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Detailed Chapter 08 સંકલનનો ઉપયોગ GSEB Solutions for Class 12 Mathematics
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Class 12 Mathematics Chapter 08 સંકલનનો ઉપયોગ GSEB Solutions PDF
Question 1. પરવલય \( x^2 = 4y \) અને વર્તુળ \( 4x^2 + 4y^2 = 9 \) વડે આવૃત્ત પ્રદેશનું ક્ષેત્રફળ શોધો.
Answer: વર્તુળનું સમીકરણ \( 4x^2 + 4y^2 = 9 \) છે.
\( \therefore x^2 + y^2 = \frac{9}{4} \) આ વર્તુળનું કેન્દ્ર \( (0, 0) \) છે અને તેની ત્રિજ્યા \( \frac{3}{2} \) છે.
પરવલય \( x^2 = 4y \) એ Y-અક્ષ પ્રત્યે સંમિત છે.
\( x^2 = 4y \) તથા \( 4x^2 + 4y^2 = 9 \) ને ઉકેલતાં,
\( 4(4y) + 4y^2 = 9 \)
\( 4y^2 + 16y - 9 = 0 \)
\( \therefore (2y + 9) (2y - 1) = 0 \)
\( y = -\frac{9}{2}, y = \frac{1}{2} \)
જો \( y = -\frac{9}{2} \) હોય, તો \( x^2 = 4(-\frac{9}{2}) = -18 \), જે શક્ય નથી.
જો \( y = \frac{1}{2} \) હોય, તો \( x^2 = 4(\frac{1}{2}) = 2 \)
\( \therefore x = \pm \sqrt{2} \)
આથી, પરવલય તથા વર્તુળના છેદબિંદુના યામ \( A(\sqrt{2}, \frac{1}{2}) \) તથા \( B(-\sqrt{2}, \frac{1}{2}) \) છે.
માંગેલ ક્ષેત્રફળ = OAPBO પ્રદેશનું ક્ષેત્રફળ
= OABO પ્રદેશનું ક્ષેત્રફળ + APBA પ્રદેશનું ક્ષેત્રફળ
= \( 2[\text{OAQO પ્રદેશનું ક્ષેત્રફળ + APQA પ્રદેશનું ક્ષેત્રફળ}] \)
\[ = 2 \left[ \int_0^{1/2} \sqrt{4y} \, dy + \int_{1/2}^{3/2} \sqrt{\frac{9}{4} - y^2} \, dy \right] \]
\[ = 2 \left[ 2 \left[ \frac{y^{3/2}}{3/2} \right]_0^{1/2} + \left[ \frac{y}{2} \sqrt{\frac{9}{4} - y^2} + \frac{9}{8} \sin^{-1} \frac{2y}{3} \right]_{1/2}^{3/2} \right] \]
\[ = 2 \left[ \frac{4}{3} \left( \frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}} \right) + \left( 0 + \frac{9}{8} \sin^{-1}(1) \right) - \left( \frac{\sqrt{2}}{4} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} + \frac{9}{8} \sin^{-1}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right) \right) \right] \]
\[ = 2 \left[ \frac{\sqrt{2}}{6} + \frac{9\pi}{16} - \frac{1}{4} - \frac{9}{8} \sin^{-1}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right) \right] \]
\[ = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{3} + \frac{9\pi}{8} - \frac{1}{2} - \frac{9}{4} \sin^{-1}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right) \text{ ચો. એકમ} \]In simple words: First, we solve the equations of the parabola and the circle to find where they cross. Then, we divide the area into two parts and use integration. We calculate the integral for the parabola from 0 to \( \frac{1}{2} \) and for the circle from \( \frac{1}{2} \) to \( \frac{3}{2} \). We add these areas and multiply by 2 because the region is symmetrical.
Exam Tip: When finding the area between two curves, always sketch the graph to understand the region and identify the correct limits of integration.
