GSEB Class 7 Sanskrit Solutions Chapter 1 प्रहेलिकाः

प्रहेलिकाः स्वाध्यायः

 

Question 1. કૌંસમાંથી યોગ્ય શબ્દ પસંદ કરી પ્રશ્નોના ઉત્તર લખો :
(i) क्षाग्रवासी कः अस्ति? (लेखनी, नारिकेलः)
(ii) का स्त्री देहविवर्जिता अस्ति? (छोटिका, लेखनी)
(iii) का कृष्णमुखी अस्ति? (छोटिका, लेखनी)
(iv) कः परपादेन गच्छति? (नारिकेलः, पादरक्षकः)
(v) कस्तूरी कस्मात् जायते? (सिंहात्, मृगात्)
Answer:
(i) नारिकेलः वृक्षाग्रवासी अस्ति। (A coconut is a tree dweller).
(ii) छोटिका देहविवर्जिता अस्ति। (A snap of the fingers is without a body).
(iii) लेखनी कृष्णमुखी अस्ति। (A pen has a black face).
(iv) पादरक्षकः परपादेन गच्छति। (A shoe walks with another's feet).
(v) कस्तूरी मृगात् जायते। (Musk is born from a deer).
In simple words: This section asks you to choose the correct word from brackets and answer five riddles in Sanskrit. Each answer identifies the object or being that fits the riddle's description.

Exam Tip: For riddles, carefully read the description and consider all given options. The key is to match the unique characteristics provided in the riddle with the correct object.

 

Question 2. યોગ્ય જોડકાં જોડો :

Answer:
(१) त्रिनेत्रधारी - नारिकेलः। (One with three eyes - coconut)
(२) नरनारीसमुत्पन्ना - छोटिका। (Born from man and woman - snap of fingers)
(३) पञ्चभर्ती - लेखनी। (Having five husbands - pen)
(४) शिलाभक्षी - पादरक्षकः। (Stone-eater - shoe)
(५) कातरः युद्धे - पलायनं करोति। (Coward in battle - flees)
In simple words: Match each description in column 'A' with the correct Sanskrit word from column 'B'. This helps connect characteristics with the things they describe in these riddles.

Exam Tip: Understand the meaning of each word or phrase in the riddles to correctly identify its matching pair. Sanskrit riddles often use figurative language.

 

Question 3. નીચેના ઉદાહરણ મુજબ અન્ય શબ્દો બનાવો :
उदाहरणम्: वृक्षवासी – वनवासी, गृहवासी, स्वर्गवासी
1. शूलपाणिः -
2. त्रिनेत्रधारी –
3. शिलाभक्षी -
4. दन्तहीनः –
Answer:
1. शूलपाणिः – चक्रपाणिः, शस्त्रपाणिः, शङ्खपाणिः, कमलपाणिः
2. त्रिनेत्रधारी – श्वेतवस्त्रधारी, गौरमुखधारी, रक्तमुखधारी, हास्यमुखधारी
3. शिलाभक्षी – वातभक्षी, फलभक्षी, अन्नभक्षी, सर्पभक्षी
4. दन्तहीनः – नेत्रहीनः, वाणीहीनः, बुद्धिहीनः, गुणहीनः
In simple words: This activity asks you to create similar compound words. Starting with a given word, you need to think of other words that follow the same grammatical structure or meaning pattern. For instance, just as 'वृक्षवासी' means 'dwelling in a tree', 'वनवासी' means 'dwelling in a forest'.

Exam Tip: To do well in word formation, identify the common suffix or prefix and apply it consistently with other relevant base words. Understanding the root meaning helps a lot.

 

Question 4. નીચેની પંક્તિઓનું ઉદાહરણમાં દર્શાવ્યા મુજબ પ્તિ, નાસ્તિનો ઉપયોગ કરી લેખન કરો :
1. वृक्षाग्रवासी न च पक्षिराजः –
2. त्रिनेत्रधारी न च शूलपाणिः -
3. त्वग्वस्त्रधारी न च सिद्धयोगी -
4. कृष्णमुखी न मार्जारी –
5. द्विजिह्वा न च सर्पिणी -
6. पञ्चभर्ती न पाञ्चाली –
Answer:
1. वृक्षाग्रवासी न च पक्षिराजः – वृक्षाग्रवासी अस्ति किन्तु पक्षिराजः नास्ति।
2. त्रिनेत्रधारी न च शूलपाणिः – त्रिनेत्रधारी अस्ति किन्तु शूलपाणिः नास्ति।
3. त्वग्वस्त्रधारी न च सिद्धयोगी – त्वग्वस्त्रधारी अस्ति किन्तु सिद्धयोगी नास्ति।
4. कृष्णमुखी न मार्जारी – कृष्णमुखी अस्ति किन्तु मार्जारी नास्ति।
5. द्विजिह्वा न च सर्पिणी – द्विजिह्वा अस्ति किन्तु सर्पिणी नास्ति।
6. पञ्चभी न पाञ्चाली – पञ्चभी अस्ति किन्तु पाञ्चाली नास्ति।
In simple words: You need to rewrite each phrase into a complete Sanskrit sentence. The rule is to state that the subject 'is' something, but 'is not' something else, using 'अस्ति' (is) and 'नास्ति' (is not) along with 'किन्तु' (but).

