GSEB Class 8 Social Science Solutions Chapter 5 Revolutionaries of India

1. Answer the following questions.

Question 1. What was the vow taken by Vasudev Fadke?
Answer: Vasudev Fadke took a solemn pledge not to apply 'tilak' on his forehead and also not to cut his hair until he had successfully liberated India from the dominance of the British.
In simple words: Vasudev Fadke promised he would not wear tilak or cut his hair until India was free from British control.

Exam Tip: When describing historical figures' vows, state the vow clearly and concisely, including both what they pledged to do or not do, and the condition for breaking it.

Question 2. Why was Khudiram Bose hanged?
Answer: On April 30, 1908, Khudiram Bose and Praful Chaki threw a bomb at Judge Kingsford's horse carriage, aiming to kill him. The judge survived the attack, but his wife and Lawyer Kennedy's daughter tragically died. Khudiram Bose was apprehended and later hanged for his involvement in this crime.
In simple words: Khudiram Bose was hanged because he and Praful Chaki threw a bomb at Judge Kingsford, killing the judge's wife and daughter, though the judge survived.

Exam Tip: For questions about historical executions, mention the date, the specific act, the intended target, the actual outcome, and the resulting punishment.

Question 3. Which book was written by Vir Sawarkar?
Answer: Vir Sawarkar authored a notable book titled '1857: India's First Freedom Struggle'.
In simple words: Vir Sawarkar wrote a book named '1857: India's First Freedom Struggle'.

Exam Tip: When asked about a specific author's work, simply state the full title of the book accurately.

Question 4. How did Chandra Shekhar come to be known as 'Azad?
Answer: Chandra Shekhar was apprehended and brought before the court because he participated in Gandhiji's non-cooperative movement. During the trial, when asked for his name, he declared it as 'Azad'. He also stated that his father's name was 'Azad' (meaning Freedom) and his residence was 'Prison'. From that point onward, he gained recognition and popularity as 'Azad'.
In simple words: Chandra Shekhar was called 'Azad' because when arrested, he told the court his name was 'Azad,' his father was 'Freedom,' and his home was 'Prison.'

Exam Tip: Highlight the specific incident or statement that led to a person's nickname or title, as it's often the key detail.

Question 5. Who threw a bomb in the legislative assembly?
Answer: Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt tossed a bomb into the Legislative Assembly in Delhi on April 8, 1928. Their main purpose was to attract the attention of the British government. Although they had the opportunity to escape, they remained there, shouting slogans, and surrendered peacefully.
In simple words: Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw a bomb into the Legislative Assembly in Delhi to get the British government's attention, then peacefully gave themselves up.

Exam Tip: Remember both key figures involved and the date of the event, as well as their motivation, for a complete answer.

Question 6. What activities were carried out by Shyamji Krushna Verma?
Answer: The activities carried out by Shyamji Krushna Verma are as follows:

• Shyamji Krushna Verma played a crucial part in setting up the ‘Indian Home Rule Society' on February 18, 1905, in London. The central office of this society was located in his house, which was known as 'India House'.
• To promote this society, he launched a daily newspaper called 'Indian Sociologist'.
• Shyamji Krushna worked with prominent leaders like Vinayak Sawarkar, Lala Hardayal, Madanlal Dhingra, Sardar Singh Rana, and Madam Cama to organize revolutionary actions.
• He also provided financial aid and scholarships to support Indians residing in England.

Exam Tip: When listing activities, use bullet points for clarity and ensure each point describes a distinct action or contribution.

2. Identify me.

Question 1. I used to topple the boats carrying salt.
Answer: Khudiram Bose
In simple words: I am Khudiram Bose.

Exam Tip: For 'Identify me' questions, provide the exact name of the person being described.

Question 2. I established an institution – 'Mitramela'.
Answer: Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
In simple words: I am Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar.

Exam Tip: Identify the correct person who founded the specified organization.

Question 3. I prevented the attack on 'Arya Samaj' temple.
Answer: Ashfaq Ullah Khan
In simple words: I am Ashfaq Ullah Khan.

Exam Tip: Recall which revolutionary figure is credited with preventing this specific temple attack.

Question 4. It's my vow that 'I will never be caught alive”.
Answer: Chandra Shekhar Azad
In simple words: I am Chandra Shekhar Azad.

Exam Tip: This famous vow is a key identifier for Chandra Shekhar Azad, so remember it.

Question 5. I established 'Indian Home Rule Society'.
Answer: Shyamji Krushna Verma
In simple words: I am Shyamji Krushna Verma.

Exam Tip: Connect the founding of the 'Indian Home Rule Society' with Shyamji Krushna Verma.

3. Write a short note on the following.

Question 1. Vir Sawarkar
Answer: Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar (often called Vir Sawarkar) was born on May 28, 1883, in Bhagur village, Nasik district, Maharashtra. He harbored revolutionary ideas from his early years. He established an organization known as ‘MitraMela', which was later renamed 'Abhinav Bharat'. The primary goal of this group was to free India from British rule through armed rebellion. Vir Sawarkar was the first to set fire to foreign clothes. He also penned a book titled '1857: India's First Freedom Struggle', which was prohibited even before its publication. He was arrested in 1910 for his association with the revolutionary organization 'India House'. Sawarkar received a sentence of two life terms (totaling 50 years) and was sent to the Cellular Jail on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, a place also known as 'Kalapani'. Later, due to poor health, he was placed under house arrest in the Ratnagiri district of Maharashtra. Sawarkar passed away on February 26, 1966.
In simple words: Vir Sawarkar, born in 1883, was a revolutionary who founded 'MitraMela' to fight for India's freedom. He burned foreign clothes and wrote '1857: India's First Freedom Struggle.' He was jailed in 'Kalapani' and later kept under house arrest until his death in 1966.

Exam Tip: When writing a short note on a personality, include their birth details, key contributions (organizations, publications, actions), notable arrests or sentences, and death information.

Question 2. Vir Bhagat Singh
Answer: Bhagat Singh was born on September 28, 1907, in Banga village of Lyallpur district in Punjab. He studied European revolutionary movements and Marxist thoughts. He quickly became one of the main leaders of the Hindustan Republican Association. While pursuing his studies at Lahore National College, he connected with Sukhdev, Bhagwat Charan, and Yashpal. Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw a bomb in the Legislative Assembly at Delhi on April 8, 1928. Their main intention was to draw the attention of the British government. Although they could have escaped, they remained there, shouting slogans, and surrendered peacefully. The three revolutionaries and close companions—Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru—killed British officer Saunders to avenge the demise of Lala Lajpat Rai. This trio was hanged on the same day, March 23, 1931.
In simple words: Bhagat Singh was a revolutionary leader born in 1907 in Punjab. He studied revolutionary ideas and became a key figure in the Hindustan Republican Association. With Batukeshwar Dutt, he threw a bomb in the Legislative Assembly and later, with Sukhdev and Rajguru, avenged Lala Lajpat Rai's death by killing a British officer. All three were hanged on March 23, 1931.

Exam Tip: For revolutionary figures, emphasize their birth details, political affiliations, key actions (bombings, assassinations), their motivations, and the ultimate sacrifice they made.

