GSEB Class 8 Social Science Solutions Chapter 8 Role of Parliament in a Democratic Country

Answer The Following Questions:

Question 1. What do you mean by democracy ? What is its main aim ?
Answer: Democracy is rule by the people, for the people, and of the people. In this system, general elections occur every five years where citizens vote to choose their leaders. Supreme power resides with the populace and is used by them or their chosen representatives. These representatives then establish the government. In a democracy, the government must offer explanations and justifications for its choices. A democratic system serves the public; their well-being is its primary goal.
In simple words: Democracy means rule by the people. Its main goal is to ensure the welfare and happiness of all citizens, giving them the power to choose their leaders and hold them accountable.

Exam Tip: Define democracy clearly and then state its core purpose and how it functions through elections and accountability.

Question 2. Which is the lower house of the Parliament?
Answer: The Lok Sabha is the lower chamber of the Parliament.
In simple words: The Lok Sabha is known as the lower body of the Parliament.

Exam Tip: Remember the two houses of Parliament and which one is considered "lower" (Lok Sabha) and "upper" (Rajya Sabha).

Question 3. Mention the main functions of the Parliament.
Answer: The main functions of the Parliament:

• When Parliament convenes, the schedule for the Question Hour is set at the start.
• During this hour, Members of Parliament pose inquiries to learn about the government's operations. This way, Parliament oversees the Executive.
• Members also highlight flaws in government work and convey public views using these questions.
• Parliament also creates new laws and updates older ones.

Exam Tip: Focus on the legislative (making laws) and oversight (controlling the executive) functions of Parliament when listing its roles.

Question 4. What is the main responsibility of a Member of Parliament ?
Answer: The primary duty of each Member of Parliament is to question the government (Cabinet) regarding its administrative tasks.
In simple words: A Member of Parliament's main job is to ask the government questions about how it is running things.

Exam Tip: Highlight the role of MPs in holding the government accountable through questioning its functions.

Question 5. What does the government come to know during the Question Hour in the Parliament?
Answer: During the Question Hour, Parliament members pose questions to acquire information about the government's activities. This allows Parliament to supervise the Executive. Members also point out weaknesses in government operations and bring up public views using these inquiries. It is a crucial duty of members to interrogate the government.
In simple words: During Question Hour, the government learns about its own work, any problems in its operations, and what citizens are thinking, as MPs ask questions and raise concerns.

Exam Tip: Explain that Question Hour serves as a mechanism for government accountability and for members to voice public concerns.

Question 6. How does the opposition party play an important role in a democracy?
Answer: In a democratic system, the opposition party plays a key part in ensuring good administration by pointing out any weaknesses in the government's policies or initiatives.
In simple words: The opposition party in a democracy is vital because it makes sure the government works well by pointing out any problems in its plans and actions.

Exam Tip: Emphasize the opposition's role in accountability and checks and balances, which are fundamental to a healthy democracy.

Question 7. When does a bill become a Law?
Answer: A proposed bill, once approved by both legislative chambers, becomes a law only after the President gives their signature.
In simple words: A bill becomes a law only after both houses of Parliament pass it and the President signs it.

Exam Tip: Remember the three key stages: passage by both houses and then presidential assent for a bill to become law.

Fill in the blanks with proper words in the following statements:

Question 1. Generally, the elections of the Lok Sabha are held every ............................ years.
Answer: five
In simple words: Lok Sabha elections usually happen every five years.

Exam Tip: Know the fixed term for Lok Sabha elections (five years) as a basic fact of Indian democracy.

Question 2. The Prime Minister is appointed by ............................
Answer: the President
In simple words: The President chooses the Prime Minister.

Exam Tip: Recall that the President formally appoints the Prime Minister, usually the leader of the majority party.

Question 3. The Vice-President works as the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.
Answer: The Vice-President
In simple words: The Vice-President is the leader of the Rajya Sabha.

Exam Tip: Understand the role of the Vice-President as the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.

Question. If you have any problems related to water, roads, electricity, etc. in your village, locality or taluka, then whom would you approach the matter and what would be your complaint?
Answer: Initially, we would reach out to the government official of our Taluka and the Taluka Development Officer for issues concerning water, electricity, or roads in our village, locality, or taluka. Next, we would contact our District Collector and District Development Officer. Additionally, we would bring the issue before the Legislative Assembly member from our Taluka area. Lastly, we would present it to the Member of Parliament for our constituency.
In simple words: First, we would contact local government officers like the Taluka Development Officer for issues with water, roads, or electricity. Then, we would approach the District Collector. After that, we would inform our area's Member of Legislative Assembly and finally, the Member of Parliament from our constituency.

