GSEB Class 10 English Solutions Chapter 8 Our Feathered Friends

Name of the Bird	Habitat	Size	Colour	Special Information
Tailor bird	Lives around us.	Medium	Yellowish, rust	Stitches its nest with green leaves and fibres of trees.
Grey Hornbill	Lives in the wild, as well as urban areas, especially in large trees.	Medium	Grey	Its beak has an extra portion which looks like a horn. It nests in hollows of tall trees.
Weaver bird	Lives in grasslands, cultivated areas and scrubs.	Small	Yellowish, grey	Weaves its nest with long, thread-like grass leaves.
Vulture	Lives in forest areas.	Large	Grey	It keeps our surroundings clean by eating dead animals. It has a sharp, curved beak.
House Sparrow	Lives around human beings.	Small	Grey	We have destroyed their homes, so we get to see very few sparrows now.
Rosy Pastor	Lives in cold regions like Europe. Migrates to India in June/ July.	Small	Dull brown and pink	It flies in a flock. It takes the help of the sun to find its way.

In simple words: This table helps organize details about different birds, including where they live, their size, color, and unique features. You list birds you like and fill in these facts for each.

Exam Tip: When filling out a table, ensure all required categories are completed for each entry. Be concise and accurate with your information.

 

Question 2. Write True or False.
Question 1. Because of our carelessness, the population of vultures is decreasing.
Answer: True
In simple words: Due to human oversight and mistakes, the number of vultures is going down.
Question 2. Birds should be fed with grains and farsart.
Answer: False
In simple words: It is not correct to say that birds should be fed only with grains and farsart; they need a varied diet.
Question 3. Prey birds like vultures hunt smaller birds for their food.
Answer: False
In simple words: Vultures are not hunters of smaller birds; they typically eat dead animals.
Question 4. The weaver bird and the tailor bird are the same birds.
Answer: False
In simple words: The weaver bird and the tailor bird are two different types of birds, not the same.
Question 5. Birds can travel anywhere without the help of a map.
Answer: True
In simple words: Birds are able to journey to different places without needing a map, using their natural instincts.
Question 6. The migratory birds generally travel in larger groups or flocks.
Answer: True
In simple words: Birds that move to different places for seasons often travel together in big groups.
Question 7. The Grey Hornbills are generally not found S in the Indian subcontinent.
Answer: False
In simple words: Grey Hornbills are commonly found in the southern parts of the Indian subcontinent.
Question 8. Male sughari weaves more than one nest in the nesting season.
Answer: True
In simple words: During the breeding period, a male sughari bird builds more than one nest.

Exam Tip: For True/False questions, read each statement carefully and compare it with your knowledge or the provided text to ensure accuracy.

 

Question 3. Tick mark the most appropriate options.
Question 1. Shubhangi saw tailor bird.
(a) a smaller
(b) a female
(c) a male
(d) a yellowish
Answer: (b) a female
In simple words: Shubhangi saw a tailor bird that was a female.
Question 2. The vultures prove to be the best friends for human being because they....
(a) clean our surroundings
(b) are hunters
(c) are non-vegetarians
(d) are bird-friendly
Answer: (a) clean our surroundings
In simple words: Vultures are good for humans because they keep the environment clean.
Question 3. Who, according to you, is responsible for a half-completed nest ?
(a) the male weaver bird
(b) the females
(c) the would-be mother
(d) the maker itself
Answer: (b) the females
In simple words: In your opinion, the female birds are the reason why some nests are not finished.
Question 4. It is observed that the female in almost all species is....
(a) larger and attractive looking
(b) smaller and dull in look
(c) as good looking as the male
(d) dull in comparison with the male
Answer: (d) dull in comparison with the male
In simple words: Most of the time, the female of a species looks less bright compared to the male.

Exam Tip: For multiple-choice questions, eliminate obviously incorrect options first, then choose the best fit among the remaining choices based on your knowledge or the passage.