Question 3. Chandra Shekhar Azad
Answer: Chandra Shekhar Azad's actual name was Chandra Shekhar Sitaram Tiwari. He was born on July 23, 1906, in Bhavra village of Alirajpur district in Madhya Pradesh. He was arrested and brought before the court for participating in Gandhiji's non-cooperative movement. In court, when asked his name, he declared it as 'Azad'. He stated that his father's name was 'Azad' (Freedom) and his residence was ‘Prison'. From that moment, he became widely known as 'Azad'. Chandra Shekhar participated in the train robbery at Kakori Station. Although 40 revolutionaries were apprehended, Azad managed to escape. Chandra Shekhar had taken a solemn pledge not to be caught alive by the British government. On February 27, 1931, as Azad sat in Alfred Park at Allahabad, he was suddenly surrounded by British police. He bravely fought the police team by himself. Finally, when he saw no chance to flee from the park, he shot himself with his own pistol and achieved martyrdom. It is said that the police were so afraid of Azad that they fired 2-3 bullets into his body to confirm his death before approaching him closely.
In simple words: Chandra Shekhar Azad, born in 1906, was a freedom fighter who named himself 'Azad' in court. He took part in the Kakori train robbery and vowed not to be caught alive. Surrounded by British police in Alfred Park, he fought alone and, when escape was impossible, shot himself to become a martyr in 1931.

Exam Tip: Focus on his adopted name's origin, his famous vow, involvement in major events like the Kakori incident, and his dramatic death, emphasizing his commitment to freedom.

Question 4. Shyamji Krushna Verma
Answer: Shyamji Krushna Verma was born on October 4, 1857, in Mandvi village of Kutch district in Gujarat. He was a pioneer of revolutionary activities abroad. He played a crucial part in setting up the 'Indian Home Rule Society' on February 18, 1905, in London. The office of this society was located in his house, which was known as 'India House'. To promote this society, he launched a daily newspaper called 'Indian Sociologist'. Shyamji Krushna collaborated with prominent leaders like Vinayak Sawarkar, Lala Hardayal, Madanlal Dhingra, Sardar Singh Rana, and Madam Cama to organize revolutionary actions. He also provided financial aid and scholarships to support Indians residing in England. Shyamji Krushna Verma felt unsafe in London, which caused him to move to Paris, and later to Switzerland. He passed away in 1930 C.E.
In simple words: Shyamji Krushna Verma, born in 1857, was a revolutionary leader abroad. He established the 'Indian Home Rule Society' and 'India House' in London in 1905. He published 'Indian Sociologist,' collaborated with other revolutionaries, and offered scholarships to Indian students. He moved to Paris and then Switzerland, dying in 1930.

Exam Tip: Include his birth details, role in founding organizations abroad, publications, key associates, and his movements due to safety concerns, noting his death year.

Activities:

• Visit a memorial of any revolutionary. Gather more information about him/her.
• Collect pictures of Indian revolutionaries and make an album.
• Organize a play or a monologue based on 'India's Revolutionary Leaders during India's Freedom Struggle' on the occasion of Independence Day or Republic Day.
• With the help of contributions from the elders of your village/town, get paintings of revolutionary leaders done at public places and write some information about them under each.
• Organize a film show to watch ‘The Legend of Bhagat Singh'.
• Gather information about anyone revolutionary activity of the current times and write a short note on it.
• Make a list of the women who actively participated in the Indian Freedom Movement.

GSEB Class 8 Social Science Revolutionaries of India Intext Questions and Answers

Question 1. What would have been your contribution if you were there during the Freedom Struggle?
Answer: If I had been present during my country's Freedom Struggle, my contribution would have focused on the following aspects:

• I would have delivered newsletters carrying the messages of revolutionary leaders to every household.
• I would have taken part in burning English cloth and goods.
• I would have gained training in using pistols and other weapons.
• I would have boycotted all programs announced by the British government.
• I would have taken a vow, stating, "I will not eat any sweetmeats until the country gains freedom."

Exam Tip: For hypothetical questions, ensure your answer includes varied and specific contributions, demonstrating an understanding of the historical context.

Question 2. What would have been his contribution to India's freedom struggle if Bhagat Singh had lived longer?
Answer: If Bhagat Singh had not been executed, he would certainly have started a nationwide armed uprising against the British. This action would have led to the British leaving India quickly. As a result, India might have achieved freedom in the early part of the 20th century itself.
In simple words: If Bhagat Singh lived longer, he would have likely started a huge armed rebellion across the country, making the British leave India sooner, possibly achieving freedom earlier in the 20th century.

Exam Tip: For counterfactual questions, provide a plausible scenario based on the historical figure's known ideology and actions, and explain the potential impact.

GSEB Class 8 Social Science Revolutionaries of India Additional Important Questions and Answers

Choose the correct alternative from those given below each question:

Question 1. Who started revolutionary movements In India?
A. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
B. Chandra Shekhar Azad
C. Vasudev Balwant Fadke
D. Shyamji Krushna Verma
Answer: (C) Vasudev Balwant Fadke
In simple words: Vasudev Balwant Fadke was the first person to begin revolutionary activities in India.

Exam Tip: Remember the earliest figures associated with starting major movements.

Question 2. For whose capture had the British government declared a prize of Rs. 4000/-.
A. Vasudev Balwant Fadke
B. Madanlal Dhingra
C. Chandra Shekhar Azad
D. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
Answer: (A) Vasudev Balwant Fadke
In simple words: The British government offered Rs. 4000 for catching Vasudev Balwant Fadke.

Exam Tip: Specific reward amounts can be a strong clue for identifying key figures in history.

Question 3. Who was the first to burn foreign clothes?
A. Ramprasad Bismil
B. Chandra Shekhar Azad
C. Khudiram Bose
D. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
Answer: (D) Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
In simple words: Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar was the first individual to publicly burn foreign clothing.

Exam Tip: Link the act of burning foreign clothes to Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar as a significant symbolic protest.

Question 4. Who wrote the book named ‘1857: India's First Freedom Struggle'?
A. Khudiram Bose
B. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
C. Vasudev Balwant Fadke
D. Chandra Shekhar Azad
Answer: (B) Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
In simple words: Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar is the author of the book ‘1857: India's First Freedom Struggle'.

Exam Tip: Make sure to correctly attribute famous literary works to their authors, especially historical texts.

Question 5. Who used to upset boats carrying salt?
A. Ramprasad Bismil
B. Khudiram Bose
C. Ashfaq Ullah Khan
D. Chandra Shekhar Azad
Answer: (B) Khudiram Bose
In simple words: Khudiram Bose was known for overturning boats that carried salt.

Exam Tip: Remember specific acts of defiance against British laws, like breaking the salt law, and who performed them.

Question 6. Who played an important role in making the Kakori Train Loot a success?
A. Ramprasad Bismil
B. Madanlal Dhingra
C. Shyamji Krushna Verma
D. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
Answer: (A) Ramprasad Bismil
In simple words: Ramprasad Bismil was a major figure in making the Kakori Train Loot successful.

Exam Tip: Identify the key individuals involved in significant historical events like the Kakori Train Loot.

