GSEB Class 11 Hindi Solutions Chapter 18 पहली चूक

Gseb Std 11 Hindi Textbook Solutions Chapter 18 पहली चूक

Gseb Std 11 Hindi Digest पहली चूक Textbook Questions And Answers

स्वाध्याय

 

Question 1. लेखक ने किस व्यवसाय को उत्तम व्यवसाय कहा है. ?
(क) खेती
(ख) कपड़े (बनाई)
(ग) लोहे
(घ) पशुपालन
Answer: (क) खेती
In simple words: The author considers agriculture to be the best profession.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identifying the author's primary perspective on professions is key to scoring in descriptive answers.

 

Question 2. इनमें से गोबर का स्थान कहाँ है ?
(क) पंचभूत
(ख) पंचगव्य
(ग) पंचवटी
(घ) पंचदेव
Answer: (ख) पंचगव्य
In simple words: Cow dung is considered one of the five sacred products derived from cows, collectively known as Panchagavya.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding the cultural or traditional significance of terms like 'Panchagavya' is important for comprehension.

 

Question 3. लेखक किसका शौकीन है ?
(क) खेल खेलने का
(ख) पढ़ने का
(ग) सिनेमा देखने का
(घ) घूमने का
Answer: (ग) सिनेमा देखने का
In simple words: The author has a keen interest in watching cinema.

🎯 Exam Tip: Simple recall questions about character preferences are common, so note details about the author's hobbies.

 

Question 4. लेखक ने बाज़रा को क्या समझा था ?
(क) आदमी
(ख) पेड़
(ग) जानवर
(घ) पक्षी
Answer: (क) आदमी
In simple words: The author initially mistook the bajra (millet) plant for a person.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question tests attention to detail regarding specific misunderstandings or humorous events in the narrative.

 

Question 5. लेखक शहर जाकर क्या करना चाहते थे?
(क) व्यवसाय
(ख) अध्यापन
(ग) खेती
(घ) रिसर्च
Answer: (घ) रिसर्च
In simple words: The author's intention was to pursue research activities upon moving to the city.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing the protagonist's aspirations helps in understanding their motivation and the story's context.

2. निम्नलिखित दिए गये विधानों की पूर्ति उचित विकल्प चुनकर कीजिए :

 

Question 1. बेटा यह खेती का पेशा तुमसे नहीं चलेगा। यह तो हम जैसे....है।
(क) जाहिलों के लिए
(ख) समझदारों के लिए
(ग) अनपढ़ों के लिए
(घ) शिक्षित लोगों के लिए
Answer: (क) जाहिलों के लिए
In simple words: The statement implies that farming is considered a profession suitable for uneducated or ignorant people.

🎯 Exam Tip: Contextual fill-in-the-blank questions often reveal underlying attitudes or societal perceptions presented in the text.

 

Question 2. अध्ययन करते-करते मैं इस नतीजे पर पँहुचा कि आदर्श खेती गाँव में ......... Ι
(क) हो सकती है
(ख) नहीं हो सकती है
(ग) आसानी से हो सकती है.
(घ) मुश्किल से हो सकती है
Answer: (ख) नहीं हो सकती है
In simple words: After extensive study, the author concluded that ideal farming is not achievable in a village setting.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to the conclusions drawn by the characters after their experiences or observations, as these reflect the story's message.

 

Question 3. मेरे मुँह से पवित्रता की बात सुनते ही चचा
(क) आश्चर्य चकित रह गए।
(ख) दंग रह गए।
(ग) भौचक्के रह गए।
(घ)
Answer: (ख) दंग रह गए।
In simple words: The uncle was astonished upon hearing the author speak of purity.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding character reactions to specific dialogues helps gauge the emotional tone and dynamics of the story.

 

Question 4. दूसरे दिन से ही मुझे इस बात की चिंता हुई कि ऐसी चूक मुझ से कहीं..............।
(क) तीसरी बार न हो जाय।
(ख) वापस न हो जाय।
(ग) दुबारा न हो जाये।
(घ) फिर से न हो जाए।
Answer: (ग) दुबारा न हो जाये।
In simple words: From the next day, the author worried that such a mistake might not be repeated by him.

