GSEB Class 8 Sanskrit Solutions Chapter 1 पुत्री मम खलु निद्राति।

1. Pronounce the following words correctly. નીચેના શબ્દોનું મોટેથી ઉચ્ચારણ કરો :
निद्राति, श्रान्ता, क्लान्ता, स्निग्धा, मुग्धा, उच्चैः, मृदुला, स्पृश, शोभनगात्री।

Exam Tip: Practice pronunciation regularly by speaking words aloud to improve your fluency and accuracy in Sanskrit.

2. Answer the following questions : નીચેના પ્રશ્નોના જવાબ આપો :

Question 1. पुत्री किं करोति?
Answer: पुत्री निद्राति। The daughter is gently sleeping. પુત્રી શાંતિથી સૂતી છે.
In simple words: The daughter is sleeping peacefully.

Exam Tip: Ensure you understand the basic actions described in the poem, such as sleeping, making noise, or speaking.

Question 2. कर्कशः कण्ठः कस्य अस्ति?
Answer: वायसस्य (काकस्य) कण्ठः कर्कशः अस्ति। The crow's voice is harsh. કાગડાનો અવાજ કર્કશ (કઠોર) છે.
In simple words: The crow has a very harsh voice.

Exam Tip: Remember the Sanskrit names for common animals mentioned in the text and their specific characteristics, like the crow's harsh voice.

Question 3. बिडालः किं करोति?
Answer: बिडालः म्याँक् म्याँव् इति घोरविरावम् करोति। The cat creates a loud (harsh) mewing sound. બિલાડો મ્યાઉં મ્યાઉં જેવો ભયાનક અવાજ કરે છે.
In simple words: The cat makes a very loud and harsh 'mew mew' sound.

Exam Tip: Be able to identify the sounds made by different animals in Sanskrit, as presented in the chapter.

Question 4. भौ भौ कः वदति ?
Answer: वराकः शुनकः (कुक्कुरः) भौ भौ करोति । The naughty dog barks 'bow-wow'. અભાગિયો કૂતરો ભો ભો કરે છે.
In simple words: The mischievous dog barks loudly, making 'bow-wow' sounds.

Exam Tip: Pay attention to descriptive adjectives used for animals, such as 'varak' (naughty/wicked) for the dog.

Question 5. माता मशकाय किं कथयति?
Answer: माता मशकाय कथयति – “रे रे मशक! मा गानं कुरु, हे रक्तपिपासो, त्वम् मा स्पृश मा दश।” The mother tells the mosquito, “O Mosquito! Do not buzz or sing a song. O you bloodthirsty creature! Do not touch or sting me." માતા મચ્છરને કહે છે – “અરે ઓ મચ્છર ! ('ગણગણ’નું) ગીત ગા મા; હે લોહીતરસ્યા ! તું સ્પર્શ ના કર, ડંખ પણ ન દે."
In simple words: The mother asks the mosquito not to buzz, touch, or sting because it is a bloodthirsty insect.

Exam Tip: When quoting direct speech, ensure accurate reproduction of the original words in Sanskrit and translate them correctly if asked.

3. Match the following appropriately : યોગ્ય જોડકાં જોડોઃ

Question 3. Match the following appropriately :
अ - ब
(1) वायसः [ ] (1) निद्राति
(2) बिडाल: [ ] (2) कर्कशकण्ठः
(3) शुनकवराकः [ ] (3) म्याँव् म्याँ
(4) पुत्री [ ] (4) भौ भौ
Answer:
(1) वायसः - कर्कशकण्ठः
(2) बिडालः - म्याँव् म्याँव
(3) शुनकवराकः - भौ भौ
(4) पुत्री - निद्राति
In simple words: This question requires connecting each Sanskrit term from the first column with its correct description or action from the second column.

Exam Tip: Practice vocabulary by linking words to their meanings or characteristics to master matching type questions effectively.

4. Rewrite the following lines of the poem in good hand writing : નીચેની કાવ્યપંક્તિઓ સારા અક્ષરે લખો :
(1) सुन्दरशयने सुखमयवसने।
(2) उच्चैर्मा भष शुनकवराक।
(3) मा स्पृश मा दश रक्तपिपासो।
(4) सुदती सुमुखी शोभनगात्री।

Exam Tip: Pay attention to the correct spelling and calligraphy of Sanskrit verses to improve your handwriting and retention.