Question 7. Whose patriotic poems inspired patriotic fervour among Indians?
A. Ashfaq Ullah Khan's
B. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar's
C. Ramprasad Bismil's
D. Khudiram Bose's
Answer: (C) Ramprasad Bismil's
In simple words: Ramprasad Bismil's patriotic poems made Indians feel very nationalistic.

Exam Tip: Connect the influence of patriotic poetry to Ramprasad Bismil, a notable poet and revolutionary.

Question 8. Who set an example of Hindu-Muslim unity?
A. Nawab Salimullah
B. Ashfaq Ullah Khan
C. Bahadur Shah Zafar
D. Ashfaq Aga Khan
Answer: (B) Ashfaq Ullah Khan
In simple words: Ashfaq Ullah Khan demonstrated a strong model of Hindu-Muslim unity.

Exam Tip: Recognize figures who actively promoted communal harmony during the freedom struggle.

Question 9. Which of the following revolutionaries was an expert in horse riding and shooting?
A. Khudiram Bose
B. Chandra Shekhar Azad
C. Bhagat Singh
D. Ashfaq Ullah Khan
Answer: (D) Ashfaq Ullah Khan
In simple words: Ashfaq Ullah Khan was skilled at horse riding and shooting among the revolutionaries listed.

Exam Tip: Note specific skills or traits attributed to revolutionaries, as these details often appear in quizzes.

Question 10. Which revolutionary had taken a vow not to be caught alive by the British government?
A. Bhagat Singh
B. Vasudev Balwant Fadke
C. Chandra Shekhar Azad
D. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
Answer: (C) Chandra Shekhar Azad
In simple words: Chandra Shekhar Azad promised that the British government would never capture him alive.

Exam Tip: This vow is a defining characteristic of Chandra Shekhar Azad and should be easily recalled.

Question 11. Who established an organisation named 'Mitra- Mela'?
A. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
B. Chandra Shekhar Azad
C. Ramprasad Bismil
D. Vasudev Balwant Fadke
Answer: (A) Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
In simple words: Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar was the one who started the organization called 'Mitra-Mela'.

Exam Tip: Associate the founding of 'Mitra-Mela' directly with Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar.

Question 12. Who prevented the attack on the Arya Samaj Temple?
A. Ramprasad Bismil
B. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
C. Madanlal Dhingra
D. Ashfaq Ullah Khan
Answer: (D) Ashfaq Ullah Khan
In simple words: Ashfaq Ullah Khan was responsible for stopping the attack on the Arya Samaj Temple.

Exam Tip: Remember Ashfaq Ullah Khan's role in protecting the Arya Samaj Temple as an act of Hindu-Muslim unity.

Question 13. Who from the following threw a bomb in the Legislative Assembly?
A. Sukhdev
B. Bhagat Singh
C. Rajguru
D. Sardar Singh Rana
Answer: (B) Bhagat Singh
In simple words: Bhagat Singh was among those who threw a bomb in the Legislative Assembly.

Exam Tip: This is a famous act; remember Bhagat Singh as one of the main figures involved in the Legislative Assembly bombing.

Question 14. To avenge the death of which national leader did Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru assassinate English officer Saunders?
A. Bal Gangadhar Tilak's
B. Gopal Krushna Gokhale's
C. Lala Lajpat Rai's
D. Surendranath Bannerjee's
Answer: (C) Lala Lajpat Rai's
In simple words: Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru killed officer Saunders to get revenge for the death of Lala Lajpat Rai.

Exam Tip: Connect the assassination of Saunders directly to the revenge for Lala Lajpat Rai's death.

Question 15. Who was the pioneer of revolutionary activities for India abroad?
A. Lala Hardayal
B. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
C. Madanlal Dhingra
D. Shyamji Krushna Verma
Answer: (D) Shyamji Krushna Verma
In simple words: Shyamji Krushna Verma was a key leader in starting revolutionary actions for India from other countries.

Exam Tip: Identify Shyamji Krushna Verma as the driving force behind revolutionary efforts outside India.

Question 16. Who established the Indian Home Rule Society in London?
A. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
B. Madanlal Dhingra
C. Madam Cama
D. Shyamji Krushna Verma
Answer: (D) Shyamji Krushna Verma
In simple words: Shyamji Krushna Verma founded the Indian Home Rule Society in London.

Exam Tip: Clearly link the Indian Home Rule Society in London with its founder, Shyamji Krushna Verma.

Question 17. Which revolutionary assassinated William Wylie in broad daylight?
A. Chandra Shekhar Azad
B. Madanlal Dhingra
C. Bhagat Singh
D. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
Answer: (B) Madanlal Dhingra
In simple words: Madanlal Dhingra was the revolutionary who killed William Wylie in public.

Exam Tip: Remember the specific revolutionary who carried out the assassination of William Wylie.

Question 18. Who from the following revolutionaries died in Switzerland?
A. Shyamji Krushna Verma
B. Bhagat Singh
C. Vasudev Balwant Fadke
D. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
Answer: (A) Shyamji Krushna Verma
In simple words: Shyamji Krushna Verma passed away while residing in Switzerland.

Exam Tip: Note the unique detail of Shyamji Krushna Verma's death in Switzerland, distinguishing him from others.

Question 19. Who started a scholarship for Indian students in England?
A. Madanlal Dhingra
B. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
C. Shyamji Krushna Verma
D. Lala Hardayal
Answer: (C) Shyamji Krushna Verma
In simple words: Shyamji Krushna Verma was the one who started offering scholarships to Indian students in England.

Exam Tip: Remember Shyamji Krushna Verma's efforts to support Indian students studying abroad.

Question 20. Who unfurled the Indian Tricolour in Stuttgart, Germany?
A. Sardar Singh Rana
B. Madam Cama
C. Shyamji Krushna Verma
D. Lala Hardayal
Answer: (B) Madam Cama
In simple words: Madam Cama was the person who raised the Indian Tricolour flag in Stuttgart, Germany.

Exam Tip: Recognize Madam Cama's historical act of unfurling the Indian flag on foreign soil.

Fill in the blanks with proper words in the following statements:

Question 1. __________________ was the pioneer of revolutionary activities in India as well as the first martyr of India's freedom struggle.
Answer: Vasudev Balwant Fadke
In simple words: Vasudev Balwant Fadke pioneered revolutionary activities and was the first martyr of India's freedom struggle.

Exam Tip: Remember Vasudev Balwant Fadke as both a pioneer and the first martyr for India's independence.

Question 2. __________________ left his job because he was fed up of the injustice done by the British.
Answer: Vasudev Balwant Fadke
In simple words: Vasudev Balwant Fadke quit his job because he was tired of the British's unfairness.

Exam Tip: Connect the act of resigning due to British injustice with Vasudev Balwant Fadke.

Question 3. The British government declared a prize of Rs. 4000/- for the capture of __________________.
Answer: Vasudev Balwant Fadke
In simple words: The British government offered Rs. 4000 to anyone who could capture Vasudev Balwant Fadke.

Exam Tip: Recalling the reward offered for Vasudev Balwant Fadke helps to reinforce his historical significance.

