Maharashtra Board Class 5 EVS Part 1 Chapter 19 Constituents of Food Solutions

5th Standard EVS 1 Lesson Number 19 Question Answer Constituents Of Food Maharashtra Board

Std 5 EVS 1 Chapter 19 Question Answer

1. What's The Solution?

 

Question 1. The body requires adequate quantity of protein.
Answer: To meet the requirement of protein necessary for our body, we should consume protein rich food. We should include foods like, eggs, meat, fish, pulses, beans and dairy products like cheese, milk, yoghurt etc. in our diet. Vegetarian people should also ensure they get enough protein from plant-based sources.
In simple words: To get enough protein, we need to eat foods like eggs, meat, fish, pulses, and dairy products. Vegetarians should focus on plant-based protein sources.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked about dietary requirements, always list specific food examples that fulfill those needs, categorizing them if possible.

Use Your Brain Power!

 

Question 1. Why are children told to drink milk everyday?
Answer: Children are growing tall and hence their bones are also growing. Calcium is needed for strong bones. Hence children need to get large amounts of calcium, for proper growth of bones. Milk is a source of calcium which can supply the required amount of calcium necessary for growth of bones. This daily intake supports their rapid development. Therefore children are told to drink milk everyday.
In simple words: Children need milk every day because it provides calcium, which is essential for their growing bones to become strong.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining biological needs, always link the nutrient to its specific function in the body, like calcium for strong bones.

Give Two Sources Of Each Of The Following Constituents:

 

Question 1. Give two sources of each of the following constituents:
Answer:

Constituents	Examples of Sources of food
(a) Minerals	(1) Milk (2) Green leafy vegetables
(b) Proteins	(1) Egg (2) Pulses
(c) Starch	(1) Potato (2) Jowar

These examples highlight the diverse range of foods that provide essential nutrients.
In simple words: Different foods provide different important parts (constituents) our body needs, like minerals from milk, proteins from eggs, and starch from potatoes.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing sources of nutrients, try to include both animal and plant-based options if applicable to show a broad understanding.

Fill In The Blanks:

 

Question (a) .......... in our food give us the ability to resist diseases.
(a) proteins
(b) vitamins
Answer: (b) vitamins
In simple words: Vitamins are like tiny shields in our food that help our body fight off sickness and stay healthy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that vitamins are crucial for immunity and disease resistance, while proteins are mainly for growth and repair.

 

Question (b) Calcium makes our bones ................................. .
(a) strong
(b) weak
(c) smooth
Answer: (a) strong
In simple words: Calcium is a mineral that helps build and maintain strong bones, making them hard and resistant to breaking.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that calcium is essential for bone health, and a deficiency can lead to weak bones.

 

Question (c) Food stuff that taste sweet contain various kinds of ................................. .
(a) sugars
(b) jaggery
(c) honey
Answer: (a) sugars
In simple words: Sweet foods get their taste from different types of sugars, which are a source of quick energy for our bodies.

🎯 Exam Tip: Sugars are carbohydrates that provide energy, but consuming too much can be unhealthy. Always link food types to their primary nutrient.

 

Question (d) A diet that provides all the constituents of food in the right proportions is called a ................................. diet.
(a) irregular
(b) regular
(c) balanced
Answer: (c) balanced
In simple words: A balanced diet includes all the necessary nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals in the correct amounts for good health.

🎯 Exam Tip: When defining a balanced diet, remember to mention "all constituents" and "right proportions" as key phrases.

5. Answer The Following Questions.

 

Question (a) Of what use are the sugars that we get from the digestion of starch?
Answer: The sugars that we get from the digestion of starch are primarily used by our body as a source of energy. These simple sugars, like glucose, are absorbed into the bloodstream and transported to cells throughout the body, where they are used for various metabolic activities and to fuel daily functions. They are crucial for brain function and muscle activity.
In simple words: Sugars from starch digestion give our body energy to do everything, from thinking to moving.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining the use of digested nutrients, always focus on their primary function, such as energy production or building blocks for the body.

 

Question. Name the sources of fibre in our diet.
Answer: Sources of fibres in our diet are cereals, like wheat, jowar, bajra etc. from which we make chapati or bhakari and all the fruits and vegetables that we eat. These foods are essential for a healthy digestive system.
In simple words: Fibre comes from foods like grains (wheat, jowar) and all fruits and vegetables, helping our digestion.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing sources, provide specific examples like wheat and jowar, and also general categories like fruits and vegetables.

 

Question. What are carbohydrates?
Answer: Constituents of food like starch, fibres and sugars that provide energy to our body are called carbohydrates. They are the body's primary source of energy, fueling all our activities.
In simple words: Carbohydrates are parts of food like starch and sugar that give our body energy to do things.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define carbohydrates by mentioning their key components (starch, fibres, sugars) and their main function (providing energy).

 

Question. What is meant by malnutrition?
Answer: Our diet should supply various constituents like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, viatmins and minerals in the right proportion for proper nourishment and growth. If the diet taken lacks in some constituents over a long period of time, the person does not get proper nourishment. This leads to a condition called malnutrition. Malnutrition has serious consequence on health. Lack of sufficient quantities of proteins and carbohydrates lead to stunted growth. Maintaining a balanced diet is crucial to prevent the long-term health issues associated with malnutrition.
In simple words: Malnutrition happens when your body doesn't get enough of the right nutrients, like proteins or carbohydrates, for a long time, which can stop you from growing properly and cause health problems.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain malnutrition by first describing a balanced diet, then what happens when it's lacking, and finally its consequences like stunted growth.