Activity:

• Make a list of the different animals and birds and their sounds with the help of your teacher.
  જુદાં-જુદાં પક્ષીઓ તથા પ્રાણીઓનાં સંસ્કૃત નામ તથા તેમના અવાજોની યાદી બનાવો. તમારા શિક્ષકની મદદ લો.
• Collect the local lullabies and hold a competition of singing them.
  સ્થાનિક કક્ષાએ ગવાતાં હાલરડાં એકત્રિત કરો અને તેના ગાનની સ્પર્ધા યોજો.
• Get the songs like 'Hato Hu suto parne, Khamma Virane jaun Varne' (a Gujarati song) and sing them.
  ‘હતો હું સૂતો પારણે..…' ‘ખમ્મા વીરાને જવું વારણે" જેવાં ગીતો મેળવો, ગાન કરો.

Exam Tip: Engaging in practical activities like vocabulary lists and cultural projects helps reinforce learning and understanding of the subject.

ज्ञातव्यम् - Destination

• गोपतिः - bull
• कुक्कुटः - cock
• कौशिकः - owl
• गृध्रः - eagle
• टिट्टिभः - lapwing
• तित्तिरः - partridge (a kind of bird)
• सारिका - Indian jay
• चक्रवाकः - Greek partridge (a kind of bird)
• गण्डकः - rhino
• चित्रकायः - leopard
• महिषः - he buffalo
• मेषः - sheep
• वराह : pig
• वृक: - wolf
• हरिणः deer
• बकः - crane
• श्येनः - hawk
• भल्लूकः - bear

Exam Tip: Memorizing Sanskrit vocabulary for animals and their English equivalents is crucial for comprehension and translation exercises.

Sanskrit Digest Std 8 GSEB पुत्री मम खलु निद्राति। Additional Questions and Answers

1. Answer the following questions in Sanskrit and English:

Question 1. पुत्र्याः शयनं कीदृशम् अस्ति?
Answer: पुत्र्याः शयनं सुन्दरम् अस्ति। The daughter's bed looks lovely.
In simple words: The daughter's bed is quite beautiful.

Exam Tip: When describing items, use appropriate Sanskrit adjectives and ensure your English translation reflects the correct meaning.

Question 2. पुत्र्याः वसनं कीदृशम् अस्ति?
Answer: पुत्र्याः वसनं (वस्त्रं) सुखमयम् अस्ति। The daughter's clothes feel light and comfy.
In simple words: The daughter wears light and comfortable clothes.

Exam Tip: Pay attention to synonyms provided in parentheses, like '(वस्त्रं)' for 'वसनं', to expand your vocabulary.

Question 3. वायसः कीदृशं रटति?
Answer: वायसः कर्णकठोरं रटति। The crow creates a harsh sound, which is unpleasing to listen to.
In simple words: The crow makes a loud, grating noise that sounds bad.

Exam Tip: Remember to link the animal (वायसः) with its characteristic sound (कर्णकठोरं रटति) for clear answers.

Question 4. म्याँव् म्याँक् कः करोति?
Answer: बिडालः म्यांव् म्याँव् करोति। The cat produces the 'mew mew' sound.
In simple words: The cat is the one that makes the 'mew mew' sound.

Exam Tip: Identify which animal is associated with each distinct sound mentioned in the poem.

Question 5. रक्तपिपासu् कः वर्तते?
Answer: रक्तपिपासुः मशकः वर्तते। The mosquito desires blood.
In simple words: The mosquito is known as the bloodthirsty creature.

Exam Tip: Learn descriptive adjectives and nouns in Sanskrit that refer to characteristics of living beings.

Question 6. मशकः किं करोति?
Answer: मशकः गानं करोति, स्पृशति दशति च। A mosquito buzzes a song, touches, and bites.
In simple words: The mosquito buzzes, touches, and stings.

Exam Tip: Summarize the actions of creatures using Sanskrit verbs correctly to describe their behaviour.

Question 7. कीदृशी पुत्री निद्राति?
Answer:
(1) श्रान्ता, क्लान्ता, पुनः अनुनीता पुत्री निद्राति। The tired, exhausted, and again adored daughter is sleeping.
(2) स्निग्धा, मुग्धा, सेवितदुग्धा पुत्री निद्राति। The gentle, innocent daughter who has already consumed milk is sleeping.
(3) विमला, कुशला, सुमनोमृदुला पुत्री निद्राति। The clean, skilled, and flower-soft daughter is sleeping.
(4) सुदती, सुमुखी, शोभनगात्री पुत्री निद्राति। The daughter with beautiful teeth, a lovely face, and charming limbs is sleeping.
In simple words: The poem describes the sleeping daughter in various ways, highlighting her tired, gentle, innocent, clean, delicate, beautiful, and charming qualities.

Exam Tip: When multiple descriptions or interpretations are given, include all of them to provide a complete answer and demonstrate full understanding.