Question 4. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar (Vir Sawarkar) was born at __________________ village of Nasik district in Maharashtra.
Answer: Bhagur
In simple words: Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar was born in Bhagur village.

Exam Tip: Remember the specific village where Vir Sawarkar was born.

Question 5. Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar established an organisation named '__________________' which later came to be known as '__________________'.
Answer: MitraMela, Abhinav Bharat.
In simple words: Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar created 'MitraMela,' which later became 'Abhinav Bharat.'

Exam Tip: Know both the original and later names of the organization founded by Vir Sawarkar.

Question 6. __________________ was the first to set fire to foreign clothes.
Answer: Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
In simple words: Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar was the initial person to burn foreign attire.

Exam Tip: Associate this symbolic act of protest with Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar.

Question 7. __________________ wrote the history of the first freedom struggle of 1857.
Answer: Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar
In simple words: Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar wrote about the history of the first freedom struggle of 1857.

Exam Tip: Recall the author of the significant book on the 1857 struggle.

Question 8. Khudiram Bose was born at __________________ village of Medinipur district in Bengal.
Answer: Habibpur
In simple words: Khudiram Bose was born in Habibpur village.

Exam Tip: Remember the specific village of Khudiram Bose's birth.

Question 9. Ramprasad Bismil and Ashfaq Ullah Khan were native to __________________ in Uttar Pradesh.
Answer: Shahjahanpur
In simple words: Ramprasad Bismil and Ashfaq Ullah Khan came from Shahjahanpur.

Exam Tip: Know the shared native place of these two prominent revolutionaries.

Question 10. __________________ set an example of Hindu-Muslim unity.
Answer: Ashfaq Ullah Khan
In simple words: Ashfaq Ullah Khan showed how Hindus and Muslims could be united.

Exam Tip: Remember Ashfaq Ullah Khan's significant role in promoting Hindu-Muslim harmony.

Question 11. Chandra Shekhar Azad's original name was __________________.
Answer: Chandra Shekhar Sitaram Tiwari
In simple words: Chandra Shekhar Azad's actual name was Chandra Shekhar Sitaram Tiwari.

Exam Tip: Be able to state the full birth name of Chandra Shekhar Azad.

Question 12. Chandra Shekhar Azad was born at the __________________ village of Alirapur district in Madhya Pradesh of those days.
Answer: Bhavra
In simple words: Chandra Shekhar Azad was born in Bhavra village.

Exam Tip: Recall the specific village in Madhya Pradesh where Chandra Shekhar Azad was born.

Question 13. Bhagat Singh was born in __________________ village of Lyalpur district in Punjab.
Answer: Banga
In simple words: Bhagat Singh was born in Banga village.

Exam Tip: Remember the village name associated with Bhagat Singh's birth.

Question 14. On 8th April 1928, __________________ and __________________ threw a bomb in the Legislative Assembly at Delhi.
Answer: Bhagat Singh, Batukeshwar Dutt
In simple words: On April 8, 1928, Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw a bomb into the Legislative Assembly.

Exam Tip: Know both individuals involved in the 1928 Legislative Assembly bombing.

Question 15. __________________ was the first one to start revolutionary movements abroad.
Answer: Shyamji Krushna Verma
In simple words: Shyamji Krushna Verma was the first to begin revolutionary movements from outside India.

Exam Tip: Identify Shyamji Krushna Verma as the pioneer for overseas revolutionary efforts.

Question 16. Shyamji Krushna Verma was born in __________________ city of Kutch district in Gujarat.
Answer: Mandvi
In simple words: Shyamji Krushna Verma was born in the city of Mandvi.

Exam Tip: Recall the specific city in Kutch district where Shyamji Krushna Verma was born.

Question 17. Shyamji Krushna Verma established the '__________________' in London on 18th February 1905.
Answer: Indian Home Rule Society
In simple words: Shyamji Krushna Verma founded the 'Indian Home Rule Society' in London.

Exam Tip: Remember the full name of the organization Shyamji Krushna Verma established in London.

Question 18. The office of the 'Indian Home Rule Society' was in a building named '__________________'.
Answer: India House
In simple words: The 'Indian Home Rule Society' had its office in a building called 'India House'.

Exam Tip: Know the name of the building that served as the headquarters for the Indian Home Rule Society.

Question 19. Shyamji Krushna Verma started a daily named '__________________' to propagate the 'Home Rule Society' in India.
Answer: Indian Sociologist
In simple words: Shyamji Krushna Verma launched the 'Indian Sociologist' newspaper to promote the 'Home Rule Society'.

Exam Tip: Associate the 'Indian Sociologist' newspaper with Shyamji Krushna Verma's efforts to spread Home Rule ideas.

State whether the following statements are true or false:

Question 1. Vasudev Balwant Fadke had revolutionary ideas right from childhood.
Answer: False
In simple words: The statement that Vasudev Balwant Fadke had revolutionary ideas since childhood is incorrect.

Exam Tip: Be precise about the timeline of revolutionary ideas for historical figures.

Question 2. Khudiram Bose wrote a book titled '1857: India's First Freedom Struggle'.
Answer: False
In simple words: Khudiram Bose did not write the book '1857: India's First Freedom Struggle'.

Exam Tip: Accurately attribute literary works to their correct authors to avoid common errors.

Question 3. A teacher named Satyen Babu had inspired Khudiram Bose to be a revolutionary.
Answer: True
In simple words: It is true that Satyen Babu, a teacher, motivated Khudiram Bose to become a revolutionary.

Exam Tip: Recognize the role of mentors and inspirers in the lives of freedom fighters.

Question 4. Ashfaq Ullah Khan's patriotic poems fuelled the flame of nationalism.
Answer: False
In simple words: Ashfaq Ullah Khan's poems did not primarily ignite nationalism.

Exam Tip: Ensure you correctly identify which revolutionary's poems were known for inspiring nationalism.

Question 5. Chandra Shekhar Azad was a childhood friend of Ramprasad Bismil.
Answer: False
In simple words: Chandra Shekhar Azad and Ramprasad Bismil were not childhood friends.

Exam Tip: Distinguish between associates and childhood friends for historical figures.

Question 6. Chandra Shekhar Azad became a martyr at Alfred Park in Allahabad.
Answer: True.
In simple words: It is true that Chandra Shekhar Azad died a martyr at Alfred Park in Allahabad.

Exam Tip: Remember the specific location and circumstance of Chandra Shekhar Azad's martyrdom.

Question 7. Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw a bomb in the Legislative Assembly at Delhi and ran away.
Answer: False
In simple words: Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt did not run away after throwing the bomb; they surrendered.

Exam Tip: Recall that they surrendered peacefully, which was a key part of their protest, not that they fled.

Question 8. Shyamji Krushna Verma started a scholarship for Indian students in New York.
Answer: False
In simple words: Shyamji Krushna Verma did not start a scholarship for Indian students in New York.

Exam Tip: Note that his scholarship initiatives were for students in England, not New York.

Answer the following questions in one or two sentences:

Question 1. Where did Vasudev Fadke work? Why did he leave the job?
Answer: Vasudev Fadke worked in Pune. He left his employment because he was greatly annoyed by the unfair and oppressive methods of the British Government.
In simple words: Vasudev Fadke worked in Pune but quit because the British Government's unjust actions frustrated him.

