Maharashtra Board Class 10 History Chapter 3 Applied History Solutions

History Class 10 Chapter 3 Question Answer Maharashtra Board

 

Question 1. (a) Choose the correct option from the given options and complete the statement.
(1) The earliest museum in the world was discovered in the excavations at the city of ........................ .
(a) Delhi
(b) Harappa
(c) Ur
(d) Kolkata
Answer: (c) Ur
In simple words: The first known museum globally was found during archaeological digs in the ancient city of Ur.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember specific historical facts like the location of the earliest museum for direct recall questions.

 

Question 1. (a) Choose the correct option from the given options and complete the statement.
(2) The National Archives of India is in ........................ .
(a) New Delhi
(b) Kolkata
(c) Mumbai
(d) Chennai
Answer: (a) New Delhi
In simple words: The central repository for government records in India, known as the National Archives, is situated in New Delhi.

🎯 Exam Tip: Familiarize yourself with the locations of important national institutions as these are common knowledge-based questions.

 

Question 1. (b) Identify and write the wrong pair in the following set.
(1) Kootiyattam- Sanskrit theatre, Kerala
(2) Ramman- Dance form in West Bengal
(3) Ramlila- Traditional Performance of the Ramayana in Uttar Pradesh
(4) Kalbelia- Folk songs and dances of Rajasthan.
Answer: (2) Wrong pair: Ramman - Dance form in West Bengal
In simple words: The given pair "Ramman- Dance form in West Bengal" is incorrect; Ramman is a ritual theatre from Uttarakhand, not a dance form from West Bengal.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay close attention to geographical and cultural associations in such identification questions, as slight inaccuracies can lead to wrong answers.

 

Question 2. Explain the following concepts :
(1) Applied History
Answer:

• When one subject is applied to different fields and conclusions are derived, it is known as application of that subject.
• When objectives of History are applied to other subjects; new conclusions are obtained.
• This is known as 'Applied History'. It is also known as Public History.
• We get insights of the events that took place in the past through history.
• Applied History is concerned with application of knowledge of history to provide guidance in finding solutions.
• Contemporary social issues and include them in social planning.
• Thus 'Applied History' is a field of study concerned with the application of history for the benefit of people in contemporary and future times.

In simple words: Applied History, also known as Public History, involves using historical knowledge and methods to understand and address present-day issues and guide future planning for the benefit of society.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define both terms ('Applied History' and 'Public History') and highlight the practical application of historical knowledge in diverse fields for a comprehensive answer.

 

Question 2. Explain the following concepts :
(2) Archives
Answer:

• A place where historical documents are preserved is called an 'Archive'.
• Many old documents, official records, old films, records of treaties are kept at this place.
• We get references of original documents because of Archives.
• A study of historical events of a particular period is possible.
• We come to know about language, script used in a particular period/era.
• The National Archives of India is in Delhi. It is the largest Archive in Asia.
• Every state in India maintains its archives independently.

In simple words: Archives are dedicated repositories that store historical documents, records, and other materials, enabling researchers to study past events, languages, and cultures, with the National Archives of India being a prime example.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the definition, purpose (preservation, research), and significance (references, language study) of archives, mentioning a key example like the National Archives of India.

 

Question 3. Complete the following concept chart.
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह चित्र 'सांस्कृतिक विरासत' की अवधारणा को दो मुख्य श्रेणियों में विभाजित करके समझाता है: 'मूर्त विरासत' (Tangible Heritage) और 'अमूर्त विरासत' (Intangible Heritage)। मूर्त विरासत में प्राचीन स्थल, इमारतें, कलाकृतियाँ, पांडुलिपियाँ, मूर्तियाँ और चित्रकला जैसी भौतिक वस्तुएँ शामिल हैं, जबकि अमूर्त विरासत में मौखिक परंपराएँ, भाषाएँ, पारंपरिक ज्ञान, सामाजिक रीति-रिवाज, कला प्रदर्शन की शैलियाँ, पारंपरिक कौशल और समुदायों की परंपराएँ व कौशल शामिल हैं। यह वर्गीकरण सांस्कृतिक धरोहर के व्यापक दायरे को स्पष्ट करता है।
Answer:

Cultural Heritage
Tangible	Intangible
(1) Ancient Sites	(1) Oral traditions and their languages
(2) Buildings	(2) Traditional knowledge
(3) Artefacts	(3) Social customs and rituals of celebrating festivals
(4) Manuscripts	(4) Styles of performing arts
(5) Sculptures	(5) Certain traditional skills
(6) Paintings	(6) Communities, groups who represent such traditions, customs and skills.

In simple words: Cultural heritage is broadly categorized into tangible (physical objects like sites, buildings, artifacts) and intangible (non-physical aspects like oral traditions, knowledge, customs, and skills) forms.

🎯 Exam Tip: When completing concept charts, clearly distinguish between the categories and provide specific, relevant examples for each to demonstrate a full understanding.

