Maharashtra Board Class 5 EVS Part 1 Chapter 16 Water Solutions

5th Standard EVS 1 Lesson Number 16 Question Answer Water Maharashtra Board

Std 5 EVS 1 Chapter 16 Question Answer

Question 1. Soil in the garden gets washed away with the water due to the slope of the land.
Answer: Enough trees must be planted in the garden so that the roots of the trees will make a mesh underground holding the soil firmly, not allowing the soil to get washed away. This natural process helps prevent soil erosion effectively.
In simple words: Planting many trees helps because their roots hold the soil together like a net, stopping it from being washed away by water, especially on slopes.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked for a solution to environmental problems, focus on natural and sustainable methods like planting trees.

Use Your Brain Power!

Question 1. How should roads and footpaths be built to make rainwater seep into the ground?
Answer: Use of paver stones to make roads or foot paths is a solution, as the rainwater will then be able to seep through the joints and percolate into the soil, instead of it flowing into the drains and getting wasted. This method helps replenish groundwater levels.
In simple words: Using special stones with gaps for roads and footpaths allows rain to soak into the ground, preventing it from just running off and getting wasted.

🎯 Exam Tip: To score full marks, mention both 'paver stones' and the mechanism of 'seeping through joints' to 'percolate into the soil' and 'replenish groundwater'.

Answer The Following Questions In Brief:

Question (a) What conditions prevail during a famine?
Answer: 1. During a famine humans and animals suffer from scarcity of water. 2. As there is no water for agriculture, grain and fodder become scarce in the famine-stricken areas. 3. People living in these areas have to face a lot of hardship. 4. Animals and plants in these parts also suffer, leading to widespread distress.
In simple words: During a famine, there's very little water, food for people and animals, and crops. Everyone, including plants and animals, faces great difficulty.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing famine conditions, remember to cover the impact on water, food (grain and fodder), humans, and other living beings.

Question (b) What works are undertaken to make water available even after the rainy season?
Answer: Several works are undertaken to make water available even after the rainy season like 1. Large dams are built. 2. Smaller reservoirs are built. 3. Contour bunding and constructing bunds on smaller streams. These efforts ensure water security throughout the year.
In simple words: To have water after the rainy season, people build big dams, smaller water storage areas, and special barriers (bunds) along land contours and small streams to hold water.

🎯 Exam Tip: List specific water conservation methods like dams, reservoirs, and bunding to show a comprehensive understanding of water management.

Question (c) Why is it necessary to stop rainwater?
Answer: 1. We get rain for only four months in a year. If rainwater is not stored, we will not have water for our daily needs after the rains. 2. So in order to meet the whole year's need for water, rainwater must be stopped and collected.
In simple words: It's important to collect rainwater because rain only falls for a few months. If we don't save it, we won't have enough water for the rest of the year.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize the seasonal nature of rainfall and the year-round need for water as key reasons for rainwater harvesting.

Question (d) What is meant by water management?
Answer: Taking steps to ensure that rainwater will be available even in the period after the rainy season is called water management. This proactive approach helps communities cope with dry spells.
In simple words: Water management means making sure there's enough rainwater to use even after the rainy season is over.

🎯 Exam Tip: When defining terms, always include the core purpose or outcome, like ensuring water availability during dry periods for water management.

4. True Or False? Correct The Wrong Statements:

Question (a) We get rainwater throughout the year.
Answer: False. We get rainwater for only four months in a year. This seasonal pattern is typical for many regions.
In simple words: It's false; we only get rain for about four months each year, not all year long.

🎯 Exam Tip: For True/False questions, if the statement is false, always provide the correct information to score full marks.

Question (b) During a famine, the government moves people and animals temporarily to safe places.
Answer: True. This action is crucial for protecting lives and livestock during severe droughts.
In simple words: This statement is true; during a famine, the government helps people and animals move to safer areas.

🎯 Exam Tip: When a statement is true, simply confirming it is sufficient, but adding a brief reinforcing thought can show deeper understanding.

Environmental Studies Part 1 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 16 Water Additional Important Questions And Answers

Fill In The Blanks With The Correct Answers From The Options Given Below:

Question 1. When other substances get mixed with water, it becomes ..........................
(a) impure
(b) pure
(c) drinkable
Answer: (a) impure
In simple words: When other things mix into water, it becomes impure, meaning it's no longer clean or safe.