Exam Tip: Practice forming sentences using 'अस्ति' and 'नास्ति'. Ensure the negative particle 'न' is placed correctly before the verb or noun it negates to maintain grammatical accuracy.

 

Question 5. આવી અન્ય પ્રહેલિકાઓ કે જે તમારા વિસ્તારમાં બોલાતી હોય તે શોધો અને વર્ગમાં કહો.
Answer: Students should look for other riddles that are popular in their local area or culture. These riddles can be shared and discussed in class. The purpose of this exercise is to explore the diversity of traditional riddles and understand how different cultures use them for entertainment and learning. Sharing these riddles helps students connect their classroom learning with real-world cultural practices. It also encourages critical thinking and linguistic skills as they try to solve or explain the riddles.
In simple words: You need to find and share other riddles from your local community in class. This helps you learn about different cultures and practice your language skills.

Exam Tip: When sharing riddles, make sure to clearly state the riddle and its answer. Explaining the logic behind the riddle will also show a deeper understanding.

 

Question 1. નીચેના પ્રત્યેક પ્રશ્નનો ઉત્તર સંસ્કૃતમાં અને ગુજરાતીમાં એક વાક્યમાં આપોઃ
(i) प्रश्न 1. पक्षिराजः कः अस्ति?
(ii) प्रश्न 2. त्रिनेत्रधारी कः अस्ति?
(iii) प्रश्न 3. शूलपाणिः कः अस्ति?
(iv) प्रश्न 4. त्वग्वस्त्रधारी कः अस्ति?
(v) पञ्चभी का अस्ति?
Answer:
(i) गरुडः पक्षिराजः अस्ति। ગરુડ પક્ષીરાજ (પક્ષીઓનો રાજા) છે. (Garuda is the king of birds. Garuda is the king of birds.)
(ii) भगवान् शङ्करः त्रिनेत्रधारी अस्ति। ભગવાન શંકર ત્રિનેત્રધારી છે. (Lord Shiva has three eyes. Lord Shankar is the three-eyed one.)
(iii) शूलपाणिः भगवान् शङ्करः अस्ति। શૂલપાણિ (ત્રિશૂલ ધારણ કરનારા) ભગવાન શંકર છે. (Shulapani is Lord Shankar. Shulapani (one who holds a trident) is Lord Shankar.)
(iv) त्वग्वस्त्रधारी सिद्धयोगी अस्ति। ત્વગવસ્ત્રધારી અર્થાત ઝાડની છાલનું વસ્ત્ર ધારણ કરનાર (સાધુ) સિદ્ધયોગી છે. (Tvagvastradhari is a Siddhayogi. One who wears tree bark (a sage) is a Siddhayogi.)
(v) पाञ्चाली द्रौपदी पञ्चभर्तृका अस्ति। પાંચાલદેશની રાજકુમારી દ્રોપદી પંચભત્રી (યુધિષ્ઠિર, ભીમ, અર્જુન, સહદેવ અને નકુળ એ નામના પાંચ પતિઓવાળી) છે. (Panchali Draupadi has five husbands. Draupadi, the princess of Panchala, has five husbands (Yudhishthira, Bhima, Arjuna, Sahadeva, and Nakula).)
In simple words: This section provides answers to questions about different mythical figures and their descriptions, given in both Sanskrit and Gujarati. It helps you understand who these figures are and their key features.

Exam Tip: When translating from Sanskrit to Gujarati, focus on conveying the core meaning accurately. Pay attention to noun-verb agreement and case endings for precise translation.

 