 

Question 4. Explain the following statements with reasons.
(1) It is essential to study the history of technology.
Answer:

• Man acquired different skills at various stages in his evolution process.
• From making stone tools to developing new techniques of agriculture production, he learnt many skills and entered in the age of science.
• Agricultural production, commodity production, architecture, engineering, etc. underwent several changes.
• Production increased manifold because of technology.
• Hence, it is necessary to know the history of technology in order to understand the development in mechanisation and mutual dependence between science and technology.

In simple words: Studying the history of technology is crucial because it reveals how human skills and production methods evolved over time, showing the intertwined development of science, technology, and mechanization, which led to significant societal advancements.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining the importance of studying specific histories, connect the past developments to present-day understanding and future implications, emphasizing the cause-and-effect relationship.

 

Question 4. Explain the following statements with reasons.
(2) The list of world Heritage Sites is announced by UNESCO.
Answer:

• Cultural heritage is a form of human creation. It is a cultural treasure that has been inherited from our ancestors.
• We feel connected to it and hence preserve and conserve it.
• This heritage is our asset that binds us to our past and hence we should preserve it for the benefit of future generations.
• In order to save this heritage, UNESCO has announced some directives.
• On the basis of those directives, a list of sites and traditions are declared as 'World Heritage'.
• It has helped us in promoting these sites as tourist places.

In simple words: UNESCO announces World Heritage Sites to safeguard culturally significant places and traditions globally, ensuring their preservation for future generations and promoting them as valuable assets that connect us to our past.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly state UNESCO's role as the authority, the criteria for declaration (directives), and the dual benefits of preservation and promotion for tourism and future generations.

 

Question 5. Write elaborate answers
(1) How is the method of history useful in the research of
(a) Science
(b) Arts
(c) Management Studies
Answer:
Each field has its own history of building knowledge. The direction of development in every field is dependent on the state of available knowledge in that field. The method of history has proved valuable in the research of various fields.

(a) Science: Scientific discoveries/inventions take place because of human efforts to satisfy needs and curiosity. These efforts are based on scientific knowledge that already existed. Knowledge of the history of science helps in understanding the reasons, chronology and factors that facilitated a scientific invention/discovery. Knowledge of history of science helps in every field.

(b) Art: Development of any style of art lies in its expression through intellectual, emotional and cultural traditions. While studying any art form we have to understand the history of its traditions, the key to the expressions in it, and emotional temperament of the artist. Prevalent art style in the given period can be understood with the help of cultural history.

(c) Management Studies: All components like means of production, human resources, processes of production, the chain of market and sales, etc. are interrelated and require management. Different social and economic institutions are involved in these industrial and commercial processes. Knowledge of similar functional systems of the past is essential to bring about changes, improvements and make the management smooth and efficient. It becomes necessary to know its history.
In simple words: History provides context and understanding for the evolution of knowledge in science, by tracing discoveries; in arts, by revealing traditional expressions and cultural influences; and in management studies, by offering insights into past functional systems for efficient present and future operations.

🎯 Exam Tip: For elaborate answers, break down each part of the question (Science, Arts, Management Studies) and explain the specific ways history contributes to research in each field with clear examples or reasoning.

 

Question 5. Write elaborate answers
(2) How can we correlate applied history with our present?
Answer:
History gives us knowledge about the events that happened in past. Applied history helps us in understanding how the knowledge can be put to use for our benefit as well as for the benefit of future generations. Applied history is correlated with our present in the following ways:

(1) Knowledge of our past helps us in deciding our course of action in present. The heritage of our ancestors exists in tangible and intangible form. We have the curiosity to know more about our past because they represent the creative thoughts and traditions of that period.

(2) With the help of applied history we can not only come to know about the heritage but also conserve and preserve it.

(3) We can be better equipped to face social challenges in the present because the knowledge of history can provide guidance in finding solutions to contemporary social issues and incorporate them in 'social planning'.

(4) The direction of future development is decided when we rightly analyse our present with our knowledge of the past acquired through applied history.
In simple words: Applied history directly connects the lessons of the past to our present decisions and future planning, helping us conserve heritage, address contemporary social challenges, and chart a beneficial course for development.

🎯 Exam Tip: Structure your answer by clearly outlining specific points of correlation, such as guiding present actions, heritage conservation, solving social issues, and directing future development, to show a comprehensive understanding.

 

Question 5. Write elaborate answers
(3) Suggest at least 10 solutions for the preservation of the sources of history.
Answer:
There are three types of sources which are used to study history. They are written, oral and material sources. These sources are preserved in different ways. According to me, the following measures should be taken to preserve the sources:
1. A regular repair and maintenance work of forts, memorials and palaces should be carried out. Timely action should be taken to avoid vandalization of historic and public places.
2. Historical coins, weapons should be handled with precaution and utmost care. They should be kept in a safe place to avoid the possibility of theft.
3. Social awareness regarding the conservation and preservation of our cultural and natural heritage should be created. People will develop affinity towards the heritage and feel connected.
4. Variations in environment and climatic conditions pose a threat to monumental structures. Humidity, dampness, molds and pollution cause irrevocable damage to manuscripts, rare artefacts, statues, coins, etc.
5. To protect them, special arrangements have to be made like rooms with controlled temperature or sanitizing and detoxing the rooms.
6. Oral literature like owis, folk songs should be compiled and written down.
7. Public training programs should be conducted for understanding the importance of history.
8. Experts from different fields should be involved in preservation and conservation projects. Stringent laws should be enacted to protect the monuments.
9. Above all, people's participation in conservation and preservation process is paramount.
In simple words: Preserving historical sources involves a multi-faceted approach, including regular maintenance of monuments, secure handling of artifacts, public awareness campaigns, environmental protection for delicate items, documentation of oral traditions, and the enactment of strict laws with community participation.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing solutions, categorize them if possible (e.g., physical preservation, awareness, legal measures) and aim for a mix of practical and policy-oriented suggestions to showcase a comprehensive understanding.