🎯 Exam Tip: For fill-in-the-blank MCQs, carefully read the sentence and choose the option that logically completes it, often related to definitions or basic facts.

Question 2. Some impurities .................... in water.
(a) drown
(b) float
(c) mix
Answer: (b) float
In simple words: Some impurities are lighter than water, so instead of sinking or mixing completely, they stay on the surface.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing how impurities behave in water, consider their density relative to water. Lighter substances float, while denser ones sink.

Question 3. The substances that get mixed with the water are .................... for living things.
(a) healthy
(b) pollutants
(c) harmful
Answer: (c) harmful
In simple words: When unwanted substances get into water, they can make it unsafe and cause problems for plants, animals, and humans.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the difference between 'pollutants' (the substances themselves) and 'harmful' (the effect they have). In this context, the effect on living things is being asked. Pollutants are harmful substances.

Question 4. Rivers, lakes are our .................... of water.
(a) clouds
(b) tanks
(c) sources
Answer: (c) sources
In simple words: Rivers and lakes are natural places where we get water from, making them important origins for our water supply.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that 'sources' refer to the natural origins from which water is obtained, distinguishing them from storage like tanks or atmospheric forms like clouds.

Question 5. The waste water of a city or town is collected and let into a water body at a .................... location.
(a) convenient
(b) busy
(c) inconvenient
Answer: (a) convenient
In simple words: Waste water is usually released at a location that is easy to access and manage for disposal, often downstream or away from populated areas.

🎯 Exam Tip: Think about the practicalities of waste management; locations are chosen for ease of access and minimal disruption, even if it impacts the environment. This is a common issue in urban planning.

Question 6. Sewage water can carry microorganisms that spread ....................
(a) impurities

Question 7. Waste water from industries is more likely to contain .................... substances.
(a) poisonous
(b) non-poisonous
(c) mineral
Answer: (a) poisonous
In simple words: Industrial wastewater often contains harmful chemicals and heavy metals, making it poisonous and dangerous for the environment and living beings.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that industrial waste is a major source of pollution, and its contents are typically harmful or toxic.

Question 8. If all this waste water is let into water bodies as .................... it is, the water bodies become
(a) impurities
(b) polluted
(c) convenient
Answer: (b) polluted
In simple words: When untreated waste water enters rivers or lakes, it introduces harmful substances, making the water dirty and unsafe, which is called pollution.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the direct consequence of releasing untreated waste into natural water sources – it leads to pollution.

Question 9. Polluted water cannot be used for .................... or for any other purpose.
(a) washing
(b) exercise
(c) drinking
Answer: (c) drinking
In simple words: Polluted water contains germs and harmful chemicals, making it unsafe to drink and potentially causing illness.

🎯 Exam Tip: Prioritize the most critical use of water; drinking water must be clean and safe, unlike polluted water.

Question 10. Sewage and other waste water of towns and cities is .................... for purification before letting it into a water body.
(a) processed
Answer: (a) processed
In simple words: Before releasing sewage into natural water, it must go through a treatment process to remove harmful substances and make it safer for the environment.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize the importance of treating wastewater to prevent environmental damage and protect aquatic life.

Question 11. Flowing water of rivers gets purified to some extent by .................... processes also.
(a) artificial
(b) natural
(c) chemical
Answer: (b) natural
In simple words: Rivers have natural ways, like sunlight and microorganisms, that help clean the water as it flows.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that natural processes like sunlight and aeration play a role in purifying river water, even if it's not fully clean for drinking.

Question 12. Before water is supplied to a town or city, it is .................... .
(a) polluted
(b) solidified
(c) purified
Answer: (c) purified
In simple words: Water is treated and cleaned at special plants to make it safe for people to drink and use in their homes.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always recall the steps involved in municipal water supply; purification is a crucial stage to ensure public health.

Question 13. Places where it does not rain for a long time experience a .................... .
(a) flood
(b) drought
(c) tsunami
Answer: (b) drought
In simple words: A drought happens when there is no rain for a very long time, causing water shortages and dry land.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the difference between natural disasters; a drought is specifically caused by prolonged lack of rainfall.