 

Question 4. Frame questions to get the underlined words as answers.
Example: The female in most of the species looks duller in comparison to the male.
How does the female in most species look in comparison to the male ?
(1) We find two types of birds : birds of prey and small birds.
(i) Answer: How many types of birds do we find ?
(ii) Answer: Which are the two types of birds that we find ?
In simple words: For the first part, you need to ask a question to find out the number of bird types. For the second part, you need to ask a question to identify the specific bird types found.
(2) The male hornbill takes care of the female and the new-born babies.
Answer: Who takes care of the female and the new-born babies ?
In simple words: You must ask a question that finds out which specific bird looks after the female and the new chicks.
(3) Shubhangi saw a number of nests of the weaver birds on the babool trees.
(i) Answer: How many nests of the weaver birds did Shubhangi see on the babool trees ?
(ii) Answer: Where did Shubhangi see a number of nests of the weaver birds ?
In simple words: The first part asks you to form a question about the quantity of nests Shubhangi saw. The second part asks you to form a question about the location where Shubhangi observed the nests.
(4) The male weaver bird invites the female bird to observe the half-completed nest.
(i) Answer: Whom does the male weaver bird invite to observe the half-completed nest ?
(ii) Answer: Why does the male weaver bird invite the female bird?
In simple words: The first question asks who the male weaver bird calls to look at its unfinished nest. The second asks the reason for this invitation.
(5) Vultures are known as scavengers.
Answer: What are the vultures known as?
In simple words: You need to ask a question that identifies the common name or role of vultures.
(6) The beak of a vulture is designed to tear the flesh from the dead bodies.
Answer: How is the beak of the vulture designed?
In simple words: You need to ask a question about the special shape or purpose of a vulture's beak.
(7) We should observe the colour, size, shape and the length of a bird while watching it.
Answer: What should we observe while watching a bird?
In simple words: You should ask what features of a bird we should pay attention to when watching it.

Exam Tip: To frame questions, identify the underlined part as the answer and then create an interrogative sentence that elicits that specific information.

 

Question 5. Answer these questions in one line.
Question 1. What does Devangi study ? Where ?
Answer: Devangi studies zoology in M.S. University in Vadodara.
In simple words: Devangi learns about animals and their behaviors at a university located in Vadodara.
Question 2. What is Shubhangi interested in ?
Answer: Shubhangi is interested in birds.
In simple words: Shubhangi has a strong interest in learning about birds.
Question 3. What did Shubhangi want to know from Devangi ?
Answer: Shubhangi wanted to know about birds from Devangi.
In simple words: Shubhangi wished to get more information about birds from Devangi.
Question 4. What do the birds of prey do ?
Answer: Birds of prey hunt small birds for food.
In simple words: Birds that hunt for food catch smaller birds to eat.
Question 5. Why has nature made the female birds smaller and duller ?
Answer: Nature has made the female birds smaller and duller to hide them from hunters.
In simple words: Female birds are smaller and less colorful so they can stay hidden from predators.
Question 6. How is the beak of a Hornbill ?
Answer: The beak of a Hornbill has an extra portion like a horn.
In simple words: A Hornbill's beak features an extra growth that looks like a horn.
Question 7. Where does Nazmin live ?
Answer: Nazmin lives in the Polo forest.
In simple words: Nazmin's home is located within the Polo forest area.

Exam Tip: For "one line" answers, be concise and provide only the essential information without unnecessary details.

 

Question 6. Answer these questions in two or three sentences each.
Question 1. In what way are the birds very useful to us ?
Answer: Birds eat insects that are harmful to crops. They also help in spreading seeds. Furthermore, they entertain us with their sweet chirping.
In simple words: Birds help farmers by eating bugs, spread plant seeds, and make us happy with their lovely songs.
Question 2. Have you observed a tailor bird ? How does it build its nest ?
Answer: Yes, I have observed the tailor bird. It stitches its nest using green leaves and fibres from trees, creating a cozy home.
In simple words: I have seen a tailor bird. It builds its nest by sewing together green leaves and tree fibers.
Question 3. Which are the basic tips for bird – watching ?
Answer: While bird watching, you should observe the bird's colour and size. You should also notice the shape and length of its bill and tail. Additionally, see where it is perched—on a tree, wire, in water, or on open ground.
In simple words: To watch birds, look closely at their color, size, beak shape, tail length, and where they are resting.
Question 4. What does the weaver bird or sughari use to build the nest ?
Answer: The weaver bird or sughari utilizes long, thread-like grass leaves to construct its nest. These specific leaves allow it to weave an intricate and sturdy home.
In simple words: The weaver bird makes its nest using long, thin grass leaves, weaving them carefully.

