GSEB Class 7 Social Science Solutions Chapter 3 Government

 

Answer the Following Questions in Brief

 

Question 1. What is the importance of the government? or Why is the government necessary?
Answer:

• No country can properly function without a government.
• A well-established government is essential to manage and run a nation smoothly.

The following points explain why the government is important:
(i) It makes and applies laws and rules for everyone, ensuring no favoritism or bias.
(ii) It appoints officers, employees, and police to properly form and carry out laws.
(iii) It creates rules and arrangements, then makes choices to lead the nation.
(iv) It ensures peace and order in the country, helping the nation move forward on a path of growth and development.

Exam Tip: When asked about the importance of government, always include its role in lawmaking, administration, and maintaining peace for national progress.

 

Question 2. What is a government? What are its functions?
Answer:

• The institution that creates and enforces laws is known as the government.

The functions of the government are as follows:
(i) It resolves financial and societal issues.
(ii) It manages the country's economic situation.
(iii) It handles matters like poverty, joblessness, literacy rates, gender ratios, as well as the health and way of life of citizens.
(iv) It keeps good relationships with other countries.
(v) It provides services and amenities to people, such as ration shops, learning centers, hospitals, emergency aid, courts, transport, postal services, and railways.
(vi) It upholds law, peace, and order in the nation to guide it towards progress and growth.

• Therefore, the government operates like a management committee.
• It consistently works for the well-being of the people.

Exam Tip: Define government by its core role (making and executing laws) and then list key functions like problem-solving, maintaining relations, and providing public services.

 

Question 3. What will you do if the rules are not followed and injustice is done to you?
Answer: If rules are not followed or I experience injustice, I will bring the matter to court and seek fair treatment from the government.

Exam Tip: For questions about seeking justice, always mention approaching the legal system, specifically the court, to resolve the issue.

 

Question 4. Why is it not possible to administer from one place in India? (2 marks)
A. Need for different levels:

• India is a huge country.
• Naturally, the government has many large responsibilities.
• It is obligated to provide amenities as well as safety to its people.
• If all administration were handled by the government from one single place, there would be several difficulties for it.
• It would not be able to manage problems in one part of the country while being situated in another.
• Hence, the government has split its duties into various levels.
• This reduces the government's workload and helps in quick and effective management.

Exam Tip: When discussing why India needs multiple levels of government, highlight its vastness and the need for efficient problem-solving across different regions.

 

GSEB Class 7 Social Science Government Additional Important Questions and Answers

 

Question 1. Why does the government operate from different levels? Which are these levels?
Answer:
A. Need for different levels:

• India is a vast nation.
• Naturally, the government has several huge duties.
• It is bound to offer facilities and security to its citizens.
• If all administration were conducted by the government from one place, there would be many issues for the government.
• It would not be able to handle problems of one area while sitting in another.
• Neither would the government be able to fulfill its commitment to the citizens, nor would the citizens be able to receive benefits from the government.
• Therefore, the government has divided its tasks into different levels.
• This reduces the government's load and helps in fast and effective management.

B. Different levels of government:
The government works at three different levels. These are:
A. Local level:
The government body that functions at the village, town, or city level is known as local government.
B. State level:
The government body that governs and manages an entire state is known as state government.
C. National level:
The government body that maintains law, peace, and order and takes on tasks related to the whole nation is known as the national or Central government.

Exam Tip: Structure your answer by first explaining the necessity for different government levels (due to size and complexity) and then clearly listing and defining each level (local, state, national).

 

Question 2. Write a note on law. OR Explain the importance of law.
Answer:

• The government creates laws.
• Laws are formed according to the nation's Constitution.
• No one can make changes to the law except the government.
• Similarly, the government holds the authority to enforce laws.
• Law is the tool that assists the government in its operations and management.
• Law is essential to maintain peace and order in the nation, to safeguard the freedom of citizens, and to guide the nation towards progress.
• It is impossible to run a nation without rules.
• The government acts within the law. It tries to ensure that laws are properly carried out.
• However, if someone feels that the laws were not enforced correctly, the citizen can speak up and take the issue to court.
• The court makes decisions after thoroughly examining and investigating the matter.
• Anyone who violates the law is punished and/or fined.