🎯 Exam Tip: Analyze the character's internal thoughts and concerns as they often reveal their learning or emotional state after an event.

3. निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के एक-एक वाक्य में उत्तर दीजिए :

 

Question 1. लेखक कौन-सी कहावत कई बार सुन चुके थे ?
Answer: The author had frequently heard the proverb: "उत्तम खेती, मध्यम बान, अधम चाकरी, भीख निदान" (Agriculture is the best, trade is mediocre, service is inferior, and begging is the worst means of livelihood).
In simple words: The author was familiar with the saying that ranked farming as the best livelihood and begging as the lowest.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowledge of common proverbs mentioned in the text can illuminate the cultural context and traditional wisdom guiding characters.

 

Question 2. लेखक को बीज और खाद खरीदने कहाँ जाना पड़ा ?
Answer: The author first had to visit the seed warehouse and subsequently travel to the city to purchase seeds and fertilizers.
In simple words: The author had to go to the seed store and then the city to buy seeds and fertilizers.

🎯 Exam Tip: Specific details about character movements or tasks highlight the practical challenges they face in the narrative.

 

Question 3. लेखक ने बाजरे को क्या-क्या समझा ?
Answer: The author mistook the bajra (millet) plant for both a human being and a shady tree.
In simple words: The author confused the bajra plant with a person and a shady tree.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recalling specific instances of misunderstanding demonstrates comprehension of the narrative's humorous or naive elements.

4. निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के दो-तीन वाक्यों में उत्तर दीजिए :

 

Question 1. लेखक के चाचा ने लेखक को क्या समझाया?
Answer: The author's uncle explained that while farming is a noble profession, it's not suited for English-educated individuals. He emphasized that agricultural work demands constant engagement with water, sweat, soil, and cow dung, which is unsuitable for educated people like the author, requiring them to move among fields of pigeon pea stalks.
In simple words: The uncle told the author that farming is a good job but tough for educated people, requiring constant hard work with soil and manure.

🎯 Exam Tip: Analyzing dialogues between characters provides insight into their differing perspectives and the societal views presented in the story.

 

Question 2. लेखक के चाचा का खेत कहाँ पर स्थित है ?
Answer: The author's uncle's field is situated south of the village, past Ramesar's garden, along the western path branching off the main lane. It lies north of the path and east of the boundary line, adjacent to a sugarcane field and a bajra (millet) field.
In simple words: The uncle's field is located south of the village, past Ramesar's garden, on a path leading west, and is near sugarcane and bajra fields.

🎯 Exam Tip: Precise description of locations helps establish the setting and visual imagery of the narrative.

 

Question 3. कुआँ देखकर लेखक ने क्या किया ?
Answer: While following his uncle's directions to his field, the author saw a well. Remembering movie scenes where heroines draw water from wells and heroes converse with them en route to the fields, the author whistled. However, the well remained deserted, and nothing happened.
In simple words: The author saw a well, whistled, remembering movie scenes, but nothing happened as it was deserted.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question assesses the ability to recount specific events and the character's actions driven by their cinematic imagination versus reality.

 

Question 4. रामचरन जोर-जोर से क्यों हँसने लगा ?
Answer: When the author asked Ramcharan, who was standing on the field's boundary, if his name was Bajra, Ramcharan became flustered and clarified that his name was Ramcharan. The author then asked him to identify the bajra, causing Ramcharan to burst into laughter at the author's apparent ignorance.
In simple words: Ramcharan laughed loudly because the author mistook him for a bajra plant, showing his ignorance about farming.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding the cause of a character's reaction, especially laughter, highlights moments of humor or irony in the story.

5. निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के सविस्तार उत्तर दीजिए :

 

Question 1. चाचा को खेती का महत्त्व बताने के लिए लेखक ने कौन-कौन से उदाहरण दिए ?
Answer: When his uncle dismissively called farming a profession for the uneducated, the author countered by stating it was not so. He cited several prominent figures who were involved in agriculture: renowned individuals had written extensive works on farming; Tolstoy himself became a farmer; the poet Valmiki engaged in horticulture; Gladstone cut wood; and in India, Gautam Rishi cultivated wheat. Thus, the author presented these examples of great personalities to underscore the importance of agriculture as a superior occupation.
In simple words: To prove farming's importance, the author mentioned Tolstoy, Valmiki, and Gautam Rishi, who were all involved in agriculture, showing it's not just for the uneducated.

🎯 Exam Tip: Citing specific examples or arguments used by a character to support their view is crucial for detailed answers.

 

Question 2. सिनेमा द्वारा किस प्रकार की खेती की शिक्षा मिलती है. ?
Answer: In films, heroes are often depicted singing while plowing fields. Heroines arrive at the field with food baskets, and they play hide-and-seek amidst the lush crops. During harvest, heroines, accompanied by many girls, dance and sing, with the crops seemingly cutting themselves. This cinematic portrayal offers a romanticized and unrealistic view of farming.
In simple words: Movies show farming unrealistically, with heroes singing while plowing, heroines playing in fields, and crops harvesting themselves magically, giving a false impression.

🎯 Exam Tip: Comparing idealized cinematic portrayals with reality, as done in the text, demonstrates critical thinking about media influence.

 

Question 3. लेखक को देहात से क्यों निराशा हुई ?
Answer: Following his uncle's instructions, the author was heading towards his field during the month of Kuwar (Autumn). He expected an atmosphere similar to what he had seen in movies. Ahead, he spotted a well and recalled cinematic scenes where heroines filled water and heroes conversed with them. The author whistled, but the well remained silent and empty; no anklets jingled, no pot was seen, and the playful hide-and-seek scene or chorus songs from heroes were absent. The author disliked this dullness and found the rural reality disappointing.
In simple words: The author was disappointed with village life because it didn't match the romanticized scenes he'd seen in movies, finding it dull and uneventful.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explaining a character's disappointment requires detailing their expectations versus the reality they encountered, showcasing the theme of illusion versus reality.

 

Question 4. लेखक को बार-बार शहर क्यों जाना पड़ा ?
Answer: The author had to repeatedly visit the city for various agricultural needs. He initially went to the seed store to purchase seeds and fertilizers, but as the staff were in the city, he had to follow. He also needed good plows for his fields and travelled to the city for their purchase. Additionally, getting a new pipe installed in the canal required approval from a senior engineer, leading to another city trip. Buying pesticides and lodging a complaint against an agricultural department employee also necessitated visits to the city. Thus, the author had to frequently travel to the city to resolve problems related to farming.
In simple words: The author frequently went to the city for farming needs like buying seeds, fertilizers, plows, getting canal pipe approvals, purchasing pesticides, and lodging complaints, as village resources were insufficient.

🎯 Exam Tip: Listing the multiple reasons for an action demonstrates comprehensive understanding of the practical challenges faced by the character.

 

Question 5. पहली चूक किससे हुई, और कैसे ?
Answer: The uncle told the author that he never mistakes a person for something else, but he made a mistake in identifying the author, calling it his "first error." The author, however, corrected him, saying, "The mistake wasn't yours, it was mine." He explained that his first mistake occurred when he initially thought the bajra (millet) plant was a person, and then later, that it was a shady tree. Therefore, while the uncle felt he made the first mistake in identifying the author, the author himself believed his first mistake was in misidentifying the bajra.
In simple words: The uncle thought his first mistake was misjudging the author, but the author corrected him, saying his own first mistake was confusing a bajra plant with a person and then a tree.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question explores the nuances of misjudgment and perspective, requiring an explanation of both characters' understanding of the "first mistake."