Exam Tip: When describing problem-solving, outline the hierarchical steps for approaching government authorities, starting from local to higher levels.

Activities

Question 1. Organize election for the School Panchayat. Make various departments and assign responsibilities. School Panchayat election ? Make a list based on the votes received by the candidates.
Answer: (Student Activity) This activity involves organizing an election for a School Panchayat, creating different departments, and assigning roles to students. It also includes making a list of candidates based on the votes they get.
In simple words: This activity asks you to set up a school election, create different student groups, give them jobs, and then list who won based on votes.

Exam Tip: For activity-based questions, describe the steps involved and the learning objective rather than providing a definitive answer.

Question 2. What would you do to be elected the President of the school ? How would you select the prefects of various committees to help in the administration of the school?
Answer: (Student Activity) To be elected as School President, one might campaign, present a manifesto, and engage with students. Prefects for different committees could be selected based on their skills, leadership qualities, academic performance, and democratic voting or interviews, ensuring they can help manage the school effectively.
In simple words: To become school President, I would campaign and share my plans. Prefects would be chosen for different school jobs based on their talents, how well they lead, and their grades, maybe through voting or interviews.

Exam Tip: When explaining how to get elected, mention campaigning, sharing a vision, and gaining support. For selecting prefects, focus on merit, leadership, and fair processes.

Question 3. Prepare a list of duties to be assigned to the prefects.
Answer: (Student Activity) A list of duties for prefects could include maintaining discipline, organizing events, assisting teachers, managing school resources, and mentoring younger students. Specific duties would depend on the committee they belong to, such as sports, academics, or cultural activities.
In simple words: Prefects' jobs might include keeping order, helping teachers, organizing school events, looking after school items, and helping younger students.

Exam Tip: When listing duties, think about key areas of school administration where student leaders can contribute, such as discipline, support, and event management.

Question 4. What are the criteria to be considered while electing candidates ? Write any three.
Answer: (Student Activity) Three criteria for electing candidates could be: leadership qualities (ability to guide and motivate), academic performance (good grades reflecting responsibility), and extracurricular involvement (participation in diverse activities showing commitment and teamwork).
In simple words: Three things to look for in candidates are leadership skills, good grades, and involvement in school activities.

Exam Tip: Focus on qualities that indicate responsibility, capability, and positive influence when identifying criteria for electing candidates.

Question 2. Make a list of the functions of the Parliament by collecting news related to the Parliament.
Answer: (Student Activity) By reviewing news about Parliament, one can list functions such as law-making, budget approval, debating national issues, questioning ministers (during Question Hour), and overseeing government performance. News reports often highlight these activities, showing how Parliament controls the executive and represents public interests.
In simple words: Look at news about Parliament to list what it does, like making laws, approving money plans, discussing important topics, asking ministers questions, and checking how the government is working.

Exam Tip: Connect current events and news to the formal functions of Parliament, demonstrating practical understanding of its roles.

Question 3. Make a list of the questions asked in the sessions of the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha by watching the live telecast of its proceedings.
Answer: (Student Activity) Watching live telecasts of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha sessions would reveal questions on various topics like economic policy, social issues, foreign relations, and government schemes. These questions often highlight public concerns, demands for accountability, and policy implementation. A list would include specific examples such as "What steps are being taken to control inflation?" or "What is the progress of rural development projects?"
In simple words: Watch Parliament sessions to list the kinds of questions asked, which often cover things like the economy, social problems, international matters, and how government plans are working.

Exam Tip: When observing parliamentary questions, note both the subject matter and the underlying purpose (e.g., seeking information, demanding accountability).

Question 4. Which arrangement will you do to solve any one problem of your area? Prepare a project for the same.
Answer: (Student Activity) For example, to solve the problem of poor road conditions in my area, I would propose a project. This would involve: 1. Identifying the specific road sections needing repair. 2. Documenting the problem with photos and resident testimonies. 3. Submitting a formal complaint to the local municipal corporation or PWD. 4. Following up with officials and local representatives. 5. Organizing a community petition to show collective concern. 6. Proposing potential solutions and budget estimates (if possible).
In simple words: To fix bad roads, I would identify specific areas, take pictures, complain to the local government, follow up with leaders, and gather community support to push for repairs.