Exam Tip: When writing about law, emphasize its creation (by government, per Constitution), enforcement, and critical role in maintaining societal order, protecting rights, and facilitating national development.

 

Question 3. Explain the organs of the government.
Answer:

• The government has to perform various duties.
• It is hard for one single body to perform all these duties.
• Therefore, the government has divided itself into three main parts.
• Each part carries out a specific duty.

The main parts of the government are as follows:
1. Legislative: The part of the government that creates acts or laws is called legislative.
2. Executive: The part of the government that carries out the laws created by the legislative is called executive.
3. Judiciary: The part of the government that gives justice and punishes those who break the law is called judiciary.

Exam Tip: Clearly define the three organs of government (Legislative, Executive, Judiciary) and their distinct roles: making laws, enforcing laws, and interpreting laws/providing justice.

 

Explain the structure of the state government.
Answer:

• India is a vast country.
• The Constitution of India has divided this nation into various states to smoothly carry out administration.
• Thus, our nation consists of a union of different states.
• The central government manages all of India at the national level.
• However, it cannot do this alone.
• Therefore, there is a separate government body at the state level that helps the Central government in administration.
• Thus, the government body that rules and manages an entire state is called the state government.
• The state government has authority over certain matters. However, it always works according to the guidelines set by the Central government.

The following chart shows the structure of the state government:

• Just like the Central government, the state government is also divided into three main parts.

A. Legislative:
The legislative body includes both the Legislative Assembly and the Legislative Council. The Legislative Council is known as the Upper House, while the Legislative Assembly is known as the Lower House. However, it is not essential for every state to have a Legislative Council. Most states, like Gujarat, have only one house, which is the Legislative Assembly or the Lower House.
B. Executive:
The Executive body includes the Chief Minister and the Council of Ministers who provide assistance to him.
C. Judiciary:

• The Judiciary comprises one Supreme Court, High Courts at the state level, and all other courts like the District courts at the district level and Taluka courts at the Taluka level.
• All these parts report to the Governor of the state (or the President of India).

Exam Tip: When detailing the state government structure, ensure you clearly explain the roles of the Governor, Legislative, Executive, and Judiciary, including their sub-components like the Assembly, Council, Chief Minister, and various courts.

 

Question 5. Draw a chart showing the structure of the state government.
Answer:

• India is a vast country.
• The Constitution of India has divided this nation into various states to smoothly carry out administration.
• Thus, our nation consists of a union of different states.
• The central government manages all of India at the national level.
• However, it cannot do this alone.
• Therefore, there is a separate government body at the state level that helps the Central government in administration.
• Thus, the government body that rules and manages an entire state is called the state government.
• The state government has authority over certain matters. However, it always works according to the guidelines set by the Central government.

The following chart shows the structure of the state government:

• Just like the Central government, the state government is also divided into three main parts.

A. Legislative:
The legislative body includes both the Legislative Assembly and the Legislative Council. The Legislative Council is known as the Upper House, while the Legislative Assembly is known as the Lower House. However, it is not essential for every state to have a Legislative Council. Most states, like Gujarat, have only one house, which is the Legislative Assembly or the Lower House.
B. Executive:
The Executive body includes the Chief Minister and the Council of Ministers who provide assistance to him.
C. Judiciary:

• The Judiciary comprises one Supreme Court, High Courts at the state level, and all other courts like the District courts at the district level and Taluka courts at the Taluka level.
• All these parts report to the Governor of the state (or the President of India).

Exam Tip: When presenting an organizational chart, ensure all key components and their hierarchical relationships are clearly depicted and labeled for easy understanding.

 

Question 6. Who is a Governor?
Answer:

• The Governor is to a state what the President is to a nation.
• He or she is the first citizen of the state.
• He or she is the Constitutional head of the government's executive body.
• He or she functions as the representative of the President of the nation.
• The administration of the entire state runs in his or her name.

