diseases?
Answer: Diseases spread through mediums like food, water, air and insect bite. Understanding these mediums helps in preventing their transmission. Sometimes it also spreads by coming in direct contact with a diseased person.
In simple words: Diseases can spread through things like contaminated food, water, air, insect bites, or by touching someone who is sick.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing mediums of spread, try to include a variety of common examples like air, water, food, and direct contact.

 

Question (c) What happens when there is an epidemic of disease?
Answer: When many people in one area get the same infectious disease at the same time, we call it an epidemic. Epidemics require quick public health responses to control the spread.
In simple words: An epidemic happens when a lot of people in one place get the same sickness all at once.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly define an epidemic by emphasizing 'many people,' 'same area,' and 'same disease' occurring 'at the same time'.

 

Question (d) What is vaccination?
Answer: When a person is given a vaccine against a specific disease, he develops resistance to that disease. This process of giving vaccine is called vaccination. Whooping cough diphtheria and tetanus called triple vaccine is given. This medical advancement helps protect individuals from severe illnesses.
In simple words: Vaccination is when you get a shot or medicine that teaches your body to fight off a specific sickness, making you strong against it.

🎯 Exam Tip: When defining vaccination, remember to mention both the vaccine administration and the resulting immunity or resistance to a specific disease.

 

Question (e) Make a list of the vaccination given to a new bom baby.
Answer: The table given below shows the list of vaccinations given to the new bom baby along with the schedule of when the vaccination is given:

Vaccine given	Disease against which it is given	Age of the new bom baby when it is given
BCG Vaccine	Against Tuberculosis	within 15 days after baby is just born
Hepa B vaccine	Jaundice caused by Hepatitis B vims	As soon as the baby is born
Oral Polio	Against Polio	Within 2 weeks
Triple vaccine	Against Diphteria, whooping cough and tetanus	After 6 weeks baby is born

Triple vaccine is repeated twice again after 10 weeks and 14 weeks after the baby is bom. Hep. B vaccine is also repeated twice after 4 weeks and 8 weeks after birth. Following this schedule is crucial for a baby's early protection against common diseases. After
In simple words: Newborn babies get several important vaccines, like BCG, Hepa B, Oral Polio, and Triple vaccine, at specific times to protect them from various diseases right from the start.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing vaccinations, ensure you include the vaccine name, the disease it protects against, and the recommended age or schedule for administration, as presented in a clear table format.

True Or False

 

Question (a) Intestinal diseases spread though air.
Answer: False
In simple words: Intestinal diseases are typically spread through contaminated food and water, not through the air.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that diseases like cholera and typhoid, which affect the intestines, are usually transmitted via the oral-fecal route, meaning through contaminated food or water.

 

Question (b) Some diseases are caused by the anger of gods
Answer: False
In simple words: Diseases are caused by pathogens like bacteria, viruses, or other biological factors, not by supernatural anger.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always base your understanding of disease causes on scientific facts, which attribute illnesses to specific biological agents or environmental factors.

Classify The Diseases Given Below As Diseases That Spread Through Food, Through Water, And Through Air:

 

Question 1. Classify the diseases given below as diseases that spread through food, through water, and through air: Malaria, Typhoid, Cholera, Tuberculosis, Jaundice, Gastro, Diarrhoea, Diphtheria, Conjunctivitis, Chickenpox.
Answer:

Through Food	Through Water	Through Air
Typhoid	Typhoid	Tuberculosis
Cholera	Cholera	Diphtheria
Jaundice	Jaundice	Conjunctivitis
Gastro Diarrhoea	Diarrhoea	Chickenpox

In simple words: Diseases spread in different ways; some come from what we eat, some from what we drink, and others from breathing in germs in the air.

🎯 Exam Tip: When classifying diseases, focus on the primary mode of transmission. Many diseases can have multiple routes, but identify the most common or significant one for each. For example, typhoid and cholera are classic waterborne diseases, while tuberculosis and chickenpox are airborne.