Exam Tip: For project-based questions, structure your answer with clear, actionable steps that address problem identification, stakeholder engagement, and proposed solutions.

GSEB Class 8 Social Science Role of Parliament in a Democratic Country Intext Questions and Answers

Question 1. Would you prefer direct selection? Justify your answer.
Answer: I would not favor direct selection, as this does not align with democracy. In a democratic system, everyone possesses the right to participate in elections. Each student has the opportunity to be a candidate for class monitor. With direct selection, a student wanting to be a monitor might not receive an opportunity.
In simple words: I would not like direct selection because it is not democratic. In a democracy, everyone has a chance to run in elections, and direct selection stops someone who wants to be a leader from getting an opportunity.

Exam Tip: When discussing direct selection vs. democracy, emphasize that democracy ensures equal opportunity and participation for all, which direct selection might bypass.

Question 2. What is the name of the Member of Parliament of your constituency?
Answer: For this response, learners should record the name of the Member of Parliament representing their local area.
In simple words: Students should write down the name of their local Member of Parliament.

Exam Tip: For questions asking for personal details like names of representatives, explicitly state that students should fill in the relevant information for their specific location.

Question 3. What is the name of your Parliamentary Constituency ?
Answer: In response, students ought to state the name of their specific Parliamentary Constituency.
In simple words: Students should write the name of their Parliamentary Constituency.

Exam Tip: Similar to the previous question, advise students to provide the correct details for their own constituency.

Question 4. Who presides over the sessions of the Lok Sabha/Rajya Sabha? Is there a need of a person to regulate and control the sessions? Why?
Answer: The Speaker of the Lok Sabha oversees its sessions. Yes, such a person is necessary to direct each session and preserve order during debates and processes. This helps ensure the chamber's dignity, decorum, calm, and impartiality.
In simple words: The Speaker leads the Lok Sabha sessions. Yes, someone is needed to manage meetings and keep order, ensuring respect, proper conduct, peace, and fairness in the house.

Exam Tip: Clearly identify the presiding officer for each house and explain that their role is crucial for maintaining order, dignity, and neutrality in parliamentary proceedings.

Question 5. To whom are the questions addressed ?
Answer: The inquiries are directed to the Speaker of the Lok Sabha.
In simple words: Questions are asked to the Speaker of the Lok Sabha.

Exam Tip: Note that questions in the Lok Sabha are addressed to the Speaker, who then directs them appropriately, upholding parliamentary procedure.

Question 6. Questions are asked in which language ?
Answer: Members pose questions using their native languages in the Lok Sabha.
In simple words: Members ask questions in their own languages in the Lok Sabha.

Exam Tip: Highlight the linguistic flexibility in the Lok Sabha, allowing members to communicate in their chosen languages.

Question 7. What is the facility provided to a Member of Parliament who does not understand the language of conversation in the session?
Answer: Parliamentary speeches are usually delivered in Hindi and English. Furthermore, five languages from North India and four from South India are approved for addresses. There's a system to hear each speech given in Hindi and English by converting it into any of the nine specified languages.
In simple words: Speeches in Parliament are mostly in Hindi and English. But there's a system where members can listen to speeches translated into nine other accepted languages if they don't understand Hindi or English.

Exam Tip: Explain the provisions for linguistic diversity in Parliament, focusing on the translation facilities available for members.

Question 8. What do you expect from the Member of Parliament of your area?
Answer: My expectations from the Member of Parliament Of my area are as under :

• He should bring the government's focus to issues concerning agriculture, water supply, power, schooling, wellness, roads, and similar matters in my locality.
• He should obtain a pledge from the government minister to tackle each problem and resolve all challenges.
• He must monitor whether the promises made by the Ministers have been fulfilled or not.

Exam Tip: When outlining expectations from an MP, focus on their representative role (voicing local concerns) and their oversight role (ensuring government action and accountability).

Question 9. Which are the two houses of the Parliament ?
Answer: The Parliament has two chambers: the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha.
In simple words: The two parts of Parliament are the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha.

Exam Tip: Recall the names of the two houses of the Indian Parliament as a fundamental piece of information.