Exam Tip: State both the location of work and the primary reason for his resignation clearly.

Question 2. Which secret group had Vasudev Fadke formed?
Answer: Vasudev Fadke created a clandestine organization of armed revolutionaries known as 'Ramoshi' to resist the British.
In simple words: Vasudev Fadke started a secret group of armed revolutionaries called 'Ramoshi'.

Exam Tip: Remember the specific name of the secret group formed by Vasudev Fadke.

Question 3. Which revolutionary activities did Vasudev Fadke carry out?
Answer: He trained young men to raid British camps, steal government treasury funds, and use firearms and other weapons. The British Government was determined to capture him at any cost.
In simple words: Vasudev Fadke taught young men to attack British camps, rob money, and use weapons; the British government desperately wanted to arrest him.

Exam Tip: List a few distinct revolutionary activities associated with Vasudev Fadke to provide a comprehensive answer.

Question 4. When and where was Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar born?
Answer: Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar (also called Vir Sawarkar) was born on May 28, 1883, in Bhagur village, Nasik district, Maharashtra.
In simple words: Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar was born on May 28, 1883, in Bhagur village, Nasik, Maharashtra.

Exam Tip: Include the full date, village, district, and state for birth details.

Question 5. Why did the British government send Vir Sawarkar to the Andaman jail? OR Give reason: The British government sent Vir Sawarkar to the Andaman jail.
Answer: He was apprehended in 1910 for his affiliation with the revolutionary group ‘India House'. Sawarkar was given two life terms (50 years) and sent to the Cellular Jail on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, also known as 'Kalapani'.
In simple words: The British government sent Vir Sawarkar to Andaman jail (Kalapani) because he was arrested in 1910 for being connected to 'India House' and sentenced to two life terms.

Exam Tip: State the specific reason for arrest (association), the sentence, and the name of the jail, including its popular name.

Question 6. When and where was Khudiram Bose born?
Answer: Khudiram Bose was born on December 3, 1889, in Habibpur village of Midnapur district in Bengal.
In simple words: Khudiram Bose was born on December 3, 1889, in Habibpur village, Midnapur district, Bengal.

Exam Tip: Provide the full birth date, village, district, and state for comprehensive information.

Question 7. Who taught Khudiram Bose to walk on the path of revolution?
Answer: He was inspired by a teacher named Satyen Babu, who guided him toward the path of revolutionary action.
In simple words: A teacher named Satyen Babu encouraged Khudiram Bose to become a revolutionary.

Exam Tip: Identify the specific person who influenced Khudiram Bose's revolutionary path.

Question 8. How would Khudiram Bose break the unjust salt law?
Answer: Khudiram Bose would dive into the Ganga River and overturn boats carrying salt. This method allowed him to defy the unfair salt laws.
In simple words: Khudiram Bose would jump into the Ganga River and flip over boats that had salt, thus breaking the unfair salt laws.

Exam Tip: Describe the specific action Khudiram Bose took to protest the salt law.

Question 9. When and where was Ramprasad Bismil born?
Answer: Ramprasad Bismil was born in 1897 C.E. at Shahjahanpur in Uttar Pradesh.
In simple words: Ramprasad Bismil was born in 1897 in Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh.

Exam Tip: Include the birth year, city, and state for Ramprasad Bismil.

Question 10. Which revolutionary set an example of Hindu- Muslim unity?
Answer: A revolutionary named Ashfaq Ullah Khan demonstrated a strong instance of Hindu-Muslim unity.
In simple words: Ashfaq Ullah Khan showed a clear example of Hindu-Muslim unity.

Exam Tip: Recall Ashfaq Ullah Khan's role in promoting communal harmony.

Question 11. What was Chandra Shekhar's original name?
Answer: Chandra Shekhar Azad's actual name was Chandra Shekhar Sitaram Tiwari.
In simple words: Chandra Shekhar Azad's birth name was Chandra Shekhar Sitaram Tiwari.

Exam Tip: State the full original name of Chandra Shekhar Azad accurately.

Question 12. When and where was Chandra Shekhar born?
Answer: Chandra Shekhar was born on July 23, 1906, in Bhavra village of Alirapur district in Madhya Pradesh.
In simple words: Chandra Shekhar was born on July 23, 1906, in Bhavra village, Madhya Pradesh.

Exam Tip: Include the full birth date, village, district, and state for Chandra Shekhar.

Question 13. What vow had Chandra Shekhar Azad taken?
Answer: Chandra Shekhar had pledged never to be captured alive by the British government.
In simple words: Chandra Shekhar had vowed that the British government would never catch him alive.

Exam Tip: Remember this famous vow as a key aspect of Chandra Shekhar Azad's character.

Question 14. How did Chandra Shekhar Azad become a martyr?
Answer: On February 27, 1931, in Alfred Park, Allahabad, he was suddenly surrounded by British police. He fought alone and, seeing no escape, shot himself with his pistol, achieving martyrdom.
In simple words: Chandra Shekhar Azad became a martyr when, surrounded by British police in Alfred Park, he fought alone and then shot himself to avoid capture.

Exam Tip: Detail the circumstances of his martyrdom: the date, location, the fight, and his ultimate act.

Question 15. When and where was Vir Bhagat Singh born?
Answer: Vir Bhagat Singh was born on September 28, 1907, in Banga village of Lyallpur district in Punjab.
In simple words: Vir Bhagat Singh was born on September 28, 1907, in Banga village, Punjab.

Exam Tip: Provide the complete birth date, village, district, and state for Vir Bhagat Singh.

Question 16. How did Vir Bhagat Singh's revolutionary thoughts get support?
Answer: While studying at Lahore National College, he met Sukhdev, Bhagwat Charan, and Yashpal. When he encountered these like-minded individuals, his revolutionary ideas received substantial backing.
In simple words: Bhagat Singh's revolutionary ideas gained support by connecting with Sukhdev, Bhagwat Charan, and Yashpal while he was studying at Lahore National College.

Exam Tip: Identify the specific individuals and the context (Lahore National College) that helped strengthen his revolutionary views.

Question 17. Which three revolutionaries and fast friends were hanged on the same day?
Answer: The three revolutionaries and close companions who were executed on the same day (March 23, 1931) are Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru.
In simple words: Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru, who were close friends, were all hanged on March 23, 1931.

Exam Tip: Remember the names of all three revolutionaries who shared this fate on the same day.

Question 18. Who was the pioneer of revolutionary activities for India abroad?
Answer: Shyamji Krushna Verma, who was born in Mandvi village of Kutch district in Gujarat, led the way in revolutionary activities for India from foreign countries.
In simple words: Shyamji Krushna Verma, from Mandvi, Gujarat, was the first to start revolutionary work for India from outside the country.

Exam Tip: Identify Shyamji Krushna Verma as the key figure in organizing Indian revolutionary activities from abroad.