Question 14. Humans and animals .................... from scarcity of water.
(a) suffer
(b) enjoy
(c) relax
Answer: (a) suffer
In simple words: When there isn't enough water, both people and animals face difficulties and hardships because water is essential for life.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect the concept of water scarcity directly to its consequences for living beings, which is always suffering due to lack of a basic need.

Question 15. Grain and fodder become .......................... during a famine.
(a) abundant
(b) scarce
(c) available
Answer: (b) scarce
In simple words: During a famine, food for people (grain) and food for animals (fodder) become very hard to find, meaning there isn't enough.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the meaning of "famine" to correctly identify its consequences, such as scarcity of resources.

Question 16. People living in drought have to face a lot of .......................... .
(a) hardship
(b) friendship
(c) warship
Answer: (a) hardship
In simple words: A drought means very little water, which makes life extremely difficult and challenging for people.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect the term "drought" with its direct impact on human life, which is typically hardship due to lack of water and resources.

Question 17. Fodder camps are set up in famine-stricken areas to take care of .......................... animals.
(a) wild
(b) milch
(c) domestic
Answer: (c) domestic
In simple words: Fodder camps provide food for farm animals like cows and goats, which are domestic animals, to help them survive during a famine.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that fodder camps are specifically for livestock and farm animals that are crucial for people's livelihoods, hence "domestic" animals is the most appropriate choice.

Question 18. .......................... brings us water again and again.
(a) wells
(b) rain
(c) taps
Answer: (b) rain
In simple words: Rain is the natural source that continuously replenishes our water supply, filling wells and rivers.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the primary natural source of water that is cyclical and provides water repeatedly, which is rain.

Question 19. We get rain for only .................... months in a year.
(a) six
(b) ten
(c) four
Answer: (c) four
In simple words: In many regions, the monsoon season, which brings most of the rain, typically lasts for about four months.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question tests general knowledge about seasons and the duration of the rainy period in India. Remember the typical length of the monsoon season.

Question 20. If rainwater is not .................... we will not have water for our daily needs after the rains.
(a) stored
(b) scare
(c) evaporated
Answer: (a) stored
In simple words: If we don't collect and save rainwater, it will simply flow away or evaporate, leaving us without enough water when the rainy season ends.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the importance of water conservation. Keywords like 'stored' or 'collected' are crucial when discussing water availability after the rainy season.

Question 21. When rainwater is stopped, it .................... into the soil.
(a) percolates
(b) evaporates
(c) precipitates
Answer: (a) percolates
In simple words: When rainwater is held back, it slowly seeps down through the layers of soil, filling up the groundwater reserves.

🎯 Exam Tip: Know the terms related to the water cycle. 'Percolates' means to filter gradually through a porous surface, which is how water enters the ground.

Question 22. As the ground water storage increase, .................... get water.
(a) animals
(b) trees
(c) rocks
Answer: (b) trees
In simple words: When more water is stored underground, the roots of trees can reach it, helping them grow and stay healthy, especially during dry periods.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect the increase in groundwater to its direct beneficiaries. Trees and other plants rely heavily on groundwater for their survival.

Question 24. Taking steps to ensure that rainwater will be available even in the period after the rainy season is called ............ management.
(a) time
(b) health
(c) water
Answer: (c) water
In simple words: This practice is about managing water resources to make sure there's enough water even when it's not raining.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that "water management" specifically refers to the careful planning and use of water resources.

Answer In One Sentence:

Question 1. Where is the waste water of a city or town let out?
Answer: The waste water of a city or town is collected and let into a water body at a convenient location. This process requires careful planning to minimize environmental impact.
In simple words: City wastewater is gathered and released into a nearby water source, like a river or sea.

🎯 Exam Tip: When answering questions about waste disposal, mention both the collection and the final destination of the waste.

Question 2. What does sewage water carry?
Answer: Sewage water carries microorganisms that spread diseases. These tiny organisms can be very harmful to human health.
In simple words: Sewage water contains tiny living things that can make people sick.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the primary danger of sewage water, which is the presence of disease-causing microorganisms.

Question 3. Which water contains poisonous substances?
Answer: Waste water from industries is more likely to contain poisonous substances. Industrial processes often use chemicals that become pollutants in the wastewater.
In simple words: Water from factories often has harmful chemicals in it.

🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish between different types of wastewater; industrial wastewater is typically associated with chemical pollutants.