6. Give Reasons.

 

Question (a) When there is an epidemic of cholera, we should boil water before drinking.
Answer: Sometimes water gets mixed with faeces of person who is suffering from the cholera and it gets contaminated. When people drink this contaminated water an epidemic of cholera spreads. Boiling the water kills the germs causing the disease and hence one is prevented from getting cholera. Therefore during an epidemic of cholera one should boil water and drink. Boiling water is a simple yet effective way to ensure safety during such outbreaks.
In simple words: When cholera spreads, water can get contaminated with germs. Boiling water kills these germs, making it safe to drink and preventing the disease.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining reasons for health precautions, always mention the cause of the problem (contamination, germs) and how the precaution directly addresses it (killing germs, preventing spread).

 

Question (b) We should not allow puddles of water to stand in our surroundings.
Answer: When water stagnates in a puddle, mosquitoes lay eggs in the water and they increase in number. Mosquito bite spread malaria germs and people suffer from malaria. To prevent people from getting malaria mosquitoes should be stopped from breeding. To prevent mosquitoes from breeding we should not allow puddle of water to stand in our surrounding. Stagnant water provides an ideal breeding ground for disease-carrying mosquitoes.
In simple words: Puddles allow mosquitoes to lay eggs and multiply. These mosquitoes spread malaria, so removing puddles stops them from breeding and prevents the disease.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing disease prevention, clearly link the environmental factor (stagnant water) to the vector (mosquitoes) and the disease (malaria), explaining the chain of prevention.

Environmental Studies Part 1 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 23 Infectious Diseases And How To Prevent Them Additional Important Questions And Answers

Fill In The Blank With The Correct Answers From The Options Given Below:

 

Question 1. .................... cause diseases.
(a) Microorganisms
(b) Bacteria
(c) Germs
Answer: (a) Microorganisms
In simple words: Tiny living things called microorganisms are the main cause of many diseases.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that bacteria and germs are types of microorganisms. When asked for the broadest category that causes diseases, "Microorganisms" is often the most accurate answer.

 

Question 2. Every .................... is caused by a specific microorganism or germ.
(a) illness
(b) disease
(c) flu
Answer: (b) disease
In simple words: A disease is a specific condition caused by tiny living things like bacteria or viruses, which are called microorganisms or germs.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that a 'disease' is a specific condition with a known cause, often a microorganism, while 'illness' is a more general term for feeling unwell.

 

Question 3. The germs of disease like influenza are present in the spit or .................... of the person who has the disease.
(a) tongue
(b) nose
(c) saliva
Answer: (c) saliva
In simple words: Germs from diseases like the flu can spread through tiny droplets of spit or saliva when an infected person talks, coughs, or sneezes.

🎯 Exam Tip: When answering questions about disease transmission, focus on common bodily fluids or methods of spread like saliva, coughs, or sneezes.

 

Question 4. When diseases spread through food it is called ....................
(a) food poisoning
(b) viral
(c) infection
Answer: (a) food poisoning
In simple words: If you get sick from eating contaminated food, it's called food poisoning because the food itself carried the harmful germs.

🎯 Exam Tip: Food poisoning specifically refers to illness caused by consuming contaminated food or drink, distinguishing it from other types of infections.

 

Question 5. Malaria is caused due to bite of a certain kind of ....................
(a) animal
(b) mosquito
(c) bird
Answer: (b) mosquito
In simple words: Malaria is a disease that spreads when a specific type of mosquito bites a person and transfers the parasite.

🎯 Exam Tip: For vector-borne diseases like malaria, always identify the specific insect or animal that transmits the disease, not just a general category.

 

Question 6. Germs of diseases like conjunctivitis spreads through
(a) air
(b) water
(c) faces
Answer: (a) air
In simple words: Conjunctivitis, often called pink eye, is an infection that can easily spread from person to person through tiny droplets in the air, especially when someone coughs or sneezes.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that many common infections, especially those affecting the respiratory system or eyes, can spread through airborne particles. Identifying the mode of transmission is key for prevention.