6. विलोम शब्द लिखिए :

 

Question 1. विलोम शब्द लिखिए :
1. प्रशंसा
2. उन्नति
3. सुनसान
4. निराशा
Answer:
1. प्रशंसा × निंदा
2. उन्नति × अवनति
3. सुनसान × आबाद
4. निराशा × आशा
In simple words: These are pairs of words with opposite meanings, like praise and criticism, progress and decline, deserted and populated, and despair and hope.

🎯 Exam Tip: Mastering antonyms enhances vocabulary and comprehension, essential for language-based questions.

 

Question 2. प्रत्यय अलग करके मूल शब्द लिखिए :
1. प्रभावित
2. लड़कियाँ
3. मित्रता
4. वैज्ञानिक
5. प्रसन्नतापूर्वक
Answer:
1. प्रभावित – इत
2. लड़कियाँ – इयाँ
3. मित्रता – ता
4. वैज्ञानिक – इक
5. प्रसन्नतापूर्वक – ता, (पूर्वक)
In simple words: This exercise involves separating suffixes (प्रत्यय) from root words (मूल शब्द), showing how words are formed.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding prefixes and suffixes is fundamental to Hindi grammar and word formation, crucial for vocabulary and linguistic analysis.

Gseb Solutions Class 11 Hindi पहली चूक Important Questions And Answers

निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर एक-एक वाक्य में लिखिए :

 

Question 1. खेती के पेशे में किनसे खेलना पड़ता है?
Answer: In the profession of farming, one has to interact continuously with water, sweat, soil, and cow dung day and night.
In simple words: In farming, one constantly deals with water, sweat, soil, and cow dung.

🎯 Exam Tip: Short answers require direct and concise responses, focusing on the core facts mentioned in the text.

 

Question 2. लेखक को खेती करने की शिक्षा किससे मिली थी?
Answer: The author received his knowledge and understanding of farming from cinema.
In simple words: The author learned about farming from movies.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question highlights the author's initial, perhaps misguided, source of information regarding farming.

 

Question 3. लेखक ने अधेड़ किसान से क्या पूछा?
Answer: The author asked the middle-aged farmer, "Is your name Bajra (millet)?"
In simple words: The author asked the farmer if his name was Bajra.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recalling specific dialogues helps demonstrate attention to detail and comprehension of key interactions.

व्याकरण

समानार्थी शब्द लिखिए :

 

• उत्तम = श्रेष्ठ
• अधम = निकृष्ट, निम्न
• निदान = आखिर, तुच्छ
• कुदरत = भाग्य, प्रकृति
• पेशा = व्यवसाय
• जाहिल = निकम्मा, अनपढ़
• उन्नति = प्रगति
• चूक = भूल
In simple words: This list provides synonyms for various Hindi words, enriching vocabulary.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing synonyms is essential for improving linguistic proficiency and for answering vocabulary-based questions accurately.

विरुद्धार्थी शब्द लिखिए :

 

• उत्तम × अधम
• मधुर × कटु
• हल्का × भारी
• मित्रता × शत्रुता
• चूक × अचूक
• समस्या × समाधान
• उचित × अनुचित
In simple words: This list presents pairs of antonyms, showing words with opposite meanings.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding antonyms is crucial for mastering vocabulary and comprehending semantic relationships between words.

शब्दों में से उपसर्ग अलग कीजिए :

 

• विमुख – वि
• व्यवसाय – वि
• विभाग – वि
• दुबारा – दु
• निराशा – निर्
• अनपढ़ – अन
• विग्रह – वि
In simple words: This section focuses on identifying and separating prefixes (उपसर्ग) from the main words, illustrating word construction.

🎯 Exam Tip: Correctly identifying prefixes helps in understanding word meanings and structure, a vital skill in Hindi grammar.

 

• अनुचित – अन्
In simple words: The prefix 'an' in 'anuchit' (अनुचित) signifies 'not' or 'improper'.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognizing common prefixes like 'an' (अन्) in Hindi can quickly reveal the negated or opposite meaning of a word.