6. Match The Following

 

Question 1. Match the following:

Column 'A'	Column 'B'
1. Fats	(a) Jowar

Answer: The complete matching pairs for this question are not provided in the source content.
In simple words: This question asks to pair items from Column A with Column B, but the correct pairs are not given here.

🎯 Exam Tip: For 'Match the following' questions, always draw lines or write the correct pairs clearly to show your understanding.

 

Question. Match the following columns:
Column 'A'
1. Fats
2. Proteins
3. Vitamins
4. Minerals
5. Starchy foods
Answer:

Column 'A'	Column 'B'
1. Fats	(b) Oil
2. Proteins	(d) Pulses
3. Vitamins	(c) Bran of cereals
4. Minerals	(e) Iron
5. Starchy foods	(a) Jowar

In simple words: This table correctly pairs different food constituents like fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and starchy foods with their common sources or examples.

🎯 Exam Tip: To score full marks in 'Match the following' questions, ensure you know the primary sources or functions of each food constituent. Practice associating them correctly.

Environmental Studies Part 1 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 19 Constituents Of Food Additional Important Questions And Answers

Fill In The Blanks With The Correct Answers From The Options Given Below:

 

Question 1. Starch turns blackish blue when it comes in contact with .................................... solution.
(a) sodium
(b) calcium
(c) iodine
Answer: (c) iodine
In simple words: Iodine solution is used to test for the presence of starch; if starch is present, the iodine will change color to blackish blue.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the specific chemical test for starch, which involves iodine solution and its characteristic color change to blackish blue. This is a common observation-based question.

 

Question 2. Cereals like jowar, bajra, wheat, rice contain a lot of .......................... .
(a) starch
(b) protein
(c) vitamin
Answer: (a) starch
In simple words: Cereals are a major source of energy for our bodies, and this energy primarily comes from the starch they contain.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that cereals are primarily energy-giving foods, and starch is the main carbohydrate responsible for this energy.

 

Question 3. When the starchy foods we eat are digested .......................... are formed.
(a) chocolate
(b) sugars
(c) fuel
Answer: (b) sugars
In simple words: Our body breaks down complex starches into simpler sugars, which are easier to absorb and use for energy.

🎯 Exam Tip: The digestion process converts complex carbohydrates like starch into simple sugars, which are the body's preferred energy source.

 

Question 4. Sugars formed by the digestion of starch act as .......................... of our body.
(a) strength
(b) fuel
(c) muscles
Answer: (b) fuel
In simple words: Just like a car needs fuel to run, our body uses sugars as its main fuel to perform all daily activities and functions.

🎯 Exam Tip: Think of sugars as the primary energy currency for your body, powering everything from thinking to moving.

 

Question 5. Fibre is also called .......................... .
(a) muscles
(b) fruits
(c) roughage
Answer: (c) roughage
In simple words: Fibre, also known as roughage, is the part of plant foods that our body cannot digest but is important for a healthy digestive system.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing dietary fibre, "roughage" is a common and interchangeable term, so remember both for clarity.

 

Question 6. If our diet does not contain enough fibre, it can lead to .......................... .
(a) constipation
(b) vomiting
Answer: (a) constipation
In simple words: Fibre helps food move smoothly through our digestive system, so without enough of it, waste can get stuck, leading to constipation.

🎯 Exam Tip: A lack of fibre is a common cause of digestive issues like constipation, highlighting its importance for gut health.

 

Question 7. Fats deposited under the skin prevents loss of heat from the body.
(a) Fats
(b) Oil
(c) Muscles
Answer: (a) Fats
In simple words: Fats stored under your skin act like a natural blanket, helping to keep your body warm by stopping heat from escaping.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that fat under the skin is crucial for insulation and protecting against cold, acting as a natural barrier.

 

Question 8. Proteins are known as the building blocks of our body.
(a) Vitamins
(b) Proteins
(c) Carbohydrates
Answer: (b) Proteins
In simple words: Proteins are essential for building and repairing all parts of your body, from muscles to organs, much like bricks are for a house.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always associate proteins with growth and repair, as they are fundamental for all body structures and functions.

 

Question 9. Night blindness is caused due to lack of vitamin A.
(a) vitamin D
(b) vitamin A
(c) vitamin B
Answer: (b) vitamin A
In simple words: Night blindness, which makes it hard to see in dim light, is a common symptom of not getting enough vitamin A.

🎯 Exam Tip: Link specific vitamin deficiencies to their common health issues; Vitamin A is particularly important for good vision, especially in low light.

 

Question 10. Deficiency of iron leads to anaemia.
(a) calcium
(b) protein
(c) iron
Answer: (c) iron
In simple words: Anaemia is a condition where your blood lacks healthy red blood cells, and it's often caused by not having enough iron in your diet.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the role of key minerals; iron is vital for healthy blood and preventing anaemia, which affects energy levels.

 

Question 11. When a person does not get enough proteins and carbohydrates through their diet their growth is
(a) increased
(b) decreased
(c) stunted
Answer: (c) stunted
In simple words: When someone doesn't eat enough proteins and carbohydrates, which are important for growing, their growth can stop or slow down significantly.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that a lack of essential nutrients like proteins and carbohydrates directly impacts physical development, leading to stunted growth.

 

Question 12. Sago and sweet potato contain
(a) starch
(b) protein
(c) carbohydrates
Answer: (a) starch
In simple words: Sago and sweet potato are known for being rich in starch, which is a type of carbohydrate that gives us energy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Associate starchy foods like sago and sweet potato with energy sources, as starch is a primary form of stored energy in plants.