Question 2. વક્રો \( (x – 1)^2 + y^2 = 1 \) અને \( x + y = 1 \) વડે આવૃત્ત પ્રદેશનું ક્ષેત્રફળ શોધો.
Answer: \( (x - 1)^2 + y^2 = 1 \) એ એક વર્તુળ દર્શાવે છે, જેનું કેન્દ્ર \( C(1, 0) \) છે અને તેની ત્રિજ્યા 1 છે.
\( x^2 + y^2 = 1 \) એ પણ એક વર્તુળ દર્શાવે છે, જેનું કેન્દ્ર \( (0, 0) \) છે અને તેની ત્રિજ્યા 1 છે.
બંને વર્તુળો X-અક્ષ પ્રત્યે સંમિત છે.
\( (x - 1)^2 + y^2 = 1 \) તથા \( x^2 + y^2 = 1 \) ને ઉકેલતાં,
\( (x - 1)^2 + (1 - x^2) = 1 \)
\( x^2 - 2x + 1 + 1 - x^2 = 1 \)
\( 2 - 2x = 1 \)
\( 1 = 2x \)
\( x = \frac{1}{2} \)
\( y^2 = 1 - (\frac{1}{2})^2 \)
\( y^2 = 1 - \frac{1}{4} \)
\( y^2 = \frac{3}{4} \)
\( \therefore y = \pm \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} \)
તેથી, બંને વર્તુળના છેદબિંદુના યામ \( P(\frac{1}{2}, \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}) \) તથા \( Q(\frac{1}{2}, -\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}) \) છે.
માંગેલ આવૃત્ત પ્રદેશ આકૃતિમાં છાયાંકિત ભાગ વડે દર્શાવેલ છે.
માંગેલ ક્ષેત્રફળ = OQCPA પ્રદેશનું ક્ષેત્રફળ
= \( 2 \times \) OLCP પ્રદેશનું ક્ષેત્રફળ
= \( 2 \times \) (OLPO પ્રદેશનું ક્ષેત્રફળ + LCPL પ્રદેશનું ક્ષેત્રફળ)
\[ = 2 \left[ \int_0^{1/2} \sqrt{1 - (x-1)^2} \, dx + \int_{1/2}^1 \sqrt{1 - x^2} \, dx \right] \]
\[ = 2 \left[ \left[ \frac{x-1}{2} \sqrt{1 - (x-1)^2} + \frac{1}{2} \sin^{-1}(x-1) \right]_0^{1/2} + \left[ \frac{x}{2} \sqrt{1 - x^2} + \frac{1}{2} \sin^{-1} x \right]_{1/2}^1 \right] \]
\[ = 2 \left[ \left( -\frac{\sqrt{3}}{8} + \frac{1}{2} \sin^{-1}\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right) \right) - \left( 0 + \frac{1}{2} \sin^{-1}(-1) \right) + \left( 0 + \frac{1}{2} \sin^{-1}(1) \right) - \left( \frac{\sqrt{3}}{8} + \frac{1}{2} \sin^{-1}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right) \right) \right] \]
\[ = 2 \left[ -\frac{\sqrt{3}}{8} - \frac{\pi}{12} + \frac{\pi}{4} + \frac{\pi}{4} - \frac{\sqrt{3}}{8} - \frac{\pi}{12} \right] \]
\[ = 2 \left[ -\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{8} + \frac{2\pi}{3} \right] \]
\[ = \frac{2\pi}{3} - \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} \text{ ચો. એકમ} \]In simple words: We are asked to find the area enclosed by two circles. First, we identify the centers and radii of both circles. Then, we find the points where the circles intersect by solving their equations. Because of symmetry, we calculate the area of one part and multiply it by two. The calculation involves integrals of the circle equations, evaluated between the intersection points.
Exam Tip: Remember to use the correct limits of integration for each part of the area. It is important to know the formulas for integrals involving \( \sqrt{a^2 - x^2} \).
Question 3. વક્રો \( y = x^2 + 2 \), \( y = x \), \( x = 0 \) અને \( x = 3 \) વડે આવૃત્ત પ્રદેશનું ક્ષેત્રફળ શોધો.