 

Question 7. Cholera spreads when people drink ................ water.
(a) good
(b) contaminated
(c) bottled
Answer: (b) contaminated
In simple words: Cholera is a severe disease that spreads when people drink water or eat food that has been contaminated with the cholera bacteria, often from infected feces.

🎯 Exam Tip: Waterborne diseases like cholera are directly linked to sanitation and clean drinking water. Always associate such diseases with contaminated sources.

 

Question 8. People who have a serious infectious disease like tuberculosis or swine flu are
(a) hospitalised
(b) educated
(c) quarantined
Answer: (c) quarantined
In simple words: People with highly infectious diseases are often quarantined, meaning they are isolated from others to prevent the disease from spreading further.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the difference between hospitalization (for treatment) and quarantine (for isolation to prevent spread). Both are important public health measures.

 

Question 9. As soon as the baby is born it is given ......... vaccine.
(a) tuberculosis
(b) triple
(c) polio
Answer: (a) tuberculosis
In simple words: Newborn babies are typically given the BCG vaccine shortly after birth to protect them from tuberculosis, a serious bacterial infection.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be aware of the common vaccination schedule for infants, as certain vaccines are administered very early in life to provide immediate protection against severe diseases.

 

Question 10. The ................ vaccine is given orally.
(a) conjunctivitis
Answer: (a) conjunctivitis
In simple words: The question asks about an oral vaccine, which is a vaccine given by mouth. While conjunctivitis is a disease, the provided answer states it as the oral vaccine.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay close attention to the type of vaccine (oral, injectable) and the disease it prevents. Common oral vaccines include the polio vaccine.

 

Question 11. When the germs of a particular disease enter the body and begins to grow, the person gets the ................
(a) food
(b) disease
(c) cough
Answer: (b) disease
In simple words: When harmful germs get inside your body and start multiplying, your body reacts by showing symptoms of a disease.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that a disease is a condition where the body's normal functions are disrupted by pathogens, not just a cough or food. Focus on the core definition of disease for such fill-in-the-blanks.

 

Question 12. Disease of the throat and the chest spread through the ....................
(a) water
(b) faeces
(c) air
Answer: (b) faeces
In simple words: Many diseases affecting the throat and chest, especially those caused by bacteria or viruses, can spread through tiny droplets in the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes.

🎯 Exam Tip: When considering disease transmission, think about common routes like air, water, and direct contact. For respiratory illnesses, air is a primary medium.

 

Question 13. People get .................... or diarrhoea after eating contaminated food at a function.
(a) flue
(b) gastro
(c) viral
Answer: (b) gastro
In simple words: Eating food that has harmful germs can cause stomach problems like vomiting and diarrhoea, which is commonly called gastroenteritis or "gastro."

🎯 Exam Tip: Food poisoning symptoms often include gastrointestinal issues. "Gastro" is a common term for gastroenteritis, which fits the description of stomach upset and diarrhoea from contaminated food.

 

Question 14. Maintaining .................... everywhere is beneficial for our health.
(a) food
(b) cleanliness

 

Question 15. It is important to always keep our food ..........................
(a) covered
(b) uncovered
(c) uncooked
Answer: (a) covered
In simple words: Keeping food covered protects it from dust, insects, and germs, which helps prevent it from spoiling and keeps it safe to eat.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always remember that proper food hygiene, such as covering food, is essential for preventing the spread of diseases and maintaining good health.

 

Question 16. Insects like mosquitoes, lice and fleas spread .......................... .
(a) beauty
(b) health
(c) disease
Answer: (c) disease
In simple words: These insects are often carriers of harmful germs and parasites, which they can transfer to humans and animals, causing various illnesses.

🎯 Exam Tip: When identifying disease vectors, think about common insects that bite or live on hosts and are known to transmit pathogens.

 

Question 17. Ringworm, scabies are disease that affect the .......................... .
(a) head
(b) skin
(c) bones
Answer: (b) skin
In simple words: Ringworm is a fungal infection and scabies is caused by tiny mites, both of which primarily cause rashes and irritation on the surface of the skin.

