Get the most accurate GSEB Solutions for Class 11 Sanskrit Chapter 10 अनेकार्थसप्तकम् here. Updated for the 2026-27 academic session, these solutions are based on the latest GSEB textbooks for Class 11 Sanskrit. Our expert-created answers for Class 11 Sanskrit are available for free download in PDF format.
Detailed Chapter 10 अनेकार्थसप्तकम् GSEB Solutions for Class 11 Sanskrit
For Class 11 students, solving GSEB textbook questions is the most effective way to build a strong conceptual foundation. Our Class 11 Sanskrit solutions follow a detailed, step-by-step approach to ensure you understand the logic behind every answer. Practicing these Chapter 10 अनेकार्थसप्तकम् solutions will improve your exam performance.
Class 11 Sanskrit Chapter 10 अनेकार्थसप्तकम् GSEB Solutions PDF
अनेकार्थसप्तकम् Exercise
1. अधोलिखितेभ्यः विकल्पेभ्यः समुचितम् उत्तरं चित्वा लिखत।
Question 1. पुल्लिङ्गस्य 'क' शब्दस्य कति अर्थाः सन्ति?
(क) सप्त
(ख) पञ्च
(ग) चत्वारः
(घ) दश
Answer: (क) सप्त
In simple words: The masculine word 'ka' possesses seven different meanings in Sanskrit.
🎯 Exam Tip: Memorizing the specific number of meanings for common Sanskrit words like 'ka' is crucial for multiple-choice questions.
Question 2. पुल्लिङ्गस्य अजशब्दस्य कः अर्थः अस्ति?
(क) अश्वः
(ख) कामदेवः
(ग) शङ्खः
(घ) छागः
Answer: (ख) कामदेवः
In simple words: The masculine term 'aja' can signify Kamadeva, the god of love.
🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding the multiple meanings (अनेकार्थ) of Sanskrit words is key; focus on prominent alternative meanings. The original text said "बकरे के अर्थ के अर्थ में", which is redundant. I will remove the redundancy.
Question 3. अर्धे अर्थ अयमव्ययः वर्तते।
(क) भृशम्
(ख) अपि
(ग) अयि
(घ) सामि
Answer: (घ) सामि
In simple words: The indeclinable word 'sāmi' is used to convey the meaning of 'half' or 'partially'.
🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to indeclinable words (अव्ययपद) and their specific meanings, as they often have nuanced uses.
Question 4. भूः शब्दस्य पर्यायः नास्ति।
(क) धरा
(ख) रसा
(ग) पृथ्वी
(घ) क्षितीशः
Answer: (घ) क्षितीशः
In simple words: 'Kṣitīśaḥ' does not refer to the earth; it means a king or lord of the earth, unlike 'dharā', 'rasā', and 'pṛthvī' which are synonyms for earth.
🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish between synonyms for the earth and terms that describe entities related to the earth (like its ruler). Often, prefixes or suffixes can change the meaning significantly.
Question 5. प्ररोहति – इत्यस्य कः अर्थः?
(क) भवति
(ख) विद्यते
(ग) उद्भवति
(घ) अनुभवति
Answer: (ग) उद्भवति
In simple words: The verb 'prarohāti' signifies 'to originate' or 'to sprout,' which is equivalent to 'udbhavati'.
🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the precise meaning of verb forms and their synonyms, especially those indicating creation or origin.
2. Answer The Following Questions In Mother-Tongue:
Question 1. What are the meanings of the word क used in masculine gender?
Answer: In its masculine form, the word 'ka' is employed to denote seven distinct meanings: Brahma, soul, sun, peacock, fire, Yama, and wind.
In simple words: The masculine 'ka' refers to seven things: Brahma, soul, sun, peacock, fire, Yama, and wind.
🎯 Exam Tip: Listing all the masculine meanings of 'ka' precisely is important. Ensure you do not miss any of the seven mentioned terms.
Question 2. Why is the word अब्ज used for Dhanvantari and moon?
Answer: When used in the masculine gender, the word 'abja' refers to both Dhanvantari and the moon, reflecting their association with significant origins or qualities.
In simple words: The masculine word 'abja' can mean Dhanvantari and the moon.
🎯 Exam Tip: Note the specific gender (masculine) when interpreting the multiple meanings of 'abja'.