 

Question 5. Write elaborate answers
(4) What objectives can be fulfilled through the heritage projects.
Answer:
The following objectives can be fulfilled through the heritage projects:

• Preservation, conservation and development of heritage sites can be done without any change in its original state/ structure.
• The local social structure and psychology of the local people, challenges they face in the present situations and their expectations can be surveyed.
• In the process of completing the project of conservation, preservation and development of a heritage site due precaution should be taken to avoid hurting the sentiments of the local people.
• Participation of the local people in the proposed project can be facilitated.
• In order to engage and employ the local skills in a creative way and create better opportunities of livelihood, it becomes easier to design systematic plans.

In simple words: Heritage projects aim to preserve sites while respecting local culture, engaging communities, creating livelihood opportunities, and designing plans that support both conservation and local development without altering original structures.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the multi-dimensional nature of heritage projects, including conservation, community engagement, economic development, and sensitivity to local sentiments, for a holistic answer.

Project

Show the Indian heritage sites on the map of India.

 

(1)
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह स्मृति मानचित्र 'विश्व विरासत स्थलों' की व्यापक अवधारणा को दर्शाता है, जिसे 'सांस्कृतिक विरासत' और 'प्राकृतिक विरासत' में विभाजित किया गया है। सांस्कृतिक विरासत को आगे 'मूर्त' और 'अमूर्त विरासत' में बांटा गया है, जिसके संरक्षण के परिणामस्वरूप पेशेवर अवसर और संबंधित पेशेवर क्षेत्र बनते हैं। मानचित्र 'अनुप्रयुक्त इतिहास' (Applied History) की अवधारणा और अन्य क्षेत्रों जैसे दर्शनशास्त्र, विज्ञान, प्रौद्योगिकी, उद्योग और वाणिज्य, प्रबंधन अध्ययन, कला और मानविकी में इसके शोध को भी दर्शाता है। इसमें 'सार्वजनिक इतिहास' (Public History) की परिभाषा, इतिहास के बारे में गलतफहमी, अनुप्रयुक्त इतिहास का महत्व और इसमें स्थानीय लोगों की भागीदारी शामिल है।
In simple words: This memory map illustrates the classification of World Heritage Sites into cultural and natural categories, detailing the tangible and intangible aspects of cultural heritage, and the resulting professional opportunities from preservation. It also outlines the scope of Applied History, connecting it with Public History and research across various disciplines like science, arts, and management.

🎯 Exam Tip: When analyzing such maps, understand the hierarchical structure and the interconnectedness of concepts. For 'Applied History', remember its broad application in diverse fields and its societal relevance.

 

(2)
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह आरेख 'अनुप्रयुक्त इतिहास' (Applied History) को 'सार्वजनिक इतिहास' (Public History) और 'अनुप्रयुक्त इतिहास और अन्य क्षेत्रों में अनुसंधान' के रूप में दो मुख्य शाखाओं में विभाजित करता है। सार्वजनिक इतिहास की शाखा के तहत, परिभाषा, इतिहास के बारे में गलतफहमी, अनुप्रयुक्त इतिहास का महत्व और अनुप्रयुक्त इतिहास के क्षेत्र में स्थानीय लोगों की भागीदारी जैसे अवधारणाओं को दर्शाया गया है। दूसरी ओर, अनुसंधान की शाखा दर्शनशास्त्र, विज्ञान, प्रौद्योगिकी, उद्योग और वाणिज्य, प्रबंधन अध्ययन, कला और मानविकी जैसे विभिन्न शैक्षणिक और व्यावसायिक क्षेत्रों को अनुप्रयुक्त इतिहास से जोड़ती है, जो इसके बहु-विषयक अनुप्रयोग पर प्रकाश डालता है।
In simple words: This diagram visually represents Applied History branching into Public History and research in other fields like Philosophy, Science, Technology, Arts, and Management Studies, highlighting its interdisciplinary nature and societal engagement.

🎯 Exam Tip: Diagrams like this emphasize how Applied History bridges academic study with practical applications across various disciplines. Focus on understanding the relationships between the central concept and its various sub-components.

 

Question 6. Complete the sentences by choosing the correct option:
(a) ........................ Institute of Art, Design and Technology at Bengaluru has an independent department named 'Centre for Public History'.
(a) Pitch
(b) INTACH
(c) Shrushti
(d) AIMS
Answer: (c) Shrushti
In simple words: The Srishti Institute of Art, Design and Technology in Bengaluru is home to a unique 'Centre for Public History'.