Answer: \( y = x^2 + 2 \) એ Y-અક્ષ પ્રત્યે સંમિત પરવલયનું સમીકરણ છે.
\( y = x \) એ ઊગમબિંદુમાંથી પસાર થતી રેખા દર્શાવે છે.
\( y = x^2 + 2 \) અને \( y = x \) ને ઉકેલતાં,
\( x = x^2 + 2 \)
\( \therefore x^2 - x + 2 = 0 \)
આ સમીકરણના વાસ્તવિક બીજ નથી. (કારણ કે વિવેચક \( D = b^2 - 4ac = (-1)^2 - 4(1)(2) = 1 - 8 = -7 < 0 \)).
\( \therefore y = x^2 + 2 \) તથા \( y = x \) એકબીજાને છેદતાં નથી.
\( x = 0 \) એ Y-અક્ષ દર્શાવેલ છે. \( x = 3 \) એ Y-અક્ષને સમાંતર રેખા દર્શાવે છે.
વક્ર \( y = x^2 + 2 \), \( y = x \), \( x = 0 \) અને \( x = 3 \) વડે આવૃત્ત પ્રદેશનું ક્ષેત્રફળ = AOCBA પ્રદેશનું ક્ષેત્રફળ
\[ \therefore \text{માંગેલ ક્ષેત્રફળ} = \int_0^3 (x^2 + 2) \, dx - \int_0^3 x \, dx \]
\[ = \left[ \frac{x^3}{3} + 2x \right]_0^3 - \left[ \frac{x^2}{2} \right]_0^3 \]
\[ = \left( \frac{3^3}{3} + 2(3) \right) - (0) - \left( \frac{3^2}{2} - 0 \right) \]
\[ = (9 + 6) - \frac{9}{2} \]
\[ = 15 - \frac{9}{2} \]
\[ = \frac{30 - 9}{2} \]
\[ = \frac{21}{2} \text{ ચો. એકમ} \]In simple words: We want to find the area between a parabola, a straight line, and two vertical lines. First, we check if the parabola and line intersect. Since they do not, the area is simply the integral of the parabola minus the integral of the line, both evaluated from \( x=0 \) to \( x=3 \). We then perform the integration and subtraction to get the final area.
Exam Tip: Always analyze the intersection points of the curves involved. If curves do not intersect within the given limits, the area can be found by subtracting the lower function's integral from the upper function's integral.
Question 4. શિરોબિંદુઓ \( (-1, 0), (1, 3) \) અને \( (3, 2) \) થી રચાતા ત્રિકોણીય પ્રદેશનું ક્ષેત્રફળ શોધો.
Answer: \( A(-1, 0), B(1, 3) \) અને \( C(3, 2) \) એ \( \triangle ABC \) ના શિરોબિંદુઓ છે.