Question 2. પ્રચલિત અન્ય પ્રહેલિકાઓ (ઉખાણાં)
(i) प्रश्न 1. पर्वताग्रे रथो याति भूमौ तिष्ठति सारथिः। चलति वायुवेगेन पदमेकं न गच्छति।।
અનુવાદઃ પર્વતની ટોચ ઉપર રથ જાય છે; સારથિ જમીન ઉપર ઊભો છે; તે વાયુવેગે ચાલે છે પણ એક પગલું પણ જતો નથી!
(ii) प्रश्न 2. तुरोऽहं प्रथमं हित्वा चरोऽस्मि मध्यमं विना। आदिमध्यान्तिमैर्युक्तः को भवामि वदन्तु भोः।।
અનુવાદ: પહેલાને છોડીને હું “તુર” છું; મધ્યમ વિના હું “ચર” છું, તો આદિ, મધ્ય અને અંતિમ સાથે હું કોણ છું? કહો.
(iii) प्रश्न 3. चतुष्पादो द्विहस्तश्च सदा विश्रामदायकः। ममार्थं कलहायन्ते संसारेऽस्मिन् हि मानवाः।।
અનુવાદઃ હું ચાર પગવાળી, બે હાથવાળી અને હંમેશાં આરામ આપનારી છું. મારા માટે સંસારમાં માણસો ઝઘડી રહ્યા છે.
(iv) प्रश्न 4. न तस्यादिः न तस्यान्तः मध्ये यः तस्य तिष्ठति। तवाप्यस्ति ममाप्यस्ति यदि जानासि तद् वद।।
અનુવાદઃ તેનો આરંભ (શરૂઆત) નથી કે તેનો અંત પણ નથી. જે તેની મધ્યમાં રહે છે. (જે) તારે પણ છે અને મારે પણ છે. જો તું જાણે છે? તો કહે? (તે કોણ?)
Answer:
(i) ઉત્તર : કુંભારનો ચાકડો (Potter's wheel)
(ii) ઉત્તર : ચતુર (Clever/Smart)
(iii) ઉત્તરઃ ખુરશી (Chair)
(iv) ઉત્તર : આંખો (Eyes)
In simple words: This section gives various riddles in Sanskrit, along with their Gujarati translations. The answers reveal common objects or concepts that fit the clever descriptions.

Exam Tip: For riddles, read the translation carefully and think about objects that possess all the described characteristics. Sometimes, the answer plays on words or common associations.

 

Question 3. નીચેના પ્રશ્નોના ઉત્તર ગુજરાતીમાં આપોઃ
(i) प्रश्न 1. મહાદેવ શંકરને કેટલાં નેત્રો છે?
(ii) प्रश्न 2. 'છોટિા' ક્યા ગુણો રહેલા છે?
(iii) प्रश्न 3. જોડો શેનાથી યુક્ત હોવા છતાં પારકા પગે ચાલે છે?
(iv) प्रश्न 4. કોણ કાળા મુખવાળી છે? પણ બિલાડી નથી?
Answer:
(i) ઉત્તરઃ મહાદેવ શંકરને ત્રણ નેત્રો છે. (Lord Shiva has three eyes.)
(ii) ઉત્તરઃ ચપટીમાં આ ગુણો રહેલા છે કે તે સ્ત્રી નર અને નારીથી જન્મેલી છે છતાં શરીર વગરની છે. તેને મોં ન હોવા છતાં તે અવાજ કરે છે અને જન્મતાંવેંત જ નાશ પામે છે. (The qualities of a snap are that it is born from a man and a woman, yet it is without a body. It makes a sound even without a mouth and perishes as soon as it is born.)
(iii) ઉત્તર : જોડો ગુણરૂપી દોરીથી યુક્ત હોવા છતાં પારકા પગે ચાલે છે. (A pair of shoes, though made of threads, walks on another's feet.)
(iv) ઉત્તરઃ કલમ કાળા મુખવાળી છે, પણ બિલાડી નથી. (A pen has a black face, but it is not a cat.)
In simple words: This section provides answers to simple questions in Gujarati. It covers facts about Lord Shiva's eyes, the characteristics of a finger snap, how shoes move, and what has a black face but isn't a cat.

Exam Tip: For descriptive answers, make sure to address all parts of the question. Provide clear and concise explanations using the information from the text.

 

Question 4. નીચેના દરેક પ્રશ્નના ઉત્તર માટે આપેલા વિકલ્પોમાંથી સાચો વિકલ્પ શોધોઃ
(i) प्रश्न 1. जलं बिभ्रत् कः अस्ति?
(a) घटः
(b) मेघः
(c) नारिकेलः
(d) नरः
Answer: (c) नारिकेलः
In simple words: The question asks "Who carries water?". The answer is a coconut, as it contains water.

Exam Tip: Think about objects that commonly contain water in a natural context. Coconuts are known for holding water.

 

Question 2. पक्षिराजः कः अस्ति?
(a) गृध्रः
(b) गरुडः
(c) शकुनः
(d) शकुन्तः
Answer: (b) गरुडः
In simple words: The question asks "Who is the king of birds?". The answer is Garuda, a mythical bird known as the king of all birds.

Exam Tip: Recall traditional stories or mythology to identify known figures. Garuda is a prominent figure in Hindu texts, often associated with royalty among birds.

 

Question 3. का स्त्री नरनारीसमुत्पन्ना वर्तते?
(a) बालिका
(b) छोटिका
(c) लेखनी
(d) शिला
Answer: (b) छोटिका
In simple words: The question asks "Which female is born from a man and a woman?". The answer, a snap of the fingers (छोटिका), is produced by combining a thumb (male) and finger (female).

Exam Tip: This is a riddle-like question. Consider actions or sounds that are 'born' from the interaction of male and female elements, often in a metaphorical sense.