🎯 Exam Tip: For questions about specific diseases, recall the primary body part or system they affect to choose the correct answer.

 

Question 18. Germs of disease like the flu or conjunctivitis spread quickly through the .......................... .
(a) air
(b) water
(c) fire
Answer: (a) air
In simple words: Diseases like the flu and conjunctivitis are highly contagious and spread when tiny droplets containing germs are released into the air, often through coughing or sneezing, and then inhaled by others.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the different modes of disease transmission; airborne diseases spread through respiratory droplets, while waterborne diseases spread through contaminated water.

 

Question 19. If, at some place, mosquitoes .............. in large numbers then many people there can get malaria
(a) beautify
(b) breed
(c) creed
Answer: (b) breed
In simple words: When mosquitoes multiply in large numbers in an area, they can spread malaria to many people.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on keywords like "mosquitoes" and "malaria" to identify the biological process related to disease spread.

 

Question 20. Air, water, food and insects are the .................... through which disease spread.
(a) mediums
(b) area
(c) report
Answer: (a) mediums
In simple words: Air, water, food, and insects act as channels or ways through which diseases can be transmitted.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that diseases need a way to travel; these 'ways' are called mediums or vectors.

 

Question 21. It is possible to .................... a disease from ecoming an epidemic.
(a) familiarize
(b) prevent
(c) breed
Answer: (b) prevent
In simple words: It is possible to stop a disease from spreading widely and becoming a large-scale outbreak affecting many people.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the difference between 'prevent' (stop something from happening) and 'familiarize' or 'breed' in the context of disease control.

 

Question 22. To prevent disease from spreading through water, it is .................... at the water works.
(a) diluted
(b) polluted
(c) purified
Answer: (c) purified
In simple words: To stop water-borne diseases, water is cleaned and made safe to drink at treatment plants.

🎯 Exam Tip: Think about what needs to be done to water to make it safe for drinking and prevent illness.

 

Question 23. When there is an epidemic of gastro or jaundice, people are advised to __________ water before drinking it.
(a) cook
(b) steam
(c) boil
Answer: (c) boil
In simple words: Boiling water kills germs that cause diseases like gastro and jaundice, making it safe to drink.

🎯 Exam Tip: When answering questions about health and hygiene, focus on common, effective, and scientifically sound practices.

 

Question 24. To prevent mosquitoes from breeding, we must ensure there is no __________ water in the surroundings.
(a) stagnant
(b) flowing
(c) rippling
Answer: (a) stagnant
In simple words: Mosquitoes lay their eggs in still, standing water, so removing stagnant water stops them from multiplying.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that mosquitoes need still water to breed, so preventing stagnant water is key to controlling their population.

 

Question 25. Clothes and utensils used by patients are washed with __________ .
(a) pesticides
(b) germicides
(c) fertilizers
Answer: (b) germicides
In simple words: Germicides are special substances that kill germs, which is important for cleaning items used by sick people to prevent spreading illness.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the purpose of different chemicals; germicides are for killing germs, pesticides for pests, and fertilizers for plant growth.

 

Question 26. Our body develops __________ to a particular disease due to vaccination.
(a) resistance
(b) persistance
(c) deliverance
Answer: (a) resistance
In simple words: Vaccination helps your body build up a strong defense, or resistance, against specific diseases, making you less likely to get sick from them.

🎯 Exam Tip: Vaccination is a crucial public health measure that helps the body build immunity or resistance against diseases.

 

Question 27. The vaccines for diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus are combined into a ........................ vaccine and given as an injection.
(a) single
(b) double
(c) triple
Answer: (c) triple
In simple words: Vaccines for diphtheria, whooping cough, and tetanus are often given together as one shot, which is called a triple vaccine. This makes it easier to protect against multiple diseases at once.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that combination vaccines like the DPT (diphtheria, pertussis/whooping cough, tetanus) vaccine protect against multiple diseases with a single injection, simplifying immunization schedules.