Exam Tip: To define a Governor, highlight their role as the state's first citizen, constitutional head, and the President's representative, whose name guides state administration.

 

Question 7. Write a note on government and the law.
Answer:

• The government creates laws.
• Laws are formed according to the nation's Constitution.
• No one can make changes to the law except the government.
• Similarly, the government holds the authority to enforce laws.
• Law is the tool that assists the government in its operations and management.
• Law is essential to maintain peace and order in the nation, to safeguard the freedom of citizens, and to guide the nation towards progress.
• It is impossible to run a nation without rules.
• The government acts within the law. It tries to ensure that laws are properly carried out.
• However, if someone feels that the laws were not enforced correctly, the citizen can speak up and take the issue to court.
• The court makes decisions after thoroughly examining and investigating the matter.
• Anyone who violates the law is punished and/or fined.

Exam Tip: When writing about law, emphasize its creation (by government, per Constitution), enforcement, and critical role in maintaining societal order, protecting rights, and facilitating national development.

 

Answer in One or Two Sentence

 

Question 1. Define: Government
Answer: The institution which makes law and executes it is called the government.

Exam Tip: For a definition, ensure it's concise and captures the primary function: making and enforcing laws.

 

Question 2. How do we come to know about the work of the government?
Answer: We learn about the government's work through various media such as newspapers, radio, T.V., and the internet.

Exam Tip: When asked about sources of information, list common media channels that convey public news and government updates.

 

Question 3. Which facilities does the government provide?
Answer: The government provides various facilities like ration shops, educational institutions, hospitals, emergency aid, judiciary services, transportation, postal services, and railways.

Exam Tip: When listing government facilities, think broadly across essential services that support daily life, education, health, and transport.

 

Question 4. Which issues does the government face?
Answer: The government faces issues such as poverty, unemployment, literacy rates, sex ratios, and public health concerns.

Exam Tip: Focus on major socio-economic challenges that governments typically address when listing the issues they face.

 

Question 5. Which problems does the government resolve?
Answer: The government works to resolve economic and social problems.

Exam Tip: Keep the answer brief and to the point, identifying the broad categories of problems governments are tasked with solving.

 

Question 6. How does the government get its laws executed?
Answer: The government gets its laws executed through its officers, employees, and the police force.

Exam Tip: Remember that law enforcement involves a dedicated workforce, including administrative officers, government staff, and the police.

 

Question 7. What does the government maintain in a nation?
Answer: The government maintains law, peace, and order in a nation.

Exam Tip: The core responsibilities of any government include ensuring a stable and orderly society.

 

Question 8. Define: Local government.
Answer: The government body that operates at the village, town, or city level is called local government.

Exam Tip: For defining local government, specify its operational area: villages, towns, or cities, emphasizing its closeness to the people.

 

Question 9. Define: State government.
Answer: The government body that rules and manages an entire state is called state government.

Exam Tip: A clear definition of state government highlights its jurisdiction over an entire state.

 

Question 10. Define: National government.
Answer: The government body that maintains law, peace, and order and takes up works related to the entire nation is called national government.

Exam Tip: For the national government, emphasize its responsibility for the entire country and its role in national security and order.

 

Question 11. Why is law necessary?
Answer: Law is necessary to maintain peace and order in the nation, protect the freedom of citizens, and guide the nation towards progress and development.

Exam Tip: When explaining the necessity of law, focus on its key functions: maintaining order, protecting rights, and enabling societal advancement.

 

Question 12. What is the importance of law?
Answer: Law is important to maintain peace and order in the nation, to protect the freedom of citizens, and to guide the nation on the path of progress.

Exam Tip: The importance of law can be summarized by its role in ensuring societal harmony, safeguarding individual liberties, and fostering national growth.

 

Question 13. What can a citizen do in case he feels that the laws were not executed properly?
Answer: If a citizen feels that laws were not executed properly, they can raise their voice against the breach of laws and take the issue to the court.

Exam Tip: Emphasize the two main actions available to citizens: formal complaint (raising voice) and legal action (taking to court).