Question 4. Why is it compulsory for factory owners to treat the water before letting it out?
Answer: If this waste water is let into water bodies as it is then the water bodies become polluted and that is dangerous. This treatment helps protect aquatic ecosystems and human health. That is why it is compulsory for factory owners to treat the water before letting it out.
In simple words: Factories must clean their wastewater before releasing it to prevent polluting rivers and harming living things, including people.

🎯 Exam Tip: When answering questions about environmental regulations, always mention both the problem (pollution, danger) and the solution (treatment, protection of ecosystems).

Question 5. What is a threat to aquatic living things?
Answer: If large quantities of impurities get mixed with river water, the proportion of oxygen dissolved in the water is reduced and this is a threat to aquatic living things. This lack of oxygen makes it difficult for fish and other water creatures to survive.
In simple words: When dirty things mix with river water, there's less oxygen for fish and other water animals, which can kill them.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that impurities in water reduce dissolved oxygen, which is vital for the survival of aquatic life. This is a key concept in environmental science.

Question 6. Why is it important to read the information when we buy a bottle of drinking water?
Answer: The date of bottling and the period for which the water can be safely used is printed on the bottle. Reading this information ensures that the water is safe and fresh for consumption. Therefore, it is important to read the information when we buy a bottle of drinking water.
In simple words: It's important to read the bottling and expiry dates on water bottles to make sure the water is safe to drink and hasn't gone bad.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always mention both the bottling date and the expiry date as crucial pieces of information to check for safety and quality.

Question 7. Why should empty drinking water bottles be crushed and thrown into a garbage bin?
Answer: We must crush and throw the empty drinking water bottles into a bin, so that it cannot be reused. Crushing them prevents others from refilling them with unhygienic water and selling them again.
In simple words: Empty water bottles should be crushed and thrown away to stop people from refilling them with unsafe water and selling them again, which can be bad for health.

🎯 Exam Tip: The main reason for crushing bottles is to prevent their unhygienic reuse, which can pose health risks. Focus on this aspect in your answer.

Question 8. What is a famine?
Answer: A famine is a natural disaster, where the affected area does not receive any rain, so land get dry and there is no water for humans, animals as well as agriculture. This severe lack of water leads to widespread food shortages and starvation.
In simple words: A famine is a natural disaster caused by no rain, making land dry and leaving no water for people, animals, or growing food.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define famine by its core characteristics: lack of rainfall, resulting in dry land, water scarcity, and its impact on human life, animals, and agriculture.

Question 9. How does the government help in increasing the groundwater storage level?
Answer: The government implements various schemes like building check dams, promoting rainwater harvesting, and constructing percolation tanks. These initiatives are crucial for sustainable water management and replenishing underground water sources.
In simple words: The government helps increase groundwater by building small dams and encouraging people to collect rainwater, which then soaks into the ground.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked about government efforts for groundwater, mention key strategies like rainwater harvesting, building check dams, and watershed development programs.

Question 10. How is rainwater from roof tops saved?
Answer: Rainwater from roof tops is drained into large tanks placed besides the building thus saving rain water. This method is an effective way to conserve water for future use.
In simple words: Rainwater from roofs is collected in big tanks next to buildings to save it.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing water conservation methods, clearly state the technique and its immediate benefit.

Answer The Following Questions In Brief

Question 1. How does the government help famine-stricken areas?
Answer: 1. The government temporarily moves people and animals from famine-stricken areas to safe places where they can be provided with water foodgrain and fodder. This ensures immediate relief and safety for those affected.
2. Fodder camps are set up to take care of domestic animals.
In simple words: The government helps by moving people and animals to safe places with food and water, and by setting up camps for animals.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing government actions, focus on both human and animal welfare measures during a crisis like famine.

Question 2. What happens when rainwater percolates into the soil?
Answer: 1. When the rain water percolates into the soil, the ground water storage level increases, which is crucial for long-term water availability.
2. Trees get water.
3. Wells too get enough water and land can be cultivated.
In simple words: When rain soaks into the soil, it fills up underground water, helps trees grow, and provides water for wells and farming.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember to explain the multiple benefits of rainwater percolation, including groundwater recharge, plant growth, and agricultural support.

Can You Tell?