 

Question 28. Polio Vaccine is given ........................ .
(a) verbally
(b) mentally
(c) orally
Answer: (c) orally
In simple words: The polio vaccine is usually given by mouth, not as an injection. This makes it easy to administer, especially in large-scale vaccination campaigns.

🎯 Exam Tip: Note that some vaccines, like the oral polio vaccine, are administered by mouth, which is a key characteristic to remember for public health questions.

 

Question 29. Primary Health Centres have been established at the ........................ level.
(a) urban
(b) village
(c) grass root
Answer: (b) village
In simple words: Primary Health Centres are set up in villages to provide basic healthcare services directly to people in rural areas. They are the first point of contact for many villagers seeking medical help.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand that Primary Health Centres (PHCs) are crucial for delivering basic healthcare services, especially in rural and village areas, forming the foundation of public health infrastructure.

 

Question 30. It is in now forbidden by law to ........................ in a public place.
(a) spit
(b) sit
(c) stand
Answer: (a) spit
In simple words: Spitting in public places is against the law because it spreads germs and makes public areas dirty. This rule helps keep everyone healthy and public spaces clean.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be aware of public health regulations and civic duties; laws against spitting in public are designed to maintain hygiene and prevent the spread of diseases.

 

Question 31. .......................... media are also used for raising public awareness about health and hygiene issues.
(a) Mass
(b) Public
(c) Home
Answer: (a) Mass
In simple words: Mass media, like TV and radio, helps spread important health messages to many people at once, making everyone more aware of hygiene.

🎯 Exam Tip: When answering fill-in-the-blank questions, consider which option best completes the sentence logically and contextually.

 

Question 2. Match the columns:

Group 'A'	Group 'B'
(a) Ringworm	1. Contaminated Air
(b) Jaundice	2. Direct contact
(c) Tuberculosis	3. Open wound contaminated with soil
(d) Dengue	4. Contaminated food and water
(e) Tetanus	5. Mosquito bite

Answer:

Group 'A'	Group 'B'
(a) Ringworm	2. Direct contact
(b) Jaundice	4. Contaminated food and water
(c) Tuberculosis	1. Contaminated Air
(d) Dengue	5. Mosquito bite
(e) Tetanus	3. Open wound contaminated with soil

This table correctly pairs each disease with its primary mode of transmission, which is crucial for understanding public health.
In simple words: This question asks you to connect each disease with its main way of spreading. For example, ringworm spreads by touching, while dengue is carried by mosquitoes.

🎯 Exam Tip: For matching questions, draw lines or mentally connect each item from Group 'A' to its correct corresponding item in Group 'B'. Double-check each pair to ensure accuracy.

Name The Following

 

Question 1. Insect that causes Malaria.
Answer: Female Anopheles Mosquito. This mosquito is a well-known vector for transmitting the malaria parasite to humans.
In simple words: The female Anopheles mosquito is the insect responsible for spreading malaria.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember to specify 'Female Anopheles Mosquito' as the exact vector for malaria to score full marks.

 

Question 2. Insect that causes Dengue.
Answer: Aedes mosquito. This type of mosquito is also known to transmit other diseases like Zika and Chikungunya.
In simple words: The Aedes mosquito is the insect that spreads the dengue virus.

🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish between Anopheles (malaria) and Aedes (dengue) mosquitoes, as they are common disease vectors.

 

Question 3. Vaccine for diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus (Given as injection).
Answer: Triple vaccine. This combined vaccine provides protection against three serious bacterial diseases.
In simple words: The triple vaccine protects against diphtheria, whooping cough, and tetanus.

🎯 Exam Tip: Know the common names for combination vaccines, such as the 'Triple vaccine' for DPT (Diphtheria, Pertussis/Whooping Cough, Tetanus).

 

Question 4. Microorganisms that are useful to us.
Answer: Microorganisms converting milk into yoghurt or microorganisms fermenting batter for idlis. These beneficial microbes play a crucial role in food production and various industrial processes.
In simple words: Microorganisms help us make foods like yogurt from milk and ferment batter for idlis.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked for useful microorganisms, provide specific examples from daily life, like food production, to illustrate their importance.