🎯 Exam Tip: For fill-in-the-blanks, recall specific institutional names and their associated centers or departments mentioned in your syllabus.

 

Question 6. Complete the sentences by choosing the correct option:
(b) ........................ is the mother of science and all other branches of knowledge.
(a) Philosophy
(b) History
(c) Technology
(d) Mythology
Answer: (a) Philosophy
In simple words: Philosophy is traditionally considered the foundational discipline from which all other sciences and branches of knowledge emerged.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the historical progression of knowledge; philosophy often serves as the root of critical inquiry that leads to specialized sciences.

 

Question 6. Complete the sentences by choosing the correct option:
(c) In order to preserve and conserve cultural and natural heritage for the benefit of future generations ........................ has given directives.
(a) UNICEF
(b) UN
(c) UNESCO
(d) INTACH
Answer: (c) UNESCO
In simple words: UNESCO issues guidelines and initiatives for the global preservation of cultural and natural heritage, ensuring its availability for future generations.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognize UNESCO's specific mandate related to heritage protection and preservation; it's a key international organization in this field.

 

Question 6. Complete the sentences by choosing the correct option:
(d) The ........................ in the Satara District of the Western Ghats is included in the list of World Natural Heritage.
(a) Balaghat Mountain
(b) Melghat
(c) Masai Plateau
(d) Kas Plateau
Answer: (d) Kas Plateau
In simple words: The Kas Plateau, situated in the Satara District of the Western Ghats, is recognized as a World Natural Heritage site due to its unique biodiversity.

🎯 Exam Tip: Learn the names and locations of significant natural heritage sites in Maharashtra and India, especially those listed internationally.

 

Question 6. Complete the sentences by choosing the correct option:
(e) The main office of the National Film Archives of India is situated at ........................ .
(a) Delhi
(b) Mumbai
(c) Pune
(d) Nagpur
Answer: (c) Pune
In simple words: The National Film Archives of India, responsible for preserving the country's cinematic heritage, has its primary office located in Pune.

🎯 Exam Tip: Specific locations of national institutions like archives are important facts; memorize them to score well on direct questions.

 

Question 6. Complete the sentences by choosing the correct option:
(f) Excavations at the city of 'Ur' in Mesopotamia were conducted by ........................ .
(a) Nathaniel Wallick
(b) Ennigaldi
(c) Leonard Wolley
(d) Sir John Marshall
Answer: (c) Leonard Woolley.
In simple words: The significant archaeological excavations at the ancient city of Ur in Mesopotamia were led by British archaeologist Leonard Woolley.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect prominent archaeological sites with the key figures who conducted their excavations, as this demonstrates knowledge of historical research.

 

Question 7. Identify the wrong pair in the following, and write it:

(1) Kootiyattam	(a) Sanskrit theatre, Kerala
(2) Ramman	(b) Dance form in West Bengal
(3) Ramlila	(c) Traditional performance of Ramayana in Uttar Pradesh
(4) Kalbelia	(d) Folk songs and dances of Rajasthan

Answer: Wrong pair: Ramman - Dance form in West Bengal
In simple words: The incorrect pair listed is "Ramman - Dance form in West Bengal" because Ramman is a ritual theatre from Uttarakhand, not a dance form from West Bengal.

🎯 Exam Tip: When identifying wrong pairs, ensure you know the correct association for each element to confidently spot the mismatch.

 

Question 7. Identify the wrong pair in the following, and write it:
(2)
Cultural Heritage | Place
(1) Red Fort | (a) Udaipur
(2) Jantar Mantar | (b) Jaipur
(3) Brihadeeshvara Temple | (c) Thanjavur
(4) Capital Complex | (d) Chandigarh
Answer: Wrong pair: Red Fort - Udaipur
In simple words: The Red Fort is located in Delhi, not Udaipur, making the pair "Red Fort - Udaipur" incorrect.

🎯 Exam Tip: Memorize the correct locations of prominent historical monuments and heritage sites to avoid confusion in matching type questions.

 

Question 8. Complete the graphical presentation:
(1)
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह आरेख 'विश्व की अमूर्त विरासत सूची में शामिल भारतीय परंपराओं' को दर्शाता है। इसमें झारखंड और ओडिशा, केरल, मणिपुर और पंजाब जैसे विभिन्न भारतीय राज्यों से संबंधित परंपराओं के नाम शामिल करने के लिए रिक्त स्थान हैं। यह चित्र अमूर्त सांस्कृतिक विरासत के महत्व और विभिन्न भारतीय राज्यों में इसकी उपस्थिति को उजागर करता है।
Answer:
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): इस पूर्ण किए गए आरेख में 'विश्व की अमूर्त विरासत सूची में शामिल भारतीय परंपराओं' को दर्शाया गया है। इसमें झारखंड और ओडिशा से 'छऊ नृत्य', केरल से 'मुडियेट: एक अनुष्ठान थिएटर', मणिपुर से 'संकीर्तना परंपरा', और पंजाब से 'थाटेरा जनजाति द्वारा तांबे और पीतल के बर्तन बनाने की पारंपरिक शिल्प' जैसी परंपराएं शामिल हैं। यह विभिन्न राज्यों की प्रमुख अमूर्त सांस्कृतिक विरासतों को एक साथ प्रस्तुत करता है।