Question 19. Which revolutionaries helped Shyamji Krushna Verma to carry out revolutionary activities?
Answer: Shyamji Krushna received assistance from leaders such as Vinayak Sawarkar, Lala Hardayal, Madanlal Dhingra, Sardar Singh Rana, and Madam Cama to perform revolutionary actions.
In simple words: Vinayak Sawarkar, Lala Hardayal, Madanlal Dhingra, Sardar Singh Rana, and Madam Cama helped Shyamji Krushna Verma with his revolutionary work.

Exam Tip: List the prominent revolutionaries who collaborated with Shyamji Krushna Verma in his efforts abroad.

Question 20. Why was Madanlal Dhingra hanged? OR Give reason: Madanlal Dhingra was hanged.
Answer: In 1909, Madanlal Dhingra shot and killed William Wylie near Trafalgar Square in London. He was executed for this specific crime.
In simple words: Madanlal Dhingra was hanged because he shot William Wylie in London in 1909.

Exam Tip: State the specific person Madanlal Dhingra assassinated and the year to explain his hanging.

Question 21. When and where was Madam Cama born?
Answer: Madam Cama was born on September 24, 1861, in Mumbai.
In simple words: Madam Cama was born in Mumbai on September 24, 1861.

Exam Tip: Provide the full birth date and city for Madam Cama.

Question 22. Who unfurled the Indian Tricolour at a conference at Stuttgart in Germany? When?
Answer: In 1907, Madam Cama attended the 2nd International Socialist Conference held at Stuttgart in Germany, where she raised the Indian Tricolour with the slogan 'Vande Mataram'.
In simple words: Madam Cama unfurled the Indian Tricolour with the slogan 'Vande Mataram' in 1907 at the 2nd International Socialist Conference in Stuttgart, Germany.

Exam Tip: Remember Madam Cama, the year 1907, the location (Stuttgart, Germany), and the slogan 'Vande Mataram' for this significant event.

Write a short note on the following: OR Give a brief introduction of:

Question 1. Vasudev Balwant Fadke :
Answer: Vasudev Balwant Fadke was a pioneer of revolutionary movements in India. He worked in Pune but left his employment because the unfair and biased approach of the British Government greatly annoyed him. He made a vow not to apply 'tilak' on his forehead and not to cut his hair until he had liberated India from British control. Vasudev Fadke established a secret organization of armed revolutionaries called 'Ramoshi' to fight against the British. He trained young men to raid British camps and steal government treasury funds, as well as use firearms and other weapons.
In simple words: Vasudev Balwant Fadke, an early Indian revolutionary, left his job due to British injustice. He vowed not to wear tilak or cut hair until India was free. He formed a secret group, 'Ramoshi,' and trained young men to attack British targets with weapons.

Exam Tip: In a short note, include his origin as a revolutionary, the reason for his actions (British injustice), his personal vows, and the specific revolutionary group he formed and its activities.

Question 2. Khudiram Bose :
Answer: Khudiram Bose was born on December 3, 1889, in Habibpur village of Midnapur district in Bengal. He was brought up by a teacher named Satyen Babu, who inspired him to follow a revolutionary path. He used to dive into the Ganga River and overturn boats carrying salt. This was his way of breaking the unfair salt laws. On April 30, 1908, Khudiram Bose and Praful Chaki threw a bomb at Judge Kingsford's horse carriage in an attempt to kill him. However, the judge survived the attack, but his wife and Lawyer Kennedy's daughter tragically died. Khudiram Bose was apprehended and later hanged for this crime. Praful Chaki took his own life before the British could capture him.
In simple words: Khudiram Bose, born in 1889, became a revolutionary inspired by Satyen Babu. He defied salt laws by overturning boats. In 1908, he and Praful Chaki bombed Judge Kingsford, killing his wife and daughter. Khudiram was hanged for this, while Praful Chaki committed suicide to avoid capture.

Exam Tip: Include his birth details, his inspiration, methods of protest (salt law), the major bomb incident (date, target, outcome), and his ultimate fate.

Question 3. Ramprasad Bismil:
Answer: Ramprasad Bismil was born in Shahjahanpur in the United Province (now Uttar Pradesh) in 1897 C.E. He was the principal organizer of the Kakori Train Conspiracy, where revolutionaries planned to rob a train carrying treasure. He was sentenced to death for this crime. 'Bismil' was his pen name. He translated English and Bengali books. His patriotic poems greatly inspired nationalistic zeal among Indians.
In simple words: Ramprasad Bismil, born in 1897 in Shahjahanpur, was a main organizer of the Kakori Train Conspiracy, for which he was sentenced to death. Using 'Bismil' as his pen name, he translated books and his patriotic poems inspired many Indians.

Exam Tip: Include his birth details, his leadership in the Kakori incident, his pen name, literary contributions, and the impact of his patriotic poems.

Question 4. Ashfaq Ullah Khan :
Answer: Ashfaq Ullah Khan and Ramprasad Bismil demonstrated a strong example of Hindu-Muslim unity. Ashfaq Ullah Khan was skilled in horse riding and shooting. He prevented an assault on the Arya Samaj Temple in Shahjahanpur. He was involved in the Manipuri train Conspiracy as well as the Kakori Train Conspiracy. He was also hanged in prison on the same day as his close friend Ramprasad Bismil.
In simple words: Ashfaq Ullah Khan, a skilled horse rider and shooter, exemplified Hindu-Muslim unity with Ramprasad Bismil. He stopped an attack on the Arya Samaj Temple and was involved in the Manipuri and Kakori train conspiracies. He was hanged on the same day as Bismil.

Exam Tip: Highlight his role in Hindu-Muslim unity, his specific skills, his involvement in major conspiracies, and his ultimate fate linked with Ramprasad Bismil.

Question 5. Madam Cama:
Answer: Madam Cama was born on September 24, 1861, in Mumbai. She resided in London from 1902 to 1907. She was a colleague of Shyamji Krushna Verma in 1905 in founding the 'Indian Home Rule Society'. In 1907, Madam Cama was present at the 2nd International Socialist Conference held at Stuttgart in Germany, where she unfurled the Indian Tricolour with the slogan 'Vande Mataram'.
In simple words: Madam Cama, born in Mumbai in 1861, lived in London from 1902-1907 and helped found the 'Indian Home Rule Society' with Shyamji Krushna Verma. In 1907, she notably unfurled the Indian Tricolour in Stuttgart, Germany, with the slogan 'Vande Mataram'.

Exam Tip: For Madam Cama, emphasize her birth details, association with Shyamji Krushna Verma and the Indian Home Rule Society, and her landmark act of unfurling the Indian Tricolour in Germany.

Match the pairs correctly:

Answer:
(1-e),
(2-g),
(3-a),
(4-f),
(5-b),
(6-c).

Exam Tip: For matching questions, it's helpful to first mentally connect each birthdate with the corresponding revolutionary before checking the options. Double-check each pair carefully.

Answer the following questions in one or two sentences:

Question 1. Where did Vasudev Fadke work? Why did he leave the job?
Answer: Vasudev Fadke worked in Pune. He decided to leave his job because the unfair and practical attitude of the British Government annoyed him very much.
In simple words: Vasudev Fadke worked in Pune but quit because the British Government's unjust methods truly bothered him.

Exam Tip: When asked about a person's actions, always state the 'what' and 'why' clearly as two distinct parts of your answer.