2. Find and write the Sanskrit words for the English ones :

Question 2. Find and write the Sanskrit words for the English ones :
1. in a beautiful bed
2. in comfortable clothes
3. truly
4. loud noise
5. gentle
6. innocent
7. one who has drunk milk
8. one with a harsh voice
9. withered
10. loved, beloved
11. cruel, wicked
12. soft as a flower
13. mosquito
14. blood thirsty
15. one with beautiful limbs
Answer:
1. in a beautiful bed - सुन्दरशयने
2. in comfortable clothes - सुखमयवसने
3. truly - खलु
4. loud noise - घोरविरावः
5. gentle - स्निगधा
6. innocent - मुग्धा
7. one who has drunk milk - सेवितदूगधा
8. one with a harsh voice - कर्कशकण्ठः
9. withered - क्लान्ता
10. loved, beloved - अनुनीता
11. cruel, wicked - वराकः
12. delicate as a flower - सुमनोमृदुला
13. mosquito - मशकः
14. blood thirsty - रक्तपिपासः
15. one with beautiful limbs - सुगात्री, शोभनगात्री
In simple words: This exercise helps in expanding your Sanskrit vocabulary by connecting English meanings to their correct Sanskrit terms, which is important for understanding the poem.

Exam Tip: Maintain a vocabulary notebook to regularly review and memorize Sanskrit words and their English equivalents for better recall during exams.

3. Use the following words to make sentences :

Question 3. Use the following words to make sentences :
1. निद्राति
2. हे काक
3. चोरबिडालः
4. उच्चैः
5. मृदुला
6. मा स्पृश
7. मा दश
Answer:
1. मम पुत्री सुखं निद्राति।
2. हे काक, का का मा कुरु।
3. चोरबिडालः रात्रौ महारवं करोति।
4. अस्मिन् शान्तसमये उच्चैः मा वद।
5. मम मृदुला दुहिता (daughter) स्वपिति।
6. रे मशक, मम पुत्रीं मा स्पृश।
7. रे मशक, त्वम् मम पुत्री मा दश।
In simple words: This task requires creating grammatically correct sentences in Sanskrit using each of the provided words, showing your ability to use them in context.

Exam Tip: When forming sentences, ensure that the verb agrees with the subject and that case endings are used correctly for nouns and pronouns.

4. Choose the correct option for the answer of the questions given below :

Question 1. का निद्राति?
(a) माता
(b) दुहिता
(c) स्वसा
(d) पितामही
Answer: (b) दुहिता
In simple words: The poem clearly states that the daughter, 'duhita', is the one sleeping.

Exam Tip: For MCQs, identify keywords in the question and recall specific details from the text to select the correct option.

Question 2. कीदृशी पुत्री निद्राति?
(a) रमणीया
(b) वत्सला
(c) पुनरनुनीता
(d) स्पृशा
Answer: (c) पुनरनुनीता
In simple words: The daughter is described as 'punaranunita', meaning she is loved and coaxed back to sleep.

Exam Tip: Remember the various adjectives used to describe the daughter in the poem, as they often appear in descriptive questions.

Question 3. घोरविरावं कः करोति?
(a) वायसः
(b) शुनकवराक:
(c) मशकः
(d) बिडालः
Answer: (d) बिडालः
In simple words: The 'ghoraviravam' or harsh noise is made by the cat, 'bidalah', as mentioned in the poem.

Exam Tip: Associate each animal with its unique sound to correctly answer questions about who makes which noise.

Question 4. 'स्निग्धा मुग्धा सेवितदुग्धा पुत्री मम खलु निद्राति।' इति कः वदति?
(a) जननी
(b) तात:
(c) मातुलानी
(d) मातामही
Answer: (a) जननी
In simple words: These loving words describing the daughter are spoken by the mother, 'janani', in the lullaby.

Exam Tip: Identify the speaker of key lines or verses in the poem to answer questions about attribution correctly.

Question 5. 'शुनकवराकः' इति शब्दस्य कः अर्थः अस्ति?
(a) Loud voice
(b) Crow
(c) Mosquito
(d) Wicked dog
Answer: (d) Wicked dog
In simple words: The term 'shunakavarakah' refers to a wicked or mischievous dog in Sanskrit.

Exam Tip: Understand the meaning of compound Sanskrit words by breaking them down into their root words and suffixes.

Question 6. पुत्री ........................ खलु निद्राति।
(a) त्वम्
(b) मम
(c) आवाम्
(d) अहम्
Answer: (b) मम
In simple words: The correct word to fill the blank is 'mama', meaning 'my', to form the phrase 'my daughter is sleeping'.

Exam Tip: Familiarize yourself with common pronouns and their usage in Sanskrit sentences, especially in fill-in-the-blanks questions.