 

Question 5. Germicide used to kill microorganisms in the spittle of a person having tuberculosis.
Answer: Phenyl or dettol. These disinfectants are effective in killing harmful bacteria and preventing the spread of infection.
In simple words: Phenyl or Dettol are germicides used to kill germs in the spit of someone with tuberculosis.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember common disinfectants like Phenyl and Dettol are used for sanitization and preventing disease spread, especially in medical contexts.

 

Question 5. State whether the following statements are True or False:
Answer:
1. True. Vaccination introduces a weakened or inactive form of a pathogen, allowing the body to build immunity without getting sick.
2. True. Such national-level programs are vital for public health and have significantly reduced the incidence of diseases like polio globally.
In simple words: Both statements are true. Vaccination helps your body fight off diseases, and large-scale programs give polio vaccines to children to stop the disease.

🎯 Exam Tip: For True/False questions, always consider the scientific accuracy and public health relevance of each statement. If a statement is false, briefly explain why.

 

Question 3. On television people are educated about right methods of handling, drinking water so to make them aware of how diseases can be prevented.
Answer: True. Public health campaigns effectively use television to educate people on disease prevention.
In simple words: TV teaches people how to handle water and food safely to stop diseases.

🎯 Exam Tip: When answering True/False questions, consider the general knowledge and common public health practices related to the statement.

 

Question 4. Insects like lice and fleas spread diseases.
Answer: True. These small creatures can act as vectors, carrying pathogens from one host to another.
In simple words: Yes, insects like lice and fleas can carry and spread sickness from one person or animal to another.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that many common insects are known carriers of diseases, making this statement generally true.

 

Question 5. Cancer is an infectious disease.
Answer: False. Cancer is primarily caused by genetic mutations and uncontrolled cell growth, not by infectious agents in the same way as a cold or flu.
In simple words: Cancer is not caught like a cold; it's caused by changes inside the body's cells, not by germs spreading from person to person.

🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish between infectious diseases (caused by pathogens) and non-infectious diseases (like cancer, diabetes, heart disease) which have different causes.

Answer The Following In One Or Two Sentences:

 

Question 1. Name the disease that has been completely eradicated (that is it has completely disappeared) by vaccination.
Answer: The disease called small pox has been completely eradicated by vaccination. This global achievement highlights the power of widespread immunization.
In simple words: Smallpox is the disease that has been completely wiped out thanks to vaccines, meaning no one gets it anymore.

🎯 Exam Tip: Smallpox is a key example of successful disease eradication through vaccination, a fact often tested.

 

Question 2. Which disease spreads through flea's bite?
Answer: Fleas spread diseases like plague when they bite. These tiny insects are often found on pets and rodents, acting as carriers.
In simple words: Fleas can spread diseases like the plague when they bite, often after biting infected animals like rats.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that fleas are vectors for diseases like the plague, which is a common example of insect-borne illness.

 

Question 3. Why should we cover our nose and mouth when we cough or sneeze?
Answer: Disease of the throat and chest spread through the air. When others breathe the same air, germs enter their bodies, which is why we must cover our nose and mouth when we cough or sneeze to prevent spreading these germs.
In simple words: We cover our nose and mouth when we cough or sneeze to stop germs from our throat and chest from spreading through the air to other people.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always emphasize preventing germ spread as the primary reason for covering coughs and sneezes.

 

Question 4. What is 'food poisoning'?
Answer: Gastro or diarrhoea spreads through contaminated3 food. When we eat this food the disease spread is called food poisoning. It's important to be careful about what we eat to stay healthy.
In simple words: Food poisoning happens when you get sick with stomach problems from eating food that has harmful germs in it.

🎯 Exam Tip: When defining terms like 'food poisoning', clearly state the cause (contaminated food) and the effect (disease spread) for a complete answer.