Question 2. Which secret group had Vasudev Fadke formed?
Answer: Vasudev Fadke created a secret group of armed revolutionaries named 'Ramoshi' to fight against the British.
In simple words: Vasudev Fadke formed a hidden group called 'Ramoshi' with armed fighters to challenge the British.

Exam Tip: Remember the name 'Ramoshi' as the specific group formed by Vasudev Fadke for revolutionary purposes.

Question 3. Which revolutionary activities did Vasudev Fadke carry out?
Answer: He taught young men to attack British army camps, rob government treasuries, and use firearms and other weapons. The British Government was determined to capture him at all costs.
In simple words: He taught men to attack British camps, steal from government treasuries, and use weapons, making the British very eager to catch him.

Exam Tip: When describing revolutionary activities, include specific actions like attacking camps, robbing treasuries, and training with weapons.

Question 4. When and where was Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar born?
Answer: Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar (Vir Sawarkar) was born on 28th May 1883, in Bhagur village of Nashik district in Maharashtra.
In simple words: Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar was born in Bhagur village, Nashik, Maharashtra, on May 28, 1883.

Exam Tip: Always include the full date, village, district, and state when answering questions about birth details of historical figures.

Question 5. Why did the British government send Vir Sawarkar to the Andaman jail? OR Give reason: The British government sent Vir Sawarkar to the Andaman jail.
Answer: He was arrested in 1910 for his connection with the revolutionary group 'India House'. Sawarkar received two life sentences (50 years) and was sent to the Cellular Jail on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, which was also known as 'Kalapani'.
In simple words: Vir Sawarkar was sent to Andaman jail, or 'Kalapani', because he was linked to the 'India House' group and got two life terms in 1910.

Exam Tip: Emphasize the connection to 'India House', the two life terms, and the term 'Kalapani' when explaining Vir Sawarkar's imprisonment.

Question 6. When and where was Khudiram Bose born?
Answer: Khudiram Bose was born on 3rd December 1889, in Habibpur village of Midnapur district in Bengal.
In simple words: Khudiram Bose was born on December 3, 1889, in Habibpur village, Midnapur, Bengal.

Exam Tip: State the exact date and location (village, district, state) for birth details of significant personalities.

Question 7. Who taught Khudiram Bose to walk on the path of revolution?
Answer: He was guided by a teacher named Satyen Babu, who encouraged him to follow the revolutionary path.
In simple words: Teacher Satyen Babu taught and inspired Khudiram Bose to become a revolutionary.

Exam Tip: Identify the specific individual who influenced a historical figure when asked about their mentors or inspirations.

Question 8. How would Khudiram Bose break the unjust salt law?
Answer: Khudiram Bose would dive into the Ganga River and overturn boats carrying salt. This was his way of breaking the unfair salt laws.
In simple words: Khudiram Bose broke the unfair salt laws by diving into the Ganga River and tipping over salt-carrying boats.

Exam Tip: Describe the method used to break the law and clearly state the specific law being challenged.

Question 9. When and where was Ramprasad Bismil born?
Answer: Ramprasad Bismil was born in 1897 C.E. at Shahjahanpur in Uttar Pradesh.
In simple words: Ramprasad Bismil was born in Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh, in 1897.

Exam Tip: Provide the birth year and specific location when answering questions about a revolutionary's origin.

Question 10. Which revolutionary set an example of Hindu- Muslim unity?
Answer: A revolutionary named Ashfaq Ullah Khan showed an excellent example of Hindu-Muslim unity.
In simple words: Ashfaq Ullah Khan was a revolutionary who truly showed Hindu-Muslim unity.

Exam Tip: Always state the name of the individual clearly when the question asks "Which revolutionary...".

Question 11. What was Chandra Shekhar's original name?
Answer: Chandra Shekhar Azad's real name was Chandra Shekhar Sitaram Tiwari.
In simple words: Chandra Shekhar Azad's birth name was Chandra Shekhar Sitaram Tiwari.

Exam Tip: When asked for an original name, provide the full birth name clearly.

Question 12. When and where was Chandra Shekhar born?
Answer: Chandra Shekhar was born on 23rd July 1906, in Bhavra village of Alirapur district in Madhya Pradesh.
In simple words: Chandra Shekhar was born on July 23, 1906, in Bhavra village, Alirapur district, Madhya Pradesh.

Exam Tip: Include the precise date and location (village, district, state) when giving birth information.

Question 13. What vow had Chandra Shekhar Azad taken?
Answer: Chandra Shekhar had taken a solemn promise not to be caught alive by the British government.
In simple words: Chandra Shekhar vowed to never be captured alive by the British government.

Exam Tip: Focus on the specific commitment or oath mentioned in the context of the revolutionary's life.

Question 14. How did Chandra Shekhar Azad become a martyr?
Answer: On 27th February 1931, while Azad was sitting in Alfred Park at Allahabad, he was suddenly surrounded by British police. He bravely fought the police team by himself. Eventually, when he could not escape from the park, he shot himself with his own pistol and became a martyr.
In simple words: Chandra Shekhar Azad became a martyr in Alfred Park on February 27, 1931. Surrounded by British police, he fought alone, and rather than be captured, he shot himself.

Exam Tip: Detail the circumstances of his death, including the date, location, opposition, and his final act.

Question 15. When and where was Vir Bhagat Singh born?
Answer: Vir Bhagat Singh was born on 28th September 1907, in Banga village of Lyallpur district in Punjab.
In simple words: Vir Bhagat Singh was born on September 28, 1907, in Banga village, Lyallpur district, Punjab.

Exam Tip: Be accurate with the date, village, district, and province when stating birth details.

Question 16. How did Vir Bhagat Singh's revolutionary thoughts get support?
Answer: While studying at Lahore National College, he came into contact with Sukhdev, Bhagwat Charan, and Yashpal. When he met these individuals who shared revolutionary views, Bhagat Singh's own revolutionary ideas received a lot of encouragement.
In simple words: Bhagat Singh's revolutionary ideas got support when he met Sukhdev, Bhagwat Charan, and Yashpal at Lahore National College, as they shared similar views.

Exam Tip: Explain the role of key contacts and shared ideologies in fostering support for a revolutionary's thoughts.

Question 17. Which three revolutionaries and fast friends were hanged on the same day?
Answer: These three revolutionaries and close friends who were hanged on the same day (23rd March 1931) are: Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru.
In simple words: Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru, who were close friends, were hanged together on March 23, 1931.

Exam Tip: List the names of all three individuals and the exact date of their execution.

Question 18. Who was the pioneer of revolutionary activities for India abroad?
Answer: Shyamji Krushna Verma, who was born in Mandvi village of Kutch district in Gujarat, was the originator of revolutionary activities for India overseas.
In simple words: Shyamji Krushna Verma, from Mandvi, Gujarat, was the first to start revolutionary work for India outside the country.

Exam Tip: Identify Shyamji Krushna Verma as the key figure for revolutionary activities conducted from outside India.