 

Question 14. Define: Legislative.
Answer: The organ of the government that frames acts or laws is called legislative.

Exam Tip: The legislative body's primary function is to create and frame new laws.

 

Question 15. Define: Executive.
Answer: The organ of the government that executes the laws formed by the Legislative is called executive.

Exam Tip: The executive body's main responsibility is to implement and carry out the laws passed by the legislative body.

 

Question 16. Define: Judiciary.
Answer: The organ of the government that imparts justice and punishes offenders who breach the law is called judiciary.

Exam Tip: The judiciary is crucial for ensuring justice and maintaining the rule of law through its power to punish law-breakers.

 

Question 17. Who is the head of the state government?
Answer: The Governor is the head of the state government.

Exam Tip: Remember that the Governor holds the top position in state government, similar to the President at the national level.

 

Question 18. At state level, what is included in Legislative?
Answer: At the state level, the Legislative includes the Legislative Assembly and, in some states, the Legislative Council.

Exam Tip: The legislative branch at the state level typically consists of a Legislative Assembly, with some states also having a Legislative Council.

 

Question 19. Who are included in the Executive body at state level?
Answer: The Chief Minister and his Council of Ministers are included in the Executive body at the state level.

Exam Tip: The state executive is led by the Chief Minister and supported by their council, who together manage state administration.

 

Question 20. Into which different parts is the Judiciary at state level divided?
Answer: The Judiciary at the state level is divided into the High Court, District courts, and Taluka courts.

Exam Tip: Remember the hierarchical structure of the judiciary, starting with the highest court at the state level and moving down to local courts.

 

Question 21. Why has India been divided into states?
Answer: India has been divided into states for the smoother administration of the vast nation.

Exam Tip: The division into states primarily serves to decentralize power and ensure more efficient governance across a large country.

 

Question 22. Why can India be called a federal state?
Answer: India can be called a federal state because the government operates at two levels: state and central.

Exam Tip: The key characteristic of a federal state is the presence of multiple levels of government (e.g., central and state) sharing power.

 

Question 23. Which is the supreme government in India? What are its different names?
Answer: The national government is the supreme government in India. It is also known as the Central government or the Union government.

Exam Tip: Understand that the national government holds ultimate authority, and be familiar with its alternative names: Central and Union government.

 

Question 24. What does the first reading of the bill include?
Answer: The first reading of the bill includes a discussion of its principles.

Exam Tip: In the legislative process, the initial reading of a bill focuses on its core ideas and objectives rather than specific details.

 

Question 25. Why is the bill read second time before it becomes a law?
Answer: The bill is read a second time to discuss its minutest details and consider it on serious grounds, ensuring thorough review before it becomes a law.

Exam Tip: The second reading is crucial for detailed examination and debate on each clause of the bill, reflecting careful legislative scrutiny.

 

Question 26. What is done in the third reading of the bill?
Answer: In the third reading of the bill, an act-wise discussion is held.

Exam Tip: The final reading typically involves a summary discussion and a vote on the bill as a whole, after all amendments have been considered.

 

Question 27. What is the chief task of the Governor?
Answer: The chief task of the Governor is to administer the entire state.

Exam Tip: The Governor acts as the constitutional head and primary administrator of a state, overseeing its overall governance.

 

Multiple Choice Questions

 

Question 1. The government works at ................ different levels.
(A) Two
(B) Three
(C) Four
(D) Five
Answer: (B) Three
In simple words: The government in India works at three main levels: local, state, and national.

Exam Tip: Always recall the three main tiers of government in India: local, state, and national.

 

Question 2. Who frames laws?
(A) Citizens
(B) Government
(C) President
(D) All of the options
Answer: (B) Government
In simple words: The government is responsible for making laws to keep the country running smoothly.

Exam Tip: Remember that law-making is a core function of the government, specifically its legislative branch.

 

Question 3. There are ................ organs of the government.
(A) Two
(B) Three
(C) Four
(D) Several
Answer: (B) Three
In simple words: A government has three main parts that work together: the legislative, executive, and judiciary.

