Indian Economic Development Chapter 7 Environment and Sustainable Development VBQs Set 01

A. Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct option:

Question. Which of the following is a component of environment?
(a) Living elements only
(b) Non-living elements only
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of the options
Answer: (c) Both (a) and (b)

Question. Which of the following is not considered as an element of environment?
(a) Air
(b) Land
(c) Weather
(d) Electricity
Answer: (d) Electricity

Question. Which of the following is a reason of noise pollution?
(a) Domestic sewerage
(b) Industrial waste
(c) Industrial machines
(d) Emission of gases
Answer: (c) Industrial machines

Question. Which of the following is a cause of environmental degradation?
(a) Population explosion
(b) Increasing urbanisation
(c) Rapid industrialisation
(d) All of the options
Answer: (d) All of the options

Question. Sustainable development is that development which satisfies the need of:
(a) present generation only
(b) future generation only
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of the options
Answer: (c) both (a) and (b)

Question. Which of the following is a necessary condition of sustainable development?
(a) Increase in the quality of life
(b) Reduction in the level of pollution
(c) Conservation of the stock of natural capital
(d) All of the options
Answer: (d) All of the options

Question. An increase in real income along with equitable distribution is called:
(a) economic growth
(b) economic development
(c) sustainable development
(d) none of the options
Answer: (b) economic development

Question. Which of the following statements highlight the significance of environment?
(a) It offers resources for production
(b) It enhances quality of life
(c) It sustains life
(d) All of the options
Answer: (d) All of the options

Question. The basic problem related to environment is:
(a) problem of pollution
(b) problem of excessive exploitation of natural resources
(c) problem of degeneration
(d) both (a) and (b)
Answer: (d) both (a) and (b)

Question. Which of the following factors contribute to air pollution?
(a) Smoke emitted by industries
(b) Poisonous gases emitted in the process of chemical treatment of the materials
(c) Emission of gases by motor vehicles
(d) All of the options
Answer: (d) All of the options

Question. Industrial waste streaming into the rivers contributes to:
(a) air pollution
(b) water pollution
(c) land pollution
(d) noise pollution
Answer: (b) water pollution

Question. Principal cause of environmental pollution is:
(a) population explosion
(b) rapid industrialisation
(c) increased urbanisation
(d) all of the options
Answer: (d) All of the options

Question. Which of the following is the strategy for sustainable development?
(a) Integrated rural development
(b) Shift to organic farming
(c) Output-efficient technology
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer: (d) Both (a) and (b)

B. Fill in the Blanks

Question. ________ resources are those which can be replenished. (Renewable/Non-renewable)
Answer: Renewable

Question. Carrying capacity of environment refers to the situation when generation of waste ________ exceed the absorption capacity of environment. (does/does not)
Answer: does not

Question. ________ pollution causes hypertension, asthma, respiratory problems. (Air/Water)
Answer: Air

Question. Thermal power houses discharging ash mixed with water is an example of ________ pollution. (water/soil)
Answer: Water

Question. ________ forestry aims at reversing the process of deforestation. (Social/Ecological)
Answer: Social

Question. Alkalinity and salinity of soil is caused by ________. (water logging/water pollution)
Answer: water logging

Question. ________ is the strategy of sustainable development. (Shift to organic farming/Output efficient technology)
Answer: Shift to organic farming

Question. ________ is a situation referring to a gradual but consistent increase in global temperature. (Global warming/Ozone depletion)
Answer: Global warming

Question. Population control ________ go a long way in combating environmental degradation. (can/cannot)
Answer: can

Question. Sustainable development requires the use of ________. (output-efficient technology/input-efficient technology)
Answer: input-efficient technology

C. True or False

Question. Environment Protection Act was passed in the year 1986.
Answer: True

Question. Mechanisation has raised the level of efficiency, but it has equally raised the level of noise pollution.
Answer: True

Question. Industrialisation is a bane as it offers a variety of things to consume.
Answer: False

Question. Sustainable development requires the use of environment-friendly sources of energy.
Answer: True

Question. Civilisation rises with urbanisation, but environment suffers degradation.
Answer: True

Question. Social forestry discourages the growth of commercial production of raw material for the paper industry.
Answer: False

Question. Ozone depletion occurs owing to the excessive use of cooling substances in air conditioners and refrigerators.
Answer: True

Question. Owing to emission of Green House Gases, the earth's surface is becoming increasingly warmer.
Answer: True

Question. Expanding consumption activity is the principal cause of environmental degradation in India.
Answer: False

Question. It is essential to check rising population if environment is to be protected.
Answer: True

D. Matching/Chronological

Question. From the set of statements given in Column I and Column II, choose the correct pair of statements:
(a) Physical elements — (i) Plants and animals
(b) Renewable resources — (ii) Fossil fuels
(c) Degradation of land — (iii) Loss of fertility of land
(d) Excessive tree-felling — (iv) An example of misuse of resources
Answer: (c) Degradation of land — (iii) Loss of fertility of land

Question. Identify the correct sequence of alternatives given in Column II by matching them with respective items in Column I:
Column I:
(a) Social forestry
(b) Poverty
(c) Sustainable development
(d) Strategy for sustainable development
Column II:
(i) Aimed at raising the quality of life for both present and future generations
(ii) Stringent laws on the disposal of chemical effluents
(iii) Generating employment opportunities through afforestation
(iv) Principal cause of environmental degradation
Answer: (a)—(iii), (b)—(iv), (c)—(i), (d)—(ii)