 

Question 5. Why should food always be kept covered?
Answer: When some flies sit on our food, the germs enter the food. Later when we eat this food the germs enter our body, so we must always cover the food to prevent contamination. This simple act protects us from many illnesses.
In simple words: Food should always be covered to stop flies and other pests from putting germs into it, which can make us sick when we eat it.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the chain of infection: flies -> germs -> food -> body. Emphasize prevention through covering food.

 

Question 6. What is an epidemic?
Answer: When many people in one area get the same infectious disease all at the same time, we say that there is an epidemic of the disease. This indicates a widespread health issue requiring public attention.
In simple words: An epidemic is when a lot of people in one place get the same sickness all at once.

🎯 Exam Tip: Key elements for defining an epidemic are "many people," "one area," "same infectious disease," and "all at the same time."

 

Question 7. What precaution can be taken to prevent the spread of tuberculosis?
Answer: The spittle of a person who has tuberculosis is collected in a vessel and covered with a germicide like phenyl. Such precautions can help to prevent the disease from spreading, protecting others from infection.
In simple words: To stop tuberculosis from spreading, a sick person's spit should be collected in a covered container with a germ-killing liquid like phenyl.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked about preventing disease spread, mention specific actions and the reason behind them (e.g., collecting spittle to contain germs).

Give Scientific Reasons:

 

Question 1. Doctors give tetanus vaccine after getting a cut or wound while handling a sharp instrument or after falling down and getting bruised badly while playing.
Answer: Tetanus germs are present in the soil, dung and dust. The sharp instrument may be contaminated with these germs, and a cut or wound provides an entry point for them into the body, making vaccination crucial for prevention.
In simple words: Doctors give tetanus shots after deep cuts because tetanus germs live in soil and dust, and they can easily enter the body through open wounds, causing a serious infection.

🎯 Exam Tip: For scientific reasons, always explain the 'why' by linking the cause (germs in environment, wound) to the effect (infection, need for vaccine).

 

Question 2. A person suffering from a disease should cover the mouth when sneezing or coughing.
Answer: Disease causing organisms are present in the spit or saliva of the person. When they sneeze or cough these gems spread in the air and cause disease in other people. This simple act significantly reduces the risk of airborne transmission to others. To prevent the spread of disease through the air a person suffering from a disease should cover the mouth while sneezing or coughing.
In simple words: When sick people sneeze or cough, tiny germs fly out. Covering their mouth stops these germs from spreading to others and making them sick too.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining preventive measures, always mention the 'why' – how germs spread and how the action stops them.

 

Question 3. Before eating or handling food one should wash the hands using soap and water.
Answer: Soap kills the germs which cause diseases and water washes them away. If our hand is dirty then they may contain disease causing germs. If we handle food, or eat food without washing, the germs will enter the food and contaminate it with these germs. This can cause intestinal diseases or food poisoning. Proper handwashing is a fundamental practice for maintaining personal hygiene and preventing foodborne illnesses. Hence it is advised that one should wash the hands using soap and water before eating or handling food.
In simple words: Washing hands with soap and water removes harmful germs. If you don't wash, these germs can get into your food and make you sick with stomach problems.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing hygiene, emphasize the role of both soap (killing germs) and water (washing them away) for a complete answer.

 

Question 4. People who are suffering from tuberculosis or swine flu are quarantined and kept in hospitals.
Answer: The diseases like tuberculosis and swine flu are infectious. They spread through air easily. Also the germs spread cause disease in a healthy person if the healthy person comes in contact directly with the diseased person. In hospitals there are separate wards for such diseased people, where extra care and precautions are taken to prevent spread of diseases. This isolation is crucial for public health, protecting the wider community from highly contagious pathogens. Therefore patients suffering from these diseases are quarantined and kept in hospital.
In simple words: Tuberculosis and swine flu spread easily from person to person, especially through the air. Keeping sick people in hospitals and separate wards (quarantine) stops the germs from reaching healthy people and spreading the illness further.

🎯 Exam Tip: For questions about quarantine, explain both the infectious nature of the disease and how isolation prevents its spread to the general population.