Exam Tip: Recall the three fundamental branches that make up a government: legislative, executive, and judicial.

 

Question 4. Which organ of government frames laws?
(A) Legislative
(B) Executive
(C) Judiciary
(D) Council
Answer: (A) Legislative
In simple words: The Legislative part of the government is the one that writes and makes laws.

Exam Tip: Associate "framing laws" directly with the Legislative branch of government.

 

Question 5. The Executive organ of the government ................
(A) Frames laws
(B) Implements laws
(C) Punishes offenders
(D) Provides justice
Answer: (B) Implements laws
In simple words: The Executive branch is in charge of carrying out or putting the laws into action.

Exam Tip: The executive's primary role is to execute or implement the laws that the legislative body creates.

 

Question 6. The government of India operates at two levels, state and central. That means India is a ................ state.
(A) Republic
(B) Democratic
(C) Federal
(D) Secular
Answer: (C) Federal
In simple words: Because India has both a central government and state governments, it is known as a federal state.

Exam Tip: A key characteristic of a federal system is the division of power between central and regional (state) governments.

 

Question 7. The government which operates at the national level is called ................ government.
(A) National
(B) Central
(C) Union
(D) All of the options
Answer: (D) All of the options
In simple words: The government that works for the whole country can be called National, Central, or Union government.

Exam Tip: Remember that "National," "Central," and "Union" are all valid terms for the government operating at the country level.

 

Question 8. The Lower House of the state is called the ................
(A) Legislative Assembly
(B) Legislative Sabha
(C) Legislative Council
(D) All of the options
Answer: (A) Legislative Assembly
In simple words: The main body of elected members in a state, similar to the Lok Sabha at the center, is known as the Legislative Assembly.

Exam Tip: Distinguish between the Legislative Assembly (Lower House) and the Legislative Council (Upper House) at the state level.

 

Question 9. Gujarat has ................
(A) Legislative Assembly
(B) Legislative Council
(C) Both of these
(D) None of these
Answer: (A) Legislative Assembly
In simple words: Gujarat only has one house in its state legislature, which is the Legislative Assembly.

Exam Tip: Be aware that not all states have a bicameral legislature; many, like Gujarat, have only a Legislative Assembly.

 

Question 10. Most of the states do not have ................ .
(A) Legislative Assembly
(B) Legislative Council
(C) Both of these
(D) None of these
Answer: (B) Legislative Council
In simple words: Most states in India only have a Legislative Assembly and do not have a Legislative Council.

Exam Tip: Understand that the Legislative Council is less common than the Legislative Assembly among Indian states.

 

Question 11. The Legislative Council is known as the ................ House.
(A) Upper
(B) Lower
(C) Middle
Answer: (A) Upper
In simple words: The Legislative Council, when present, is called the Upper House, similar to the Rajya Sabha at the national level.

Exam Tip: Remember that in a bicameral legislature, the Legislative Council holds the status of the 'Upper House'.

 

Question 12. A bill is read ................ times before it becomes a law.
(A) 2
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 7
Answer: (B) 3
In simple words: A bill usually goes through three stages of reading and discussion before it can become a law.

Exam Tip: The three readings are a standard part of the legislative process to ensure thorough review and debate of a bill.

 

Question 13. A person should be of at least ................ years of age to become a member of the Legislative Assembly.
(A) 18
(B) 21
(C) 25
(D) 35
Answer: (C) 25
In simple words: To be part of the Legislative Assembly, a person must be at least 25 years old.

Exam Tip: Know the minimum age requirements for holding public office, such as 25 for Legislative Assembly and Lok Sabha.

 

Question 14. Legislative Assembly should not have less than ................ members.
(A) 10
(B) 40
(C) 60
(D) 100
Answer: (C) 60
In simple words: A Legislative Assembly needs to have a minimum of 60 members to function.

Exam Tip: Be aware of the minimum number of members required for a Legislative Assembly, which is typically 60, though exceptions exist for smaller states.