 

Question 4. का जातमात्रा विनश्यति?
(a) वाणी
(b) छोटिका
(c) कस्तूरी
(d) सुगन्धिः।
Answer: (b) छोटिका
In simple words: The question asks "What perishes as soon as it is born?". The answer is a snap of the fingers, as its sound ends immediately after being made.

Exam Tip: Focus on things that have a very brief existence or effect. The sudden, short nature of a finger snap fits this description perfectly.

 

Question 5. दन्तैर्हीनः शिलाभक्षी कः अस्ति?
(a) स्थविरः
(b) मूर्खः
(c) उपानह (पादरक्षकः)
(d) चञ्चलः पुरुषः
Answer: (c) उपानह (पादरक्षकः)
In simple words: The question asks "What is toothless yet eats stones?". The answer is a shoe, as it has no teeth but walks over and breaks small stones.

Exam Tip: Consider the literal and metaphorical meanings. A shoe (उपानह) is toothless but metaphorically "eats" stones as it wears them down or steps on them.

 

Question 6. कः करिणां कुलं हन्ति?
(a) ईश्वरः
(b) मृगेन्द्रः (सिंहः)
(c) महीशः
(d) महिषः
Answer: (b) मृगेन्द्रः (सिंहः)
In simple words: The question asks "Who kills a herd of elephants?". The answer is a lion (सिंहः), known as the king of animals.

Exam Tip: Recognize common animal associations and their roles in the wild. Lions are predators capable of hunting large prey like elephants, especially in a herd context.

 

Question 7. कापुरुषः युद्धे किं करोति?
(a) तालीवादनम्
(b) पलायनम्
(c) गानम्
(d) अवलोकनम्
Answer: (b) पलायनम्
In simple words: The question asks "What does a coward do in battle?". The answer is to flee (पलायनम्), as a coward is afraid to fight.

Exam Tip: Understand the characteristics of a 'coward' (कापुरुषः). Their defining action in a fight is to run away.

 

Question 8. कस्तूरी मृगात् जायते।
(a) लेखनी
(b) छोटिका
(c) कस्तूरी
(d) नारिकेलः
Answer: (c) कस्तूरी
In simple words: The sentence states "___ is born from a deer". The correct word to fill the blank is musk (कस्तूरी), which is obtained from the musk deer.

Exam Tip: This is a direct factual question related to natural resources. Knowing the source of musk helps in answering correctly.

 

Question 9. કોણ વૃક્ષના આગળના ભાગમાં રહે છે?
(a) વાદળ
(b) મોર
(c) બિલાડી
(d) નાળિયેર
Answer: (d) નાળિયેર
In simple words: The question asks "Who lives at the top of a tree?". The answer is a coconut (નાળિયેર), which grows high up on palm trees.

Exam Tip: Consider which of the given options is an actual fruit or object found at the top of a tree.

 

Question 10. सः वृक्षाग्रवासी अस्ति न च _______ अस्ति।
(a) शूलपाणिः
(b) सिद्धयोगी
(c) त्रिनेत्रधारी
(d) पक्षिराजः
Answer: (d) पक्षिराजः
In simple words: The sentence states "He lives at the top of a tree but is not a ___". The correct word to fill the blank is the king of birds (पक्षिराजः), referring to a coconut which is on a tree but not a bird king.

Exam Tip: Complete the sentence logically based on the riddle's characteristics. A tree-dweller that isn't a bird king points to something like a coconut.

 

Question 11. 'ત્રિશૂલ ધારણ કરનાર' શબ્દનો સંસ્કૃત શબ્દ શોધીને લખો.
(a) चक्रपाणिः
(b) शूलपाणिः
(c) पिनाकपाणिः
(d) पद्मपाणिः
Answer: (b) शूलपाणिः
In simple words: The question asks for the Sanskrit word meaning "one who holds a trident". The answer is Shulapani, a name for Lord Shiva.

Exam Tip: Understand Sanskrit compound words. 'शूल' means trident and 'पाणि' means hand, so 'शूलपाणि' correctly translates to 'one who holds a trident in hand'.

 

Question 12. ‘બિલાડી' શબ્દનો સંસ્કૃત શબ્દ શોધીને લખો.
(a) सर्पिणी
(b) कृष्णमुखी
(c) द्विजिह्वा
(d) मार्जारी
Answer: (d) मार्जारी
In simple words: The question asks for the Sanskrit word for "cat". The answer is Marjari.

Exam Tip: Learn common animal names in Sanskrit. 'मार्जारी' is the direct Sanskrit term for a female cat.

 

Question 13. कः परपादेन गच्छति?
(a) छोटिका
(b) नारिकेलः
(c) उपानह (पादरक्षकः)
(d) लेखनी
Answer: (c) उपानह (पादरक्षकः)
In simple words: The question asks "Who walks with another's feet?". The answer is a shoe, which is worn on feet and thus moves with the wearer's steps.