AB નું સમીકરણ:
\[ \begin{vmatrix} x & y & 1 \\ -1 & 0 & 1 \\ 1 & 3 & 1 \end{vmatrix} = 0 \]
\( x(0 - 3) - y(-1 - 1) + 1(-3 - 0) = 0 \)
\( -3x + 2y - 3 = 0 \)
\( \therefore y = \frac{3x + 3}{2} \) .....(i)
BC નું સમીકરણ:
\[ \begin{vmatrix} x & y & 1 \\ 1 & 3 & 1 \\ 3 & 2 & 1 \end{vmatrix} = 0 \]
\( x(3 - 2) - y(1 - 3) + 1(2 - 9) = 0 \)
\( x + 2y - 7 = 0 \)
\( \therefore y = -\frac{1}{2}(x - 7) \) .....(ii)
AC નું સમીકરણ:
\[ \begin{vmatrix} x & y & 1 \\ -1 & 0 & 1 \\ 3 & 2 & 1 \end{vmatrix} = 0 \]
\( x(0 - 2) - y(-1 - 3) + 1(-2 - 0) = 0 \)
\( -2x + 4y - 2 = 0 \)
\( \therefore 2y = x + 1 \)
\( \therefore y = \frac{1}{2}(x + 1) \) .....(iii)
\( \triangle ABC \) નું ક્ષેત્રફળ = ABMA પ્રદેશનું ક્ષેત્રફળ + BMNCB પ્રદેશનું ક્ષેત્રફળ – ACNA પ્રદેશનું ક્ષેત્રફળ
\[ \therefore \text{માંગેલ ક્ષેત્રફળ } A = \int_{-1}^1 \frac{3x+3}{2} \, dx + \int_1^3 \frac{-(x-7)}{2} \, dx - \int_{-1}^3 \frac{x+1}{2} \, dx \]
\[ = \frac{3}{2} \int_{-1}^1 (x + 1) \, dx + \frac{1}{2} \int_1^3 (-x + 7) \, dx - \frac{1}{2} \int_{-1}^3 (x + 1) \, dx \]
\[ = \frac{3}{2} \left[ \frac{(x+1)^2}{2} \right]_{-1}^1 + \frac{1}{2} \left[ -\frac{(x-7)^2}{2} \right]_1^3 - \frac{1}{2} \left[ \frac{(x+1)^2}{2} \right]_{-1}^3 \]
\[ = \frac{3}{4} [ (1+1)^2 - (-1+1)^2 ] + \frac{1}{4} [ -(3-7)^2 + (1-7)^2 ] - \frac{1}{4} [ (3+1)^2 - (-1+1)^2 ] \]
\[ = \frac{3}{4} [4 - 0] + \frac{1}{4} [ -( -4)^2 + (-6)^2 ] - \frac{1}{4} [ 4^2 - 0 ] \]
\[ = \frac{3}{4} [4] + \frac{1}{4} [-16 + 36] - \frac{1}{4} [16] \]
\[ = 3 + \frac{1}{4} [20] - 4 \]
\[ = 3 + 5 - 4 \]
\[ = 4 \text{ ચો. એકમ} \]In simple words: To find the area of a triangle given its vertices, we first determine the equations of the lines forming its sides. Then, we use integration to calculate the area. This involves integrating the upper boundary function and subtracting the integral of the lower boundary function over the specified x-intervals, corresponding to the triangle's segments.
Exam Tip: Remember that the area of a triangle with vertices \( (x_1, y_1), (x_2, y_2), (x_3, y_3) \) can also be found using the formula \( \frac{1}{2} |x_1(y_2 - y_3) + x_2(y_3 - y_1) + x_3(y_1 - y_2)| \). Using integration, it requires finding line equations and splitting the area correctly.
Question 5. જો ત્રિકોણની બાજુઓનાં સમીકરણો \( y = 2x + 1 \), \( y = 3x + 1 \) અને \( x = 4 \) હોય, તો તેના દ્વારા રચાતા ત્રિકોણીય પ્રદેશનું ક્ષેત્રફળ સંકલનના ઉપયોગથી શોધો.
Answer: આપેલ સમીકરણો છે:
\( y = 2x + 1 \) .......(i)
\( y = 3x + 1 \) .......(ii)
\( x = 4 \) .......(iii)
સમીકરણ (i) અને (ii) ને ઉકેલતાં:
\( 2x + 1 = 3x + 1 \)
\( x = 0 \)
જો \( x = 0 \) હોય, તો \( y = 2(0) + 1 = 1 \)
(i) અને (ii) નો ઉકેલ \( A(0, 1) \) બિંદુ મળશે.
સમીકરણ (ii) અને (iii) ને ઉકેલતાં:
\( y = 3x + 1, x = 4 \implies y = 3(4) + 1 = 12 + 1 = 13 \)
(ii) અને (iii) નો ઉકેલ \( B(4, 13) \) બિંદુ મળશે.
સમીકરણ (i) અને (iii) ને ઉકેલતાં:
\( y = 2x + 1, x = 4 \implies y = 2(4) + 1 = 8 + 1 = 9 \)
(i) અને (iii) નો ઉકેલ \( C(4, 9) \) બિંદુ મળશે.