Question 10. Mention the functions of the Lok Sabha.
Answer: The functions of the Lok Sabha:

• The Lok Sabha creates laws on topics within the Union and Concurrent Lists.
• It also introduces needed updates to existing laws and abolishes irrelevant ones.
• The Lok Sabha holds more authority than the Rajya Sabha concerning financial bills, including the budget.
• Its members receive crucial information about state administration by asking questions to Ministers. They closely watch their work and guide them.
• The Lok Sabha discusses various national issues and highlights them.
• It receives pledges from Ministers to resolve public problems. Ministers must meet all promises made in the Lok Sabha.
• The Central cabinet is accountable to the Lok Sabha. If its members are unhappy with the Cabinet's actions, they can pass a no-confidence motion, compelling it to resign.
• The government cannot spend any money without Lok Sabha's approval, nor can it impose new taxes.

Exam Tip: When detailing Lok Sabha's functions, emphasize its legislative power, financial control (especially over the budget), oversight of the executive, and its role in holding the government accountable through motions like no-confidence.

Question 11. What are the functions and powers of the Prime Minister?
Answer:
(1) The Prime Minister establishes a cabinet after an invitation from the President. He assigns one or more ministries to each minister. He also undertakes accountability for one or more ministries.
(2) He possesses the authority to remove ministers, alter their portfolios, and reorganize the entire cabinet.
(3) The Prime Minister leads the executive branch of our nation. He shapes both domestic and international policies, providing direction to each minister in line with those policies.
(4) He chairs cabinet meetings, making sound choices on significant issues after thorough talks with his Council of Ministers.
(5) He announces government policies in the Lok Sabha and clarifies them.
(6) The Prime Minister serves as a connection between the Cabinet and the President. He keeps the President informed about various decisions regarding the country's overall situation and the complete management of the Central Government during Cabinet sessions.
In simple words: The Prime Minister creates the cabinet, assigns jobs to ministers, and can also remove them or change their departments. As the country's executive head, he forms national and foreign policies and guides all ministers. He chairs cabinet meetings, makes important decisions with his Council of Ministers, and announces government policies in the Lok Sabha. He also acts as a link between the Cabinet and the President, keeping the President informed about national matters.

Exam Tip: Outline the Prime Minister's key roles: forming/leading the cabinet, policy-making (domestic & foreign), legislative accountability (Lok Sabha), and acting as a link between the executive and the head of state.

Question 12. Why is the Rajya Sabha never dissolved completely ?
Answer: In the Rajya Sabha, \( \frac{1}{3} \) of the members step down every two years, and an equal number of new members are brought in. Therefore, the Rajya Sabha is never fully dissolved, and it is known as a permanent legislative body.
In simple words: The Rajya Sabha is never fully dissolved because one-third of its members retire every two years, and new members are elected to replace them, keeping it a continuous body.

Exam Tip: Remember that the Rajya Sabha is a permanent house because its members retire in a staggered manner, ensuring continuity rather than complete dissolution.

Question 13. If you were a Member of the Parliament, what would you do for the people?
Answer: As a Member of Parliament, I would present public questions, issues, and challenges in Parliament, drawing focus to them. I would seek commitments from ministers to resolve each question and address people's difficulties. I would observe whether all ministers perform their duties as per the promises they have made.
In simple words: If I were an MP, I would raise people's problems and questions in Parliament, get ministers to promise solutions, and then check if they kept their word.

Exam Tip: When answering from a hypothetical perspective, focus on the core duties of an MP: representation, advocacy, and oversight of government actions.

Question 14. If you were the Prime Minister, what would you do for the welfare of people?
Answer: As a Prime Minister :

• I would prioritize issues related to agriculture and small-scale industries. I would improve power and irrigation provisions for farmers so they can cultivate three crops annually. I would make sure farmers receive healthy seeds for planting, effective fertilizers, pesticides, medications, and farming tools at a reduced cost.
• I would expand schemes for boosting cottage industries. To support these sectors, I would organize financial assistance and raise the amount of subsidies offered.
• I would strive to eliminate illiteracy nationwide.
• I would create plans to ensure that economically weaker and disadvantaged groups receive full wages under the Employment Guarantee Scheme.
• I would enact laws to eliminate corruption and illegal payments across the country and ensure these laws are rigorously applied.
• I would guarantee that our citizens receive suitable and ample help during natural disasters such as cyclones, floods, droughts, and earthquakes.
• I would also arrange for every village to access essentials like electricity, healthcare, basic schooling, and clean drinking water.

Exam Tip: When imagining yourself as PM, focus on broad policy areas like economic development (agriculture, industry), social welfare (education, employment, disaster relief), and governance (anti-corruption, basic amenities) to demonstrate comprehensive understanding.