Indian traditions included in World Intangible Heritage list
Chhau dance	Mudiyett : A ritual theatre
Jharkhand and Odisha	Kerala
Manipur	Punjab
Sankirtana tradition	Traditional craft of making copper and brass utensils by Thatera Tribe

In simple words: This graphical presentation identifies Indian traditions, such as Chhau dance, Mudiyett, Sankirtana, and traditional craft of making copper and brass utensils by Thatera Tribe, that are included in the World Intangible Heritage list, showcasing India's diverse cultural legacy.

🎯 Exam Tip: For diagrams requiring completion of information, specifically recall the intangible heritage traditions and their associated Indian states as recognized internationally.

 

Question 8. Complete the graphical presentation:
(2)
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह आरेख 'भारत में विश्व सांस्कृतिक विरासत स्थलों' को दर्शाता है, जिसमें 'आगरा किला' और 'ताजमहल' जैसे प्रमुख स्थल शामिल हैं। इसमें कुछ खाली स्थान हैं जिन्हें अन्य महत्वपूर्ण सांस्कृतिक स्थलों के नामों से भरना होगा, जो भारत की समृद्ध ऐतिहासिक और स्थापत्य विरासत को उजागर करते हैं और यूनेस्को की सूची में उनके महत्व को प्रदर्शित करते हैं।
Answer:
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह पूर्ण किया गया आरेख 'भारत में विश्व सांस्कृतिक विरासत स्थलों' को सूचीबद्ध करता है। इसमें अजंता और वेरुल (एलोरा) गुफाएं, आगरा किला, महाबलीपुरम में स्मारकों का समूह (मंदिर), खजुराहो में स्मारकों का समूह (मंदिर), ताजमहल और कोणार्क में सूर्य मंदिर जैसे प्रमुख स्थल शामिल हैं। यह भारत की विविधतापूर्ण और समृद्ध सांस्कृतिक विरासत को दर्शाता है जिन्हें यूनेस्को द्वारा विश्व विरासत का दर्जा दिया गया है।

World Cultural Heritage Sites in India
Agra Fort	Ajanta and Verul (Ellora) Caves	Taj Mahal	Group of Monuments (Temples) at Mahabalipuram
	Group of Monuments (Temples) at Khajuraho		Sun Temple at Konark

In simple words: This graphical representation maps out key World Cultural Heritage Sites in India, including Agra Fort, Ajanta and Verul (Ellora) Caves, Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram and Khajuraho, Taj Mahal, and Sun Temple at Konark.

🎯 Exam Tip: When completing such diagrams, ensure you correctly identify and place the major World Cultural Heritage Sites of India, understanding their significance and location.

 

Question 8. Complete the graphical presentation:
(3)
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह आरेख 'भारत में विश्व प्राकृतिक विरासत स्थलों' को दर्शाता है। इसमें पश्चिमी घाट, नंदा देवी और फूलों की घाटी राष्ट्रीय उद्यान, केवलादेव राष्ट्रीय उद्यान, मानस वन्यजीव अभयारण्य, सुंदरबन राष्ट्रीय उद्यान और काजीरंगा राष्ट्रीय उद्यान जैसे प्रमुख प्राकृतिक स्थलों को शामिल करने के लिए रिक्त स्थान हैं। यह चित्र भारत की समृद्ध जैव विविधता और उन क्षेत्रों को उजागर करता है जिन्हें यूनेस्को द्वारा विश्व प्राकृतिक विरासत का दर्जा दिया गया है।
Answer:
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): इस पूर्ण किए गए आरेख में 'भारत में विश्व प्राकृतिक विरासत स्थलों' को सूचीबद्ध किया गया है। इसमें पश्चिमी घाट, नंदा देवी और फूलों की घाटी राष्ट्रीय उद्यान, केवलादेव राष्ट्रीय उद्यान, मानस वन्यजीव अभयारण्य, सुंदरबन राष्ट्रीय उद्यान और काजीरंगा राष्ट्रीय उद्यान शामिल हैं। यह भारत की महत्वपूर्ण प्राकृतिक विरासतों को दर्शाता है जिन्हें यूनेस्को द्वारा संरक्षण के लिए मान्यता दी गई है।

World Natural Heritage Sites in India
Western Ghats	Manas Wildlife Sanctuary
Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks	Sunderbans National Park
Keoladeo National Park	Kaziranga National Park

In simple words: This graphical representation lists prominent World Natural Heritage Sites in India, including the Western Ghats, Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks, Keoladeo National Park, Manas Wildlife Sanctuary, Sunderbans National Park, and Kaziranga National Park.

🎯 Exam Tip: For questions on natural heritage, remember the specific national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and geographical regions recognized by UNESCO for their ecological significance.