Exam Tip: Interpret the riddle's meaning carefully. 'Parapadena' means 'by another's feet', which directly applies to footwear.

 

Question 5. કૌસમાં આપેલા શબ્દોમાંથી યોગ્ય શબ્દ પસંદ કરી ખાલી જગ્યા પૂરોઃ
(i) त्रिनेत्रधारी _______। (चक्रपाणिः, शूलपाणिः)
(ii) अमुखी _______ कुरुते। (शब्दम्, कलहम्)
(iii) सा _______ अस्ति, परं सर्पिणी न अस्ति। (द्विअक्ष्णा, द्विजिह्वा)
(iv) सः निर्जीवः अपि _______ वर्तते। (बहुभाषकः, बहुलेखकः)
(v) सिंहः हन्ति करिणां _______। (करिणां, करिषु)
(vi) कातरः युद्धे पलायनं _______। (करोति, कुर्यात्)
Answer:
(i) त्रिनेत्रधारी शूलपाणिः। (The three-eyed one is Shulapani.)
(ii) अमुखी शब्दम् कुरुते। (The mouthless one makes a sound.)
(iii) सा द्विजिह्वा अस्ति, परं सर्पिणी न अस्ति। (She has two tongues, but is not a serpent.)
(iv) सः निर्जीवः अपि बहुभाषकः वर्तते। (He is lifeless yet a great talker.)
(v) सिंहः हन्ति करिणां कुलम्। (The lion kills a herd of elephants.)
(vi) कातरः युद्धे पलायनं करोति। (A coward flees in battle.)
In simple words: This exercise requires you to complete sentences by choosing the correct word from the options given in brackets. Each completed sentence refers to a characteristic or action related to the riddles.

Exam Tip: Read the entire sentence and the context of the riddles to select the most appropriate word. Ensure the chosen word fits both grammatically and logically.

 

Question 6. નીચે આપેલાં સાચાં વાક્યોની સામે [ ✔ ] ની અને ખોટાં વાક્યોની સામે [ X ] ની નિશાની કરોઃ
(i) वृक्षाधवासी सः पक्षिराजः अस्ति।
(ii) नरनारीसमुत्पन्ना सा स्त्री देहविवर्जिता अस्ति।
(iii) जातमात्रा सा न विनश्यति।
(iv) કલમને પકડનારાં પાંચ આંગળાં તેનાં પાંચ પતિ છે।
(v) કસ્તુરી મૃગના મુખમાં ઉત્પન્ન થાય છે।
(vi) कातरः युद्धे पलायनं करोति।
(vii) સિંહ હાથીઓના ટોળાંને હણી નાંખે છે।
Answer:
(i) वृक्षाग्रवासी सः पक्षिराजः अस्ति। [ X ] (One who dwells at the top of a tree is a king of birds. - False, it's a coconut.)
(ii) नरनारीसमुत्पन्ना सा स्त्री देhविवर्जिता अस्ति। [ ✔ ] (A woman born from a man and woman is bodiless. - True, refers to a snap.)
(iii) जातमात्रा सा न विनश्यति। [ X ] (She does not perish as soon as she is born. - False, a snap perishes instantly.)
(iv) કલમને પકડનારાં પાંચ આંગળાં તેનાં પાંચ પતિ છે। [ ✔ ] (The five fingers holding a pen are its five husbands. - True.)
(v) કસ્તુરી મૃગના મુખમાં ઉત્પન્ન થાય છે। [ X ] (Musk is produced in the mouth of a deer. - False, it's produced in a gland.)
(vi) कातरः युद्धे पलायनं करोति। [ ✔ ] (A coward flees in battle. - True.)
(vii) સિંહ હાથીઓના ટોળાંને હણી નાંખે છે। [ ✔ ] (A lion kills herds of elephants. - True.)
In simple words: This section asks you to mark statements as true (✔) or false (X). You need to use your knowledge of the riddles and general facts to correctly identify whether each statement is accurate or not.

Exam Tip: Carefully read each statement and refer back to the context of the riddles or general knowledge. Pay attention to specific details that might make a statement true or false.

 

Question 7. નીચેના “અ′ વિભાગ અને “આ′ વિભાગનાં વાક્યાંશોને યોગ્ય રીતે જોડો :

Answer:
(१) त्वग्वस्त्रधारी - (३) न च सिद्धयोगी। (One wearing bark clothes - but not a Siddhayogi.)
(२) जलं च बिभ्रन् - (१) न घटो न मेघः। (One carrying water - but not a pot or a cloud.)
(३) कृष्णमुखी न मार्जारी - (२) द्विजिह्वा न च सर्पिणी। (One with a black face but not a cat - has two tongues but not a serpent.)
In simple words: Match the phrases from column 'A' with their correct continuations or descriptions in column 'B'. This helps connect the first part of a riddle with its complementary second part.

