GSEB Class 7 Social Science Solutions Chapter 2 Motions of the Earth

Answer the Following Questions in Brief

 

Question 1. Which are the two motions of the earth? or How many types of motion are there of the earth? Name them.
Answer: The two main movements of the Earth are its spinning on its own axis and its journey around the sun.
A. Rotation on its own axis
B. Revolution around the sun
In simple words: The Earth has two kinds of movement: it spins around and it goes around the sun.

Exam Tip: Remember these two motions are fundamental to understanding Earth's position in the solar system.

 

Question 2. What would happen if the earth did not revolve around the sun?
Answer: If the Earth stopped moving around the sun, there would be no more changes in seasons. Also, day and night as we know them might not occur in the same way across the globe.
In simple words: No revolution means no seasons and irregular day-night patterns.

Exam Tip: Always consider how Earth's movements directly impact natural phenomena like seasons and the cycle of day and night.

 

Question 3. There is a test match between India and West Indies in West Indies. At what period of the day will you watch this match - day or night?
Answer: If a cricket match is played in the West Indies during their daytime, I would probably watch it at night in India. The reverse would also be true; if it's night there, it would be day here.
In simple words: Because of time zone differences, a day match in West Indies would be watched at night in India, and vice versa.

Exam Tip: This question tests your understanding of time zones and how they relate to the Earth's rotation. Remember to account for the large longitudinal difference.

 

Question 4. How is your shadow during morning, afternoon and evening? or What is the length and direction of your shadow in the morning, afternoon and evening?
Answer:

In simple words: Your shadow is longest in the morning and evening, pointing west then east, and shortest at noon when it's directly beneath you.

Exam Tip: Remember that shadow length is shortest when the sun is highest (noon) and longest when the sun is low (morning/evening). The direction is opposite to the sun's position.

 

Question 5. The sun is never overhead in London and the sunlight is there till 8 o'clock in the evening; whereas the sun is seen overhead in Singapore. Give reason.
Answer: The sun's rays fall directly onto the Equator and the areas close to it. Singapore, being near the Equator, sees the sun directly overhead. London, however, is located closer to the Tropic of Cancer. Places around the Tropic of Cancer get slightly angled sunlight but for a longer time each day. This is why the sun never appears directly overhead in London, even though it stays light until 8 o'clock in the evening.
In simple words: London's higher latitude means slanted sun rays, while Singapore's equatorial position gets direct overhead sun.

Exam Tip: This question highlights the effect of latitude on the angle of the sun's rays and daylight duration. Relate it to the concept of direct vs. slanted sunlight.

 

Gseb Class 7 Social Science Motions Of The Earth Additional Important Questions And Answers

 

Question 1. Explain the motion of earth.
Answer: Just like all other moving bodies in the universe, the Earth also moves in two primary ways. Firstly, it spins around its own axis, and secondly, it travels around the sun. So, the Earth's movement involves these two main actions. However, it's not only the Earth that moves; all cosmic bodies like the sun and moon also perform their own motions.
In simple words: The Earth moves in two ways: it spins on its axis (rotation) and goes around the sun (revolution).

Exam Tip: Clearly state both types of motion, rotation and revolution, and briefly explain what each involves to score full marks.

 

Question 2. Write a short note on the rotation of earth.
Answer: The rotation of the Earth is its movement on its own invisible axis. Similar to how a spinning top rotates on its central axis, the Earth also turns on its own imaginary line. This axis can be thought of as perpendicular to the Equator. The Earth rotates at a speed of about 1670 km/hour. At this speed, it takes 24 hours to complete one full spin, which is why our day is 24 hours long. Day and night only happen because the Earth rotates. The side of the Earth facing the sun experiences day, while the other side, away from the sun, experiences night.
In simple words: Earth's rotation is its spin on its axis, causing day and night and completing in 24 hours at 1670 km/hour.

Exam Tip: When describing rotation, mention the axis, speed, time taken (24 hours), and its direct effect (day and night).

 

Question 3. When it is day in India, what is there in other countries? Write down.
Answer:

In simple words: When it is daytime in India, countries to the west like Canada, Mexico, and Brazil experience night, while countries to the east like Japan, Australia, and South Africa might also experience day due to global time zones.