शब्दों में से प्रत्यय अलग कीजिए :

 

• छायादार – दार
• घबराहट - आहट
In simple words: This exercise involves separating suffixes like 'dar' (दार) and 'ahat' (आहट) from their root words.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding suffixes helps in identifying the grammatical function or derived meaning of words.

पहली चूक Summary In Gujarati

ભાવાત્મક અનુવાદ :

લાચારીથી ગામમાં રહેવાનો નિર્ણય લેખકને બી.એ. પાસ ક્ય પછી શહેરમાં કોઈ નોકરી મળતી નથી, એટલે તે ગામમાં જઈને ખેતી કરવાનો નિર્ણય કરે છે. કાકાની સલાહ: લેખકના કાકા તેને સમજાવે છે કે ખેતીનો વ્યવસાય તેનાથી નહીં થઈ શકે. એ ભણેલા-ગણેલા માણસોનું કામ નથી, અભણ-અણસમજુ લોકોનું કામ છે, પરંતુ લેખક તેમને પોતાની વાતોથી પ્રભાવિત કરી લે છે.

લેખક ખેતરોમાં બીજે દિવસે લેખક પોતાના કાકા દ્વારા દેખાડેલા માર્ગે તેમના ખેડાઈ રહેલા ખેતરે જાય છે. માર્ગમાં તેમને ગામડા વિશે ફિલ્મોમાં બતાવવામાં આવતાં દશ્ય જોવા મળતાં નથી. તેથી તેમને તો ગામડા પ્રત્યે ભારે નિરાશા થાય છે.

હાસ્યપાત્ર: કાકા દ્વારા બતાવેલી વસ્તુઓને આધારે લેખક ખેતરની પાસે પહોંચી જાય છે. કાકાએ કહ્યું હતું કે જ્યાં બાજરો ઊભો છે, ત્યાં પાસે જ તેમનું ખેતર છે. લેખક ત્યાં ઊભેલા એક ખેડૂતને પૂછે છે, “આપનું નામ બાજરો તો નથી ?” ખેડૂત આ સાંભળીને વિમાસણમાં પડી જાય છે અને કહે છે કે તેનું નામ તો રામચરણ છે. જ્યારે લેખક તેને કહે છે કે તેઓ બાજરાના વૃક્ષનો છાંયડો શોધી રહ્યા છે, જેની પાસે તેમના કાકાનાં ખેતર છે. આ સાંભળીને તે તેમના અજ્ઞાન પર ખડખડાટ હસવા લાગે છે.

શહેરના વારંવાર આંટાફેરા લેખકને ખેતીસંબંધી બીજ, ખાતર, હળ, સિંચાઈની પાઇપ, કીટનાશક દવાઓ વગેરે ખરીદવા અને કૃષિ વિભાગના કર્મચારીની ફરિયાદ કરવા માટે શહેરના એટલા આંટા મારવા પડે છે કે આ બધાથી વિમુખ થઈ જઈને તેઓ વૈજ્ઞાનિક રીતે ખેતી કરવા માટે શહેરના માર્ગ પકડે છે.

पहली चूक Summary In Hindi

विषय-प्रवेश :

कल्पना के गांव और वास्तविक गाँव में जमीन आसमान का अंतर होता है। कुछ शहरी लोग फिल्मों में दर्शाए और पुस्तकों में लिखे गए गावों के आकर्षक दृश्यों और वर्णनों से प्रभावित होकर गावों में रहकर खेती करने का निश्चय करते हैं, पर वहाँ की वास्तविकता से सामना होने पर उनका मोह भंग हो जाता है और वे हँसी के पात्र बनकर अंत में शहर का रास्ता पकड़ लेते हैं। प्रस्तुत रचना में लेखक ने यही बताने का प्रयास किया है।

मुहावरे - अर्थ और वाक्य-प्रयोग

आँख मिचौनी खेलना – लुका-छिपी का खेल खेलना
वाक्य : शिकारी और शेर जंगल में आँख मिचौनी खेल रहे थे।