GSEB Class 8 Social Science Role of Parliament in a Democratic Country Additional Important Questions and Answers

Choose the correct alternative from those given below each question:

Question 1. What is the main characteristic of a democracy?
(a) Sole power rests with the army
(b) Sole power rests with one individual
(c) Sole power rests with the people
(d) Sole power rests with the President
Answer: (c) Sole power rests with the people
In simple words: The most important feature of a democracy is that all power belongs to the people.

Exam Tip: Remember that democracy is fundamentally defined by the sovereignty of the people, where power originates from them.

Question 2. Which governance policy has India accepted ?
(a) Communism
(b) Democracy
(c) Feudalism
(d) Dictatorship
Answer: (b) Democracy
In simple words: India has chosen to be a democratic country.

Exam Tip: Know that India is the world's largest democracy, having adopted this system of governance.

Question 3. Which is the upper house of the Parliament ?
(a) Legislative Assembly
(b) Vidhan Parishad
(c) Lok Sabha
(d) Rajya Sabha
Answer: (d) Rajya Sabha
In simple words: The Rajya Sabha is the upper chamber of the Indian Parliament.

Exam Tip: Distinguish between the Lok Sabha (lower house) and the Rajya Sabha (upper house) when identifying parliamentary structures.

Question 4. Who is the leader of the ruling party in the Lok Sabha ?
(a) Prime Minister
(b) Vice-President
(c) President
(d) Speaker
Answer: (a) Prime Minister
In simple words: The Prime Minister is the head of the party that has the majority in the Lok Sabha.

Exam Tip: Understand that the Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in the Lok Sabha and thus, the head of the government.

Question 5. How many members are elected to the Rajya Sabha ?
(a) 250
(b) 238
(c) 542
(d) 262
Answer: (b) 238
In simple words: 238 members are chosen by election to be part of the Rajya Sabha.

Exam Tip: Recall the number of elected members in the Rajya Sabha (238) and distinguish it from nominated members (12).

Question 6. How many members does the President appoint in the Rajya Sabha ?
(a) 14
(b) 10
(c) 12
(d) 25
Answer: (c) 12
In simple words: The President nominates 12 members to the Rajya Sabha.

Exam Tip: Remember that the President nominates 12 members to the Rajya Sabha from fields like arts, science, literature, and social service.

Question 7. How many members retire after every two years from the Rajya Sabha?
(a) \( \frac{1}{3} \)
(b) \( \frac{1}{2} \)
(c) \( \frac{1}{4} \)
(d) \( \frac{1}{10} \)
Answer: (a) \( \frac{1}{3} \)
In simple words: One-third of the Rajya Sabha members finish their term every two years.

Exam Tip: Understand the staggered retirement system of the Rajya Sabha, where one-third of members retire biennially, ensuring its permanent nature.

Question 8. Who becomes the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha ?
(a) President
(b) Speaker
(c) Prime Minister
(d) Vice-President
Answer: (d) Vice-President
In simple words: The Vice-President automatically becomes the leader of the Rajya Sabha.

Exam Tip: Recall that the Vice-President of India serves as the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.

Question 9. What is decided in the beginning of every session of the Parliament?
(a) Prayer Hour
(b) Attendance Hour
(c) Meeting Hour
(d) Question Hour
Answer: (d) Question Hour
In simple words: The Question Hour is the first thing planned at the start of every Parliament session.

Exam Tip: Identify Question Hour as the important initial item on the agenda for every parliamentary session, used for holding the government accountable.

Question 10. Who presides over the Lok Sabha?
(a) Prime Minister
(b) President
(c) Speaker
(d) Secretary of Parliament
Answer: (c) Speaker
In simple words: The Speaker is the one who leads the Lok Sabha meetings.

Exam Tip: Differentiate between the presiding officers: the Speaker for the Lok Sabha and the Vice-President for the Rajya Sabha.

Fill in the blanks with proper words in the following statements:

Question 1. In democracy, the people themselves are ............................ .
Answer: the maker of their future
In simple words: In a democracy, people decide their own future.

Exam Tip: Emphasize the concept of popular sovereignty in democracy, where citizens actively shape their destiny.

Question 2. In Gujarati, Democracy is known as ............................ .
Answer: Lokshahi (Democracy)
In simple words: In Gujarati, democracy is called Lokshahi.

Exam Tip: Be aware of regional language terms for key political concepts, such as 'Lokshahi' for democracy in Gujarati.