 

Question 13. Cereals like jowar, bajra, wheat, rice contain a lot of
(a) protein
(b) starch
(c) fuel
Answer: (b) starch
In simple words: Common cereals like jowar, bajra, wheat, and rice are primary sources of starch, which is a complex carbohydrate essential for energy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Grains and cereals are fundamental dietary staples, and their main nutritional contribution is typically starch, providing sustained energy.

 

Question 14. We get ....... from starchy foods.
(a) fuel
(b) energy
(c) sugar
Answer: (b) energy
In simple words: Starchy foods are broken down by our bodies to release energy, which powers all our activities.

🎯 Exam Tip: Starchy foods are a major source of carbohydrates, and carbohydrates are primarily converted into energy for the body's functions.

 

Question 15. Our body uses energy for different kinds of .......................... .
(a) food
(b) fuel
(c) work
Answer: (c) work
In simple words: Our body needs energy to perform various activities, and 'work' encompasses all these physical and mental efforts.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that energy is used for all physical and mental activities, which are collectively referred to as 'work' in this context.

 

Question 16. Wheat is ground into a .......................... .
(a) fuel
(b) paste
(c) flour
Answer: (c) flour
In simple words: Wheat grains are crushed into a fine powder called flour, which is then used to make bread and other food items.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the basic processing of common food items; wheat is processed into flour for consumption.

 

Question 17. Bran is a .......................... substance.
(a) fibrous
(b) starchy
(c) sticky
Answer: (a) fibrous
In simple words: Bran is the outer layer of grains like wheat, and it is known for being rich in fiber, which is beneficial for digestion.

🎯 Exam Tip: Associate 'bran' with 'fiber' as it's a key characteristic and important for health.

 

Question 18. In the process of digestion, fibre has a .......................... function.
(a) festive
(b) special
(c) delicious
Answer: (b) special
In simple words: Fiber plays a unique and important role in digestion by helping food move through the intestines and preventing constipation.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognize that fiber is crucial for digestive health, performing a distinct and beneficial role.

 

Question 19. .......................... helps to form stool from undigested food.

🎯 Exam Tip: For fill-in-the-blanks, think about the key components or processes involved in the sentence's context. In this case, fiber is the likely answer.

 

Question 20. Oil is a .................... substance.
(a) fatty
(b) sugary
(c) fibrous
Answer: (a) fatty
In simple words: Oil is known for its greasy, fatty nature, which is why it feels oily to the touch.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that oils are lipids, which are primarily composed of fatty acids, making them a 'fatty' substance.

 

Question 21. Paper becomes .................... when a fatty substance is applied to it.
(a) pulpy
(b) translucent
(c) sticky
Answer: (b) translucent
In simple words: When you put oil or grease on paper, it makes the paper see-through, or translucent, because the oil fills the tiny gaps in the paper fibers.

🎯 Exam Tip: This is a common observation; think about how a greasy food wrapper becomes somewhat see-through. This property is often used in tests for fats.

 

Question 22. Fats in our food provide .................... to our body.
(a) energy
(b) starch
(c) sugar
Answer: (a) energy
In simple words: Fats are a major source of energy for our bodies, helping us stay active and warm.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always remember the primary function of fats in the body is to provide concentrated energy, along with other roles like vitamin absorption and insulation.

 

Question 23. Fats give .................... as much energy as carbohydrates.
(a) once
(b) twice
(c) thrice
Answer: (b) twice
In simple words: Fats provide about double the amount of energy per gram compared to carbohydrates or proteins, making them a very efficient energy store.

🎯 Exam Tip: It's a key nutritional fact that fats are more energy-dense than carbohydrates or proteins, providing approximately 9 calories per gram compared to 4 calories per gram for the others.

 

Question 24. The fats we eat get .......................... in our body.
(a) used
(b) digested
(c) stored
Answer: (c) stored
In simple words: Our body stores extra fats for energy later, like a reserve tank, especially when we consume more than we immediately need.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that fats are primarily stored for long-term energy and insulation in the body, making 'stored' the correct term for their fate.

 

Question 25. The .......................... undergoes wear and tear continuously.
(a) body
(b) mind
(c) soul
Answer: (a) body
In simple words: Our physical body is constantly working, growing, and repairing itself, which leads to continuous wear and tear.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand that "wear and tear" refers to the physical breakdown and repair processes that continuously happen in living organisms, making the body the correct answer.

 

Question 26. Malnutrition has serious .......................... for the person's health.
(a) essentials
(b) viruses
(c) consequences
Answer: (c) consequences
In simple words: Not getting enough proper food can lead to serious health problems, which are the negative consequences of malnutrition.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing health issues, "consequences" is often the most appropriate term for the negative effects or outcomes that follow a condition like malnutrition.

 

Question (A) Match The Following

Column 'A'	Column 'B'

 

Question. Match the following:
1. Iron deficiency (a) Weak and brittle bones
2. Calcium deficiency (b) Malnutrition
3. Vitamin A deficiency (c) Weak bones and teeth
4. Vitamin D deficiency (d) Anaemia
5. Proteins and Carbohydrate deficiency (e) Night blindness
Answer:

Column 'A'	Column 'B'
1. Iron deficiency	(d) Anaemia
2. Calcium deficiency	(c) Weak bones and teeth
3. Vitamin A deficiency	(e) Night blindness
4. Vitamin D deficiency	(a) Weak and brittle bones
5. Proteins and Carbohydrate deficiency	(b) Malnutrition

This table clearly shows the correct links between nutritional deficiencies and their resulting health issues.
In simple words: Matching deficiencies to their symptoms helps understand how different nutrients affect our body's health.