Exam Tip: This question demonstrates your knowledge of global time differences caused by the Earth's rotation. Remember to consider the relative longitudinal positions.

 

Question 4. Write a short note on the revolution of earth.
Answer: The Earth spins on its own axis and also travels around the sun. This journey of the Earth around the sun along an imaginary path is known as revolution. This imaginary path is called its orbit, which is oval, egg-shaped, or elliptical. Because the Earth's orbit is not a perfect circle, its distance from the sun changes throughout the year. The Earth moves around the sun at a speed of 1760 km/min. It takes 365 days to complete one full revolution, and this period is known as a year. Different seasons occur on Earth mainly due to its revolution around the sun and the tilt of its axis. This tilt also causes some days to be longer and some nights to be shorter, or vice versa. The Earth's axis is tilted at an angle of 23.5° relative to its orbit, and at 66.5° relative to its orbital plane.
In simple words: Earth's revolution is its yearly trip around the sun on an elliptical path, taking 365 days and causing seasons due to its axial tilt.

Exam Tip: For revolution, highlight the orbital path (ellipse), duration (365 days/1 year), speed, and the key consequence (seasons due to axial tilt).

 

Question 5. Draw a diagram of the various latitudes of the earth.
Answer:

In simple words: The diagram shows Earth's globe with lines like the Equator and Tropics, illustrating how sunlight creates varying day lengths across different latitudes.

Exam Tip: When drawing diagrams, ensure all key latitudes (Equator, Tropics, Arctic/Antarctic Circles) and poles are clearly marked and correctly positioned.

 

Question 6. Look at the picture given below and answer the questions that follow:

(i) How long is the day on the Tropic of Cancer on 21st June?
(ii) Which season will be experienced mostly on the Tropic of Cancer?
(iii) What would be the length of day and night?
(iv) What will happen on the Tropic of Capricorn on 22nd December?
(v) For how many hours will Tropic of Capricorn experience daylight on 22nd December?
Answer:
(i) On June 21st, the Tropic of Cancer will have a long day, lasting about 14 hours.
(ii) The Tropic of Cancer will mainly experience the summer season.
(iii) The daytime would be extended, while the night would be shortened.
(iv) On December 22nd, the Tropic of Capricorn will experience a long day and the summer season.
(v) The Tropic of Capricorn will get about 14 hours of sunlight on December 22nd.
In simple words: The diagram shows how June 21st brings long days and summer to the Tropic of Cancer, while December 22nd brings long days and summer to the Tropic of Capricorn.

Exam Tip: Pay close attention to the specific dates and their corresponding tropics when answering questions about day length and seasons, as these are critical details.

 

Question 7. How do days and nights become long and short? OR Why do the lengths of days and nights differ?
Answer: The Earth travels around the sun on its unique path, forming an angle at 66.5° on this orbit. As a result, the Northern and Southern Hemispheres face the sun one after the other. The hemisphere that points towards the sun for a longer period gets direct sunlight. In these areas, days are longer and nights are shorter. Conversely, places where the sun's rays hit at a slant experience shorter days and longer nights. Thus, the duration of days and nights depends on the Earth's rotation and its tilt.
In simple words: The tilt of Earth's axis and its revolution cause different hemispheres to get more direct sunlight, making days longer or shorter at various times of the year.

Exam Tip: Emphasize the Earth's axial tilt (23.5°) and its orbit around the sun as the main reasons for varying day and night lengths, not just rotation.

 

Question 8. How do day and night occur on the earth?
Answer: The Earth has a round shape and constantly spins on its own axis. The side of the Earth that faces the sun gets sunlight, while the other half stays in darkness. Therefore, the first part experiences day, and the other part experiences night. As the Earth rotates, day gradually changes into night, and night slowly changes back into day.
In simple words: Day and night happen because the Earth rotates, causing different parts to face the sun (day) or face away (night).

Exam Tip: Keep the explanation simple and direct: Earth's rotation on its axis is the sole cause of day and night.

 

Question 9. Explain the cycle of seasons. OR Explain how changes in seasons occur.
Answer: The Earth travels around the sun. When it revolves and spins simultaneously, it remains tilted in one constant direction. The part of the Earth that leans towards the sun receives straight and direct sunlight. These direct rays from the sun bring more heat and light to the Earth, making the days longer. Consequently, that region of the Earth experiences summer. The hemisphere on the opposite side receives slanted sun rays. Slanted rays provide less heat. Also, the length of the night increases while the day length decreases. Therefore, when the Northern Hemisphere has summer, the Southern Hemisphere experiences winter. This is how the cycle of seasons works, and these seasonal changes directly impact human life.
In simple words: Seasons change because the tilted Earth revolves around the sun, causing different parts to receive direct or slanted sunlight, which affects heat and day length.

Exam Tip: Connect the Earth's axial tilt, revolution, and the direct/slanted nature of sun rays directly to the occurrence of summer and winter in different hemispheres.

 

Question 10. List of the festivals and seasons celebrated in India are given below. Which seasons are there in other countries of the world? Find and write in the table.
Answer:

In simple words: The table illustrates that while certain festivals are celebrated in India during specific seasons, other countries experience different seasons at the same time.

Exam Tip: Understand that seasons are opposite in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. This will help you correctly identify seasons in different countries.

 

Question 11. Norway is called the 'Country of the Midnight Sun'. Give reason.
Answer: Norway is located in the Northern Hemisphere. This hemisphere experiences its summer season between March 21st and September 23rd. During this time, the sun never fully sets near the Arctic Circle from mid-May until the end of July. In fact, as soon as the sun dips below the horizon, it immediately rises again near the Arctic Circle. This means the sun can be seen even at midnight in these areas. Norway is one such nation that experiences this unique phenomenon, which is why it is known as the 'Country of the Midnight Sun'.
In simple words: Norway is called the 'Country of the Midnight Sun' because, due to its high latitude in the Northern Hemisphere, the sun never completely sets near the Arctic Circle during summer months.

Exam Tip: Mention Norway's location (Northern Hemisphere, near Arctic Circle) and the period of continuous daylight in summer as key points for this explanation.

 

Answer In One Or Two Sentences

 

Question 1. Define: Rotation of earth.
Answer: The circular movement of Earth on its own imaginary axis is known as rotation.
In simple words: Earth's rotation is when it spins around its own center line.

Exam Tip: A good definition of rotation must include "on its own axis".

 

Question 2. At what speed does the earth rotate? How long does it take to complete one circle of rotation?
Answer: The Earth rotates at a speed of 1670 kilometers per hour, and it takes 24 hours to complete one full rotation.
In simple words: Earth rotates at 1670 km/hour, taking 24 hours for one full spin.

Exam Tip: Always provide both speed and duration when asked about Earth's rotation for full accuracy.

 

Question 3. Define: Revolution of earth.
Answer: The movement of the Earth around the sun on an imaginary path is called revolution.
In simple words: Earth's revolution is its journey around the sun.

Exam Tip: A clear definition of revolution should mention moving "around the sun" on an "imaginary path" (orbit).

 

Question 4. Define: Orbit.
Answer: The imaginary path in space where the Earth revolves around the sun is known as its orbit.
In simple words: An orbit is the invisible track Earth follows around the sun.

Exam Tip: Define orbit as the specific path a celestial body takes around another, emphasizing its imaginary nature.

 

Question 5. What is the shape of the orbit?
Answer: The shape of the Earth's orbit is oval, which is also described as egg-shaped or elliptical.
In simple words: Earth's orbit is shaped like an oval or an ellipse.

Exam Tip: The key terms here are "oval" or "elliptical" (egg-shaped). Use any of these to describe the orbit's shape.

 

Question 6. At what speed does the earth revolve? How long does it take to complete one circle of revolution?
Answer: The Earth revolves around the sun at a speed of 1760 kilometers per minute, and it takes 365 days, or one year, to complete a single revolution.
In simple words: Earth revolves at 1760 km/min, taking 365 days (one year) for a full circle.

Exam Tip: Provide both speed and time (in days or years) for a complete answer on Earth's revolution.

 

Question 7. What is a year?
Answer: A year is the time it takes for the Earth to finish one full revolution around the sun, which is a period of 365 days.
In simple words: A year is how long it takes for Earth to go around the sun once, which is 365 days.

Exam Tip: Clearly link the concept of a "year" to the Earth's "revolution" and its specific duration of "365 days".

 

Question 8. Why do seasons occur?
Answer: Seasons happen because of the Earth's revolution around the sun and the specific tilt of its axis.
In simple words: Seasons occur because Earth moves around the sun while being tilted.

Exam Tip: Always include both revolution and axial tilt as the causes for seasons.

 

Question 9. In which places are days longer?
Answer: Days are longer in those regions where the sun's rays hit directly and straight.
In simple words: Places with direct sunlight have longer days.

Exam Tip: Relate longer days directly to the angle at which the sun's rays strike the Earth's surface.

 

Question 10. In which places are days shorter?
Answer: Days are shorter in areas where the sun's rays fall at an angle or slant.
In simple words: Days are shorter where sunlight is slanted.

Exam Tip: Shorter days are a direct result of slanted sun rays due to the Earth's tilt relative to the sun.

 

Question 11. Why do day and night occur?
Answer: Day and night happen because of the Earth's continuous rotation on its own axis.
In simple words: Day and night happen because the Earth spins.

Exam Tip: The simple answer is that Earth's rotation on its axis causes day and night. Avoid confusing it with revolution.

 

Question 12. When do the rays of the sun fall directly on the Equator?
Answer: The sun's rays fall directly on the Equator on two specific dates: March 21st and September 23rd.
In simple words: The sun shines straight on the Equator on March 21st and September 23rd.

Exam Tip: Remember these two dates (equinoxes) as they mark when the sun is directly overhead at the Equator, resulting in equal day and night worldwide.

 

Multiple Choice Questions

 

Question 1. Which element of the universe moves?
(a) Sun
(b) Moon
(c) Earth
(d) All of the options
Answer: (d) All of the options
In simple words: All celestial bodies in the universe, including the sun, moon, and Earth, are constantly in motion.

Exam Tip: Remember that all celestial bodies in the universe are in constant motion relative to each other.

 

Question 2. The earth rotates __________
(a) On its own axis
(b) Around the sun
(c) Both of these
(d) None of the options
Answer: (a) On its own axis
In simple words: The Earth spins around an imaginary line passing through its center, which is called its own axis.

Exam Tip: "Rotation" specifically refers to spinning on an axis, while "revolution" refers to orbiting another body.

 

Question 3. The imaginary axis dividing the earth in exactly two parts is called __________
(a) Equator
(b) Tropic of Cancer
(c) Arctic Circle
(d) South Pole
Answer: (a) Equator
In simple words: The imaginary line that splits the Earth into two equal halves is named the Equator.

Exam Tip: The Equator is defined as the largest circle of latitude that divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

 

Question 4. What is the shape of the orbit of the earth?
(a) Oval
(b) Egg-shaped
(c) Elliptical
(d) All of the options
Answer: (d) All of the options
In simple words: The path that the Earth follows around the sun is not a perfect circle; it is an oval, egg-shaped, or elliptical path.

Exam Tip: Remember that "elliptical" is the most precise scientific term for the Earth's orbital shape, but "oval" or "egg-shaped" also describe it accurately.

 

Question 5. The earth revolves around the sun at the speed of __________
(a) 1760 km/hour
(b) 1670 km/hour
(c) 1760 km/min
(d) 1670 km/min
Answer: (c) 1760 km/min
In simple words: The Earth moves around the sun at a very high speed, specifically 1760 kilometers every minute.

Exam Tip: Distinguish carefully between the speed of rotation (km/hour) and the speed of revolution (km/min) to avoid common errors.

 

Question 6. The moon revolves around the __________
(a) Sun
(b) Earth
(c) Both of these
(d) None of the options
Answer: (b) Earth
In simple words: The moon travels in a circle around the Earth.

Exam Tip: The moon is a natural satellite of Earth, so it orbits the Earth, not the sun directly (though it follows Earth's orbit around the sun).

 

Question 7. The period of one revolution of the earth is called one __________
(a) Day
(b) Month
(c) Year
(d) Hour
Answer: (c) Year
In simple words: The time it takes for the Earth to complete one full trip around the sun is called a year.

Exam Tip: Remember that a year is directly defined by Earth's full revolution around the sun, lasting approximately 365 days.

 

Question 8. The earth makes an angle at __________ on its axis.
(a) 23.5
(b) 42.5
(c) 66.5
(d) 82.5
Answer: (a) 23.5
In simple words: The Earth is tilted on its axis at an angle of 23.5 degrees.

Exam Tip: The 23.5° tilt of Earth's axis is crucial for understanding seasons and varying day lengths.

 

Question 9. The tilt of the earth on its axis results in __________
(a) Sunrise and sunset
(b) Revolution of earth
(c) Different seasons
(d) Rotation of earth
Answer: (c) Different seasons
In simple words: The leaning position of the Earth's axis causes the different seasons we experience.

Exam Tip: Clearly distinguish between rotation (day/night) and axial tilt (seasons) as their effects are often confused.

 

Question 10. What is located at 0°?
(a) Equator
(b) Pole
(c) Arctic Circle
(d) Antarctic Circle
Answer: (a) Equator
In simple words: The Equator is the imaginary line found at 0 degrees latitude around the Earth.

Exam Tip: The Equator is the reference point for latitude, located at 0 degrees, dividing the Earth horizontally.

 

Question 11. 0° : Equator: __________ : North Pole.
(a) 90° N
(b) 90° S
(c) 23.5° N
(d) 23.5° S
Answer: (a) 90° N
In simple words: Just as the Equator is at 0 degrees, the North Pole is located at 90 degrees North latitude.

Exam Tip: Understand the parallel structure: Equator is 0°, and the poles are at 90° (North or South).

 

Question 12. Equator: 0° : Antarctic Circle: __________
(a) 90° N
(b) 66.5° N
(c) 90° S
(d) 66.5° S
Answer: (d) 66.5° S
In simple words: The Antarctic Circle is located at 66.5 degrees South, similar to how the Equator is at 0 degrees.

Exam Tip: Remember the specific latitude for the Antarctic Circle (66.5° S) as you would for the Arctic Circle (66.5° N) or the Tropics (23.5° N/S).

 

Question 13. Tropic of Capricorn is located at __________
(a) 66.5° N
(b) 23.5° N
(c) 23.5° S
(d) 66.5° S
Answer: (c) 23.5° S
In simple words: The Tropic of Capricorn is an important line of latitude found at 23.5 degrees South.

Exam Tip: Accurately recall the latitudes and hemispheres for the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn (23.5° N and 23.5° S, respectively).

 

Question 14. The earth makes an angle on its orbit at __________°.
(a) 23.5
(b) 42.5
(c) 66.5
(d) 82.5
Answer: (c) 66.5
In simple words: The Earth's orbital path is tilted at an angle of 66.5 degrees.

Exam Tip: Differentiate between the axial tilt (23.5° from perpendicular to orbit) and the angle the axis makes with the orbital plane (66.5°).

 

Question 15. The light circle (Prakash vartul) joins both the __________
(a) Tropics
(b) Circle
(c) Poles
(d) Zones
Answer: (c) Poles
In simple words: The light circle, also known as Prakash vartul, connects both the Earth's poles.

Exam Tip: The circle of illumination (or Prakash vartul) divides the Earth into the lighted and dark halves, passing through the poles at the equinoxes.

 

Question 16. The rays of the sun fall straight on the __________
(a) Tropic of Cancer, 21st June
(b) Tropic of Capricorn, 22nd November
(c) Arctic Circle, 12th August
(d) Antarctic Circle, 12th December
Answer: (a) Tropic of Cancer, 21st June
In simple words: The sun's rays shine directly on the Tropic of Cancer on June 21st.

Exam Tip: Associate June 21st (summer solstice in Northern Hemisphere) with the sun's direct rays on the Tropic of Cancer.

 

Question 17. The rays of the sun fall straight on the Tropic of Capricorn on __________
(a) 23rd August
(b) 22nd December
(c) 29th September
(d) 21st June
Answer: (b) 22nd December
In simple words: The sun's rays hit the Tropic of Capricorn directly on December 22nd.

Exam Tip: Connect December 22nd (winter solstice in Northern Hemisphere, summer solstice in Southern Hemisphere) with the sun's direct rays on the Tropic of Capricorn.

 

Question 18. The days are __________ on the places where the rays of the sun fall __________
(a) Long, slant
(b) Short, slant
(c) Long, straight
(d) Both B and C are correct
Answer: (d) Both B and C are correct
In simple words: Days are shorter where the sun's rays fall at a slant, and days are longer where the sun's rays fall directly straight.

Exam Tip: Understand that the length of the day is directly related to the angle at which sunlight hits the Earth's surface: direct rays mean longer days, slanted rays mean shorter days.

 

Question 19. Northern Hemisphere experiences summer between .................... to ....................
(A) 21st June to 22nd December
(B) 21st March to 23rd September
(C) 23rd August to 25th November
(D) 23rd January to 25th April
Answer: (B) 21st March to 23rd September
In simple words: Summer in the Northern Hemisphere runs from March 21st to September 23rd.

Exam Tip: Remember key dates for seasonal changes, as they are commonly asked in multiple-choice questions.

 

Question 20. .................... is the longest day.
(A) 21st June
(B) 21st March
(C) 22nd December
(D) 23rd September
Answer: (A) 21st June
In simple words: June 21st is known as the longest day.

Exam Tip: Associate the longest day with the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere.

 

Question 21. .................... is the shortest day.
(A) 21st June
(B) 21st March
(C) 22nd December
(D) 23rd September
Answer: (C) 22nd December
In simple words: December 22nd is the year's shortest day.

Exam Tip: Connect the shortest day with the winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere.

 

Question 22. In which season do we celebrate Holi?
(A) Summer
(B) Winter
(C) Monsoon
(D) Autumn
Answer: (A) Summer
In simple words: Holi is celebrated in summer.

Exam Tip: Relate festivals to the seasons they traditionally occur in, especially for cultural questions.

 

Question 23. In .................... the sun does not set from mid May to the end of July.
(A) Germany
(B) France
(C) Norway
(D) Netherland
Answer: (C) Norway
In simple words: Norway sees the sun stay up from mid-May to late July.

Exam Tip: Remember countries located near the poles that experience phenomena like the midnight sun.

 

Question 24. Norway is located in ....................
(A) Asia
(B) Russia
(C) Europe
(D) America
Answer: (C) Europe
In simple words: Norway is a country in Europe.

Exam Tip: Know the continents where different countries are situated for general knowledge questions.

 

Question 25. The sun is never overhead in ....................
(A) London
(B) Sydney
(C) Singapore
(D) Colombo
Answer: (A) London
In simple words: London never has the sun directly above it.

Exam Tip: Understand that locations outside the tropics (like London) never experience the sun directly overhead.

 

Question 1. The earth rotates at the speed of ....................
Answer: The Earth turns on its axis at a speed of 1670 kilometers per hour.
In simple words: The earth spins at 1670 km/hr.

Exam Tip: Memorize the approximate rotation speed of the Earth for fill-in-the-blank questions.

 

Question 2. It takes .................... for the earth to complete one circle of rotation.
Answer: It requires 24 hours for the Earth to finish one full rotation.
In simple words: The earth takes 24 hours for one full spin.

Exam Tip: Remember that one rotation of the Earth defines a day.

 

Question 3. It takes .................... for the earth to complete one circle of revolution.
Answer: It needs 365 days for the Earth to accomplish one complete revolution around the sun.
In simple words: The earth needs 365 days to go around the sun once.

Exam Tip: Understand that one revolution of the Earth defines a year.

 

Question 4. The distance between the earth and the sun is not same throughout the year due to the .................... shaped orbit.
Answer: The distance separating the Earth and the sun changes over the year because of its oval or egg-shaped orbit.
In simple words: The earth and sun are not always the same distance apart because the orbit is oval/egg-shaped.

Exam Tip: Know that Earth's orbit is elliptical, not perfectly circular, causing distance variations from the sun.

 

Question 5. The .................... revolves around the earth.
Answer: The Moon orbits around the planet Earth.
In simple words: The Moon circles the earth.

Exam Tip: Remember that the Moon is Earth's natural satellite.

 

Question 6. The .................... of the earth is responsible for different seasons.
Answer: The Earth's revolution around the sun causes the different seasons we experience.
In simple words: The earth's trip around the sun makes the seasons change.

Exam Tip: Distinguish between rotation (day/night) and revolution (seasons).

 

Question 7. Days are long where the rays of the sun fall ....................
Answer: Days are lengthy in areas where the sun's rays strike directly.
In simple words: Days are longer where sunlight hits straight.

Exam Tip: Direct sunlight means more concentrated solar energy and longer periods of illumination.

 

Question 8. The part of the earth which receives more sunlight experience .................... season.
Answer: The section of the Earth that gets more sunshine experiences the summer season.
In simple words: Areas on Earth with more sunlight have summer.

Exam Tip: Understand the direct relationship between sunlight intensity and season.

 

Question 9. Southern Hemisphere experiences winter between .................... to .................... (date).
Answer: The Southern Hemisphere experiences winter during the period from March 21st to September 23rd.
In simple words: Winter in the Southern Hemisphere happens between March 21st and September 23rd.

Exam Tip: Remember that seasons in the Southern Hemisphere are opposite to those in the Northern Hemisphere.

 

Question 10. The rays of the sun fall straight on the .................... (latitude).
Answer: The sun's rays fall directly on the Equator.
In simple words: Sunlight hits the Equator straight on.

Exam Tip: The Equator receives direct sunlight twice a year during the equinoxes.

 

Question 11. We celebrate Diwali and Chnstmas in .................... season.
Answer: We celebrate both Diwali and Christmas during the winter season.
In simple words: Diwali and Christmas are celebrated in winter.

Exam Tip: Relate festivals to their typical occurrence within the seasonal calendar.

 

Question 12. In .................... country of Europe, the sun rises as soon as it sets from mid May to the end of July.
Answer: In Norway, a country located in Europe, the sun rises immediately after it sets from mid-May until the end of July.
In simple words: In Norway, a European country, the sun rises right after it sets from mid-May to late July.

Exam Tip: Understand the unique daylight patterns in countries at high latitudes during summer months.

 

Question 13. From .................... day onwards, the rays of the sun fall straight on the Equator.
Answer: From December 22nd onwards, the sun's rays begin to fall directly on the Equator.
In simple words: Starting December 22nd, the sun's rays hit the Equator directly.

Exam Tip: The December solstice marks the point from which direct sunrays move northward from the Tropic of Capricorn.

 

Question 14. Makarsankranti is observed when the sun enters the .................... zodiac.
Answer: Makarsankranti is celebrated when the sun moves into the Capricorn zodiac sign.
In simple words: Makarsankranti happens when the sun moves into Capricorn.

Exam Tip: Link traditional festivals to astronomical events, like the sun's entry into specific zodiac signs.

 

Question 15. From .................... date onwards, the straight rays of the sun move from the Tropic of Cancer to the south of Equator.
Answer: From June 22nd, the sun's direct rays shift from the Tropic of Cancer towards the area south of the Equator.
In simple words: After June 22nd, direct sunlight moves from the Tropic of Cancer to the south of the Equator.

Exam Tip: The June solstice (around June 21-22) signifies the sun's northernmost direct rays; afterwards, they move southward.

 

Question 16. Celsius has been named after a .................... astronomer.
Answer: The Celsius temperature scale is named after a Swedish astronomer.
In simple words: Celsius got its name from a Swedish astronomer.

Exam Tip: Recognize the origins of scientific units and their naming conventions.

 

Question 17. One country where the sun is always on the overhead is ....................
Answer: Singapore is a country where the sun is frequently observed directly overhead.
In simple words: Singapore is a country where the sun is often right above.

Exam Tip: Countries located close to the Equator (like Singapore) experience the sun directly overhead at certain times of the year.

 

Question 18. One city where the sunlight remains till 8 o'clock in the evening is ....................
Answer: London is a city where sunlight often lasts until 8 o'clock in the evening.
In simple words: London is a city where it stays light until 8 PM.

Exam Tip: High-latitude cities experience longer daylight hours in summer.

 

Question 19. One country where the sun is seen even at 12 o'clock at night is ....................
Answer: Norway is a country where the sun can be seen even at midnight.
In simple words: In Norway, you can see the sun even at 12 AM.

Exam Tip: Connect the phenomenon of the "midnight sun" to countries in the Arctic Circle region like Norway.

 

Question 20. Uttarayan is also called ....................
Answer: Uttarayan is also commonly known as Makarsankranti.
In simple words: Uttarayan is another name for Makarsankranti.

Exam Tip: Know alternative names for important cultural festivals and astronomical events.

 

Fill in the Table
Fill in the table given below with the help of the calendar (Gujarati Panchang) showing the time of sunrise and sunset.
Answer: The table below provides approximate sunrise, sunset, and day length times for these dates.

In simple words: The table shows roughly when the sun comes up and goes down, and how long the day lasts, for each given date.

Exam Tip: Understand the general trend of daylight hours increasing towards summer and decreasing towards winter, with equal day/night during equinoxes.

 

Question 1. The imaginary axis of earth's rotation lies obliquely to the earth.
Answer: The Earth's imaginary axis of rotation is tilted relative to its orbital plane, not obliquely to the Earth itself.
In simple words: The earth's imaginary spin axis is tilted, but not crooked to the earth itself.

Exam Tip: Differentiate between Earth's axial tilt (obliquity) and the idea of its axis being skewed within the Earth's body.

 

Question 2. The earth completes on revolution in one day i.e. 24 hours.
Answer: The Earth completes one rotation in 24 hours, not one revolution.
In simple words: The earth spins once in 24 hours, but doesn't go around the sun in that time.

Exam Tip: Clearly distinguish between rotation (spinning on axis) and revolution (orbiting the sun).

 

Question 3. Rotation of earth: 1670 km/hour; Revolution of earth: 1760 km/min.
Answer: The rotation speed of Earth is 1670 km/hour, and its revolution speed is 1760 km/minute, both statements are correct.
In simple words: The earth spins at 1670 km/hour and orbits the sun at 1760 km/min, which is correct.

Exam Tip: Remember the approximate speeds for both Earth's rotation and revolution, and their respective units.

 

Question 4. The earth revolves around the sun, maintaining a fix distance throughout the year.
Answer: The Earth orbits the sun in an elliptical path, meaning its distance from the sun varies throughout the year, so it does not maintain a fixed distance.
In simple words: The earth goes around the sun, but not always at the same distance because its path is oval-shaped.

Exam Tip: Recall that Earth's elliptical orbit causes its distance from the sun to change, leading to perihelion and aphelion.

 

Question 5. If India = Day, Australia = Day and Brazil = Night.
Answer: When it is daytime in India, it is also daytime in Australia and nighttime in Brazil, which aligns with the time zones.
In simple words: If it's day in India, it's also day in Australia and night in Brazil, which is true.

Exam Tip: Understand how time zones work globally, especially relative to India's position.

 

Question 6. Earth's rotation is the reason for change in season.
Answer: The Earth's tilt and its revolution around the sun cause the change in seasons, not its rotation.
In simple words: Seasons change because of Earth's tilt and its journey around the sun, not its daily spin.

Exam Tip: Correctly identify the Earth's tilt and revolution as the primary causes of seasons.

 

Question 7. The north Hemisphere and the South Hemisphere face the sun simultaneously.
Answer: The Northern and Southern Hemispheres do not face the sun at the same time; one is tilted towards the sun while the other is tilted away.
In simple words: The north and south halves of Earth don't face the sun at the same moment; one leans toward it while the other leans away.

Exam Tip: Visualize Earth's axial tilt in relation to the sun to understand why hemispheres receive varying sunlight.

 

Question 8. Longest day comes in the month of December whereas shortest day in the month of June.
Answer: In the Northern Hemisphere, the longest day occurs in June and the shortest day occurs in December; the statement reverses this.
In simple words: The longest day is in June and the shortest in December for the Northern Hemisphere, so this statement is incorrect.

Exam Tip: Clearly recall the months for the longest and shortest days in your hemisphere of reference (usually Northern Hemisphere for most textbooks).

 

Question 9. The sun never sets near the Arctic circle between mid-May to July end.
Answer: Near the Arctic Circle, the sun remains above the horizon and does not set from the middle of May until the end of July, resulting in continuous daylight.
In simple words: Around the Arctic Circle, the sun doesn't go down from mid-May to late July, which is true.

Exam Tip: Understand that continuous daylight in polar regions during summer is due to Earth's axial tilt.

 

Question 10. People of London are lucky enough to get only slanted sun rays.
Answer: Due to London's latitude, its inhabitants receive only indirect or slanted sun rays, which is a factual statement.
In simple words: London's location means its people get only slanting sun rays, which is correct.

Exam Tip: Recognize that locations far from the Equator receive indirect (slanted) sunlight, which contributes to their climate.