 

Question 9. Explain the following concept:
(a) Natural Heritage:
Answer:

• In Cultural heritage what we inherit is man-made but Natural heritage is bestowed upon us by Nature.
• The concept of natural heritage gives importance to the thought of biodiversity.
• The following things are included in natural heritage:
  • Fauna
  • Flora
  • Ecology required for sustaining animal and plant life, flora and fauna of a particular region.
  • Geomorphic characteristics, sanctuaries, mountain ranges, river valleys, lakes and dams are all part of natural heritage.

In simple words: Natural heritage refers to the gifts from nature, such as biodiversity, ecosystems, geological features, and natural landscapes, which are crucial for sustaining life and are preserved for their intrinsic value and for future generations.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly differentiate natural heritage from cultural heritage by emphasizing its natural origin and focus on biodiversity, geological features, and ecosystems, along with relevant examples.

 

Question 10. Write short notes:
(a) Importance of Applied History:
Answer:

• Applied History is a field of study which helps us understand our ancient heritage.
• We realize the importance of preserving our heritage.
• The process of preservation and conservation of tangible and intangible heritage sites generate employment opportunities.
• The study of Applied History helps us to get a better understanding of the present and can provide guidance for the future.

In simple words: Applied History is vital because it connects our past heritage to the present, fostering appreciation for preservation, creating job opportunities in conservation, and guiding future societal development based on historical insights.

🎯 Exam Tip: For short notes, provide a concise definition and 3-4 key points highlighting the practical benefits and relevance of the concept. Focus on "why it's important."

 

Question 10. Write short notes:
(b) Preservation of cultural heritage of India:
Answer:
Conservation and preservation of India's cultural heritage is done at different levels:
1. Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) is an important body of Indian government which mainly does the work of conservation and preservation along with State Departments of Archaeology.
2. INTACH (Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage) is actively working in this field.
3. Local self-government bodies, social institutions all over India, people who have love for history are seen involved in the work of preservation of our heritage.
4. The work of conservation and preservation of cultural and natural heritage requires participation of experts from various fields as well as local people.
In simple words: India's cultural heritage is preserved through a multi-layered approach involving government bodies like ASI and State Archaeology Departments, non-profits like INTACH, local institutions, and community participation, all working together with experts to safeguard historical sites and traditions.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing preservation, identify the key organizations involved (governmental and non-governmental) and emphasize the collaborative nature, including expert and public participation.

 

Question 10. Write short notes:
(c) Indian Museum:
Answer:

• The Indian Museum at Kolkata is the oldest museum and one of the important heritage sites of India.
• Nathaniel Wallich, a Danish botanist, founded the museum in 1814 C.E. He was also its first curator.
• The museum has three main departments: Arts, Archaeology and Anthropology.
• Other affiliated departments are conservation, publication, photography, exhibition-presentation, model-making, training, library and security.

In simple words: The Indian Museum in Kolkata, founded by Nathaniel Wallich in 1814, is India's oldest museum and a key heritage site, housing departments for Arts, Archaeology, Anthropology, and various support services like conservation and exhibitions.

🎯 Exam Tip: For short notes on institutions, include its name, location, founding year, founder, and major functions or departments to provide comprehensive information.

 

Question 11. (b) It is important to know the history of Industry and Commerce.
Answer:

• With the growth of industry and trade, the field of mutual social transactions also expand.
• It promoted development of the network of cultural interactions.
• As the nature of market and commerce changed so did the nature of human relationships and the social organisation.
• This series of changes is influenced by prevalent culture, social structure and economic system.
• All this is an integral part of the industrial and commercial management.

Therefore, it becomes important to know the history of Industry and Commerce.
In simple words: Understanding the history of industry and commerce helps us see how societies, cultures, and human relationships have changed due to trade and economic systems, which is crucial for managing current and future business.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on linking historical economic changes to social and cultural development for a comprehensive answer.

 

Question 11. (c) It is necessary to preserve and conserve our natural and cultural heritage.
Answer:

• The visible and invisible relics of the past exist in the present.
• They represent the thought and traditions of our ancestors.
• We nurture some kind of curiosity and attraction towards them.
• The history of our heritage links us with our origin.

Therefore, it becomes necessary to preserve and conserve for our future benefit as well as for the benefit of future generations.
In simple words: Preserving our heritage, both natural and cultural, connects us to our past, ancestors, and origins, providing valuable insights and benefits for current and future generations.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize the intergenerational transfer of knowledge and identity through heritage preservation.

 

Question 12. Answer the following in 25-30 words:
(a) Explain the concept of 'Public History'.
Answer:

• Public History also known as 'Applied History' is a field of study concerned with the application of history for the benefit of people in the contemporary and future life.
• It provides solutions to the contemporary social issues and incorporate them in social planning.
• It helps to overcome misgivings about history and makes history meaningful in everyday life connecting people to history.

In simple words: Public History, or Applied History, applies historical knowledge to solve current social problems, making history relevant to everyday life and informing future planning.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the practical application and societal relevance of public history.