🎯 Exam Tip: Memorize the common deficiency diseases for key vitamins and minerals, as these are frequently asked in matching questions.

 

Question (B) Match the following:
Column 'A'
1. Constituent of food giving energy
2. Costituent of food needed for repair
3. Constituent of food proetcting internal organs
4. Constituents of food helping in resisting diseases
Column 'B'
(a) Iron
(b) Vitamins
(c) Proteins
(d) Carbohydrates
Answer:

Column 'A'	Column 'B'
1. Constituent of food giving energy	(d) Carbohydrates
2. Constituent of food needed for repair	(c) Proteins
3. Constituent of food protecting internal organs	(c) Proteins
4. Constituents of food helping in resisting diseases	(b) Vitamins

Understanding the primary functions of each food constituent is crucial for a balanced diet.
In simple words: Different parts of our food do different jobs: carbohydrates give energy, proteins build and fix our body, and vitamins help us fight off sickness.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the main function of each nutrient type (e.g., carbohydrates for energy, proteins for growth and repair, vitamins for protection) to correctly match them.

 

Question 1. Give two sources of each of the following constituents:
Answer:
(a) Vitamin A: (1) Carrots (2) Papaya
(b) Calcium: (1) Milk, cheese (Dairy products) (2) brocoli (3) Leafy vegetables
(c) Fats: (1) Oils (2) Butter (3) Peanut
(d) Iron: (1) Meat (2) Spinach (palak)
(e) Vitamin C: (1) Lemon (2) Tomatoes (3) Sprouted pulses
These sources provide essential nutrients vital for maintaining good health and proper bodily functions.
In simple words: Knowing the sources of essential nutrients helps us plan a balanced diet for good health.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked for sources, try to list both plant-based and animal-based options where applicable to show comprehensive knowledge.

(f) Sugars
(1) Fruits (2) Sugarcane

(g) Vitamin D
(1) Fish oil like (Cod liver oil) (2) egg yolk

(h) Vitamin B
(1) Nuts (2) Green leafy vegetables like spinach, broccoli etc. (3) cereals (wheat, millet)

Answer The Following In One Or Two Sentences

 

Question 1. How will you detect the presence of starch in food?
Answer: The presence of starch in food is detected by adding iodine solution. This simple chemical test is a common way to identify carbohydrates. If the food turns bluish black then starch is present.
In simple words: To find starch, add iodine solution to food. If it turns blue-black, starch is there.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the specific color change (bluish black) and the reagent (iodine solution) for detecting starch, as these are key terms.

 

Question 2. What is a balanced diet?
Answer: A diet which provides all the constituents like, protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals in right quantities is called a balanced diet. Eating a balanced diet is crucial for maintaining good health and energy levels.
In simple words: A balanced diet gives your body all the necessary nutrients like proteins, carbs, fats, vitamins, and minerals in the correct amounts.

🎯 Exam Tip: When defining a balanced diet, ensure you list the main nutrient categories (protein, carbs, fats, vitamins, minerals) and emphasize "right quantities."

 

Question 3. Which food constituents are necessary for normal functioning of various processes in our body and help in maintaining resistance to diseases.
Answer: Vitamins and minerals are the food constituents which are necessary for normal functioning of various processes in our body and help in maintaining resistance to diseases. These micronutrients play a vital role in boosting immunity and overall bodily functions.
In simple words: Vitamins and minerals are important food parts that help our body work properly and fight off sickness.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on "vitamins and minerals" as the key constituents for body functioning and disease resistance. This is a direct recall question.

 

Question 4. Why are proteins called building blocks of our body?
Answer: Proteins help in healing and repairing of our body which undergoes wear and tear continuously and it also helps in building muscles. They are essential for growth and maintenance of all body tissues. Therefore they are called building blocks of our body.
In simple words: Proteins are called building blocks because they fix and repair our body parts, especially muscles, which are always wearing out and rebuilding.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining why proteins are "building blocks," mention their roles in "healing," "repairing," and "building muscles" to score full marks.

 

Question 5. Which mineral in necessary for carrying oxygen to different parts of our body?
Answer: Iron is necessary for carrying oxygen to different parts of our body. This vital mineral is a key component of hemoglobin.
In simple words: Iron acts like a tiny vehicle, helping your blood carry oxygen to all parts of your body.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that iron is crucial for blood formation and oxygen transport, making it a very important mineral for overall health.

 

Question 6. Which minerals and vitamin help to make our bones strong?
Answer: Vitamin D and the mineral calcium makes our bones strong. These two nutrients work together to ensure proper bone development and maintenance.
In simple words: Vitamin D helps your body absorb calcium, and calcium is the main building block that makes your bones strong.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always associate Vitamin D with calcium absorption, as they are a powerful duo for bone health.

 

Question 7. What do we obtain from cereals?
Answer: We obtain flour from cereals like jowar, bajra, wheat and rice. These grains are a primary source of carbohydrates for energy.
In simple words: Cereals like wheat and rice are ground into flour, which we use to make bread, rotis, and many other foods.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked about cereals, remember to list common examples and their main product, flour, which is a staple food.

 

Question 8. What is the sugar obtined from jaggery and table sugar called?
Answer: Sugar obtained from jaggery and table sugar is called sucrose. Sucrose is a disaccharide, meaning it's made of two simpler sugar units.
In simple words: The sweet substance you get from jaggery and regular sugar is known as sucrose.