Question 7. 'बिडालः' इति शब्दस्य पर्यायशब्दः कः अस्ति?
(a) शुनक:
(b) गजः
(c) मार्जारः
(d) वायसः
Answer: (c) मार्जारः
In simple words: The synonym for 'bidalah' (cat) is 'marjarah' in Sanskrit.

Exam Tip: Build a strong vocabulary of Sanskrit synonyms and antonyms, which are frequently tested in objective questions.

Question 8. 'उच्चैर्मा भष' एतस्य सन्धिविच्छेदः कः अस्ति?
(a) उच्चैः + मा + भष
(b) उच्चै + मा + भषः
(c) उचै + मा + भषः
(d) उच्चै + माः + भष
Answer: (a) उच्चैः + मा + भष
In simple words: The correct sandhivicched (splitting) of 'uchchairma bhasha' into its component words is 'uchchaih + ma + bhasha'.

Exam Tip: Master the rules of Sandhi in Sanskrit, as questions on joining and splitting words are common and require precise knowledge.

Question 9. 'सुदती' इति शब्दस्य कः अर्थः अस्ति?
(a) With beautiful face
(b) With beautiful body
(c) With beautiful eyes
(d) With beautiful teeth
Answer: (d) With beautiful teeth
In simple words: The word 'sudati' describes someone having beautiful teeth.

Exam Tip: Focus on adjectives used in the poem and their specific meanings to differentiate between similar-sounding options in vocabulary questions.

Question 10. 'वायसः' इति शब्दस्य कः अर्थः अस्ति?
(a) Dog
(b) Mosquito
(c) Male cat
(d) Crow
Answer: (d) Crow
In simple words: The Sanskrit term 'vayasa' directly translates to 'crow' in English.

Exam Tip: Knowing the names of animals in Sanskrit is fundamental for understanding stories and poems that feature them.

Question 11. 'शुनकः' इति शब्दस्य पर्यायशब्दः कः अस्ति?
(a) काकः
(b) कुक्कुरः
(c) मयूरः
(d) वायसः
Answer: (b) कुक्कुरः
In simple words: The word 'shunakah' (dog) has 'kukkurah' as its synonym in Sanskrit.

Exam Tip: Expand your Sanskrit vocabulary by actively learning synonyms for common nouns and adjectives from your textbook.

Question 12. कर्णकठोरं कः रटति?
(a) शुनक:
(b) बिडाल
(c) काकः
(d) मशक:
Answer: (c) काकः
In simple words: The 'karnakathoram' (ear-splitting) sound is made by the crow, 'kakaha'.

Exam Tip: Connect the sound descriptions with the animals in the poem to ensure correct identification in multiple-choice questions.

5. Fill in the blanks by selecting proper words from the brackets :

Question 5. Fill in the blanks by selecting proper words from the brackets :
1. ........................ पुत्री मम खलु निद्राति। (सुखमयस्वप्ने, सुखमयवसने)
2. रे रे ........................ त्वं कर्कशकण्ठः असि। (वायस, बिडालः)
3. हे बिडाल ........................ मा कुरु। (भौ भौ, म्याँक् म्याँव)
4. रे रे मशक त्वं ........................ मा कुरु। (गानं, वार्तालापं)
5. हे ........................ मा स्पृश मा दश। (रक्तपिपासो, पयपिपासो)
6. सुदती, सुमुखी, ........................ पुत्री मम खलु निद्राति। (शोभनगात्री, सुन्दरगात्री)
Answer:
1. सुखमयवसने पुत्री मम खलु निद्राति।
2. रे रे वायस त्वं कर्कशकण्ठः असि।
3. हे बिडाल म्याँव् म्याँव् मा कुरु।
4. रे रे मशक त्वं गानं मा कुरु।
5. हे रक्तपिपासो मा स्पृश मा दश।
6. सुदती, सुमुखी, शोभनगात्री पुत्री मम खलु निद्राति।
In simple words: This exercise tests your ability to choose the correct Sanskrit word from given options to complete sentences accurately, demonstrating comprehension of vocabulary and context.

Exam Tip: Read the full sentence carefully to understand its meaning before selecting the most appropriate word from the provided options.