Exam Tip: Understand the characteristics of each riddle to correctly match its parts. Many riddles present two contrasting traits to describe an object indirectly.

 

Question 8. નીચે આપેલા ગુજરાતી શબ્દોના સંસ્કૃત અર્થ લખો :
1. ધડો -
2. વાદળ –
3. બિલાડી –
4. પતિ, સ્વામી –
5. હાથી -
6. દાંત -
7. દ્રોપદી -
8. ધારણ કરનાર -
9. ઝાડની છાલ –
10. પથ્થર –
Answer:
1. ધડો – कुम्भः
2. વાદળ – मेघः, अम्भोदः, जलदः
3. બિલાડી – मार्जारी
4. પતિ, સ્વામી – भर्ता
5. હાથી – करी, गजः, हस्ती
6. દાંત – दन्तः, रदनः
7. દ્રોપદી – पाञ्चाली, द्रौपदी, कृष्णा
8. ધારણ કરનાર – विभ्रन्
9. ઝાડની છાલ – त्वक्
10. પથ્થર – शिला
In simple words: You need to provide the Sanskrit equivalent for each given Gujarati word. This practice helps expand your Sanskrit vocabulary.

Exam Tip: Memorize common Sanskrit vocabulary, especially nouns and adjectives. Knowing synonyms in Sanskrit can also be beneficial for this type of question.

 

Question 9. નીચે આપેલા સંસ્કૃત શબ્દોના સમાનાર્થી શબ્દો લખો:
1. घटः -
2. पाणिः -
3. सर्पः -
4. स्त्री –
5. नेत्र -
6. करी –
7. जिह्वा -
8. पादः -
Answer:
1. घटः – कुम्भः, कलशः
2. पाणिः – करः, हस्तः
3. सर्पः – भुजङ्गः, नागः
4. स्त्री – नारी, महिला
5. नेत्र – लोचन, अक्षि
6. करी – गजः, हस्ती
7. जिह्वा – रसन
8. पादः – पदः, चरणः
In simple words: For each Sanskrit word given, you need to list its synonyms. This helps in understanding the richness of the Sanskrit language and different ways to express the same idea.

Exam Tip: Familiarize yourself with common Sanskrit synonyms. This not only helps in answering directly but also improves comprehension of texts with varied vocabulary.

 

Question 10. નીચેના શ્વોકો કંઠસ્થ કરો:
1. वृक्षाग्रवासी घटो न मेघः।।
2. नरनारीसमुत्पन्ना विनश्यति।।
3. कृष्णमुखी न सः पण्डितः।।
Answer: The following are the complete verses that combine the riddle and its characteristics:
4. वृक्षाग्रवासी न च पक्षिराजः त्रिनेत्रधारी न च शूलपाणिः। त्वग्वस्त्रधारी न च सिद्धयोगी जलं च बिभ्रन्न घटो न मेघः।।
5. नरनारीसमुत्पन्ना सा स्त्री देहविवर्जिता। अमुखी कुरुते शब्दं जातमात्रा विनश्यति।।
6. कृष्णमुखी न मार्जारी द्विजिह्वा न च सर्पिणी। पञ्चभी न पाञ्चाली यो जानाति सः पण्डितः।।
In simple words: This section presents several Sanskrit verses that are riddles. Students are asked to memorize these verses, which describe objects through contrasting qualities, leading to their identification.

Exam Tip: When memorizing verses, understand the meaning of each line. Reciting them aloud helps with retention and pronunciation. Focus on the rhythm and meter if applicable.

 

Question 11. નીચેનાં ગુજરાતી વાક્યોનો સંસ્કૃતમાં અનુવાદ કરો:
(i) प्रश्न 1. (તે) ઝાડની ટોચ પર રહે છે.
(ii) प्रश्न 2. તે મુખ વિનાની અવાજ કરે છે.
(iii) प्रश्न 3. તે કાળા મુખવાળી છે પણ બિલાડી નથી.
(iv) प्रश्न 4. તે ગુણરૂપી દોરીથી બંધાયેલો છે.
(v) प्रश्न 5. કસ્તુરી મૃગમાંથી જન્મે છે. (ઉત્પન્ન થાય છે.)
Answer:
(i) उत्तर: (सः) वृक्षाग्रवासी अस्ति।।
(ii) उत्तर: सा अमुखी शब्दं कुरुते ।।
(iii) उत्तर: सा कृष्णमुखी अस्ति किन्तु मार्जारी न अस्ति।
(iv) उत्तर: सः गुणस्यूतिसमृद्धः अस्ति।
(v) उत्तर: कस्तूरी मृगात् जायते।
In simple words: You need to translate the given Gujarati sentences into Sanskrit. This exercise tests your understanding of Sanskrit grammar and vocabulary by converting ideas from one language to another.