🎯 Exam Tip: Know the specific names for different types of sugars; sucrose is the common table sugar.

 

Question 9. How does fibrous substance help in our digestion?
Answer: Fibrous substances help the food to move forward in the alimentary canal at the right speed. This prevents constipation and aids in regular bowel movements.
In simple words: Fibre acts like a broom in your digestive system, helping food move smoothly and preventing it from getting stuck.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize that fibre's main role in digestion is to facilitate the movement of food and prevent constipation.

 

Question 10. How is carbohydrates useful to the body?
Answer: The most important use of carbohydrates is to provide the body with energy. They are the body's preferred source of fuel for daily activities.
In simple words: Carbohydrates are like the fuel for your body, giving you the energy you need to play, study, and do everything else.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always remember that the primary function of carbohydrates is to supply energy to the body.

 

Question 11. What happens if our food does not contain enough fibre?
Answer: If our food does not contain enough fibre, it can lead to digestive problems like constipation, making it harder for food to move through the digestive system efficiently. A lack of fibre can also increase the risk of certain bowel conditions.
In simple words: Not eating enough fibre can make your digestion slow down, causing problems like constipation and making it difficult for your body to get rid of waste.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing the lack of fibre, focus on the negative impacts on digestion, particularly constipation and inefficient waste removal.

 

Question 12. What does paper becoming translucent signify?
Answer: Paper becoming translucent is a sign of the presence of fats in the food stuff kept on it. This simple test helps identify the presence of lipids.
In simple words: If paper turns see-through after food is placed on it, it means the food contains fat.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that the translucent spot on paper is a classic indicator for the presence of fats in food items, a common observation in nutrition experiments.

 

Question 13. Which food item contain fats?
Answer: Cream, butter, ghee, oil, nuts, meat, egg, yolk contain fats. These foods are important sources of energy for the body.
In simple words: Foods like cream, butter, oils, nuts, and egg yolks are rich in fats.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing food items, try to include a variety from different categories (dairy, plant-based, animal products) to show comprehensive knowledge.

 

Question 14. Why does our body store the fats we eat?
Answer: Our body store the fats we eat because if sometimes food is not available then it can get energy from the stored fats. This stored fat acts as an energy reserve for times of need.
In simple words: Our body stores fat as an energy backup, so we have fuel even when we don't eat for a while.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize the role of stored fats as an "energy reserve" or "backup fuel" to score well on questions about their function.

 

Question 15. Where does the body store fats?
Answer: The body stores fats in a layer under the skin. This subcutaneous fat also helps with insulation.
In simple words: Fats are stored just beneath our skin.

🎯 Exam Tip: The term "subcutaneous layer" is a good keyword to use when describing where fat is stored in the body.

 

Question 16. How does fats under the skin help us?
Answer: The fats under the skin gives shape to the body and like a blanket prevents loss of heat from the body. This insulating layer is crucial for maintaining body temperature.
In simple words: Fat under the skin helps shape our body and keeps us warm by preventing heat from escaping.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining the role of subcutaneous fat, always mention both "insulation" (preventing heat loss) and "body shape" as key functions.

 

Question 17. How are our internal organs protected?
Answer: Our internal organs are protected by layers of fat and bone structures like the rib cage and skull. The fatty tissue acts as a cushion, absorbing shocks and impacts.
In simple words: Internal organs are protected by bones and a layer of fat that acts like a soft cushion.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember to mention both skeletal protection (bones) and the cushioning effect of fat when discussing internal organ protection.

The layer of fat in the body protects our internal organs, that is why, an injury from outside does not at once cause damage to our bones or other internal organs.

 

Question 18. Why is protein required in our body?
Answer: The healing and repair of the tissues in our body goes on all the time without us being aware of it. Proteins are necessary for this process, playing a vital role in maintaining our body's structure and function.
In simple words: Proteins are needed to fix and rebuild parts of our body that get damaged or wear out, like a constant repair crew.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked about the function of nutrients, always mention their primary role in the body, such as growth, repair, or energy, to score full marks.

 

Question 19. Which food stuff contains protein?
Answer: All the different daals, pulses, groundnuts, milk and milk products like yoghurt, khoya, paneer, eggs, meat and fish are rich sources of proteins, essential for a balanced diet.
In simple words: Many foods like lentils, milk, eggs, and meat are packed with protein, which helps our body grow and repair itself.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing food sources, try to include both vegetarian and non-vegetarian options to show a comprehensive understanding.

 

Question 20. What are macronutrients?
Answer: Our body requires carbohydrates, fats and proteins in large proportions. These food constituents are called macronutrients, providing the bulk of energy and structural components.
In simple words: Macronutrients are the big nutrients like carbs, fats, and proteins that our body needs a lot of to work properly and have energy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the three main macronutrients: carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Emphasize that they are needed in "large proportions."

 

Question 21. What are micronutrients?
Answer: We need certain food constituents in very small quantities. These are called micronutrients, e.g. vitamins and minerals, which are crucial for various bodily functions despite their small required amounts.
In simple words: Micronutrients are tiny amounts of vitamins and minerals our body needs to stay healthy, even though we don't need much of them.

🎯 Exam Tip: Contrast micronutrients with macronutrients by highlighting that they are needed in "very small quantities" and provide examples like vitamins and minerals.

 

Question 22. Which vitamins are most important vitamins?
Answer: Vitamin A, B, C, D, E and K are the most important vitamins, each playing a unique and critical role in maintaining overall health.
In simple words: Vitamins A, B, C, D, E, and K are all very important for our body to function well and stay healthy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Listing the common essential vitamins (A, B, C, D, E, K) is key here. Briefly mentioning their importance reinforces the answer.