Exam Tip: When providing answers in two or three sentences, ensure you cover the main points of the question comprehensively but without excessive detail.

 

Question 5. Why are vultures not seen in the sky ?
Answer: Nowadays, people utilize a medicine known as diclofenac to treat sick cattle. When these cattle pass away, vultures consume them. After eating such flesh, a vulture dies within a few days. This happens because diclofenac is extremely harmful to vultures.
In simple words: Vultures are not seen because people use a bad medicine for sick cows. When cows die and vultures eat them, the medicine makes the vultures die quickly.

Exam Tip: When discussing environmental issues, always explain the cause-and-effect relationship clearly to score full marks.

 

Question 6. Why are birds like sparrows disappearing from human habitats ?
Answer: Birds such as sparrows are vanishing from human areas because we have ruined their homes. We construct our houses in a way that sparrows cannot enter them. We do not permit them to build nests in our residences.
In simple words: Sparrows are disappearing because we destroyed their homes and build houses where they cannot make nests.

Exam Tip: Focus on human impact and habitat changes when explaining population decline of urban birds.

 

Question 7. From where do the rosy pastors migrate ? What is the speciality in their migration ?
Answer: Rosy pastors migrate from the cool areas of Europe. They use the sun to navigate their route. When they arrive, they journey in the morning, and during their return journey, they fly in the evening.
In simple words: Rosy pastors fly from cold parts of Europe. They use the sun to find their way. They travel in the morning when coming and in the evening when going back.

Exam Tip: Always mention the origin and direction of migration, along with any unique features of their travel, such as the use of natural navigation cues.

 

Question 8. How can we help the birds ?
Answer: We can assist birds by giving them grains and fresh water. We can also make sparrow nests using cardboard boxes, offering them safe places to live.
In simple words: We can help birds by giving them food and water, and by making simple nests for them from cardboard boxes.

Exam Tip: Provide practical and achievable ways to help birds, focusing on basic needs like food, water, and shelter.

7. Write short notes with the help of the given points.

 

Question 1. The House Sparrow
Answer: The house sparrow is a small bird. The male sparrow features a brightly colored body with a gray head, white cheeks, and a black bib. The female sparrow is plain brown in hue. The house sparrow is a very friendly bird; it makes the environment vibrant with its constant chirping. It enjoys living close to people and feels secure residing with us. However, we have damaged its home. Our house designs prevent sparrows from entering. We keep sparrows away from our properties. As a result, we see fewer sparrows nowadays. We can prepare sparrow nests using cardboard boxes and provide them with grains and water. This will encourage sparrows to live among us and help save them from extinction.
In simple words: The house sparrow is a small, friendly bird that chirps a lot and likes being near humans. But we have destroyed their homes with our house designs, making them disappear. We can help them by making nests from cardboard boxes and giving them food and water.

Exam Tip: When writing a short note, ensure you cover all the provided points comprehensively, using descriptive language.

 

Question 2. The nest-building procedure of sughari size - colour - appearance - weaver bird is gifted with the skill of weaving nests-it prefers long thread-like grass leaves to build the nests - male weaver birds build nests - the male invites the female for pairing when the nest is half-complete - female approves - they (make a pair-if disapproves, the nest is abandoned-a beauty and wonder of nature
Answer: The weaver bird, also known as sughari in Gujarati, is a small bird. Both males and females have a brownish color, but the male possesses a bright yellow crown and a yellowish neck. The sughari has a natural talent for weaving its nests. It prefers long, thread-like grass leaves to build its nest, and the male weaver bird builds the actual nest. It takes almost 18 days to finish the nest. When the nest is halfway done, the male invites the female for pairing by singing. If she accepts the nest, both birds complete it. If she does not, the nest is left. Therefore, a male often constructs many nests during the breeding season. It is truly a beautiful and amazing wonder of nature.
In simple words: The sughari, or weaver bird, is small and skilled at weaving nests from long grass. The male builds the nest and invites a female. If she likes it, they finish it; if not, he leaves it and builds another, showing a unique natural process.