Question 3. In what situation the word निगरण means food/dinner and throat?
Answer: When 'nigarana' is utilized in the masculine gender, its meaning is 'throat'. However, when it is used in the neuter gender, it signifies 'food' or 'dinner'.
In simple words: 'Nigarana' means throat in masculine form and food in neuter form.
🎯 Exam Tip: This question highlights how gender change significantly alters a word's meaning; clearly state the meaning for each gender.
Question 4. Give an idea of difference in meaning of the word अयि and अये.
Answer: The indeclinable word 'ayi' is used in contexts of questioning or making a humble request. In contrast, the indeclinable word 'aye' serves to express emotions such as anger, sorrow, or despair.
In simple words: 'Ayi' is for questions/requests, while 'aye' expresses anger or sorrow.
🎯 Exam Tip: Differentiate between the nuances of similar-sounding indeclinable words and their emotional or grammatical functions.
Question 5. Which root verbs are used to say जन्म-क्रिया?
Answer: For expressing the action of 'birth' or 'origin' (जन्म-क्रिया), the verbs 'utpadyate', 'jāyate', 'prarohāti', and 'udbhavati' are commonly employed. These are derived from the roots 'ut + pad', 'jan', 'pra + ruh', and 'ud + bhū' respectively.
In simple words: 'Utpadyate', 'jāyate', 'prarohāti', and 'udbhavati' are verbs used for the action of 'birth' or 'origin'.
🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing root verbs, it's beneficial to provide both the derived verb forms and their original root components.
3. Write A Critical Note On:
Question 1. Change in the meaning of a word with the change in gender.
Answer: In Sanskrit, a notable characteristic is that the meaning of a word often shifts when its grammatical gender changes. The same word, by simply altering its gender, can refer to different entities or concepts, thus being used with varied meanings for distinct objects.
This phenomenon of meaning alteration due to gender distinction is exemplified in the poetic text 'Anekārthasaptakam'. This lesson presents several such instances, with the first four verses being extracts from Hemacandrācārya's 'Anekārtha Saṅgraha'. The 'Anekārtha Saṅgraha' includes numerous examples, some of which are featured in this textbook. According to the textbook's illustrations, the word 'nigaraṇaḥ' (masculine) refers to the 'throat', while 'nigaraṇam' (neuter) denotes 'food' or 'ingestion'.
Similarly, 'abjaḥ' (masculine) refers to Dhanvantari, the conch, and the moon, whereas 'abjam' (neuter) means a lotus and the number 'arb' (a number formed by nine zeros after one). In this manner, the masculine word 'kaḥ' also holds multiple meanings. The masculine 'kaḥ' denotes Brahma, soul, sun, peacock, fire, Yama, and wind. Conversely, the neuter 'kam' signifies head, water, and happiness. Additionally, the word 'mitra' when masculine means the 'sun', but in its neuter form, 'mitra' refers to a 'friend'.
In simple words: In Sanskrit, changing a word's gender changes its meaning; for example, 'nigaraṇaḥ' (masculine) means 'throat', but 'nigaraṇam' (neuter) means 'food'.
🎯 Exam Tip: Provide clear examples from the text to illustrate how gender impacts meaning, contrasting masculine and neuter forms where possible.
Question 2. Meanings of Aja अज
Answer: Nouns in language are categorized into four types: Yaugika (derivative), Rūḍha (conventional), Yogarūḍha (conventional-derivative), and Yādṛcchika (arbitrary). These classifications play a crucial role in determining meanings. For instance, the word 'ajaḥ' is considered a Yaugika word, meaning "that which is not born," derived from 'na jāyate yaḥ saḥ'. The first letter, 'a', often carries a negative sense, and 'ja' means 'to be born'. Thus, 'aja' applies to Vishnu, who is eternal and unborn.
It is also used in the sense of Vishnu, who is never born and is eternal, therefore the term 'aja' is suitable for Lord Vishnu. If 'aja' is taken as a Rūḍha word, its meaning is a 'goat'. When 'ajaḥ' is considered Yādṛcchika, it refers to Aja, the son of King Raghu of the solar dynasty. This personal name is arbitrary, given by parents' wish. Thus, a single Sanskrit word can have many meanings.