Exam Tip: Pay close attention to verb conjugations, noun cases, and word order in Sanskrit. Ensure that pronouns like 'सः' (he) and 'सा' (she) are used correctly according to the gender of the subject.

 

Question 12. આપેલા વિધાન માટે સાચો વિકલ્પ શોધીને ઉત્તર લખોઃ
(i) प्रश्न 1. 'वृक्षाग्रवासी न च पक्षिराजः' पद्यनो सायो उत्तर ...
(a) કલમ
(b) પુસ્તક
(c) નાળિયેર
Answer: (c) નાળિયેર
In simple words: The riddle "He lives at the top of a tree, but is not the king of birds" refers to a coconut.

Exam Tip: Understand the characteristics mentioned in the riddle. A coconut grows on a tree but is not a bird.

 

Question 2. 'नरनारीसमुत्पन्ना' पधनो सायो उत्तर ...
(a) દ્રોપદી
(b) ચપટી
(c) બિલાડી
Answer: (b) ચપટી
In simple words: The riddle "Born from man and woman" refers to a snap of the fingers, as it is created by the interaction of fingers.

Exam Tip: This riddle uses a metaphorical description. Think about actions that are a product of human interaction but not literally a "birth".

 

Question 3. 'कृष्णमुखी न मार्जारी' पधनो सायो उत्तर ...
(a) બિલાડી
(b) સાપણ
(c) કલમ
Answer: (c) કલમ
In simple words: The riddle "Black-faced but not a cat" refers to a pen, which has a black tip but is not an animal.

Exam Tip: The description points to something with a black feature but excludes common animals with black faces. A pen's ink-stained tip fits this perfectly.

 

Question 4. 'दन्तैर्हीनः शिलाभक्षी' पद्यनो सायो उत्तर ...
(a) કલમ
(b) ગરુડ
(c) જોડો
Answer: (c) જોડો
In simple words: The riddle "Toothless but stone-eating" refers to a pair of shoes, which wear down stones without having teeth.

Exam Tip: Consider objects that interact with stones or hard surfaces in a way that implies 'eating' or 'wearing down', despite lacking a mouth or teeth.

 

Question 5. 'कस्तूरी जायते कस्मात्' पधनो सायो उत्तर ...
(a) ચાતક
(b) મૃગ
(c) મોર
Answer: (b) મૃગ
In simple words: The question "From where is musk born?" refers to the deer (મૃગ).

Exam Tip: This is a direct knowledge-based question about the source of musk. Knowing about musk deer is key.

 

Question 13. નીચેના શ્વોકોનો ગુજરાતીમાં અનુવાદ કરી તમારી નોંધપોથીમાં સુંદર અક્ષરે લખો:
(i) नरनारीसमुत्पन्ना सा स्त्री देहविवर्जिता अमुखी कुरुते शब्दं जातमात्रा विनश्यति।।
(ii) दन्तैर्हीनः शिलाभक्षी निर्जीवो बहुभाषकः। गुणस्यूतिसमृद्धोऽपि परपादेन गच्छति।।
(iii) कस्तूरी जायते कस्मात् को हन्ति करिणां कुलम्। किं कुर्यात् कातरो युद्धे मृगात् सिंहः पलायनम्।।
Answer:
(i) Verse 1: नरनारीसमुत्पन्ना सा स्त्री देहविवर्जिता। अमुखी कुरुते शब्दं जातमात्रा विनश्यति।।
Word Meaning: सा स्त्री - that female. नरनारीसमुत्पन्ना - born from man and woman. देहविवर्जिता - bodiless. अमुखी - mouthless. शब्दं कुरुते - makes a sound. जातमात्रा - as soon as born. विनश्यति - perishes.
Gujarati Translation: તે સ્ત્રી નર અને નારીથી જન્મેલી છે, છતાં શરીર વગરની છે. મુખ વિનાની તે અવાજ કરે છે અને જન્મતાંવેંત જ નાશ પામે છે.
Detailed Explanation: The answer is a snap of the fingers (ચપટી). The thumb (man) and finger (woman) together create the snap. It has no body, makes a sound without a mouth, and its existence (the sound) perishes immediately upon being made.
(ii) Verse 2: दन्तैर्हीनः शिलाभक्षी निर्जीवो बहुभाषकः। गुणस्यूतिसमृद्धोऽपि परपादेन गच्छति।।
Word Meaning: दन्तैर्हीनः - toothless. शिलाभक्षी - stone-eater. निर्जीवः - lifeless. बहुभाषकः - talkative. गुणस्यूतिसमृद्धः - rich in stitches/threads. परपादेन - by another's feet. गच्छति - walks.
Gujarati Translation: જે દાંત વિનાનો હોવાં છતાં પથ્થરોને ખાય છે; (જે) જીવ વગરનો હોવાં છતાં બહુ બોલબોલ કરે છે; (જે) ગુણરૂપી દોરીથી બંધાયેલો હોવાં છતાં પારકે પગે (બીજા વડે) ચાલે છે.
Detailed Explanation: The answer is a shoe (જોડો/બૂટ). Shoes have no teeth but metaphorically "eat" stones as they wear them down. They are lifeless but make a lot of noise while walking. They are rich in threads (stitches) and walk by means of another's (a human's) feet.
(iii) Verse 3: कस्तूरी जायते कस्मात् को हन्ति करिणां कुलम्। किं कुर्यात् कातरो युद्धे मृगात् सिंहः पलायनम्।।
Word Meaning: कस्तूरी - musk. जायते कस्मात् - from where is it born? कः - who. हन्ति - kills. करिणां कुलम् - a herd of elephants. किं कुर्यात् - what does one do. कातरः - a coward. युद्धे - in battle. मृगात् - from a deer. सिंहः - a lion. पलायनम् - fleeing.
Gujarati Translation: કસ્તુરી શેમાંથી ઉત્પન્ન થાય છે? કોણ હાથીઓના ટોળાને મારી નાખે છે? કાયર યુદ્ધમાં શું કરે છે? મૃગમાંથી, સિંહ, પલાયન.
Detailed Explanation: This riddle contains three questions and provides their answers in a concise form. (1) Musk is born from a deer. (2) A lion kills a herd of elephants. (3) A coward flees in battle. This is an example of an 'Antaralapa' type of riddle where the answers are hidden within the verse itself.
In simple words: This section provides detailed explanations for three Sanskrit verses. For each verse, it gives word meanings, Gujarati translation, and a full explanation of the riddle, helping you understand how the object is identified by its characteristics.