 

(b) What is the role of UNESCO in the context of heritage sites?
Answer:The role of UNESCO, the global agency of United Nations, is as follows:

• For preservation and conservation of natural and cultural heritage which is in a ruined state because of years of neglect, UNESCO has announced some directive principles.
• The organisation announces list which includes the names of sites and traditions which meet the criteria.
• On the basis of those directives it declares a list of site and traditions of world heritage.

In simple words: UNESCO establishes guidelines and declares World Heritage Sites and traditions to ensure the preservation and conservation of valuable natural and cultural heritage around the globe for future generations.

🎯 Exam Tip: Mention UNESCO's dual role: setting directives and listing sites for global recognition and protection.

 

(c) Find out the cultural heritage sites located in Maharashtra and write their names.
Answer:The following places in Maharashtra are included in the list of cultural heritage sites declared by UNESCO:

• Ajanta Caves
• Verul (Ellora) Caves and Kailas Temple
• Elephanta Caves
• Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus, Mumbai.

Many forts like the Raigad, Devgiri, Janjira and Sindhudurg are part of the cultural heritage Of Maharashtra though they are not included in the list.In simple words: Maharashtra is home to several UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including the Ajanta and Ellora Caves, Elephanta Caves, and Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus, showcasing its rich cultural history.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember to list at least three key sites for full credit.

 

(d) What are the misgivings about history among the people?
Answer:There are many misgivings about history among the people:

• History is a subject only for historians and students who pursue higher studies in history.
• It has no relevance or applicability in our day-to-day life.
• History is nothing but piece of information about the battles fought by kings and politics.
• History cannot be connected to an economically productive field.

In simple words: Many people mistakenly believe history is only for academics, irrelevant to daily life, just about wars and politics, or that it lacks economic value.

🎯 Exam Tip: Summarize the common misconceptions about history's utility and scope.

 

(e) Where can we trace the roots of philosophy?
Answer:

• Ancient people all over the world tried to speculate the relationship between the universe and human existence.
• This gave rise to various myths about origin of this world, universal order, human life.
• Imagination about gods and goddesses, rituals to please them and philosophical explanation of rituals.
• Thus, the roots of philosophy can be traced in these speculations and ponderings of mythological stories.

In simple words: The origins of philosophy can be found in ancient human efforts to understand the universe, existence, and the divine, leading to myths, rituals, and early forms of speculative thought.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect philosophy's roots to early human curiosity about existence, myth, and ritual.

 

(f) What are the opportunities created by affiliated professional fields of Applied History?
Answer:Affiliated fields of Applied History which include museums, archives, tourism and hospitality, entertainment, mass media, etc. needs the following professionals:

• Experts like Historians, Archaeologists, Sociologists, legal experts, etc. are assigned new projects.
• Officers like Managers, Secretaries and Directors are taken into service.
• Technicians like engineers, architects, skilled photographers, laboratory assistants, archive management professionals are hired.
• Tourist guides, boarding and lodging, food services, entertainment and related business get a wide scope for flourishing.

In simple words: Applied History creates diverse job opportunities for experts (historians, archaeologists), managers, technicians (engineers, photographers), and also boosts tourism, hospitality, and related businesses.

🎯 Exam Tip: Provide a broad range of professional roles and industry sectors benefiting from Applied History.

 

(g) What are the main objectives of 'National Film Archives'?
Answer:The main objectives of 'National Rim Archives' are as follows:

• To research and obtain the rare Indian films.
• To preserve such films for the benefit of future generations.
• To categorise the important aspects of films to create documentation, catalogue them -and carry out research in the field.
• To establish a centre for dissemination of films culture.

In simple words: The National Film Archives aims to find, preserve, document, and research rare Indian films for future generations, while also promoting film culture.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the four core objectives: acquisition, preservation, documentation, and dissemination of film heritage.

 

(h) How can we increase people's participation in the field of applied history?
Answer:

• The field of applied history includes museums, archives, collection and maintenance of artefacts.
• Tourism creates interest in history.
• Awareness is created among people to preserve ancient monuments and sites in their vicinity.
• This realisation increases people's participation in the field of applied history.

In simple words: People's involvement in applied history can be increased by promoting tourism to historical sites, raising awareness about preserving local monuments, and encouraging engagement with museums and archives.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize the role of awareness and accessibility in fostering public participation.

 

(i) Write information on World Heritage sites in Maharashtra.
Answer:Maharashtra is endowed with many natural and historical sites. Among them the prominent ones are Ajanta caves, Verul caves, Gharapuri/Elephanta caves and Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus Railway Station at Mumbai. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus is finest example of Indo-Gothic architecture emerged in India during British rule. It stands witness to the British empire, freedom struggle and transformation of our country into a modern nation. It needs conservation as it a architectural marvel which stood the test of times recently when there was a terror attack on Mumbai city.In simple words: Maharashtra hosts significant World Heritage Sites like Ajanta, Ellora, and Elephanta Caves, along with Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus, which represents a blend of Indo-Gothic architecture and historical significance.

🎯 Exam Tip: Provide specific examples of sites and briefly mention their architectural or historical importance.