In simple words: The word 'aja' can mean "unborn" (like Vishnu), a "goat," or the name of King Raghu's son, depending on whether it's a derivative, conventional, or arbitrary term.
🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining multiple meanings, categorize them based on linguistic principles like Yaugika, Rūḍha, and Yādṛcchika to show a deeper understanding.
Question 3. Different meanings of कः
Answer: A prominent feature of Sanskrit is that every single letter in its alphabet is meaningful. Therefore, it is said that "there is no letter without a mantra." Each letter is employed to convey specific meanings, and Sanskrit possesses a lexicon that indicates these meanings. Due to the multi-meaning nature of single letters, there are poetic works in Sanskrit entirely composed using just one letter.
In 'Anekārthasaptakam', some examples of this Sanskrit characteristic are presented. According to the examples provided in the textbook, when the word 'kaḥ' is used in the masculine gender, it conveys seven different meanings. This word refers to the sun, peacock, fire, Brahma, soul, Yama, and wind. When used in the neuter gender as 'kam', it signifies head, water, and happiness.
In simple words: In Sanskrit, every letter is meaningful; the masculine 'kaḥ' has seven meanings (sun, Brahma, etc.), while the neuter 'kam' means head, water, and happiness.
🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize the unique characteristic of Sanskrit where even single letters are meaningful, and provide comprehensive lists of meanings for both masculine and neuter forms.
Question 4. Words used for the earth.
Answer: The 'Anekārthasaptakam' lesson from the textbook presents a collection of words referring to the earth. These synonymous terms for earth have been selected and quoted from Sanskrit lexicons, specifically Amarkoṣa.
The text provides a total of 27 words that are used as synonyms for the earth. Additionally, there are other words that also signify the earth. The earth is also referred to as Vishnu-patnī (Vishnu's wife). Thus, different synonymous words are formed by observing the characteristics, forms, types, and lineage of an object or person. For example, because the earth remains stable on one landmass, it is called 'acalā' (immovable) and 'sthitā' (stable).
Because it is endless, it is called 'anantā'. As it is endowed with wealth or prosperity (vasu), it is called 'vasudhā', 'vasumatī', and 'vasundharā'. Because it contains 'rasa' (flavor/essence), it is called 'rasā', and because it supports or holds, it is called 'dharā', 'dharitrī', 'dharaṇi', and 'viśvambharā'.
Being rich with the chirping of birds, it is called 'kṣoṇi'. Due to the loss of age, it is called 'jyā'. Due to its connection with Sage Kashyap, it is called 'kāśyapī', and due to its association with King Pṛthu, it is called 'pṛthvī' or 'pṛthivī'. Thus, the unique characteristic of word-formation in Sanskrit is extremely simple and wondrous.
In simple words: Sanskrit has many words for earth, like 'acalā' (stable), 'anantā' (endless), 'vasudhā' (wealth-bearing), and 'kṣoṇi' (bird-filled), reflecting its various attributes.
🎯 Exam Tip: When listing synonyms, try to group them by the characteristic they highlight (e.g., stability, wealth, essence) to demonstrate a thematic understanding.
4. Write Analytical Note On:
Question (1). Yaugika word.
Answer: In Sanskrit, there are four primary types of noun formation: Yaugika (derived), Rūḍha (conventional), Yogarūḍha (conventional-derivative), and Yādṛcchika (arbitrary). These categories illustrate the process of word formation. For Yaugika words, we can use the term 'vyutpatti-paraka' (etymologically derived) words. For example, the word 'aja' means Vishnu.
From a grammatical or etymological perspective, the word 'aja' means "he who is not born" (na jāyate yaḥ saḥ – ajaḥ). This implies someone whose birth does not occur, i.e., who is unborn. The first letter, 'a', generally conveys a negative sense, and the second letter, 'ja', refers to 'taking birth' or 'being born'.
Therefore, as explained above, 'aja' refers to one who is unborn. Hence, the word 'aja' is used for Vishnu because Vishnu is not born; He is eternal. Thus, the knowledge of word formation is understood from a Yaugika perspective.
In simple words: Yaugika words are derived from roots, like 'aja' meaning "unborn" (Vishnu), where 'a-' means "not" and 'ja' means "born".
🎯 Exam Tip: Define Yaugika words clearly and provide a well-explained example, breaking down its etymological components.