राह फूटना – रास्ता निकलना
वाक्य : सड़क से गांव में जाने के लिए एक राह फूटती है।

बात पलटना-बात बदलना
वाक्य : गवाह ने ऐन वख्त पर अपनी बात पलट दी।

पाठ का सार :

मजबूरी में गांव में रहने का निर्णय : लेखक को बी.ए. पास करने के बाद शहर में कोई नौकरी नहीं मिलती, तो वे गांव जाकर खेती करने का निर्णय करते हैं।

चाचा की सलाह : लेखक के चाचा उन्हें समझाते हैं कि खेती का पेशा उनसे नहीं होगा। यह पढ़े-लिखे लोगों का नहीं, जाहिल लोगों का मोटा काम है। पर लेखक उन्हें अपनी बातों से प्रभावित कर लेते हैं।

लेखक खेतों पर : दूसरे दिन लेखक अपने चाचा द्वारा बताए हुए मार्ग से जोते जा रहे अपने खेत को देखने जाते हैं। रास्ते में उन्हें गावों के बारे में फिल्मों में दिखाई देनेवाले दृश्य देखने को नहीं मिलते, तो उन्हें देहात से बड़ी निराशा होती है।

हंसी के पात्र : चाचा द्वारा बताई गई चीजों का अंदाजा लगाते हुए लेखक खेत के पास पहुंच जाते हैं। चाचा ने उन्हें बताया था कि जहाँ बाजरा खड़ा है, उनका खेत उसके पास है। लेखक वहाँ खड़े एक किसान से पूछते हैं, "आपका नाम बाजरा तो नहीं है?” किसान यह सुनकर अचकचा जाता है और कहता है कि उसका नाम तो रामचरन है। जब वे उससे कहते हैं कि वे बाजरे के पेड़ की छाँह ढूंढ़ रहे हैं, जिसके पास उनके चाचा का खेत है, तो वह उनके अज्ञान पर खिलखिला कर हंसने लगता है।

शहर के बार-बार चक्कर : लेखक को खेती से संबंधित बीज, खाद, हल, सिंचाई की पाइप, कीटाणुनाशक दवाइयों आदि को खरीदने और कृषि विभाग के कर्मचारी की शिकायत करने के लिए शहर के इतने चक्कर लगाने पड़ते हैं कि इन सबसे विमुख होकर शहर में जाकर वे वहीं से वैज्ञानिक खेती करने के लिए शहर का रास्ता पकड़ लेते हैं।

पहली चूक शब्दार्थ :

• कहावत – लोक में प्रचलित चमत्कारिक वाक्य।
• अधम – निम्न या निकृष्ट कोटि का।
• चाकरी – नौकरी।
• निदान – अंतिम, अंत।
• उत्तम – सबसे अच्छा, सर्वश्रेष्ठ।
• व्यवसाय – व्यापार।
• कुदरत – प्रकृति।
• पेशा – जीविका के लिए किया जानेवाला उद्यम।
• जाहिल – मूर्ख, नासमझ।
• पंचभूत – पंचतत्त्व (पृथ्वी, जल, अग्नि, वायु, आकाश)।
• पंचगव्य – गाय से मिलनेवाले पाँच द्रव्य (दूध, दही, घी, गोबर और गोमूत्र)।
• हार्टिकल्चर – उद्यान और कृषि।
• मेंड – खेतों के चारों ओर मिट्टी की ऊंची सीमा।
• कोरस – एकसाथ कई लोगों का गाना।
• छांह – छाया।
• अँपना – लज्जित होना, शरमाना।
• हताश – जिसकी आशा नष्ट हो गई हो।
• जोताई – खेत का जोता जाना।
• कीटाणुनाशक – कीड़ों-मकोड़ो को नष्ट करनेवाली (दवा)।
• कृषि-शास्त्र – खेती से संबंधित विज्ञान।
• चूक – भूल, गलती।