Question 3. India has adopted the ' ............................ system of Democracy.
Answer: Parliamentary
In simple words: India uses a Parliamentary system of Democracy.

Exam Tip: Recall that India follows a Parliamentary form of democracy, characterized by a fusion of powers between the executive and legislature.

Question 4. The Lok Sabha is known as the ' ............................ House' of Parliament.
Answer: Lower
In simple words: The Lok Sabha is also called the 'Lower House' of Parliament.

Exam Tip: Remember the common names for the two houses: Lok Sabha as the Lower House and Rajya Sabha as the Upper House.

Question 5. The Rajya Sabha is known as the ' ............................ House' of Parliament.
Answer: Upper
In simple words: The Rajya Sabha is also called the 'Upper House' of Parliament.

Exam Tip: Know the designations of the parliamentary houses to avoid confusion in terminology.

Question 6. A candidate elected to the Lok Sabha is called ............................ .
Answer: Member of Parliament
In simple words: Someone chosen for the Lok Sabha is called a Member of Parliament.

Exam Tip: Understand the correct designation for elected representatives in the Lok Sabha (MP) and Legislative Assemblies (MLA).

Question 7. There are ............................ members in the Rajya Sabha.
Answer: 250
In simple words: The Rajya Sabha has 250 members in total.

Exam Tip: Remember the total strength of the Rajya Sabha, including both elected and nominated members.

Question 8. Twelve members are nominated by ............................ in the Rajya Sabha.
Answer: the President
In simple words: The President selects twelve members for the Rajya Sabha.

Exam Tip: Recall that the President of India has the power to nominate specific members to the Rajya Sabha.

Question 9. The Rajya Sabha has the representative of every ............................ of our country.
Answer: states
In simple words: The Rajya Sabha represents all the states in our country.

Exam Tip: Understand that the Rajya Sabha is primarily the Council of States, representing the interests of the constituent states of India.

Question 10. The form of governance where a king/queen has sole power is known as ............................ .
Answer: Monarchy
In simple words: When a king or queen holds all the power, it's called a monarchy.

Exam Tip: Differentiate monarchy (rule by a king/queen) from democracy (rule by the people) and other forms of government.

Question 11. In central government, the ............................ works to make laws.
Answer: Parliament
In simple words: The Parliament in the central government is responsible for making laws.

Exam Tip: Identify Parliament as the central legislative body, responsible for law-making at the national level.

Question 12. The person who presides over the sessions in the Lok Sabha is known as the ............................ .
Answer: Speaker
In simple words: The person who leads the Lok Sabha meetings is called the Speaker.

Exam Tip: Remember the specific title, Speaker, for the presiding officer of the Lok Sabha.

State whether the following statements are true or false:

Question 1. In a Democratic government, the leader of the party that has clear majority is appointed as the Prime Minister.
Answer: True
In simple words: This statement is true. In a democracy, the person who leads the party with the most votes becomes the Prime Minister.

Exam Tip: Understand that the leader of the majority party (or a coalition) in the Lok Sabha is usually invited by the President to form the government and become Prime Minister.

Question 2. In India, the Judiciary is the supreme organisation.
Answer: False
In simple words: This statement is false. In India, the Constitution is the highest authority, not the Judiciary alone.

Exam Tip: Recall that in India, the Constitution is supreme, and while the judiciary interprets laws, it operates within the constitutional framework.

Question 3. The Lok Sabha is the upper house of the Parliament.
Answer: False
In simple words: This statement is false. The Lok Sabha is the lower house, while the Rajya Sabha is the upper house.

Exam Tip: Clearly distinguish between the Lok Sabha (lower house) and the Rajya Sabha (upper house) to avoid common factual errors.

Question 4. Each constituency is represented by one elected member in the Parliament.
Answer: True
In simple words: This statement is true. Every electoral area chooses one representative for Parliament.

Exam Tip: Understand the concept of single-member constituencies, where each geographical area elects one representative to the Parliament.

Question 5. The Prime Minister elects ministers from the members of his party.
Answer: True
In simple words: This statement is true. The Prime Minister chooses ministers mainly from within his own political party.

Exam Tip: Note that the Prime Minister has the discretion to choose ministers, primarily from the ruling party, to form the Council of Ministers.

Question 6. The Lok Sabha is a permanent house.
Answer: False
In simple words: This statement is false. The Lok Sabha is not permanent and can be dissolved, unlike the Rajya Sabha.