Question (2). Meanings of indeclinable word अयि
Answer: Indeclinable words (avyayapada) in Sanskrit are used in various senses and do not change their form in any way. The indeclinable word 'ayi' is used in contexts of questioning and making humble requests or entreaties.
In simple words: The indeclinable word 'ayi' is used for asking questions or making polite requests, and its form never changes.
🎯 Exam Tip: Explain the immutability of avyayapadas and their specific functions, using 'ayi' as a primary example.
Question (3). Names of earth based on वसु
Answer: The word 'vasu' means wealth, prosperity, or opulence. Thus, the earth is called 'vasumatī', 'vasudhā', and 'vasundharā' because it is endowed with wealth and prosperity, or it holds 'vasu'. These three names indicate that the earth contains wealth.
In simple words: The earth is called 'vasumatī', 'vasudhā', and 'vasundharā' because 'vasu' means wealth, and the earth holds this wealth.
🎯 Exam Tip: Connect the names of the earth directly to the meaning of 'vasu' to show a logical derivation of the terms.
अनेकार्थसप्तकम् Additional Questions And Answers
अनेकार्थसप्तकम् स्वाध्याय
1. अधोलिखितेभ्यः विकल्पेभ्यः समुचितम् उत्तरं चित्वा लिखत ।
Question 1. मही शब्दस्य पर्याय-शब्दः कः?
(क) पृथ्वी
(ख) भृशम्
(ग) निगरणम्
(घ) शल:
Answer: (क) पृथ्वी
In simple words: The word 'mahī' is a synonym for 'pṛthvī', both referring to the earth.
🎯 Exam Tip: Identify common Sanskrit synonyms for 'earth' as they are frequently tested in vocabulary sections.
Question 2. विष्णुः शब्दस्य का पर्यायः?
(क) अब्जः
(ख) अब्जम्
(ग) अजः
(घ) गलः
Answer: (ग) अजः
In simple words: 'Ajaḥ' is a word that serves as a synonym for Vishnu.
🎯 Exam Tip: Remember specific words that denote deities like Vishnu, especially those with multiple meanings.
Question 3. नपुंसक-लिङ्गस्य क शब्दस्य कति अर्थाः?
(क) त्रयः
(ख) चत्वारः
(ग) पञ्च
(घ) षट्
Answer: (क) त्रयः
In simple words: In its neuter form, the word 'ka' possesses three distinct meanings.
🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish between the number of meanings for a word in its masculine versus neuter gender.
Question 4. अब्जम् शब्दस्य अर्थम् किम्?
(क) चन्द्रः
(ख) शङ्खः
(ग) पद्म
(घ) हरः
Answer: (ग) पद्म
In simple words: The neuter word 'abjam' refers to a lotus flower.
🎯 Exam Tip: Be precise about the meaning of 'abjam' (neuter) as opposed to 'abjaḥ' (masculine).
Question 5. अब्ज: शब्दस्य कः अर्थः नास्ति?
(क) शवः
(ख) चन्द्रः
(ग) यमः
(घ) धन्वन्तरी
Answer: (ग) यमः
In simple words: The word 'Yamaḥ' is not a meaning of the masculine term 'abjaḥ'.
🎯 Exam Tip: For "not" type questions, carefully evaluate each option against the known meanings of the given word.
2. निम्न प्रश्नों का उत्तर मातृभाषा में दीजिए।
Question 1. क शब्द के नपुंसकलिंग में प्रयुक्त होने पर क्या-क्या अर्थ होते हैं?
Answer: When the word 'ka' is used in its neuter gender, it signifies three meanings: head, water, and happiness.
In simple words: The neuter word 'ka' means head, water, and happiness.
🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly enumerate the three meanings of the neuter 'ka' as distinct points.
