Maharashtra Board Class 11 Home Management Chapter 3 Management Process PDF Download

Management Process

3.1 Introduction To Management Process

Do you know?

Family is the basic unit of any society. It is a group of two or more members sharing the same household who are related to each other by blood, marriage or adoption. In the house, as a group they share various resources like money, various equipments, vehicles, services like electricity, air conditioning etc. All such resources are limited. This is where a need of management is realized. The family members work for achievement of common goals of the family for example, building a house, purchase of a car etc. thus it becomes necessary to formulate a plan of action, delegate responsibilities and to organize and control the use of available human and non-human resources. Efficient and effective management plays a very crucial role here. It is a means of using available resources for the achievement of family goals, leading to satisfaction and happiness. Effective use of resources helps in the overall development of family members and to improve the quality of life.

Remember it:

The home has to be managed for twenty four hours for giving utmost satisfaction to family members. Each woman is a home-manager to some extent. She handles and manages lot many resources like money, energy, time, skills, capacities, intelligence, equipments etc. for providing maximum satisfaction to the family members. Each day management process is used consciously or unconsciously in most of the activities. It might be a very simple activity like purchase of monthly grocery where management process would be used at an unconscious level. But for an activity like organizing a birthday party in the house, scientific use of management process becomes necessary, where conscious decisions have to be made to reach the goals. In the earlier chapter, we have seen the concept and meaning of management. This unit focuses on the process of management.

Teacher's Note

When your mother plans to cook a meal, she is using the management process. She thinks about what to cook, how much time it will take, and checks if everything is ready while cooking.

Exam Trick

Remember: Management = Plan, Do, Check. Just like you plan your study time, do your studies, and then check your marks. Three steps, always in this order.

Points to Remember

Family needs management because all resources are limited.
Management helps achieve family goals like buying a house or a car.
Every person uses management every day without even thinking about it.
Good management makes families happy and improves their life quality.

3.2 Steps In Management Process

Always remember:

Management process consists of three basic steps-planning, controlling, and evaluating the results.

Use of steps in management process is essential for achievement of a goal. Planning is done before the action starts, controlling is done during the action and evaluation is carried out after the action is completed.

Thus it can be stated that these three steps occur in a time sequence -

Planning is done for future-takes place before the action.

Controlling takes place for present action-occurs while the action takes place.

Evaluation is carried out when the action is over-takes place after the action has taken place.

For example, if a group of friends want to go for watching a movie on coming Sunday, they will plan for it on the previous Sunday. Control the plan while going and watching the movie. Look back to find out whether the movie was enjoyed by everyone, whether there was any problem after they return from the movie.

Teacher's Note

Think about your birthday party. First you plan what food to cook and invite friends. Then while cooking, you check if the salt is right. After the party, you think about what went well and what you can do better next time.

Exam Trick

Remember: Planning = Before, Controlling = During, Evaluation = After. It is like Past, Present, Future in order. This helps you remember the sequence.

Points to Remember

Planning happens before you start any work or action.
Controlling happens while you are doing the work.
Evaluation happens after the work is finished.
All three steps must happen in this order for success.

a) Planning

Let's Discuss:

What is planning?

Planning is defined as - 'mapping out the course of action for achievement of a goal'. It is the first and a very important step in management process. It decides the effectiveness of management process. It is a mental process of choosing an appropriate solution or procedure for the achievement of a goal or for solving some problem. It involves a series of decisions for future action. Decision is an important part of planning, where the best method of achieving a goal is clearly chalked out in detail.

The value of planning lies in the fact that it occurs before the action takes place.

Let's Discuss:

Various abilities useful in the step of planning:

Mental thinking and memory: Through the ability to recollect and remember, a home maker uses her past experiences which give an advantage for preparing a better plan.

Observation: Home maker uses her observation to make use of what has been learnt in the past through observation as well as what is being observed in the surrounding when people are working towards achievement of their goals.

Reasoning and analytical ability: Home maker's reasoning and analytical ability helps in identifying the merits and priorities of the various alternatives that are available to her.

Always remember:

The above abilities help to judge a situation in a perfect manner to prepare a good and workable plan.

Do you know?

The steps in planning:

Following are the three major steps:

1. Recognizing the problem or recognizing the goals to be accomplished: The problem or the goal must be clearly identified and understood by the family members so that collective efforts can be done for its solution or achievement. For example, a family may set a goal of purchase of car which must be accepted by each family member so that efforts can be diverted for its accomplishment.

2. Seeking different alternatives: Once the problem or goal is understood, family members should start finding out alternatives. For the example stated above, various alternatives may be found out by the family like purchase of a car available on resale, purchase of a new car that runs on petrol or on diesel or on CNG or purchase an Electric car.

3. Choosing between alternatives: It is necessary to think about each alternative and to find out the advantages and disadvantages of each alternative that means to mentally go through each alternative. After this the choice is clearly indicated.

Teacher's Note

When a family decides to buy a car, they first plan what type of car they want. Then they look at different options like new or second-hand, petrol or diesel. Finally, they choose the best one for their money and needs.

Exam Trick

Remember the three steps of planning: 1) Identify the goal, 2) Find different options, 3) Choose the best option. This is like: Know what you want, see what is available, pick the best one.

Points to Remember

Planning means deciding what you will do and how you will do it before you start.
You must think about the problem clearly and know your goal.
You must look at different ways to solve the problem.
You must choose the best way after thinking about all choices.

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