6. Put a [✓] against the true statement and a [ X ] against the false statement given below :

Question 6. Put a [✓] against the true statement and a [ X ] against the false statement given below :
1. मम पुत्री खलु निद्राति।
2. वायसः कर्णप्रियं रटनं करोति।
3. मम पुत्री श्रान्ता क्लान्ता च वर्तते।
4. बिडालः खलः चोरः च अस्ति।
5. मातुः पुत्री स्निग्धा मुग्धा च वर्तते।
6. कुक्कुरः मिथ्या उच्चैः भवति।
7. मशकः रक्तपिपासुः वर्तते。
Answer:
1. मम पुत्री खलु निद्राति। [ ✓ ]
2. वायसः कर्णप्रियं रटनं करोति। [ X ]
3. मम पुत्री श्रान्ता क्लान्ता च वर्तते। [ ✓ ]
4. बिडालः खलः चोरः च अस्ति। [ ✓ ]
5. मातुः पुत्री स्निग्धा मुग्धा च वर्तते। [ ✓ ]
6. कुक्कुरः मिथ्या उच्चैः भवति। [ X ]
7. मशकः रक्तपिपासुः वर्तते। [ ✓ ]
In simple words: This activity checks your understanding of the poem's details by asking you to determine the truthfulness of various statements.

Exam Tip: Carefully read each statement and refer back to the text to confirm its accuracy before marking it true or false.

7. Write synonyms of following Sanskrit words :

Question 7. Write synonyms of following Sanskrit words :
1. वायसः
2. खलु
3. दुग्धम्
4. बिडालः
5. शुनकः
6. कण्ठः
7. सुन्दरम्
8. खलः
Answer:
1. वायसः = काकः, ध्वाङ्खः
2. खलु = हि, ननु
3. दुग्धम् = पयः
4. बिडालः = मार्जारः
5. शुनकः = श्वानः, कुक्कुरः
6. कण्ठः = ग्रीवा
7. सुन्दरम् = रमणीयम्, शोभनम्
8. खलः = दुर्जनः
In simple words: This section helps you enrich your Sanskrit vocabulary by matching given words with their appropriate synonyms.

Exam Tip: To score well on synonyms, memorize pairs of words that have similar meanings and practice using them in sentences.

8. Write opposites of following Sanskrit words :

Question 8. Write opposites of following Sanskrit words :
1. सुन्दरम्
2. उच्चैः
3. खलः
4. कठोरम्
5. निद्राति
6. सुखमय
Answer:
1. सुन्दरम् x कुरूपम्
2. उच्चैः x नीचैः
3. खलः x साधुः
4. कठोरम् x स्निग्धम्
5. निद्राति x जागर्ति
6. सुखमय x दुःखमय
In simple words: This exercise builds your Sanskrit vocabulary by asking you to provide the antonyms or opposite words for the given terms.

Exam Tip: Practice identifying prefixes and suffixes that often indicate opposite meanings in Sanskrit to help with antonym questions.

9. Recognize the following nouns :

Question 9. Recognize the following nouns :
1. बिडालः
2. पुत्री
3. विमला
4. गानम्
5. मम
Answer:
1. बिडालः - अ - कारान्त Masculine, Nominative singular.
2. पुत्री - ई - कारान्त Feminine, Nominative singular.
3. विमला - अ - कारान्त Neutor, Feminine adjective, Nominative singular.
4. गानम् - अ - कारान्त Neutor, Nominative, Accusative singular.
5. मम - Genetive singular of अस्मद् pronoun.
In simple words: This task involves identifying and categorizing Sanskrit nouns by their gender, ending, and case, which is fundamental for grammar.

Exam Tip: Pay close attention to the gender, stem ending (कारान्त), and case of each noun, as these details are crucial for accurate grammatical analysis in Sanskrit.

10. Join the following words :

Question 10. Join the following words :
1. पुनः + अनुनीता
2. उच्चैः + मा
3. सुमनः + मृदुला
Answer:
1. पुनः + अनुनीता = पुनरनुनीता
2. उच्चैः + मा = उच्चैर्मा
3. सुमनः + मृदुला = सुमनोमृदुला
In simple words: This exercise requires combining the given Sanskrit words using Sandhi rules to form new, unified words.

Exam Tip: Review the different types of Sandhi (e.g., Visarga Sandhi, Vyanjana Sandhi) to correctly combine words and avoid common errors.

11. Translate the following English sentences in Sanskrit :

Question 11. Translate the following English sentences in Sanskrit :
1. My daughter is truly sleeping.
2. O! crow do not make noise repeatedly that is unpleasant to the ear.
3. My gentle, innocent daughter (who) has just drunk milk is truly sleeping.
4. O! you ideal being! do not do bow - WOW.
5. O! thirsty for blood! do not touch.
Answer:
1. मम पुत्री खलु निद्राति।। पुत्री मम खलु निद्राति।
2. रे वायस ! कर्णकठोरं मा रट मा रट।
3. स्निग्धा, मुग्धा, सेवितदुग्धा मम पुत्री खलु निद्राति।
4. हे कार्यविहीन! भौ भौ मा कुरु।
5. हे रक्तपिपासो, (त्वं) मा स्पृश。
In simple words: This exercise strengthens your translation skills by requiring you to convert English sentences into accurate Sanskrit, applying correct grammar and vocabulary.