अनेकार्थसप्तकम् Summary In Hindi
सन्दर्भ : संस्कृत साहित्य में एक लोकोक्ति प्रसिद्ध है अष्टाध्यायी जगन्माता अमरकोषः जगत्पिता। अर्थात् अष्टाध्यायी विश्व की माता है एवं अमरकोष विश्व के पिता हैं। अष्टाध्यायी व्याकरण का ग्रन्थ है तथा अमरकोष कोषग्रन्थ है। संस्कृत-भाषा-शिक्षण रूपी विश्व में जो कोई भी प्रवेश करता है उसके लिए अष्टाध्यायी माता की भाँति है एवं अमरकोष पिता की भाँति सहायक होता है। प्राचीन परंपरा में संस्कृत-शिक्षण का प्रारंभ इन दोनों ग्रन्थों के अध्ययन से किया जाता था।
व्याकरण के द्वारा भाषा में शब्द का व्युत्पत्ति से संबद्ध शब्द-रचना के विषय का ज्ञान होता है तथा कोष के द्वारा किसी शब्द का प्रासंगिक अर्थ-बोध होता है। इस स्थिति में संस्कृत भाषा-शिक्षण हेतु व्याकरण के अध्ययन की व्यापकता होती है। यह स्वाभाविक ही है तथापि कोष-ग्रन्थ का अध्ययन भी प्रासंगिक बन जाता है।
इस विषय का गहनावलोकन करते हुए इस पाठ में प्रथम चार पद्य आचार्य हेमचन्द्राचार्य द्वारा रचित अनेकार्थ संग्रह में से तथा पाँचवा एवं छठा पद्य अमरसिंह द्वारा रचित अमरकोष में से तथा अन्तिम पद्य भट्टमल्ल-विरचित आख्यानचन्द्रिका में से लिया गया है। ये तीनों ही संस्कृत के सुप्रसिद्ध कोष-ग्रन्थ है।
पाठ में प्रयुक्त प्रथम पद्य में क वर्ण के विविध - अर्थों का संग्रह है। द्वितीय पद्य में एक शब्द अज के अनेकार्थ दर्शाए गए. है। तृतीय पद्य में लिंग-परिवर्तन के कारण होनेवाले अर्थ-परिवर्तन का उदाहरण देता है। चतुर्थ पद्य में संभाषण के संदर्भ में प्रयुक्त अव्ययपद किस प्रकार अर्थभेद से युक्त होते हैं यह समझाया गया है। पंचम एवं छठे पद्य में संस्कृत भाषा में प्रयुक्त पृथ्वी के इक्कीस पर्याय-शब्दों का संग्रह किया गया है।
एतदुपरान्त संस्कृत भाषा में पृथ्वी के अन्य ग्यारह और पर्याय शब्दों का प्रयोग होता है। इस प्रकार संस्कृत भाषा में कुल तैंतीस शब्दों का प्रयोग पृथ्वी के पर्याय शब्दों के रूप में किया जाता है। अन्तिम एवं सप्तम पद्य में क्रियापद के भिन्न-भिन्न अर्थों को संस्कृत कोषकार किस प्रकार प्रयोग करते हैं इस विषय का उदाहरण प्रस्तुत किया है।
इस पाठ के अध्ययन से कालान्तर में अस्तित्व में आनेवाले पदार्थों के नामकरण करने की संस्कृत भाषा की पद्धति का ज्ञान भी हो सकेगा। पाठ में प्रयुक्त सभी पद्य अनुष्टुप छन्द में हैं।
अन्वय, शब्दार्थ एवं अनुवाद
1. अन्वय : लोकवेदयो: का ब्रह्मणि, आत्मनि रवौ, मयूरे, अग्नौ, यमे, अनिले च कं एवं शीर्षे, अप्सु, सुख्ने युज्यते।
शब्दार्थ : लोकवेदयोः = लौकिक और वैदिक संस्कृत में। कः (पुं.) क वर्ण। ब्रह्मणि = ब्रह्मा के अर्थ में। आत्मनि = आत्मा के अर्थ में। रवौ = रवि-सूर्य के अर्थ में। मयूरे = मयूर के अर्थ में, अग्नौ = अग्नि के अर्थ में। यमे = यम के अर्थ में। अनिले = वायु के अर्थ में। कम् – (नपुंसक लिंग) – क वर्ण। शीर्षे = शीश – सिर के अर्थ में। अप्सु = पानी के अर्थ में – 'अप्' शब्द बहुवचन में प्रयुक्त होता है, अतः यहाँ सप्तमी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन का प्रयोग किया गया है। सुख्खे = सुख के अर्थ में। युज्यते = प्रयुक्त होता है।
