Maharashtra Board Class 11 Home Management Chapter 10 Household Cleaning PDF Download

Household Cleaning

10.1 Meaning, importance and types of household cleaning

10.2 Equipments used in household cleaning

10.3 Cleaning Reagents

Let's Discuss

Home is an integral part of family's life. Any kind of house will require proper care and maintenance. Household cleaning is an important aspect of taking care of house. It is an important house hold activity, which requires a lot of time and efforts.

Definition And Meaning

J. P. Sherry defines household cleaning as - "Household cleaning is the easiest way of achieving beauty and hygiene."

Cleaning is the process of removing unwanted things such as dust and dirt and using various cleaning methods and techniques to enhance the beauty and hygiene.

Sherry opines that household cleaning is the easiest way of achieving beauty and hygiene.

Further discussion will explain the importance of household cleaning.

Always Remember

Cleaning is closely related to hygiene. The diseases easily spread if there is dust and dirt. To control spread of infectious diseases, cleanliness of every room is very important.

Cleaning adds to the aesthetic value of the house. Addition of costly items will not always enhance the beauty; on the other hand low priced but clean items if properly arranged can have more aesthetic value.

Frequent cleanliness helps in maintenance of a house. Good maintenance makes increases the life of houses. It make the house feasible to stay in working condition become safe for use.

Cleanliness leads to proper arrangement of things and helps to keep things in a tidy manner. Habits of cleanliness indirectly lead to convenient arrangement in the house.

Effects of cleanliness are visible. Clean house creates a particular impression on viewers mind and that help to gain social standards.

A home maker gets pleasure and satisfaction from keeping her house clean and beautiful.

Do You Know?

Types of household cleaning

Types Of Household Cleaning

Daily Cleaning and Periodical Cleaning

Periodical Cleaning includes: Weekly Cleaning, Fortnight Cleaning, Monthly Cleaning, Yearly Cleaning, and Occasional Cleaning

Teacher's Note

In Indian homes, most families do daily cleaning in the morning. Every Sunday, we do weekly cleaning by washing windows and floors properly.

Exam Trick

Remember: Fortnight = 15 days. Just like a month has two fortnights, your deep cleaning should happen twice a month.

Points to Remember

Cleaning removes dust and dirt from our home.
Daily cleaning is done every day.
Periodical cleaning is done once a week, twice a month, monthly, yearly, or for special occasions.
Cleaning keeps us healthy and makes our home beautiful.
Different types of cleaning need different amounts of time and effort.

Daily Cleaning

Daily cleaning includes sweeping, mopping of floors, dusting of surface, tiding up of the objects in every room, cleaning of carpets with brush, shaking of curtains and making of beds.

In kitchen cooking areas, sink should be cleaned daily. If the house is situated near main road or in dusty area, sweeping and dusting should be done twice a day.

Periodic Cleaning

Includes the following cleaning methods:

a) Weekly Cleaning: Cleaning done once in a week is called weekly cleaning. Sunday or off day once in a week is very suitable for weekly cleaning. It is more elaborate than daily cleaning. For example, cleaning of window and door panel, courtyard, kitchen, refrigerator, porch and garage can be performed weekly.

b) Fortnightly Cleaning: It means thorough cleaning done once in fifteen days. Fortnightly cleaning of the house is very needed to maintain a house in a good condition. This will include removal of cobwebs, dusting of furniture, wall cleaning and floor cleaning.

c) Monthly Cleaning: All the cleaning which cannot be done every day or every week can be done monthly. For example, cleaning of fan, tube lights, removing cobwebs, cleaning and rearranging all the shelves, racks, cleaning of refrigerator, rearranging of cupboards, washing of curtains or changing them can be done every month.

d) Yearly or Seasonal Cleaning: Yearly cleaning schedule should be followed to give new look to the home. This will include painting the house, cleaning all the rooms by removing the furnishing and rearranging them. If required pest control is also carried out in this cleaning. Usually, yearly cleaning requires a week. If work is distributed among the members of the family the job can simplified. In most of the families this is practiced during Diwali season.

e) Occasional Cleaning: Occasional cleaning is carried out by families prior to certain ceremonies, such as wedding, birthday party etc.

Use Your Brain

Observe the cleaning methods used in your homes and classify thyem.

Teacher's Note

When we clean our home every day, that is daily cleaning. When we plan to do special cleaning before Diwali or a wedding, that is occasional cleaning.

Exam Trick

Remember: Daily = every day. Occasional = special events like birthday or marriage.

Points to Remember

Daily cleaning is done every single day.
Periodic cleaning is done on a schedule like weekly or monthly.
Weekly cleaning is done once in seven days.
Fortnightly cleaning is done once in fifteen days.
Yearly cleaning is done once a year or during special seasons like Diwali.

Equipments Used In Cleaning

There are various equipments used for household cleaning. These are classified in two groups.

List them out in the following table.

Non-Electrical Equipments

1) Brooms: This is the most commonly used equipment for cleaning. Brooms are available in different shapes, sizes and materials. They are usually made of dried branches, plastic wires or sticks, palm leaves etc. They are useful in sweeping dust from floors, courtyards, stairs etc. The stick brooms can be used for washing and cleaning bathrooms. Brooms come with short handles and long handles. The ones with long handles are better and easier to use.

2) Brushes: Brushes are available in different sizes, shapes and materials. They can be made of plastic, nylon, metal, coconut fiber or animal hair as bristles. They are useful in cleaning dry as well as wet dirt. There are separate brushes for washing floors, tiles etc. For cleaning toilet, specially shaped brushes with long handles are available. After cleaning, the dry brushes should be shaken and the wet brushes should be washed and kept clean. There should be proper arrangement for keeping these brushes.

3) Dusters: Dusters are made of strong cotton fabric and used for wiping or cleaning different surfaces. There should be separate duster for each activity for example; furniture cleaning, dining table, kitchen platform, gas stove, utensils, polishing mirror and glass panels etc. For each type of cleaning separate duster should be used. Readymade dusters are available in all sizes and shapes. All types of dusters require washing and drying because unless they are clean themselves, they will not be able to clean any surface.

4) Moppers: Mop clothes are kinds of dusters used specifically for mopping of floors of different areas. These are made of thicker but loosely woven and absorbent fabric. Wet mopping of floor should be done by using clean water, changing the water after mopping each room. We can use cleaning liquids available in the market.

Now a days, readymade moppers, made of different materials and different handle sizes are available. They cover larger area, are more effective, easier to clean and last longer.

5) Dust Pan: These are made of variety of materials like plastic, steel, iron etc. Dust pans are useful in collecting dust from each room after sweeping. The front edge should touch the floor so that all the dust can get collected easily and also it should not be sharp.

Teacher's Note

In Indian homes, we use a jhadoo (broom) every morning to sweep the floor. A duster is used to clean tables and shelves.

Exam Trick

Remember: Duster for furniture and surfaces. Mop for floors. Broom for sweeping dry dust.

Points to Remember

Brooms are used for sweeping dust from floors.
Brushes are used for wet and dry cleaning.
Dusters clean tables, furniture, and glass surfaces.
Moppers are used for wet mopping of floors.
Dust pans collect dust after sweeping.

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