ત્રિકોણીય પ્રદેશ ABC નું ક્ષેત્રફળ
= પ્રદેશ OABMO નું ક્ષેત્રફળ – પ્રદેશ OACMO નું ક્ષેત્રફળ
\[ = \int_0^4 (3x + 1) \, dx - \int_0^4 (2x + 1) \, dx \]
\[ = \int_0^4 [(3x + 1) - (2x + 1)] \, dx \]
\[ = \int_0^4 x \, dx \]
\[ = \left[ \frac{x^2}{2} \right]_0^4 \]
\[ = \frac{4^2}{2} - \frac{0^2}{2} \]
\[ = \frac{16}{2} - 0 \]
\[ = 8 \text{ ચો. એકમ} \]In simple words: We are given the equations of three lines that form a triangle. First, we find the intersection points of these lines to identify the triangle's vertices. Then, we find the area using integration. We integrate the function for the upper boundary line and subtract the integral of the function for the lower boundary line, both from \( x=0 \) to \( x=4 \), which are the x-limits of the triangle.
Exam Tip: For areas enclosed by lines, always plot the lines to visually determine the upper and lower functions and the correct integration limits. Subtracting the integral of the 'lower' function from the 'upper' function is key.
Question 6. વર્તુળ \( x^2 + y^2 = 4 \) અને રેખા \( x + y = 2 \) થી આવૃત્ત પ્રદેશનું ક્ષેત્રફળ....... છે.
(A) \( 2(\pi – 2) \)
(B) \( \pi – 2 \)
(C) \( 2\pi – 1 \)
(D) \( 2(\pi + 2) \)
Answer: (B) \( \pi – 2 \)
\( x^2 + y^2 = 4 \) એ \( O(0, 0) \) કેન્દ્રવાળું તથા 2 ત્રિજ્યાવાળું વર્તુળ દર્શાવે છે.
\( x + y = 2 \implies \frac{x}{2} + \frac{y}{2} = 1 \) એ અક્ષો ઉપર 2 અંત:ખંડ કાપતી રેખાનું સમીકરણ દર્શાવે છે.
માંગેલ ક્ષેત્રફળ A = પ્રદેશ OACBO નું ક્ષેત્રફળ – AOAB નું ક્ષેત્રફળ
\[ = \int_0^2 \sqrt{4 - x^2} \, dx - \int_0^2 (2 - x) \, dx \]
\[ = \left[ \frac{x}{2} \sqrt{4 - x^2} + \frac{4}{2} \sin^{-1} \frac{x}{2} \right]_0^2 - \left[ 2x - \frac{x^2}{2} \right]_0^2 \]
\[ = \left( \frac{2}{2} \sqrt{4 - 4} + 2 \sin^{-1} \frac{2}{2} \right) - \left( 0 + 2 \sin^{-1} 0 \right) - \left[ \left( 2(2) - \frac{2^2}{2} \right) - (0) \right] \]
\[ = (0 + 2 \sin^{-1}(1)) - (0) - (4 - 2) \]
\[ = 2 \left( \frac{\pi}{2} \right) - 2 \]
\[ = \pi - 2 \]
તેથી વિકલ્પ (B) સાચો છે.
In simple words: We need to find the area between a circle and a line. First, identify the circle's center and radius, and the line's intercepts. The total area is found by taking the integral of the circle's equation from \( x=0 \) to \( x=2 \) and subtracting the integral of the line's equation over the same interval.
Exam Tip: For MCQs involving areas, sketching the region helps confirm the upper and lower functions and the correct limits of integration. Be careful with trigonometric inverse function evaluations.
Question 7. વક્રો \( y^2 = 4x \) અને \( y = 2x \) વડે આવૃત્ત પ્રદેશનું ક્ષેત્રફળ ........ છે.