 

Question 23. Why do we need vitamins in our body?
Answer: We need very small quantities of vitamins in our body as lack of or deficiency of any vitamin results in serious disorders. These tiny nutrients play a crucial role in maintaining overall health.
In simple words: We need vitamins in small amounts because without them, our body can't work properly and we can get sick.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked about the importance of nutrients, always mention both the quantity needed (small) and the consequence of deficiency (serious disorders) to score full marks.

 

Question 24. What does deficiency of vitamin 'A' lead to?
Answer: Deficiency of vitamin A leads to night blindness. This condition makes it difficult to see in low light.
In simple words: Not having enough vitamin A causes night blindness, making it hard to see when it's dark.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember specific vitamin deficiencies and their corresponding diseases. Vitamin A is commonly associated with vision problems.

 

Question 25. What does deficiency of vitamin D lead to?
Answer: Deficiency of vitamin D results in weak and brittle2 bones. This vitamin is essential for calcium absorption, which strengthens bones.
In simple words: A lack of vitamin D makes bones weak and easy to break because it helps our body use calcium.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect Vitamin D with bone health and calcium absorption. Mentioning both aspects shows a complete understanding.

 

Question 26. Which minerals are essential for the body?
Answer: Minerals like iron, calcium, sodium, potassium are essential for the body. Each of these minerals performs vital functions to keep us healthy.
In simple words: Iron, calcium, sodium, and potassium are important minerals our body needs to function well.

🎯 Exam Tip: List at least three to four essential minerals and briefly recall one function for each if possible, to demonstrate broader knowledge.

 

Question 27. What is 'anaemia'?
Answer: If there is a deficiency of iron in the blood, the body does not get enough supply of oxygen and one feels constantly weak and tired. This condition is called 'anaemia'. Iron is crucial for producing hemoglobin, which carries oxygen.
In simple words: Anaemia is when you don't have enough iron in your blood, making you feel weak and tired because your body isn't getting enough oxygen.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define anaemia by linking it to iron deficiency, insufficient oxygen supply, and the resulting symptoms (weakness, tiredness).

 

Question 28. What are the sources of vitamins and minerals?
Answer: All kinds of fruits, vegetables, green leafy vegetables, sprouted, pulses, their skin and the bran of cereals and pulses are all sources of vitamins and minerals. A balanced diet rich in these foods ensures adequate intake.
In simple words: Vitamins and minerals come from many foods like fruits, vegetables, leafy greens, sprouted pulses, and the outer layers of cereals.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing sources, aim for a diverse range of food groups (fruits, vegetables, grains, pulses) to show comprehensive knowledge.

 

Question 29. What is the requirement for our good health?
Answer: For good health, our body should get all the different constituents of food, namely, carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals in the right quantities. A balanced intake of these nutrients is essential for overall well-being.
In simple words: To stay healthy, our body needs the correct amounts of all food components like carbs, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked about health requirements, always list the key food constituents (carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals) and emphasize "right quantities" or "balanced diet."

 

Question 30. What happens when a person does not get enough carbohydrates and proteins?
Answer: If a person does not get enough carbohydrates and proteins, their growth gets stunted, he feels constantly tired and cannot cope with his studies, games or other tasks. This deficiency can significantly hinder physical and mental development.
In simple words: Not getting enough carbohydrates and proteins can stop a person's growth, make them constantly tired, and prevent them from doing well in school or sports.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the physical and mental consequences of nutrient deficiency, such as stunted growth, fatigue, and reduced performance in daily activities.

Give Reasons:

 

Question 1. We should eat fruits with their skins as far as possible.
Answer:1. The skin of fruits contains, fibres, viatmins and minerals. 2. Vitamins and minerals help our body to resistance. 3. Vitamins and minerals also help in smooth working of all the process taking place in our body. 4. The roughage present in skin allow the smooth movement of food in the alimentary canal and hence prevents constipation. Therefore we should eat fruits with their skins as far as possible. Eating the skin maximizes nutrient intake and aids digestion.
In simple words: Fruit skins are rich in fiber, vitamins, and minerals that boost immunity, help body processes, and prevent constipation by aiding food movement.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining why to eat fruit skins, remember to mention the key benefits: fiber (roughage for digestion), vitamins, and minerals (for immunity and body functions).

 

Question 2. Growing children and body builders need to have more proteins in their diet.
Answer: Proteins are the building blocks of our body. They are needed for healing and repairing the wear and tear taking place in our body. They are also needed for growth and muscle development, which is crucial for active individuals.
In simple words: Proteins are essential for building and repairing body tissues, which is crucial for growing children and for muscle development in bodybuilders.

🎯 Exam Tip: For questions about protein, always highlight its role as "building blocks" for growth, repair, and muscle development, especially for specific groups like children and athletes.

 

Question 3. If a person is suffering from anaemia, he constantly feels weak and tired.
Answer: A person suffers from anaemia when he has iron deficiency. Iron is present in the blood cells. Iron helps transporting oxygen to various parts of our body. The oxygen is used to burn the sugars slowly and release energy. This energy release is used for doing various work. When there is deficiency of iron, sufficient oxygen is not transported and supplied to various parts of the body. Due to less supply oxygen less energy is released from sugars. Due to lack of energy the person suffering from anaemia constantly feels weak and tired. Iron is a vital mineral for maintaining energy levels and overall health.
In simple words: Anaemia happens when you don't have enough iron, which means your blood can't carry enough oxygen. Less oxygen means less energy, making you feel weak and tired all the time.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining deficiency diseases, always link the missing nutrient to its function in the body and then explain the resulting symptoms. Keywords like 'iron deficiency', 'oxygen transport', and 'energy release' are crucial.