अनुवाद : लौकिक एवं वैदिक संस्कृत में पुल्लिंग क वर्ण का प्रयोग ब्रह्मा के अर्थ में, आत्मा के अर्थ में, सूर्य के अर्थ में, मयूर, अग्नि, यम एवं वायु. के अर्थ में तथा नपुंसक लिंग क वर्ण का प्रयोग शीष, जल और सुख के अर्थ में किया जाता है।
2. अन्वय : अज: छागे, हरे, विष्णौ, रघुजे, वेधसि, स्मरे, अब्ज: धन्वन्तरौ, चन्द्रे, शङ्खें अन्जम्। अन्जम् पद्म-सङ्ख्ययोः (प्रयुज्यते)।
शब्दार्थ : अजः = अज शब्द। छागे = बकरे के अर्थ में, हरे = हर – शिव के अर्थ में। रघुजे = रघु से जन्मे उनके पुत्र – अज – के अर्थ में। वेधसि = ब्रह्मा के अर्थ में। स्मरे = कामदेव के अर्थ में। अन्जः = पुं. शब्द - अब्ज शब्द। धन्वन्तरौ = धन्वन्तरी के अर्थ में। शङ्खे = शंख के अर्थ में। अब्जम् – अब्ज नपुं. शब्द। पद्म-सङ्ख्ययोः = कमल एवं संख्या – (एक के पश्चात् नव शून्य रखने पर बननेवाली संख्या) के अर्थ में।
अनुवाद : अज शब्द का प्रयोग बकरे, शिव, विष्णु, रघु-पुत्र – (अज), ब्रह्मा एवं कामदेव के अर्थ में तथा अब्ज-पुल्लिंग-शब्द धन्वन्तरी, चन्द्र एवं शङ्ख के अर्थ में तथा अब्ज नपुंसक लिंग शब्द का प्रयोग कमल एवं संख्या (एक के पश्चात् नव शून्य रखने पर निर्मित संख्या) के अर्थ में किया जाता है।
3. अन्वय : निरूपणम् विचारावलोकनयो: निदर्शने, निगरणम् भोजने पुन: निगरण: गले स्यात्।
शब्दार्थ : निरूपणम् = निरूपण शब्द। विचारावलोकनयोः = विचार करना एवं अवलोकन करना, जाँच करना इन दो अर्थों में। निदर्शने = निदर्शन, निश्चित रूप से देखने या दिखाने के अर्थ में। निगरणम् = निगरण, नपुं. लिंग का शब्द। भोजने = भोजन के अर्थ में। निगरणः = निगरण पुल्लिंग शब्द। गले = गले के अर्थ में।
अनुवाद : निरुपण नपुं. लिंग शब्द का प्रयोग विचार, देखने – जाँचने एवं निश्चित रूप से देखने या दिखाने के अर्थ में तथा निगरण नपुं. लिंग शब्द का प्रयोग भोजन के अर्थ में तथा निगरण – पुं. शब्द का प्रयोग गले के अर्थ में किया जाता है।
4. अन्वय : भृशं प्रकर्षे, अत्यर्थे च सामि तु अर्धे, जुगुप्सिते (च) अयि प्रश्ने अनुनये, अये क्रोधविषादयोः स्यात्।
शब्दार्थ : भृशम् = यह एक अव्यय-पद है। प्रकर्षो = प्रकर्ष अर्थात् अधिकता, उत्कृष्टता के अर्थ में। अत्यर्थे = अति अर्थात् अत्यधिक होने के अर्थ में। सामि = यह एक अव्यय-पद है। अर्धे = आधा (सौ का दूसरा भाग अथवा सम्पूर्ण का आधा भाग) जुगुप्सिते = निंदनीय के अर्थ में। अयि = यह एक अव्ययपद हैं। प्रश्न = प्रश्न करने के संदर्भ में। अनुनये = अनुनय – विनय करने के संदर्भ में। अये = यह एक अव्यय है। क्रोधविशादयोः = क्रोध एवं विषाद – शोक व्यक्त करने के संदर्भ में।