Exam Tip: Break down each English sentence into subject, verb, and object, then translate each component separately before reassembling them in correct Sanskrit sentence structure.

12. Translate the following verses in English :

Question 12. Translate the following verses in English :
(1) म्याँव् म्याँव् मा कुरु घोरविरावं चल चल रे खल चोर बिडाल। स्निग्धा मुग्धा सेवितदुग्धा पुत्री मम खलु निद्राति।।
(2) रे रे मशक मा कुरु गानं मा स्पृश मा दश रक्तपिपासो! सुदती सुमुखी शोभनगात्री पुत्री मम खलु निद्राति।।
Answer:
(1) Mew mew, do not make a harsh noise, go away, go away, O wicked thief cat! My tender, innocent, milk-fed daughter is truly sleeping.
(2) O, O mosquito, do not sing a song, do not touch, do not bite, O bloodthirsty one! My beautiful-toothed, lovely-faced, charming-limbed daughter is truly sleeping.
In simple words: This task requires translating the Sanskrit verses into English, ensuring that the meaning and tone of the original poem are accurately conveyed.

Exam Tip: For verse translation, pay attention to the emotional context and descriptive adjectives to capture the essence of the poem in English.

13. Complete the following verses :

Question 1. रे वायस ................................. खलु निद्राति।।
Answer: रे रे वायस कर्कशकण्ठ! मा रट मा रट कर्णकठोरम्। श्रान्ता क्लान्ता पुनरनुनीता पुत्री मम खलु निद्राति।।
In simple words: This question tests your memory of the poem by asking you to complete the Sanskrit verse about the crow and the sleeping daughter.

Exam Tip: Memorize key verses and their sequence to confidently complete poem fragments in your exam.

Question 2. रे रे मशक ................................. खलु निद्राति ।।
Answer: रे रे मशक मा कुरु गानं मा स्पृश मा दश रक्तपिपासो! सुदती सुमुखी शोभनगात्री पुत्री मम खलु निद्राति।।
In simple words: This question requires you to recall and complete the Sanskrit verse related to the mosquito and the descriptions of the sleeping daughter.

Exam Tip: Pay attention to the specific descriptive phrases used for the daughter and the mosquito to accurately complete the verses.

पुत्री मम खलु निद्राति। Summary In Hindi

पुत्री मम खलु निद्राति! (My Daughter is Sleeping!)

A mother's concern to make sure her dear daughter's sleep is undisturbed is shown in a lullaby in this chapter. The many adjectives the mother uses highlight her deep affection for her daughter. A key feature of the chapter is how the sounds (noises) made by a crow, a cat, a dog, and a mosquito are presented in Sanskrit.

આ હાલરડામાં દર્શાવ્યું છે કે એક માતા પોતાની પ્રિય દીકરીની ઊંઘમાં ખલેલ ન પહોંચે તેની કેટલી ચિંતિત છે. આ ગીતમાં માતાનો પુત્રી પ્રત્યેનો સ્નેહ, દીકરી માટે વપરાયેલાં વિવિધ વિશેષણો દ્વારા વ્યક્ત થાય છે. કાવ્યમાં કાગડો, બિલાડી, કૂતરું અને મચ્છરના અવાજોની સંસ્કૃતમાં રજૂઆત ખાસ ધ્યાન ખેંચે છે.

पुत्री मम खलु निद्राति। अन्वयः, शब्दार्थाः अनुवादश्च

1. पुत्री मम खलु निद्राति।।

अन्वयः – मम पुत्री खलु निद्राति, मम पुत्री खलु निद्राति। मम पुत्री सुन्दरशयने सुखमयवसने खलु निद्राति।

शब्दार्थाः - मम पुत्री - my daughter. खलु - truly, indeed, really; this term is an indeclinable word (अव्यय). निद्राति - is sleeping, is asleep; निद्रा is a verb (2nd conjugation), present tense, third person singular from the root निद्रा; it acts as the verb for the subject 'पुत्री'. सुन्दरशयने - in a beautiful bed. सुखमयवसने - in comfy clothes, meaning light clothes (worn at night).

शब्दार्थाः: મારી દીકરી, મારી લાડકવાયી. ખલુઃ- ખરેખર, ચોક્કસ; આ અવ્યય છે. નિદ્રાતિઃ- સૂતી છે, ઊંઘી રહી છે; નિદ્રા (૨ પ.) ધાતુનું વર્તમાનકાળ; અન્ય પુરુષ એકવચન; 'પુત્રી' કર્તાનું ક્રિયાપદ. સુંદરશયને– સુંદર પથારીમાં. સુખમયવસને– આરામદાયક વસ્ત્રમાં, હળવાં કપડાંમાં.