Exam Tip: Remember that the Lok Sabha has a fixed term and can be dissolved before its term, making it non-permanent, unlike the Rajya Sabha.

Question 7. The President acts as the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.
Answer: False
In simple words: This statement is false. The Vice-President, not the President, is the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.

Exam Tip: Correctly identify the Vice-President as the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha, not the President.

Question 8. The President is called a part of the Parliament.
Answer: True
In simple words: This statement is true. The President is considered an integral part of the Parliament.

Exam Tip: Understand that the Indian Parliament comprises the President, the Lok Sabha, and the Rajya Sabha, making the President an essential component.

Match the following pairs:

Answer: (1 – 5), (2 – 6), (3 – 1), (4 – 3), (5 – 2).
In simple words: The correct matches are: Lok Sabha with the lower house of Parliament; Rajya Sabha with the upper house of Parliament; Vice-President with the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha; Prime Minister with the leader of the ruling party in the Lok Sabha; and President with the power to appoint the Prime Minister.

Exam Tip: Memorize the specific roles, positions, and characteristics associated with each component of the Indian parliamentary system for accurate matching.

Answer the following questions in one or two sentences:

Question 1. What does the Parliament comprise of ?
Answer: The Parliament includes the President, the Lok Sabha, the Rajya Sabha, and the Vice-President.
In simple words: Parliament is made up of the President, the Lok Sabha, the Rajya Sabha, and the Vice-President.

Exam Tip: When defining Parliament's composition, ensure you include all its essential components: the President and both houses.

Question 2. How many houses does the Parliament of India have ? Which are they ?
Answer: India's Parliament is made up of two chambers. The lower chamber is known as the 'Lok Sabha,' and the upper chamber is called the 'Rajya Sabha.'
In simple words: The Indian Parliament has two houses: the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha.

Exam Tip: Clearly state the number of houses and their names when asked about the structure of the Indian Parliament.

Question 3. Which is the upper house of the Parliament ?
Answer: The Rajya Sabha functions as the upper chamber of the Parliament.
In simple words: The Rajya Sabha is the upper house of the Parliament.

Exam Tip: Consistently identify the Rajya Sabha as the upper house to demonstrate correct knowledge.

Question 4. Why does the Parliament have complete and important powers in Democracy?
Answer: Parliament holds full and significant authority in a democracy because it stands for the nation's citizens. The Members of Parliament are individuals chosen by the populace through elections.
In simple words: Parliament has important powers in a democracy because its members are chosen by the people, so it represents them.

Exam Tip: Emphasize that Parliament's power in a democracy stems from its representative nature, as it embodies the will of the elected people.

Question 5. What is a constituency?
Answer: For Lok Sabha elections, the entire country is separated into different areas based on location and population to simplify voting. Each of these voting areas is known as a 'Constituency'.
In simple words: A constituency is a specific area from which voters choose their representative for Parliament.

Exam Tip: Define a constituency as an electoral district from which one representative is elected, based on geographical and population factors.

Question 6. Whom does the President appoint as the Prime Minister?
Answer: After the general elections, the President names the leader of the party or a group of parties that holds a clear majority in Parliament as the Prime Minister.
In simple words: The President chooses the Prime Minister after elections, picking the leader of the winning party or alliance with most votes.

Exam Tip: Remember that the Prime Minister is appointed by the President, not directly elected to the role.

Question 7. Who elects the members of the Rajya Sabha?
Answer: The chosen members of the Legislative Assembly from various states select the members for the Rajya Sabha.
In simple words: Members of the Rajya Sabha are picked by state-level elected representatives.

Exam Tip: Distinguish between direct election (Lok Sabha) and indirect election (Rajya Sabha) for members.

Question 8. Who becomes the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha?
Answer: The Vice-President of India serves as the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.
In simple words: The Vice-President of India automatically becomes the head of the Rajya Sabha.

Exam Tip: This is a key constitutional role to remember: the Vice-President's dual function.

Question 9. Which house of Parliament is never dissolved completely?
Answer: The upper house of Parliament, which is the Rajya Sabha, is never fully dissolved.
In simple words: The Rajya Sabha is a permanent house and never completely closes down.

Exam Tip: Understand why the Rajya Sabha is considered a permanent body, often linked to its continuous nature.