 

(j) What is the role of Applied History?
Answer:The role of Applied History is as follows:

• In public training programmes for understanding the importance of history.
• Using knowledge of history, to create awareness regarding the conservation and preservation of our cultural and natural heritage.
• To facilitate participation of people in various projects and programmes related to applied history even in their capacity as tourists.
• To enhance professional skills of people and to develop industrial commercial field.
• To carry out preparatory work and plan for effective implementation of heritage projects.

In simple words: Applied History plays a crucial role in public education, heritage conservation, fostering community participation in historical projects, skill development for related professions, and strategic planning for heritage management.

🎯 Exam Tip: List key functions such as education, preservation, community involvement, and economic development.

 

Question 13. Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions given below:
(a) Who built this museum?
Answer:This museum was built by Ennigaldi, the princess of Mesopotamia.
In simple words: The museum was constructed by Ennigaldi, a princess from Mesopotamia.

🎯 Exam Tip: Directly identify the individual named in the passage.

 

(b) Where was the earliest museum in the world discovered? Who discovered it?
Answer:The earliest museum in the world was discovered in the city of 'Ur' in Mesopotamia. It was discovered by Leonard Woolley.
In simple words: The world's earliest museum was found in the Mesopotamian city of Ur, unearthed by Leonard Woolley.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember both the location and the discoverer for this historical fact.

 

(c) What is a noteworthy feature of this museum?
Answer:A noteworthy feature of this museum is the clay tablets inscribed with the descriptions of exhibited artefacts.
In simple words: A unique aspect of this museum is the clay tablets that provided written descriptions for the displayed artefacts.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the specific detail that makes the museum's display method stand out.

 

Question 14. Write elaborate answers: OR Answer in detail:
(a) Who does the work of conservation and preservation of the cultural heritage of Indian?
Answer:The preservation and conservation of Indian cultural heritage is done at various stages:

• The work of preservation and conservation primarily falls under jurisdiction of the Archaeological Survey of India.
• In addition, INTACH (Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage) is also actively working in this field.
• Experts from various fields and local people too participate in the work of conservation and preservation of natural and cultural heritage.

In simple words: The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) leads the conservation of India's cultural heritage, supported by organizations like INTACH, and involves experts and local communities.

🎯 Exam Tip: Mention the primary government body (ASI) and at least one other significant contributor like INTACH.

 

Question 15. Observe the picture and write information about it:
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह चित्र महाराष्ट्र में एलोरा गुफाओं में स्थित विशाल कैलाश मंदिर को दर्शाता है, जो एक अखंड चट्टान को काटकर बनाया गया है। इसमें एक हाथी की मूर्ति और एक खंभा भी दिखाई देता है, जो इसकी स्थापत्य कला की भव्यता और राष्ट्रीयकूट राजा कृष्ण प्रथम के शासनकाल में हुई नक्काशी की उच्च कला को प्रदर्शित करता है।
Answer:

• This picture is of the largest Indian rock-cut ancient Hindu temple located in the Ellora cave.
• This famous rock-cut Shiva temple was constructed during the reign of Rashtrakuta king Krishna I.
• It is regarded as a marvel of architecture.
• It bears an eloquent testimony to the high level skill attained by India in the arts of sculpture and architecture under the Rashtrakuta patronage.
• A sculpture of an elephant and a pillar can be seen in the picture.
• The famous rock cut temple in Maharashtra was declared as a world heritage site by UNESCO in 1983.

In simple words: The image shows the impressive Kailasa Temple at Ellora, a colossal rock-cut Hindu temple built under Rashtrakuta king Krishna I, known for its architectural brilliance and declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the monument, its builder, and its significance as a UNESCO site and architectural marvel.

Brain Teaser

Hints:

Across:

(1) Queen's stepwell at Patan
(2) Dancing, singing, drumming ritual of Manipur
(3) Religious festival and ritual theatre of Garhwal
(4) Archaeological site of Nalanda University
(5) World famous monument at Agra
(6) Famous city built by emperor Akbar marking his victory
(7) Sanskrit Theatre: Kerala

Down:

(1) The traditional performance of Ramayan in Uttar Pradesh
(2) Ellora caves also known as caves
(3) Observatory at Jaipur, Rajasthan
(4) Group of monuments at (place) in Karnataka
(5) Archaeological park at Pavagadh
(6) Folk songs and dances of Rajasthan
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह एक वर्ग पहेली (crossword puzzle) का अधूरा आरेख है जिसमें संख्याओं के साथ संकेत दिए गए हैं, जिन्हें क्षैतिज (Across) और लंबवत (Down) भरा जाना है। यह भारतीय इतिहास और संस्कृति से संबंधित जानकारी को चुनौती देने और सीखने के लिए एक गतिविधि है।

10th Std History Questions And Answers:

• Historiography Development in the West Class 10 History Questions And Answers
• Historiography Indian Tradition Class 10 History Questions And Answers
• Applied History Class 10 History Questions And Answers
• History of Indian Arts Class 10 History Questions And Answers
• Mass Media and History Class 10 History Questions And Answers
• Entertainment and History Class 10 History Questions And Answers
• Sports and History Class 10 History Questions And Answers
• Tourism and History Class 10 History Questions And Answers
• Heritage Management Class 10 History Questions And Answers