 

Question 4. It is necessary to include some amount of fats in our food.
Answer: Fats are stored in our body and when food is not available the body uses this fat to release energy. The fats stored give shape to our body and also prevent loss of heat from our body. This helps in keeping the body warm. The fats also protect our internal organs from damage. Therefore it is necessary to include some amount of fat in our food. Healthy fats are essential for many bodily functions, not just energy.
In simple words: Fats are important because they store energy, keep us warm, give our body shape, and protect our organs. Our body uses them when other food isn't available.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the multiple roles of fats: energy storage, insulation, organ protection, and structural support. Listing these functions will earn full marks.

 

Question 5. We doesnot wash vegetables after cutting them.
Answer: Vegetables conatin vitamins and minerals which get washed away if vegetables are washed after cutting them. Hence we do not wash vegetables after cutting them. It's best to wash them thoroughly before cutting.
In simple words: We shouldn't wash vegetables after cutting them because important vitamins and minerals can easily wash away with the water.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the loss of water-soluble vitamins and minerals when explaining why vegetables should be washed before cutting, not after.

 

Question 6. State whether the following statements are right or wrong:
1. By eating vada pav daily we can fulfill the nutritional requirement of our body.
2. Deficiency diseases can be prevented by eating a balanced diet.

🎯 Exam Tip: For true/false or right/wrong questions, clearly state your answer for each sub-part and provide a brief, accurate justification if required by the question (though not explicitly asked here, it's good practice). If the answer is not provided, simply present the question as given.

Answer The Following Questions

 

Question 1. Read the items of food listed below: Classify them into carbohydrates rich, protein rich and fat rich food and write it in the tabular form. Chick pea (chana) dal, fish, mustard oil, sweet potato, rice, peas, maize, white bread, sweet corn, paneer, egg, palm oil, ghee, butter.
Answer: Here is the classification of the given food items into carbohydrate-rich, protein-rich, and fat-rich categories, which helps in understanding their primary nutritional value.

Carbohydrate rich	Protein rich	Fat rich
Rice	Chickpea dal (chana dal)	Mustard oil
Sweet potato	Fish	Palm oil
Maize	Peas	Ghee
White bread	Paneer	Butter
Sweet corn	Egg

In simple words: We sort foods into groups like carbohydrates (for energy), proteins (for building muscles), and fats (for stored energy and other functions) to understand what nutrients they mainly provide.

🎯 Exam Tip: When classifying food items, remember the primary function of each nutrient group: carbohydrates for energy, proteins for growth and repair, and fats for energy storage and insulation. Be careful to place each item in its most prominent category.

 

Question 4. Why do we use a padding of cloth under a mortar, when we place it on the floor and pound something on it?
Answer: The cloth serves as a shock absorber; it prevents the floor from getting damaged from the vibrations of the mortar and pestle by absorbing these vibrations. Thus we use the cloth to protect the floor and prevent it from cracking due to the pounding of the mortar and pestle, ensuring the longevity of the floor.
In simple words: A cloth padding acts like a cushion, soaking up the strong vibrations from pounding to stop the floor from cracking or getting damaged.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining practical applications, always mention both the problem being solved and how the solution works, using keywords like 'shock absorber' and 'vibrations'.

 

Question 5. How can you test presence of starch in food?
Answer: We should take the food item, mash it, and put it in a test tube, then add some drops of iodine solution. If the colour changes to blackish blue, starch is present, indicating a positive test result. If it remains pale yellow, starch is absent.
In simple words: To test for starch, mash food, add iodine solution; if it turns blackish-blue, starch is there, otherwise it's not.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the key indicator for starch presence: a change to blackish-blue color with iodine solution. This is a classic chemical test.

 

Question 6. What are vitamins?
Answer: Vitamins are components of foods which help us to fight diseases and they build up our resistance. They are required in small quantities for various bodily functions. There are different kinds of vitamins like vitamin A, B, C, D, K and E. The main sources of vitamins are green leafy vegetables and fruits.
In simple words: Vitamins are tiny but essential food parts that help our body fight sickness and stay strong, found mostly in fruits and vegetables.

🎯 Exam Tip: When defining vitamins, highlight their role in disease fighting, resistance building, and the fact that they are needed in small amounts, along with common sources.

 

Question 7. Why are carbohydrates called energy giving food?
Answer: When carbohydrates are digested, they are converted to sugars. The sugars combine with oxygen and burn slowly in our body, releasing energy. This energy is utilised for doing various work, powering all our daily activities. Hence carbohydrates are called energy giving food.
In simple words: Carbohydrates are called energy-giving food because our body breaks them down into sugar, which then burns with oxygen to release the energy we need to do everything.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the conversion of carbohydrates to sugars, their combination with oxygen, and the subsequent release of energy as the core explanation for why they are 'energy-giving'.

 

Question 8. State the functions of fats in our body.
Answer: Fats serve several crucial functions in our body. They provide a concentrated source of energy, help in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K), and insulate the body to maintain temperature. Additionally, fats protect vital organs and are essential for cell membrane structure.
In simple words: Fats give us lots of energy, help absorb important vitamins, keep us warm, and protect our body parts.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing functions of nutrients like fats, remember to include energy provision, vitamin absorption, insulation, and organ protection as key points.