Question 19. Which revolutionaries helped Shyamji Krushna Verma to carry out revolutionary activities?
Answer: Shyamji Krushna received assistance from leaders such as Vinayak Sawarkar, Lala Hardayal, Madanlal Dhingra, Sardar Singh Rana, and Madam Cama to perform revolutionary actions.
In simple words: Vinayak Sawarkar, Lala Hardayal, Madanlal Dhingra, Sardar Singh Rana, and Madam Cama helped Shyamji Krushna Verma with his revolutionary work.

Exam Tip: List all the mentioned associates who contributed to Shyamji Krushna Verma's revolutionary efforts.

Question 20. Why was Madanlal Dhingra hanged ? OR Give reason: Madanlal Dhingra was hanged.
Answer: In 1909, Madanlal Dhingra fatally shot William Wylie near Trafalgar Square in London. He was executed for this crime.
In simple words: Madanlal Dhingra was hanged because he shot and killed William Wylie in London in 1909.

Exam Tip: State the specific action (shooting William Wylie) and the year it occurred as the reason for his hanging.

Question 21. When and where was Madam Cama born?
Answer: Madam Cama was born on 24th September 1861, in Mumbai.
In simple words: Madam Cama was born in Mumbai on September 24, 1861.

Exam Tip: Provide the exact date and city of birth for historical figures.

Question 22. Who unfurled the Indian Tricolour at a conference at Stuttgart in Germany? When?
Answer: In 1907, Madam Cama was present at the 2nd International Socialist Conference held at Stuttgart in Germany, where she unfurled the Indian Tricolour with the slogan 'Vande Mataram'.
In simple words: Madam Cama unfurled the Indian Tricolour in 1907 at the 2nd International Socialist Conference in Stuttgart, Germany, with the slogan 'Vande Mataram'.

Exam Tip: Mention Madam Cama, the year (1907), the location (Stuttgart, Germany), and the slogan 'Vande Mataram'.

Write a short note on the following: OR Give a brief introduction of:

Question 1. Vasudev Balwant Fadke :
Answer: Vasudev Balwant Fadke was a pioneer of revolutionary movements in India. He worked in Pune but he left his job because the unfair and partial methods of the British Government annoyed him very much. He took a vow of not applying 'tilak' on his forehead and not cutting his hair until he had freed India from the grip of the British. Vasudev Fadke formed a secret group of armed revolutionaries called 'Ramoshi' to fight against the British. He trained young men to attack British camps and rob government treasuries and use guns and other weapons. The British Government was determined to capture him at all costs.
In simple words: Vasudev Balwant Fadke pioneered Indian revolutionary movements. He quit his Pune job due to British injustice, vowing not to apply tilak or cut his hair until India was free. He formed the 'Ramoshi' group, trained young men to attack British targets, and was fiercely pursued by the British government.

Exam Tip: In a short note, ensure you cover his key role (pioneer), his motivation (British injustice), his personal vows, the group he formed ('Ramoshi'), and the type of activities he undertook (training, attacks, robberies).

Question 2. Khudiram Bose :
Answer: Khudiram Bose was born on 3rd December 1889, in Habibpur village of Midnapur district in Bengal. He was guided by a teacher named Satyen Babu, who encouraged him to become a revolutionary. He used to dive into the Ganga River and overturn boats carrying salt; this was his way of breaking the unfair salt laws. On 30th April 1908, Khudiram Bose and Praful Chaki threw a bomb at Judge Kingsford's horse carriage in an attempt to kill him. However, the judge survived the attack, but his wife and Lawyer Kennedy's daughter died in the incident. Khudiram Bose was arrested and hanged for this crime. Praful Chaki shot himself before the British could capture him.
In simple words: Khudiram Bose, born in Habibpur, Bengal, was inspired by Satyen Babu to become a revolutionary. He broke salt laws by overturning salt boats. In April 1908, he and Praful Chaki bombed Judge Kingsford, accidentally killing others. Khudiram Bose was hanged for this act, while Praful Chaki committed suicide to avoid capture.

Exam Tip: For a short note on Khudiram Bose, include his birth details, his mentor, his methods of protest (salt laws), the specific bombing incident (date, target, outcome), and his ultimate fate.

Question 3. Ramprasad Bismil:
Answer: Ramprasad Bismil was born in Shahjahanpur in the United Province (Uttar Pradesh) in 1897 C.E. He was the mastermind behind the Kakori Train Conspiracy, in which revolutionaries planned to rob a train carrying treasure. He received a death sentence for this crime. 'Bismil' was his pen name. He translated English and Bengali books. His poems encouraged patriotic zeal among Indians.
In simple words: Ramprasad Bismil, born in Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh, in 1897, masterminded the Kakori Train Conspiracy to rob a treasure train, for which he was sentenced to death. Using 'Bismil' as his pen name, he translated books and wrote patriotic poems that inspired many Indians.

Exam Tip: A good short note on Ramprasad Bismil should cover his birth, his central role in the Kakori Train Conspiracy, his pen name, and his literary contributions to nationalism.

Question 4. Ashfaq Ullah Khan :
Answer: Ashfaq Ullah Khan and Ramprasad Bismil set an excellent example of Hindu-Muslim unity. Ashfaq Ullah Khan was an expert horse rider and marksman. He stopped an attack on the Arya Samaj Temple in Shahjahanpur. He was involved in the Manipuri Train Conspiracy as well as the Kakori Train Conspiracy. He too was hanged in prison on the same day as his close friend Ramprasad Bismil.
In simple words: Ashfaq Ullah Khan and Ramprasad Bismil were symbols of Hindu-Muslim unity. Ashfaq Ullah Khan was skilled in horse riding and shooting. He prevented an attack on the Arya Samaj Temple and was involved in both the Manipuri and Kakori Train Conspiracies. He was hanged on the same day as his friend Ramprasad Bismil.

Exam Tip: For Ashfaq Ullah Khan, highlight his symbol of Hindu-Muslim unity, his skills (horse riding, shooting), his protective actions (Arya Samaj Temple), and his involvement in key conspiracies leading to his execution alongside Bismil.

Question 5. Madam Cama:
Answer: Madam Cama was born on 24th September 1861, in Mumbai. She resided in London from 1902 to 1907. She was a partner of Shyamji Krushna Verma in 1905 in establishing the 'Indian Home Rule Society'. In 1907, Madam Cama attended the 2nd International Socialist Conference held at Stuttgart in Germany, where she proudly unfurled the Indian Tricolour with the motto 'Vande Mataram'.
In simple words: Madam Cama, born in Mumbai in 1861, lived in London from 1902-1907. She helped Shyamji Krushna Verma establish the 'Indian Home Rule Society' in 1905. In 1907, she famously unfurled the Indian Tricolour flag at a conference in Stuttgart, Germany, using the slogan 'Vande Mataram'.

Exam Tip: When writing about Madam Cama, include her birth details, her association with Shyamji Krushna Verma and the 'Indian Home Rule Society', and her iconic act of unfurling the Indian Tricolour in Germany with the 'Vande Mataram' slogan.

Match the pairs correctly:

Answer:
(1-e),
(2-g),
(3-a),
(4-f),
(5-b),
(6-c).
In simple words: Match each birthdate from Section A to the correct revolutionary in Section B.

Exam Tip: To score full marks in matching, review the birthdates and associated figures carefully, ensuring each pair is accurate.