Exam Tip: Detail the specific steps of the nest-building process and the roles of both male and female birds to fully explain the procedure.

 

Question 3. Bird migration
Answer: Each year, thousands of birds travel to India from the cold regions of Europe, Siberia, and other countries. Birds like pelicans, cranes, various ducks, and rosy pastors fly thousands of kilometers to India. These migratory birds use the sun to help them find their path. When they arrive, they journey in the morning, and during their return journey, they fly in the evening. Migratory birds fly in different ways. For example, birds such as cranes, ducks, and geese fly in a 'V' formation. Certain ducks, warblers, and flycatchers travel in groups.
In simple words: Many birds fly thousands of miles from cold places to India each year, guided by the sun. They fly in the morning when coming and in the evening when returning, often in groups or specific shapes like a 'V'.

Exam Tip: When describing migration, include details like origin, destination, navigation methods, timing, and flight patterns to provide a comprehensive answer.

8. Give your views. You may use your mother tongue. (Classroom / Individual Activity)

(1) Along with your friends, prepare a list of, birds found in your surroundings. Mention their chief characteristics.
(2) Save birds. Suggest a few steps to save the birds that we find around, (work in pairs)
(3) Reflect and give your ideas on 'Birds are our best friends'.

Language Practice

Read the conversation.

Vismay: I watched a nice movie Bhag Milkha Bhag.
Sharan: What is it about ?
Vismay: You really don't know ? It is about the life of Milkha Singh. He is a former Indian track and field sprinter.
Sharan: Oh, he is an athlete!
Vismay: Yes, but originally he was in the Indian Army and participated in sports through it.
Sharan: He must have set many records.
Vismay:Yes. He won gold medals in 1958 and 1962 Asian Games. He also represented India in the Summer Olympics at Melbourne, Rome and Tokyo. But his 1960 Olympic 400 m race will always be remembered. He was fourth but set Indian National Record and held it for 41 years.
Sharan:Wow, what a man!

Now read this news report on Milkha Singh and notice the underlined parts.

Bhag Milkha Bhag is a biographical movie by Rakesh Mehra, starring Farhan Akhtar as the famous athlete Milkha Singh.

 

Question 2. Complete the table using sentences numbered 1 to 6 in the above news report on Milkha Singh.

Exam Tip: Carefully read each sentence and identify the subject, action, and connecting elements to accurately complete the table columns.

3. (A) Join the sentences using 'who'.

 

Question 1. (1) The man is from Jamaica. He won 9 Gold Medals.
Answer: The man, who won 9 gold medals, is from Jamaica.
In simple words: We connect the two sentences using 'who' to show that the man from Jamaica is the one who won the medals.

Exam Tip: 'Who' is used to refer to a person, connecting a descriptive clause to the main subject.

 

Question 2. (2) Nelson Mandela became the President of South Africa. He spent 27 years in jail.
Answer: Nelson Mandela, who spent 27 years in prison, became the President of South Africa.
In simple words: We join the sentences with 'who' to tell more about Nelson Mandela, explaining that he spent 27 years in jail before becoming President.

Exam Tip: Use commas around non-essential clauses starting with 'who' to set off additional information.

 

Question 3. (3) Kailash Satyarthi is an Indian activist. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014.
Answer: Kailash Satyarthi, who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014, is an Indian activist.
In simple words: We combine the sentences with 'who' to mention Kailash Satyarthi's Nobel Peace Prize win as an important fact about him as an Indian activist.

Exam Tip: Ensure the clause introduced by 'who' clearly describes the person mentioned in the main clause.

(B) Join the sentences using 'whose'.

 

Question 1. (1) I met a man in London. His brother works in Ahmedabad.
Answer: I met a man in London, whose brother works in Ahmedabad.
In simple words: We use 'whose' to connect the two ideas, showing that the brother who works in Ahmedabad belongs to the man I met in London.

Exam Tip: 'Whose' indicates possession and is used to combine sentences where one describes the belonging of the other's subject.