अनुवादः: My daughter is sleeping, my daughter is truly sleeping! She is sleeping in a beautiful bed and comfortable clothes.

અનુવાદ: મારી દીકરી ખરેખર સૂતી છે, મારી દીકરી ખરેખર સૂતી છે! સુંદર પથારીમાં, હળવાં કપડાંમાં મારી દીકરી ખરેખર સૂતી છે!

2. रे रे वायस खलु निद्राति ॥

अन्वयः: रे रे कर्कशकण्ठ वायस! कर्णकठोरम् मा रट मा रट। श्रान्ता, क्लान्ता, पुनः अनुनीता मम पुत्री खलु निद्राति।शब्दार्थाः: रे रे कर्कशकण्ठ वायस - O! Crow with the harsh voice! 'कर्कशकण्ठ' is an adjective of the noun 'वायस'. कर्णकठोरम् - that which sounds unpleasant to the ear. मा रट मा रट - do not make noise repeatedly; do not make a harsh noise. श्रान्ता - tired. क्लान्ता - weakened; withered; 'श्रान्ता' and 'क्लान्ता' are adjectives of the noun 'पुत्री'. पुनरनुनीता - पुनः + अनुनीता - one who is loved or coaxed (to sleep) again; an adjective of the noun 'पुत्री'.

શબ્દાર્થાઃ: રે રે કર્કશકંઠ વાયસ - અરે રે કઠોર (કર્કશ) કંઠ (અવાજ)- વાળા કાગડા! 'કર્કશકંઠ' વિશેષ્ય (નામ)નું વિશેષણ 'વાયસ' છે; કર્કશ અવાજ છે જેનો તે કાગડો. કર્ણકઠોરમ્ - કાનને અપ્રિય લાગે એવું કર્કશ. મા રટ મા રટ - વારંવાર અવાજ ન કર, કર્કશ અવાજ ન કર. શ્રાન્તા - થાકેલી. ક્લાન્તા - કૃશ થયેલી, કરમાઈ ગયેલી; 'શ્રાન્તા' અને 'ક્લાન્તા' એ બંને 'પુત્રી' નામનાં વિશેષણો છે. પુનરનુનીતા - પુનઃ + અનુનીતા - ફરીથી લાડ કરાયેલી; 'પુત્રી' નામનું વિશેષણ.

अनुवादः: O! (You) crow with a harsh voice! Do not make noise repeatedly that is unpleasant to the ear. My tired, withered, and loved daughter who was coaxed again and again (to sleep) is truly sleeping!

અનુવાદ: અરે રે કઠોર અવાજવાળા કાગડા! કાનને અપ્રિય લાગે એવું વારંવાર રટ્યા ન કર. થાકેલી, કરમાઈ ગયેલી અને પાછી લાડ કરાયેલી મારી દીકરી ખરેખર સૂતી છે!

3. म्याँव् म्याँव खलु निद्राति।।

अन्वयः: रे खल चोर बिडाल ! चल चल ! म्याँव् म्याँव् इति घोरविरावम् मा कुरु! स्निग्धा, मुग्धा, सेवितदुग्धा मम पुत्री खलु निद्राति।शब्दार्थाः: म्याँव् म्याँव् इति घोरविरावम् - the harsh sound of mewing. मा कुरु - do not do. खल चोर बिडाल ! - cunning thief cat! चल चल - (you) go away! go away! स्निग्धा - smooth, gentle. मुग्धा - innocent. सेवितदुग्धा - the one who has drunk milk. 'स्निग्धा', 'मुग्धा' and 'सेवितदुग्धा' are all adjectives of the noun 'पुत्री'.

શબ્દાર્થાઃ: મ્યાઉં મ્યાઉં ઇતિ ઘોરવિરાવમ્- 'મ્યાઉં મ્યાઉં' એવો ભયંકર (ભયાનક) – (ડર લાગે તેવો) અવાજ. મા કુરુ – ન કર. ખલ ચોર બિડાલ! – લુચ્ચા ચોર બિલાડા! ચલ ચલ – (તું) જતો રહે, જતો રહે. સ્નિગ્ધા-સુંવાળી, કોમળ. મુગ્ધા - ભોળી. સેવિતદુગ્ધા - જેણે દૂધનું સેવન કર્યું છે તેવી. 'સ્નિગ્ધા', 'મુગ્ધા' અને 'સેવિતદુગ્ધા' એ ત્રણેય 'પુત્રી' નામનાં વિશેષણો છે.

अनुवादः: O cunning, thief cat! Do not make the loud (harsh) sound of mew-mew. Go away, go away (from here). My gentle, innocent daughter (who) has just drunk milk is truly sleeping!