Question (A) List the substances that are mixed in the waste water drained out of the kitchen and bathroom in your house.
Answer: [The answer content is not provided in the source text.]
In simple words: Think about all the things that go down the drain from washing dishes, bathing, and cleaning in your kitchen and bathroom.

🎯 Exam Tip: For questions asking to list substances, consider common household products and organic waste that mix with water from daily activities.

Water Works

Question 1. What source of water is used for public water supply system?
Answer: Rainwater collected in reservoirs and lakes is used for public water supply system. Water from lakes like Tansa, Tulsi and Vihar supply water to Mumbai city. These natural sources are crucial for urban water needs.
In simple words: Public water systems use rainwater collected in big storage areas like reservoirs and lakes, with specific lakes supplying cities like Mumbai.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember to mention both the general source (rainwater in reservoirs/lakes) and specific examples if provided, like the lakes supplying Mumbai.

Question 2. What processes are used to make the water clean, transparent and germ-free?
Answer: Filtration, purification, chlorination are the key steps. These processes ensure the water is safe for consumption.
In simple words: Water is made clean and safe by filtering out dirt, purifying it, and adding chlorine to kill germs.

🎯 Exam Tip: List the processes in a clear, concise manner. Filtration removes particles, purification removes impurities, and chlorination kills microbes.

Question 3. In what order are these processes carried out?
Answer: The processes are carried out in the following order: Settling – Oxygenating – Filtration – Chlorination. This sequence is designed for maximum effectiveness in water treatment.
In simple words: Water treatment follows a specific order: first, heavy particles settle, then it's oxygenated, filtered, and finally, chlorine is added to kill germs.

🎯 Exam Tip: Memorize the exact sequence of water treatment processes as it's a common question about the steps involved.

Question 4. What is done to rid the water of bad smells?
Answer: Alum is used in water to get rid of the bad odour. Alum helps to coagulate impurities that cause smells, making them easier to remove.
In simple words: Alum is added to water to remove any unpleasant smells.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the specific chemical used for odour removal. Alum is a key agent in water purification for this purpose.

Question (B) If at some place, it did not rain for a very long time, what would be its effect on the life of the people there?
Answer: Due to scarcity of water there will be drought-like condition. The people and animals will die of thirst and hunger. Plants and farms will wither and die therefore no food will be available. This will lead to famine. Such prolonged dry spells have devastating effects on ecosystems and human societies.
In simple words: A long period without rain causes drought, leading to water scarcity, death of people and animals from thirst and hunger, and crop failure, ultimately resulting in famine.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing the effects of drought, cover impacts on water availability, human and animal life, agriculture, and the ultimate consequence like famine.

Can You Recall?

Question 1. When happens when a spoonful of sugar, sawdust and soil are added to a glass of water?
Answer: 1. When sugar is added it dissolves in water.
2. When sawdust is added it does not dissolve instead it floats in water.
3. When soil is added the stones simply sink to the bottom of the glass and the soil dissolves the water making it muddy. These observations show how different materials interact with water.
In simple words: Sugar dissolves, sawdust floats, and soil sinks while making the water cloudy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that different substances have different properties when mixed with water; some dissolve, some float, and some sink.

Question 2. Which are the three states of water.
Answer: 1. Liquid state
2. Solid-state
3. Gaseous state. These three states are determined by temperature and pressure.
In simple words: Water can be found as a liquid (like water), a solid (like ice), or a gas (like steam).

🎯 Exam Tip: Always list all three states of matter for water: liquid, solid, and gas, as these are fundamental concepts.

Question 3. What is done to make drinking water clean and safe?
Answer: At homes, the tap water is filtered and boiled to purify it for drinking. These simple steps help remove impurities and kill germs, making the water safe.
In simple words: To make tap water safe for drinking, we filter it to remove particles and boil it to kill germs.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked about water purification, mention both filtration (to remove physical impurities) and boiling (to kill microorganisms).

Glossary:

1. percolates – filter gradually through a porous surface.
2. scarcity - being in short supply
3. fodder - food for cattle
4. scarce insufficient
5. sewage - wastewater.
6. prevail – prove more powerful
7. grime – dirt ingrained on the surface of something

8. soiled - made dirty
9. transparent – clear, see-through
10. wither - become dry and shrivelled
11. mesh an interlaced structure
12. seep - flow or leak slowly

Class 5 Environmental Studies Questions And Answers: