GSEB Class 7 Social Science Solutions Chapter 19 બજાર

1. નીચેના પ્રશ્નોના ઉત્તર એક-બે વાક્યોમાં આપો:

Question 1. બજાર એટલે શંત્ર
Answer: A market is a **place** where shops selling various **items** are located. It is also a spot where both buyers and sellers **gather** together.
In simple words: A market is a **location** where goods are **sold**, and where both people who **buy** and people who **sell** things meet up.

Exam Tip: Define a market by focusing on its dual function as both a physical location for shops and a meeting point for buyers and sellers.

Question 2. ગુજરી બજારમાં વેપારીને સામાન્ય રીતે કેવા પ્રકારનો ખર્ચ થતો નથી?
Answer: In a Gujari Bazaar, a **seller** typically does not **incur** expenses such as shop rent, electricity bills, property tax, or employee **salaries**.
In simple words: In a Gujari Bazaar, sellers usually don't **pay** for things like shop rent, electricity, building tax, or worker **wages**.

Exam Tip: When describing the cost advantages of Gujari Bazaar, list specific overheads that are usually avoided by traders.

Question 3. નિયંત્રિત બજારની વ્યવસ્થા શા માટે કરવામાં આવી છે?
Answer: After India's independence, farmers **faced exploitation** because there was no **proper system** for selling agricultural produce. To **stop** this exploitation, the government **established** regulated markets, also called marketing yards (Agricultural Produce Market Committees).
In simple words: After independence, farmers were **taken advantage of** because there was no good way to **sell** their crops. So, the government **created** regulated markets to **protect** them.

Exam Tip: Explain the reason for regulated markets by highlighting the problem of farmer exploitation in the absence of a structured selling system.

Question 4. ખાદ્યપદાર્થોની ખરીદી વખતે કેવી કાળજી લેવી જોઈએ?
Answer: Food **items** should only be bought if they have the 'Agmark' and 'FSSAI' logos or **symbols**. Additionally, one should **carefully check** all details like packaging, company name, brand, batch number, manufacturing date, expiry date, and the list of **ingredients**.
In simple words: When buying food, **always look** for 'Agmark' and 'FSSAI' **marks**. Also, make sure to **check** the packaging, brand, **batch**, making date, expiry date, and **ingredients**.

Exam Tip: List both the essential certification marks (Agmark, FSSAI) and practical checks (packaging, dates, ingredients) to ensure a complete answer.

Question 5. ઉત્પાદકથી ગ્રાહક સુધી પહોંચતી વસ્તુમાં કોણ કોણ વળતર મેળવે છે?
Answer: In the **process** of goods moving from the **producer** to the **consumer**, every **person involved**, such as the farmer, **manufacturer**, trader, and those in transport services, **receives** some amount of **compensation**.
In simple words: When things **go** from the maker to the buyer, **everyone** who helps, like the farmer, **factory**, seller, and **delivery** people, gets some money for their **work**.

Exam Tip: Enumerate the key intermediaries in the supply chain (farmer, producer, trader, transport) who receive remuneration.

2. નીચેના પ્રશ્નોના મુદ્દાસર ઉત્તર આપો:

Question 1. બજારના પ્રકાર જણાવી સમજાવો.
Answer: The different **categories** of markets are: neighborhood markets, weekly or Gujari markets, large shopping complexes, shopping malls, regulated markets, and online markets.
Markets are **essential** for several reasons:
1. For consumers or **individuals** to purchase their daily necessities and luxury **items**.
2. For **merchants** to sell their goods.
3. For **producers** to sell the products they have manufactured.
4. For both small and large companies to **distribute** their various branded **products**.
5. For farmers to **sell** their agricultural **produce**.
6. For professionals to **acquire** items needed for their **work**.
In simple words: Markets can be found in **neighborhoods**, as weekly **gatherings**, in big shopping **centers**, malls, **regulated** places, or **online**. Markets are **needed** so people can **buy** what they need and **want**, shopkeepers can **sell** their items, makers can **get rid of** their goods, big and small companies can **sell** their different brands, farmers can **sell** their crops, and **workers** can buy tools for their **jobs**.

Exam Tip: When asked to explain market types and needs, ensure you list at least 5-6 different market categories and provide a clear, concise reason for the necessity of markets for different stakeholders.

Question 2. ગ્રાહક કોને કહેવાય? ગ્રાહકના અધિકારો જણાવો.
Answer: An **individual** who obtains goods or services for their **personal use** by making a payment to a trader, shopkeeper, institution, or another **person** is known as a 'consumer'.
Under the Consumer Protection Act of 1986, consumers **are granted** the following fundamental **rights**:
Right to Safety: According to this right, every consumer can **obtain protection** against the buying and selling of goods or services that are dangerous to their life and harmful to their health. If a **person** purchases an item and its use causes long-term damage to their health or life, they can **submit** a complaint against the seller under the Consumer Protection Act.
Right to Information: This right allows a consumer to **access** all necessary information about the goods or services they are purchasing.
Right to Choose: Under this right, a consumer can **examine** various types of goods and **select** the item that best suits their **preferences**.
Right to Representation: This right **permits** consumers to **present** their problems properly before consumer protection organizations that are associated with consumer interests.
Right to Redressal of Grievances: According to this right, a consumer can **obtain** resolution for complaints regarding faulty goods, deficient services, or harassment due to deception, and **receive appropriate** compensation for any damage suffered.
Right to Consumer Education: This right grants consumers the **ability** to receive proper consumer education to **stay informed** about all matters and products related to their **interests**.
In simple words: A 'consumer' is someone who **gets** goods or services for **themselves** by giving money to a shop, **company**, or another **person**. The Consumer Protection Act of 1986 **gives** consumers these important **rights**: **Right to Safety:** This right means you **get protection** from products or services that could hurt your health or life. If something you buy causes harm later, you can **complain** about the seller. **Right to Information:** You can **find out** all the important facts about things or services you are **buying**. **Right to Choose:** You can **look at many** different things and **pick** the one you like **best**. **Right to Representation:** You can **share** your problems with groups that **help** consumers. **Right to Redressal:** If you get bad goods, poor service, or are **cheated**, this right lets you get your **complaint fixed** and get fair money back for any **harm**. **Right to Consumer Education:** You have the right to **learn** about everything important for **consumers** so you can be smart about **buying** things.

Exam Tip: Define a consumer clearly and then list all six key consumer rights as per the Consumer Protection Act, providing a brief explanation for each.

Question 3. ખરીદી કરતી વખતે ગ્રાહકે કેવી સાવચેતી રાખવી જોઈએ? સમજાવો.
Answer: Consumers should take the following **precautions** when making a purchase:
• The consumer should **always insist** on taking an original GST bill at the time of **acquiring** any goods or services. This bill, **obtained** from the seller, should be **retained** for an appropriate **duration**.
• For large purchases, especially electrical or electronic appliances, **one should prefer** buying 'ISI' marked products. Carefully **obtain** and keep the seller's signed guarantee card, warranty card, and free service **vouchers**.
• Gold and silver ornaments should only be purchased if they are hallmarked. Without being swayed by a trader's **tempting offers** to save tax, one should always **insist** on a proper bill. In the bill, **verify** whether all details such as the purity, price, and making charges of the ornaments are clearly **listed** separately.
• Food items should **always** be purchased with 'Agmark' and 'FSSAI' logos or **symbols**. One should **examine** all details of these products, such as price, packaging, company, brand name, batch number, manufacturing date, net weight, expiry date, and ingredients. In case of **adulteration**, a complaint must be filed **without fail**.
• Medicines should be **verified** with the prescription. Check the manufacturing date and expiry date of **all** medicines. If generic medicines are **available**, it is advisable to **choose** them.
• When buying ready-made clothes, **inspect** its fabric, color, stitching, embroidery, and size **carefully**.
• Check the seal and weight of gas cylinders. In a rickshaw or taxi, **ensure** the meter is set to zero before you **begin your journey**. When filling petrol or diesel in a vehicle, **confirm** that the pump indicator shows '0000' zero meter reading. Also, when **obtaining** kerosene, insist on purchasing it only after the foam has settled in the measuring cup and it is completely **filled**.
• When enrolling one's **children** in school, obtain details about the school's safety arrangements and the educational **credentials** of the teachers. Always **secure** a valid receipt for the tuition fees **paid**.
• Understand the terms and conditions of life insurance and vehicle insurance policies, and **make sure to get** and keep the original policy **documents** safe.
• Consumers should not be **tempted** by misleading advertisements like gift coupons, prizes, or discounts, and should not make unnecessary or incorrect purchases **out of trend** or from "sales." They should only buy items **sufficient** for their actual needs. Consumers should be **cautious** not to purchase duplicate or low-quality goods. If cheated during a purchase, they should **inform** others through newspapers so that other people can avoid being **defrauded**.
In simple words: Always **ask** for the original GST bill when you **buy** anything and keep it safe. For big purchases, especially electronics, **look** for 'ISI' marks and **get** and keep the signed guarantee, warranty, and free service cards. Only buy hallmarked gold and silver jewelry, and **get** a proper bill showing purity, price, and making charges. Always buy food with 'Agmark' and 'FSSAI' **marks** and check all product details; if it's **adulterated**, you must **report** it. Always **check** medicines against your prescription and look at the make and expiry dates; if generic medicines are **there**, try to buy **those**. When buying clothes, **check** the cloth, color, stitching, patterns, and size. Check gas cylinder seals and weight. In a taxi, **make sure** the meter is at zero. When getting petrol or diesel, **see** the pump meter is '0000'. For kerosene, **ask** for a full, foam-free measure. When putting your **child** in school, **find out** about safety and teacher qualifications, and always **get** a receipt for fees **paid**. **Understand** your life and car insurance rules, then **get** and save the original papers. Don't be **fooled** by gift cards or sales; only buy what you **really need**. Be careful not to buy fake or bad **quality** stuff. If you get **cheated**, tell others through newspapers to **help** them.

Exam Tip: This question requires a comprehensive answer. Provide at least 8-10 distinct precautions, covering various aspects of consumer purchases from billing to product quality and ethical considerations.

Question 4. કાપડની ઉત્પાદન-પ્રક્રિયાને વર્ણવો.
Answer: First, cotton seeds are **planted** in the field. After about four months of **planting**, with proper care including weeding, fertilizing, and watering, large cotton bolls **develop** on the cotton plants.
White cotton is **picked** from the bolls, and then **bales are made** and stored at home. After this, the entire quantity of cotton is **transported** to a nearby marketing yard for sale. The trader at the marketing yard **purchases** the cotton and sells it to the owner of a nearby ginning mill. In the gin, cottonseeds are separated from the cotton and **sold** to oil manufacturers. The owner of the ginning mill then prepares uniform bales of cotton, which are **then sold** to the owner of a spinning mill that produces yarn. The owner of the textile mill manufactures cloth from the yarn and **sends** the fabric rolls to a dyeing mill for coloring. This fabric is then cut into various sizes and **stitched** in garment factories. Shirts, pants, children's clothes, and other outfits are **prepared**, labeled, and packed into boxes. These boxes of garments are **supplied** to wholesale traders for international trade or the domestic market. These wholesalers then sell the boxes to retail traders. Consumers purchase their desired clothing from the retail traders' showrooms. This is how clothing is manufactured from raw materials and sold in the market.
In simple words: Cotton seeds are first **sown** in fields. After around four months, with **good care** like weeding and watering, big cotton bolls **grow** on the plants. White cotton is **picked** from the bolls, **baled**, and stored. Then it goes to a marketing yard for **sale**. A trader buys it and sells it to a ginning mill. There, cottonseeds are **removed** and sold for oil. The ginning mill owner makes cotton bales and sells them to a spinning mill for **yarn**. A textile mill makes **cloth** from yarn, which is then dyed. Garment factories cut and **sew** the cloth into clothes like shirts and pants, which are then labeled and packed. These packed clothes are sold to **wholesalers** for export or local markets. Wholesalers sell to **retailers**, and finally, customers buy clothes from retail **stores**. This is how raw cotton becomes clothes in the market.

Exam Tip: When describing a production process, break it down into sequential steps, starting from the raw material and ending with the finished product reaching the consumer. Use clear, simple language for each stage.

3. નીચેના વિધાનો ખરાં છે કે ખોટાં તે સામે આપેલ 3 ()માં / કે Xની નિશાનીથી દર્શાવોઃ

Question 1. ગુજરી બજારમાં મોટા દુકાનદારોને રોજગારી મળી રહે છે. (X).
Answer: Large shopkeepers find employment in Gujari Bazaar. (False)
In simple words: Big shop owners get jobs in Gujari Bazaar. (False)

Exam Tip: For true/false questions, quickly recall the characteristics of the mentioned concept. Gujari Bazaar is typically for small, informal traders.