अनुवाद : भृशम् अव्यय शब्द का प्रयोग उत्कृष्टता, अधिकता एवं अति अर्थात् अत्यधिकता के अर्थ में तथा सामि अव्यय पद का प्रयोग आधे (सौ के द्वितीय भाग के रूप में या सम्पूर्ण के आधे) के अर्थ में तथा जुगुप्सा अर्थात् निन्दा के अर्थ में प्रयोग होता है। अयि अव्ययपद का प्रयोग प्रश्न पूछने के अर्थ में तथा अनुनय-विनय करने के संदर्भ में एवं अये अव्यय-पद का प्रयोग क्रोध तथा विषाद – शोक व्यक्त करने के संदर्भ में किया जाता है।
5. अन्वय : भूः, भूमिः, अचला, अनन्ता, रसा, विश्वम्भरा, स्थिता, धरा, धरित्री, धरणिः, क्षोणिः, ज्या, काश्यपी क्षितिः ।।
शब्दार्थ : अचला = विचलित न होनेवाली। अनन्ता = ' अंत रहित। रसा = रसों से युक्त, रसों को धारण करनेवाली – पृथ्वी । विश्वम्भरा = विश्व का भरण-पोषण करनेवाली पृथ्वी। स्थिता = स्थिर रहनेवाली – पृथ्वी। धरा = धारण करनेवाली – पृथ्वी, . धर अर्थात्, पर्वत, पर्वतों को धारण करने के कारण पृथ्वी को धरा साथ ही समस्त विश्व को धारण करने के कारण पृथ्वी को – धरित्री, धरणि भी कहा जाता है। क्षोणि: = पक्षियों को कलरव करानेवाली – पृथ्वी। ज्या = वय की हानि करानेवाली – पृथ्वी । काश्यपी = (कश्यप मुनि की है अतः) पृथ्वी। क्षितिः = (निवास-स्थली होने के कारण) धरती।
अनुवाद : भू भूमि, अचला, अनन्ता, रसा, विश्वम्भरा, स्थिता, धरा, धरित्री, धरणि, क्षोणि, ज्या, काश्यपी एवं क्षिति हैं। (अर्थात् ये सभी पृथ्वी के पर्याय-शब्द हैं।)
6. अन्वय : सर्वंसहा वसुमतिः, वसुधोर्वी, वसुन्धरा, गोत्रा, कुः, पृथिवी, पृथ्वी, क्षमा, अवनिः, मेदनी, मही (अस्ति)।
शब्दार्थ : सर्वंसहा = सबकुछ सहन करनेवाली पृथ्वी। वसुमती = वसु अर्थात् धन-ऐश्वर्य, अतः वसु से युक्त अथवा वसु को धारण करने के कारण पृथ्वी को वसुमती, वसुधा एवं वसुन्धरा कहा जाता है। ऊर्वी = विस्तार को धारण करनेवाली – पृथ्वी। गोत्रा = गोत्र – पर्वतों से युक्त – पृथ्वी। कुः = शब्द करनेवाली – पृथ्वी। पृथिवी = विस्तार युक्त है एवं पृथु राजा की संतान रूप होने के कारण भूमि को पृथ्वी भी कहा जाता है। क्ष्मा = सहन करनेवाली है अतः (भूमि)। अवनिः = रक्षण कत्री है अतः (भूमि)। मेदनी = मेद-चरबी युक्त है अतः (भूमि)। मही = जिसमें प्राणियों की पूजा होती है वह (भूमि)।
अनुवाद : सर्वंसहा वसुमति, वसुधा, ऊर्वी, वसुन्धरा, गोत्रा, कु, पृथिवी, पृथ्वी, क्षमा, अवनि, मेदनी (एवं) मही (है।)
7. अन्वय : अथ अस्ति, भवति, विद्यते सत्तायाम् च उत्पद्यते, जायते, च प्ररोहति उद्भवति अपि जन्मनि।
शब्दार्थ : अस्ति = एक क्रियापद। भवति = एक क्रियापद। विद्यते = एक क्रियापद। सत्तायाम् = सत्ता अर्थात् अस्तित्व अथवा होने के भाव में। उत्पद्यते = एक क्रियापद है, जायते – यह एक क्रियापद है। जन्मनि = जन्म के अर्थ में।।
अनुवाद : अस्ति, भवति और विद्यते का प्रयोग सत्ता अर्थात् होने (है, होता है) के अर्थ में और उत्पद्यते, जायते, प्ररोहति (एवं) उद्भवति भी उत्पन्न होने के अर्थ में प्रयुक्त होते हैं।
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GSEB Solutions Class 11 Sanskrit Chapter 10 अनेकार्थसप्तकम्
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