What's The Solution?

 

Question 1. Sameer is having difficulty in seeing things in dim light. Specially he has difficulty in seeing at night. Doctor suggested he is suffering from Night blindness.
Answer: Sameer is suffering from Vitamin A deficiency. So he should include foods rich in vitamin A. Vitamin A is crucial for good vision, especially in low light. He should include foods like carrots, pumpkins, green leafy vegetables, raddish, mango, papaya in his diet. He can also take vitamin A drops which are given by the doctors in Municipal hospital.
In simple words: Sameer has night blindness due to lack of Vitamin A. He needs to eat foods rich in Vitamin A like carrots and leafy greens, or take Vitamin A drops.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked for a solution to a health problem, identify the deficiency and suggest specific dietary changes or medical interventions.

Can You Tell?

 

Question 1. What substances do we use to give our food a sweet taste?
Answer: We use sugar and jaggery to give our food a sweet taste. These natural sweeteners have been used for centuries to enhance flavor. Sometimes dates, also are used to give sweet taste.
In simple words: We use sugar, jaggery, and sometimes dates to make our food taste sweet.

🎯 Exam Tip: List common and natural sweeteners when asked about substances used for sweetening food.

 

Question 2. What are the preparations that are served as mid day meal?
Answer: Mostly Khichdi made by cooking mixture of rice, pulses like moongdal, groundnuts, vegetables etc. is served as mid day meal. Such meals are designed to provide balanced nutrition to students. This is a whole some food as it serves all the nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, fats and vitamins. Sometimes snacks like upma and poha are also served as mid day meal.
In simple words: Mid-day meals often include Khichdi with rice, pulses, and vegetables for complete nutrition, and sometimes snacks like upma or poha.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing mid-day meals, mention specific dishes and highlight their nutritional benefits to show a complete understanding.

 

Question 3. Why are boxes of fragile articles like TV, refrigerator, light, bulbs, glasses, mirrors

 

Question 4. Suppose a wall is to be built. The cement, sand, water is all there but the mason says the most important material is missing. What can that be?
Answer: The bricks which are building blocks are missing. Without these the walls cannot be built.
In simple words: The mason needs bricks to build the wall, even if other materials like cement, sand, and water are present.

🎯 Exam Tip: When solving riddles or logic puzzles, think about the most fundamental component required for the task to identify the missing item.

Use Your Brain Power:

 

Question 1. Threads get stick between the teeth when we eat certain types of magoes. Which kind of carbohydrates are they?
Answer: The threads found in mangoes are made up of fibres and they are a type of carbohydrate.
In simple words: The stringy parts in mangoes are dietary fibers, which are a type of carbohydrate that helps with digestion.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that dietary fiber is a crucial type of carbohydrate, important for digestive health, and commonly found in fruits and vegetables.

 

Question 2. Do we get all the different constituents of food from a meal that consists of a green veg thalipeeth eaten with yoghurt?
Answer: Thalipeeth is made from a flour made by grinding a mixture of cereals and pulses. Cereals and pulses will provide us with carbohydrate and proteins. Green vegetable added to it will provide us with vitamins and some minerals. Yoghurt will also provide us with minerals and proteins. Therefore we will get all the constituents needed if we eat this green veg thalipeeth with yoghurt.
In simple words: Yes, a green veg thalipeeth with yoghurt provides a balanced meal with carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, and minerals from its diverse ingredients.

🎯 Exam Tip: When analyzing a meal for nutritional completeness, identify the main food groups present and the key nutrients each group contributes to the diet.

 

Question 3. Which food constituents do we get from the ingredients used to make bhel?
Answer: From puffed rice, sev, and puri, we primarily get carbohydrates and fats. Vegetables like onions, tomatoes, and coriander provide essential vitamins and minerals. Peanuts contribute proteins and healthy fats, while the various chutneys add some carbohydrates and enhance flavor.
In simple words: Bhel provides carbohydrates from puffed rice and puri, fats from sev and peanuts, and vitamins and minerals from the fresh vegetables.

🎯 Exam Tip: To answer questions about food constituents, break down the dish into its main ingredients and recall the primary nutrients each ingredient provides (e.g., grains for carbs, nuts for protein/fat, vegetables for vitamins/minerals).

 

Question 4. Why do we feel hungrier in winter than we do in summer?
Answer: The sugars obtained by digestion of carbohydrates are slowly burnt to release energy. Some of the energy released is utilised by the body to generate heat and keep the body warm. During winter when the temperature outside is cold. Therefore the body needs to burn more sugar to generate more heat to keep the body warm. This constant energy production is vital for maintaining our internal temperature. Whereas in summer less heat is required so less sugar is burnt to produce heat. Since more sugar is required in winter to keep the body warm than in summer, we feel hungrier in winter than we do in summer.
In simple words: In winter, our bodies need more energy to stay warm because it's cold outside. We get this energy by burning more sugar from food, which makes us feel hungrier than in summer when less heat is needed.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining biological processes, clearly link cause and effect. Here, the cause is cold weather, and the effect is increased energy demand and hunger.

 

Glossary

1. resisting – trying to prevent.
2. brittle - hard but can break easily
3. stunted - reduced, spoiled.
4. anaemia – weakness.
5. malnutrition – lack of proper nutrition
6. absorber – reduce the effect of
7. pestle – a device used since ancient times to prepare ingredients or substances by crushing and grinding them into a fine paste or powder.
8. corrugated – a series of parallel ridges and furrows
9. fragile - not strong.

 

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