અનુવાદ: હે લુચ્ચા ચોર બિલાડા! "મ્યાઉં મ્યાઉં' એવો ભયંકર અવાજ ન કર. (અહીંથી) જતો રહે, જતો રહે. સુંવાળી, ભોળી ને દૂધ પીધેલી મારી દીકરી ખરેખર સૂતી છે!

4. उच्चैर्मा भष खलु निद्राति ।।

अन्वयः: (हे) वराक शुनक ! उच्चैः मा भष। (हे) कार्यविहीन ! भौ भौ मा कुरु। विमला कुशला सुमनोमृदुला मम पुत्री खलु निद्राति।शब्दार्थाः: (हे) वराक शुनक ! - wicked dog! वराक - this adjective is used mostly for pathetic, unlucky. उच्चैः - loudly; this is an indeclinable (adverb). मा भष - do not bark. (हे) कार्यविहीन ! - O (you) idle being! भौ भौ मा कुरु - do not bark. विमला - neat and clean. कुशला - expert. सुमनोमृदुला - delicate as a flower. 'विमला', 'कुशला' and 'सुमनोमृदुला' are adjectives of the noun 'पुत्री'.

શબ્દાર્થાઃ: (હે) વરાક શુનક ! - હે અભાગિયા કૂતરા! વરાક – વિશેષણ મોટે ભાગે દયનીય, કમનસીબ, બિચારું અર્થમાં પણ વપરાય છે. ઉચ્ચૈઃ – મોટેથી; આ અવ્યય છે. મા ભષ - ભસ નહિ. (હે) કાર્યવિહીન ! - હે કામકાજ વિનાના; 'શુનકવરાક' નામનું વિશેષણ. ભૌ ભૌ મા કુરુ - ભો ભો ના કર. વિમલા - નિર્મળ, સ્વચ્છ. કુશલા - કુશળ. સુમનોમૃદુલા - ફૂલ જેવી કોમળ. 'વિમલા', 'કુશલા' અને 'સુમનોમૃદુલા' એ ત્રણેય 'પુત્રી' નામનાં વિશેષણો છે.

अनुवादः: O wicked dog! Do not bark loudly. O! You idle being! Do not do bow – wow! My daughter who is clean, expert, and delicate as a flower is truly sleeping!

અનુવાદ: હે અભાગિયા કૂતરા! મોટેથી ન ભસ. હે કામકાજ વિનાના! ભો ભો ના કર. નિર્મળ, કુશળ અને ફૂલ જેવી કોમળ મારી દીકરી ખરેખર સૂતી છે!

5. रे रे मशक खलु निद्राति ।।

अन्वयः: रे रे मशक! गानम् मा कुरु। (हे) रक्तपिपासो, (त्वम्) मा स्पृश मा दश। सुदती सुमुखी शोभनगात्री मम पुत्री खलु निद्राति।शब्दार्थाः: रे रे मशक ! - O! (You) mosquito! गानम् मा कुरु - do not sing with a buzzing sound. रक्तपिपासो (त्वम्) - O (you) thirsty for blood! मा स्पृश - do not touch. मा दश - do not sting (bite). सुदती - one with beautiful teeth. सुमुखी - one with a lovely face. शोभनगात्री - one with lovely limbs. 'सुदती', 'सुमुखी' and 'शोभनगात्री' are adjectives of the noun 'पुत्री'.

શબ્દાર્થાઃ: રે રે મશક ! - અરે રે મચ્છર ! આ સંબોધન છે. ગાનમ્ મા કુરુ – “ગણગણ’નું ગાણું (ગીત) ન ગા. રક્તપિપાસો (ત્વમ્) – હે લોહીતરસ્યા! (તું). મા સ્પૃશ - સ્પર્શ ના કર. મા દશ - ડંખ ના દે. સુદતી – સારા દાંતવાળી. સુમુખી – સુંદર મુખવાળી. શોભનગાત્રી – સુંદર (મનોહર) અંગોવાળી. 'સુદતી', 'સુમુખી' અને 'શોભનગાત્રી' એ ત્રણેય 'પુત્રી' નામનાં વિશેષણો છે.

अनुवादः: O (You) mosquito! Do not sing (a buzzing song). O! (You) thirsty for blood! Do not touch, do not sting. My daughter with beautiful teeth, a fascinating face, and lovely limbs is truly sleeping!

અનુવાદ: અરે ઓ મચ્છર ! (૮) ('ગણગણ’નું) ગીત ગા મા. હે લોહીતરસ્યા ! () સ્પર્શ ના કર, ડંખ પણ ન દે. સારા દાંતવાળી, સુંદર મુખવાળી અને મનોહર અંગોવાળી મારી દીકરી ખરેખર સૂતી છે!