Exam Tip: For comprehensive translation and explanation tasks, break down the verse into smaller phrases. Identify key vocabulary and grammatical structures. Provide context for metaphors or indirect descriptions, and always state the final answer to the riddle clearly.

 

Question 1. Who is he, who resides at the top of a tree but is not a king of birds, has three eyes but is not Lord Shiva, wears tree bark but is not an ascetic, and holds water but is neither a pot nor a cloud?
Answer: The answer is a coconut. A coconut lives on top of a tree, has three "eyes," and contains water inside. However, it is not a bird king, Lord Shiva, an ascetic, a pot, or a cloud.
In simple words: It's a coconut, as it grows high on trees, has three marks like eyes, and holds water, fitting all the riddle's hints.

Exam Tip: Riddles often use metaphorical language. Break down each clue and think of objects that fit some but not all literal descriptions.

 

Question 2. Who is she, born from a man and a woman, yet without a body; she makes sound without a mouth and perishes as soon as she is born?
Answer: The answer is a snap (chapti). A snap is produced by a man's thumb and a woman's middle finger. It does not possess a body, makes a sound without a mouth, and its sound disappears instantly after being made.
In simple words: This refers to the sound of a snap, which is made by combining a thumb and finger, has no body, makes noise, and quickly vanishes after it is produced.

Exam Tip: Consider actions or sounds rather than just physical objects when solving riddles that involve abstract descriptions of birth and demise.

 

Question 3. Who is it that has a black face but is not a cat, has two tongues but is not a serpent, and has five husbands but is not Draupadi?
Answer: This riddle points to a pen. A pen often has a black tip (its face), and the nib can be seen as having two parts (two tongues). When writing, the five fingers holding the pen are metaphorically called its "five husbands."
In simple words: The answer is a pen, which has a dark tip, a split nib like two tongues, and is held by five fingers as if they were its companions.

Exam Tip: Think about common household or writing objects when faced with riddles describing unexpected attributes like multiple tongues or husbands.

 

Question 4. Who is he, toothless yet a stone-eater, lifeless yet verbose, endowed with a string of qualities, and walks with another's feet?
Answer: The answer is a shoe or footwear. A shoe does not have teeth but can crush stones. It is an inanimate object but makes a lot of noise when someone walks. It is often made with laces or stitching (a string of qualities) and moves only when worn on someone else's feet.
In simple words: It's a shoe, because it can smash pebbles even without teeth, makes noise despite being lifeless, is held together by laces, and moves only when a person wears it.

Exam Tip: For riddles describing inanimate objects with human-like actions, consider their function and common interactions with people or the environment.

 

Question 5. From where is musk born? Who kills the herd of elephants? What does a coward do in battle?
Answer: This riddle has three parts, and the answers are directly provided in the original text, listed in order. Musk is born from a deer. The lion kills the herd of elephants. A coward flees in battle. This type of riddle, called 'Antaralap,' embeds its answers within the question itself.
In simple words: Musk comes from a deer. A lion kills groups of elephants. A scared person runs away from a fight. The riddle gives the answers right inside its own lines.

Exam Tip: For 'Antaralap' style riddles, pay close attention to the sequence of answers provided directly after the questions in the riddle's structure.