(A) \( \frac{2}{3} \)
(B) \( \frac{1}{3} \)
(C) \( \frac{1}{4} \)
(D) \( \frac{3}{4} \)
Answer: (B) \( \frac{1}{3} \)
\( y^2 = 4x \) એ X-અક્ષ પ્રત્યે સંમિત પરવલય દર્શાવે છે.
\( y = 2x \) એ ઊગમબિંદુમાંથી પસાર થતી રેખા દર્શાવે છે.
\( y^2 = 4x \) અને \( y = 2x \) ને ઉકેલતાં,
\( (2x)^2 = 4x \)
\( 4x^2 = 4x \)
\( 4x^2 - 4x = 0 \)
\( 4x(x - 1) = 0 \)
\( \implies x = 0, x = 1 \)
જ્યારે \( x = 0 \) હોય, ત્યારે \( y = 2(0) = 0 \).
જ્યારે \( x = 1 \) હોય, ત્યારે \( y = 2(1) = 2 \).
આથી, વક્ર તથા રેખાનું છેદબિંદુ \( O(0, 0) \) તથા \( A(1, 2) \) છે.
માંગેલ ક્ષેત્રફળ
\[ = \int_0^1 (2\sqrt{x} - 2x) \, dx \]
\[ = \left[ 2 \frac{x^{3/2}}{3/2} - 2 \frac{x^2}{2} \right]_0^1 \]
\[ = \left[ \frac{4}{3} x^{3/2} - x^2 \right]_0^1 \]
\[ = \left( \frac{4}{3} (1)^{3/2} - (1)^2 \right) - (0 - 0) \]
\[ = \frac{4}{3} - 1 \]
\[ = \frac{4 - 3}{3} \]
\[ = \frac{1}{3} \text{ ચો. એકમ} \]
તેથી વિકલ્પ (B) સાચો છે.
In simple words: We need to find the area enclosed by a parabola and a straight line. First, we find the points where the parabola and the line intersect by solving their equations. Then, we integrate the difference between the upper function (parabola) and the lower function (line) from \( x=0 \) to \( x=1 \) to calculate the area.
Exam Tip: It is crucial to correctly identify which curve is the 'upper' function and which is the 'lower' function within the integration limits. Also, practice solving simultaneous equations for curves and lines to find intersection points accurately.
Free study material for Mathematics
GSEB Solutions Class 12 Mathematics Chapter 08 સંકલનનો ઉપયોગ
Students can now access the GSEB Solutions for Chapter 08 સંકલનનો ઉપયોગ prepared by teachers on our website. These solutions cover all questions in exercise in your Class 12 Mathematics textbook. Each answer is updated based on the current academic session as per the latest GSEB syllabus.
Detailed Explanations for Chapter 08 સંકલનનો ઉપયોગ
Our expert teachers have provided step-by-step explanations for all the difficult questions in the Class 12 Mathematics chapter. Along with the final answers, we have also explained the concept behind it to help you build stronger understanding of each topic. This will be really helpful for Class 12 students who want to understand both theoretical and practical questions. By studying these GSEB Questions and Answers your basic concepts will improve a lot.
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FAQs
The complete and updated GSEB Class 12 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 સંકલનનો ઉપયોગ Exercise 8.2 is available for free on StudiesToday.com. These solutions for Class 12 Mathematics are as per latest GSEB curriculum.
Yes, our experts have revised the GSEB Class 12 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 સંકલનનો ઉપયોગ Exercise 8.2 as per 2026 exam pattern. All textbook exercises have been solved and have added explanation about how the Mathematics concepts are applied in case-study and assertion-reasoning questions.
Toppers recommend using GSEB language because GSEB marking schemes are strictly based on textbook definitions. Our GSEB Class 12 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 સંકલનનો ઉપયોગ Exercise 8.2 will help students to get full marks in the theory paper.
Yes, we provide bilingual support for Class 12 Mathematics. You can access GSEB Class 12 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 સંકલનનો ઉપયોગ Exercise 8.2 in both English and Hindi medium.
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