Question 10. Give reason: Rajya Sabha is a permanent house. OR Rajya Sabha is never dissolved completely.
Answer: The Rajya Sabha is a permanent house and never fully dissolved. This is because \( \frac{1}{3} \) of its members step down every two years, after finishing their 6-year term, and new members are brought in.
In simple words: The Rajya Sabha is always there because a third of its members leave every two years, and new ones join, so it never has to completely restart.

Exam Tip: Focus on the fractional retirement and fixed term length as the reasons for its permanent status.

Question 11. Why is the President called a part of the Parliament?
Answer: The President is considered a part of Parliament because they are involved with its processes. A bill approved by both houses only becomes a law after the President's signature. The President also has the authority to decide on parliamentary meetings and announce the end of sessions.
In simple words: The President is part of Parliament because laws need their signature to pass, and they can call or end Parliament meetings.

Exam Tip: The President's role as the final signatory on bills and convener of sessions highlights their integral position within the parliamentary system.

Answer the Following Questions:

Question 1. How is the Parliament formed in India?
Answer: India operates under a 'Parliamentary Democracy'. Parliament is the highest body in India. The Parliament of India includes the President and two houses: the Lok Sabha (with 545 members total), known as the 'Lower House', and the Rajya Sabha (with 250 members total), known as the ‘Upper House’. In our governance system, Parliament possesses full authority because it consists of the nation's chosen representatives.
The Lok Sabha (House of the People) elections happen every 5 years. Each voting area has one elected member representing it in Parliament. This elected person is called a 'Member of Parliament' (M.P.). All these elected members together establish the 'Lok Sabha'. The chosen members of each state's Legislative Assembly select the members for the Rajya Sabha. The Rajya Sabha has 250 members; 238 are elected, and the remaining 12 are nominated by the President of India.
This explains how Parliament, made up of the Lok Sabha (Lower House) and the Rajya Sabha (Upper House), is structured.
In simple words: India uses a system called Parliamentary Democracy, where the Parliament is the main power. It has the President and two parts: the Lok Sabha (Lower House) and the Rajya Sabha (Upper House). People elect members for the Lok Sabha every five years. State representatives choose members for the Rajya Sabha, and some are chosen by the President. Together, these parts make up the Parliament.

Exam Tip: Focus on the three main components of the Indian Parliament: President, Lok Sabha, and Rajya Sabha, and how members for each house are selected.

Question 2. How is the Council of Ministers (Government) of India formed?
Answer: Following the Lok Sabha elections, a list of elected members by party is compiled to find out which party holds a clear majority. The party that forms the government must possess a clear majority or establish a coalition to achieve one. The President appoints the leader of this party as the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister of India heads the ruling party. The Prime Minister then creates the council of ministers by choosing members from their own party. They assign one or more departments to each minister. These ministers, along with the Prime Minister, jointly make administrative choices.
In simple words: After elections, the President picks the leader of the party with the most votes (or a group of parties) to be the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister then chooses other ministers from their party and gives them jobs, and together they run the country.

Exam Tip: Key steps include identifying the majority party, presidential appointment of the PM, and the PM's role in forming the cabinet and allocating portfolios.

Question 3. How is the Lok Sabha formed?
Answer: Elections for the Lok Sabha (House of the People) occur every 5 years. Each voting area (constituency) is represented in Parliament by one chosen member. This elected candidate is called a 'Member of Parliament' (M.P.). All these elected members together establish the 'Lok Sabha'.
In simple words: The Lok Sabha is formed through elections every five years, where people in each area choose one Member of Parliament, and all these elected members create the Lok Sabha.

Exam Tip: Highlight the direct elections, 5-year term, and constituency-based representation as central to Lok Sabha formation.

Question 4. How is the Rajya Sabha formed?
Answer: The chosen members of each state's Legislative Assembly select the members for the Rajya Sabha. The Rajya Sabha comprises 250 members; 238 are elected, and the other 12 are nominated by the President of India. The Rajya Sabha is a continuous body and is never completely dissolved. Hence, \( \frac{1}{3} \) of its members step down every two years (after completing their 6-year term), and new members are brought in. The Rajya Sabha speaks for the states of our country. The individual who leads each session is called the Chairman. The Vice-President of India serves as the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.
In simple words: The Rajya Sabha is made up of 250 members, mostly elected by state assemblies, with 12 nominated by the President. It's a permanent body because a third of its members retire and are replaced every two years. The Vice-President of India is its Chairman.

Exam Tip: Emphasize the indirect election by state assemblies, the nomination of some members, its permanent nature due to staggered retirements, and the role of the Vice-President as Chairman.