Question 2. જથ્થાબંધ માલસામાન વેચનાર વેપારીને છૂટક વેપારી કહે છે. (X).
Answer: The merchant who sells wholesale goods is called a retail merchant. (False)
In simple words: The seller of big bulk goods is called a small shop seller. (False)

Exam Tip: Differentiate clearly between wholesale (selling in bulk) and retail (selling directly to consumers in smaller quantities).

Question 3. ગ્રાહકના હકો અને હિતોના રક્ષણ માટે ગ્રાહક સુરક્ષા મંડળમાં રજૂઆત કરવાનો ગ્રાહકને અધિકાર છે. (√)
Answer: The consumer has the right to make **complaints** to the Consumer Protection Forum for the **safety** of consumer rights and interests. (True)
In simple words: Consumers can **report** issues to consumer protection groups to **safeguard** their rights. (True)

Exam Tip: Remember that consumer protection bodies are specifically designed to address consumer grievances and protect their rights.

4. મને ઓળખો:

Question 1. (1) IST I.S.I. “આઈ.એસ.આઈ.’
Answer: I.S.I. Mark
In simple words: ISI Mark

Exam Tip: Recognise common quality certification marks and their full forms, as they are important for consumer awareness.

Question 2. (2) fssa ‘એફ.એસ.એસ.એ.આઈ.’
Answer: F.S.S.A.I. Mark
In simple words: FSSAI Mark

Exam Tip: Recognise common quality certification marks and their full forms, as they are important for consumer awareness.

Question 3. (3) ‘વૂલમાર્ક
Answer: Woolmark
In simple words: Woolmark

Exam Tip: Recognise common quality certification marks and their full forms, as they are important for consumer awareness.

Question 4. (4) ‘એગમાર્ક’
Answer: Agmark
In simple words: Agmark

Exam Tip: Recognise common quality certification marks and their full forms, as they are important for consumer awareness.

Question 5. (5) ‘માંસાહારી ખાદ્યસામગ્રીની નિશાની' (લાલ રંગ)
Answer: Mark for non-vegetarian food **products** (red color)
In simple words: Red mark for non-veg food **items**

Exam Tip: Recognise common quality certification marks and their full forms, as they are important for consumer awareness.

5. ખાલી જગ્યા પૂરો:

Question 1. કોઈ એક નિશ્ચિત દિવસે જ - વતી હોય તેવી બજારને બજાર કહે છે.
Answer: A market that **operates** only on a specific day is called a **weekly** market.
In simple words: A market that **opens** only on one specific day is a **weekly** market.

Exam Tip: For fill-in-the-blank questions, identify keywords in the sentence that point to the correct term (e.g., "specific day" indicates "weekly").

Question 2. ખેડતોની ખેતપેદાશોનું જાહેર હરાજીથી વેચાણ માં થાય છે.
Answer: The public auction of farmers' agricultural produce **takes place** in a regulated market (marketing yard).
In simple words: Farmers sell their crops by **public auction** in a regulated market or **marketing yard**.

Exam Tip: Remember the specific term "regulated market" or "marketing yard" for where agricultural produce is publicly auctioned.

Question 3. સોના-ચાંદીના દાગીના માકવાળા જ ખરીદવા જોઈએ.
Answer: Gold and silver ornaments should only be purchased if they are **hallmarked**.
In simple words: Gold and silver jewelry should always be **hallmarked**.

Exam Tip: The term "hallmarked" is crucial for ensuring the purity and quality of gold and silver ornaments.

Question 4. કાપડના ઉત્પાદન માટેનો કાચો માલ છે.
Answer: The raw material for cloth **manufacturing** is cotton.
In simple words: Cotton is the **main material** for making **cloth**.

Exam Tip: Identify the primary raw material used in the production of textiles.

Question 5. વર્તમાન સમયમાં સમગ્ર વિશ્વ એક છે.
Answer: In the present time, the **entire** world is considered one global **market**.
In simple words: Now, the whole world acts like one big **market**.

Exam Tip: Understand the concept of globalization where the world functions as a single interconnected economic entity or market.