 

Question 15. The number of members of the Legislative Assembly should not exceed ................
(A) 800
(B) 700
(C) 600
Answer: (D) 500
In simple words: The maximum number of members in a Legislative Assembly cannot be more than 500.

Exam Tip: Remember the upper limit for the number of members in a Legislative Assembly, which is set at 500 to ensure manageability.

 

Question 12. A bill is read __________ times before it becomes a law.
(A) 2
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 7
Answer: (B) 3
In simple words: Before a bill can become a law, it needs to be read and discussed three different times in the legislative body. This makes sure everyone has a chance to review it.

Exam Tip: Always remember the legislative process involves multiple readings for a bill to ensure thorough review and discussion before it can be enacted as a law.

 

Question 13. A person should be of atleast __________ years of age to become a member of the Legislative Assembly.
(A) 18
(B) 21
(C) 25
(D) 35
Answer: (C) 25
In simple words: To join the Legislative Assembly, a person must be at least 25 years old. This age limit is set to make sure members are mature enough.

Exam Tip: Be sure to distinguish between the age requirements for different elected positions, as they vary (e.g., voting age vs. candidacy age).

 

Question 14. Legislative Assembly should not have less than __________ members.
(A) 10
(B) 40
(C) 60
(D) 100
Answer: (C) 60
In simple words: The Legislative Assembly must have a minimum of 60 members to function correctly. This ensures enough representation for the people.

Exam Tip: Minimum and maximum membership numbers for legislative bodies are constitutional provisions, important for fair representation.

 

Question 15. The number of members of the Legislative Assembly should not exceed __________.
(A) 800
(B) 700
(C) 600
(D) 500
Answer: (D) 500
In simple words: The total number of members in the Legislative Assembly cannot be more than 500. This limit helps keep the assembly manageable and efficient.

Exam Tip: Knowing the upper and lower limits for assembly sizes is crucial for understanding parliamentary structure.

 

Question 16. Who is the first citizen of the state?
(A) Chief Minister
(B) Mayor
(C) Governor
(D) Council of Ministers
Answer: (C) Governor
In simple words: The Governor is known as the first citizen of a state, representing the President and acting as the constitutional head.

Exam Tip: Understand the symbolic and constitutional roles of key figures like the Governor (state) and President (nation) as first citizens.

 

Question 17. Governor is the Constitutional head of the __________ body.
(A) Legislative
(B) Executive
(C) Judiciary
(D) All of these
Answer: (B) Executive
In simple words: The Governor serves as the constitutional head for the state's executive branch. This means they formally lead the administration.

Exam Tip: Clearly differentiate between the legislative (making laws), executive (implementing laws), and judiciary (interpreting laws) branches of government.

 

Question 18. The Governor is the representative of the __________.
(A) Chief Minister
(B) Prime Minister
(C) President
(D) Union of states
Answer: (C) President
In simple words: The Governor acts as the President's representative within the state. This helps connect the state government to the central government.

Exam Tip: The Governor's role as a link between the state and central government is a key aspect of India's federal structure.

 

Question 19. The administration of the entire state runs in the name of the __________.
(A) Chief Minister
(B) Council of Minister
(C) Governor
Answer: (C) Governor
In simple words: All official state administration is carried out in the Governor's name. This highlights their formal authority as head of state.

Exam Tip: While the Chief Minister leads the elected government, the Governor holds the constitutional authority in whose name state actions are performed.

 

Question 20. The principles of the bill are discussed in the __________ reading.
(A) 1st
(B) 2nd
(C) 3rd
(D) 4th
Answer: (A) 1st
In simple words: The main ideas and principles of a proposed law are discussed during its first reading. This is where the overall concept is introduced.

Exam Tip: Understanding the purpose of each reading (first for principles, second for details, third for final vote) is important for legislative knowledge.

 

Fill in the Blanks

 

Question 1. Every country forms laws according to its __________.
Answer: Constitution
In simple words: Each country creates its laws by following the rules and guidelines set out in its Constitution.

Exam Tip: Always remember that the Constitution is the supreme law and forms the basis for all other laws in a country.