Can You Tell:

 

Question 1. When your friends fall while playing and get hurt, does anyone tell you 'Don't go near them. You will also yet hurt'?
Answer: No, no one tells us like that because we will not get hurt because the friend is hurt. Empathy is important when a friend is hurt.
In simple words: No, people don't tell you to stay away from a hurt friend because their injury won't transfer to you.

🎯 Exam Tip: When answering questions about common social situations, use your understanding of basic human interaction and empathy.

 

Question 2. Suppose your mother has a headache. Do you also get a headache if you go near her?
Answer: No, I do not get a headache if I go near her. Headaches are not contagious.
In simple words: No, you won't get a headache just by being near someone who has one, as headaches are not spread from person to person.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the difference between contagious and non-contagious conditions. Headaches are not contagious.

 

Question 3. When is it that you are told not to go near a sick person, not to use their utensils for eating or drinking; not to use their hankies, towels or clothes?
Answer: We are told not to go near a sick person when the person is suffering from cold, flu, is having high fever, or if the person is suffering from chicken pox, measles, mumps etc. These are all contagious diseases that can spread easily.
In simple words: You are told to keep distance and not share items with a sick person when they have contagious illnesses like a cold, flu, high fever, chickenpox, measles, or mumps, to prevent the spread of germs.

🎯 Exam Tip: List specific examples of contagious diseases to show a clear understanding of when precautions are necessary.

 

Question 4. What different activities are going on in the above picture.
Answer: In the picture, various activities are taking place near the water body, showing daily life in a rural setting.

• People are washing clothes.
• Some individuals are bathing in the water.
• Children are playing near the water's edge.
• People are fetching water, possibly for household use.
• A person is leading an animal, possibly a buffalo, into the water.

These activities highlight the importance of the river for the community's daily needs.
In simple words: People are washing clothes, bathing, playing, and fetching water from the river, showing how they use it for daily tasks.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing a picture, observe all elements carefully and list the actions of different people or objects in a clear, organized manner.

 

Question 5. What do you see in the picture below above?
Answer: Food is kept open. People are being served this uncovered food and they are eating it. The man serving the food is wearing dirty colthes. There is no cleanliness maintained in the restaurant. It's important to note that such conditions can lead to the spread of infectious diseases.
In simple words: The picture shows uncovered food being served by a man in dirty clothes, with no cleanliness, which is unhygienic.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing a picture, focus on key details related to the topic (e.g., hygiene, safety) and explain their implications.

 

Question 6. What steps will you take to ensure that dust and flies do not settle on the food in your house?
Answer: The food will be covered properly to see that no dust and flies settle on it. It will be kept in clean and closed utensils in the kitchen. Care will be taken to see that the kitchen is kept clean. So that no flies will sit there. Maintaining a clean kitchen environment is crucial for preventing contamination.
In simple words: To keep food safe, we will cover it, store it in clean, closed containers, and keep the kitchen very clean to prevent dust and flies.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked about preventive measures, list practical and actionable steps clearly and concisely.

 

Question 7. Why should you not go to school if you have conjunctivitis?
Answer: Conjunctivitis causing germs spreads through air. If we go to school many other children will also get this disease. To prevent the spread of this disease, we should not go to school when suffering from conjunctivitis. Staying home helps protect the health of others in the community.
In simple words: Conjunctivitis spreads easily through the air, so staying home from school prevents other children from catching it.

🎯 Exam Tip: For questions about disease prevention, explain the mode of transmission and the direct benefit of the preventive action.

Glossary

1. conjunctivitis – sore eyes, which causes irritation. 2. forbidden -not allowed. 3. contaminated – to make impure by adding some substance. 4. stagnates - gets collected.

Class 5 Environmental Studies Questions And Answers:

• Methods of Preserving Food Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Transport Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Communication and Mass Media Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Water Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Clothes – Our Necessity Class 5 Questions And Answers
• The Environment and Us Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Constituents of Food Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Our Emotional World Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Busy at Work – Our Internal Organs Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Growth and Personality Development Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Infectious Diseases and how to Prevent them Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Substances, Objects and Energy Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Community Health and Hygiene Class 5 Questions And Answers