 

Question 2. The economical and social problems of the public are resolved by the __________.
Answer: Government
In simple words: The government helps solve money-related and community issues that people face.

Exam Tip: Governments are fundamentally responsible for addressing the economic and social welfare of their citizens.

 

Question 3. Government is a group of people who together form the __________.
Answer: Managing committee
In simple words: A government is made up of people who work together to act like a managing committee for the country.

Exam Tip: Think of the government as the "managing committee" responsible for the overall operation and well-being of the nation.

 

Question 4. The government body that manages a village or city is called __________.
Answer: Local government
In simple words: The group that manages a village or city is known as the local government.

Exam Tip: Local government is essential for addressing specific community needs and issues at the grassroots level.

 

Question 5. The most important tool for the proper functioning of the government is __________.
Answer: Law
In simple words: Laws are the most vital tool that helps the government work correctly and maintain order.

Exam Tip: Laws provide the framework and authority for governments to govern effectively and ensure justice.

 

True or False

 

Question 1. The government decentralizes its function for better efficiency and smooth administration.
Answer: True
In simple words: It is true that the government spreads out its duties to make things work more smoothly and efficiently.

Exam Tip: Decentralization means distributing power and functions to lower levels, which often improves administration and responsiveness.

 

Question 2. Only the President of India has the authority to make amendments in the laws.
Answer: False
In simple words: This statement is false because the President alone does not have the power to change laws; the Parliament is primarily responsible for amendments.

Exam Tip: Legislative power for amending laws primarily rests with the Parliament, not solely with the President, who gives assent.

 

Question 3. Laws give freedom to citizens.
Answer: True
In simple words: It is true that laws provide and protect the freedom of citizens by setting boundaries and ensuring rights.

Exam Tip: Laws ensure that individual freedoms are protected while also maintaining societal order, preventing chaos.

 

Question 4. The executive body of the government enforces laws on people and punishes the offenders.
Answer: False
In simple words: This statement is false because the executive body primarily enforces laws, but it is the judiciary that punishes offenders.

Exam Tip: Remember the separation of powers: the executive enforces, the judiciary punishes, and the legislature makes laws.

 

Question 5. The judiciary works independently.
Answer: True
In simple words: It is true that the judiciary operates on its own, without control from other government branches, to ensure fair justice.

Exam Tip: The independence of the judiciary is a fundamental principle in democratic systems, safeguarding impartial justice.

 

Question 6. The Governor is the first citizen of a state.
Answer: True
In simple words: This is true; the Governor is indeed considered the first citizen of any state.

Exam Tip: This is a factual statement related to the ceremonial head of a state.

 

Self-Study Activity

 

Question. Indicate at which level the government makes decisions for each of the following matters:
Answer:
(i) Provide electricity to farmers at low cost. - State
(ii) Mid-day meals at government schools. - State
(iii) Decide the location of government hospital in village/city. - Local
(iv) Allot free pass of railway to students. - National
(v) Help Indians residing in Japan at the time of emergency. - National
(vi) Construct a park for children in Surat. - Local
(vii) Develop airway services between two countries. - National
In simple words: Different government levels handle different types of issues. Local governments manage local needs, state governments deal with state-wide services, and the national government handles larger, country-wide, or international matters.

Exam Tip: To answer effectively, identify whether the issue is highly localized, affects a whole state, or impacts the entire nation or international relations.

 

Match the Following

 

Question. Match the following government bodies with their functions:
Answer:
1. Gram Panchayat - (b) Provide street lights in village
2. Taluka Panchayat - (d) Construct roads between two villages
3. District Panchayat - (a) Appoint teachers in primary school
4. State government - (e) Contribute to the local self-government institute
5. Central government - (c) Start new trains between two cities
In simple words: This matching exercise connects different levels of government (Gram, Taluka, District, State, Central) with the specific jobs they are responsible for. It shows how responsibilities are divided.

Exam Tip: Understanding the specific roles and responsibilities of each tier of government is fundamental to comprehending the administrative structure.