 

Question 2. (2) A woman is on the phone. Her name is Sharon.
Answer: A woman, whose name is Sharon, is on the phone.
In simple words: We join the sentences with 'whose' to identify the woman on the phone by her name, Sharon.

Exam Tip: Place the 'whose' clause immediately after the noun it modifies for clarity.

 

Question 3. (3) The man is a doctor. His TV show is popular.
Answer: The man, whose TV show is popular, is a doctor.
In simple words: We connect the sentences with 'whose' to show that the popular TV show belongs to the man who is a doctor.

Exam Tip: Remember to use commas around non-restrictive clauses beginning with 'whose'.

(C) Join the sentences using 'which / that'.

 

Question 1. (1) Our house is on M.G. Road. We rented it.
Answer: Our house, which we rented, is on M.G. Road.
In simple words: We link the sentences with 'which' to explain that the house on M.G. Road is the one we rented.

Exam Tip: 'Which' is often used for non-essential clauses that add extra information about a thing or place.

 

Question 2. (2) Let's go for dinner in the hotel. The hotel is close to our home.
Answer: Let's go for dinner in the hotel that is close to our home.
In simple words: We use 'that' to specify the hotel where we are going for dinner is the one located near our home.

Exam Tip: 'That' is typically used for essential clauses that are necessary to define the noun.

 

Question 3. (3) The shop is in Tower - II of the Crescent Arcade. Tower - II is towards the river side.
Answer: The shop is in Tower-II, which is towards the riverside, of the Crescent Arcade.
In simple words: We join the sentences using 'which' to explain that Tower-II, where the shop is, is located by the riverside within the Crescent Arcade.

Exam Tip: Combine sentences using 'which' to provide additional descriptive details about a place.

 

Question 4. Add information given in the s brackets using who, whose, which or that.
Answer: Example: She worked for a man who used to be an athlete.
(1) That man, whose name is Tilakaratne Dilshan, is from Sri Lanka.
(2) Lucknow, which is famous for its culture, tahezib (mannerism), and food, is the capital of Uttar Pradesh.
(3) Usain Bolt, who is known as the 'Fastest Man on the Earth' with 9 Olympic gold medals, is a Jamaican athlete.
(4) Is that the man who lives near your society?
(5) Ahmedabad is famous for the River Front Project which is on the banks of the river Sabarmati.
(6) Dr Arpit Bindra, whose son won the Olympic gold medal in Rifle Shooting, is a businessman.
In simple words: We combine the original sentences with the extra information from the brackets. We use 'who' for people, 'whose' for possession, and 'which' or 'that' for things or places, depending on if the information is extra or essential.

Exam Tip: Carefully choose between 'who', 'whose', 'which', and 'that' based on whether you are referring to a person, possession, or thing, and if the clause is essential or non-essential.

 

Question 1. (7) Jaipur is the capital town of Rajasthan (the town is known as the Pink City).
Answer: Jaipur, which is known as the Pink City, is the capital town of Rajasthan.
In simple words: We use 'which' to add the information that Jaipur is known as the Pink City, describing the capital of Rajasthan.

Exam Tip: Use 'which' for non-essential clauses that give additional, but not strictly necessary, information about a noun.

 

Question 5. Read the paragraph and underline the parts that add information about a person or place. One is done for you.
Answer: The town of Dalhousie, **which is situated at the height of about 6700 feet**, is the perfect place for summer holidays, and the Hotel Pirpanjal View, **which faces the snow covered mountain range**, is the perfect place to stay. Two artist brothers, **who bought this hotel premises 30 years ago**, is a famous accommodation now. In addition to the view **that the hotel offers**, Vicky, **whose cooking is one of the reasons** why the Hotel Pirpanjal View is so popular in Dalhousie. The guests, **whom the hotel staff treat as family members**, are always delighted to stay there. Shri Subhash Chandra Bose, **who once stayed in the hotel**, recovered from serious illness after spending time in Dalhousie.
In simple words: In the text, we identify phrases that give extra details about places or people. For example, "which is situated at the height of about 6700 feet" describes Dalhousie, and "who bought this hotel premises 30 years ago" describes the brothers. These phrases add more information.

Exam Tip: When identifying descriptive clauses, look for relative pronouns like 'who', 'which', 'that', and 'whose' that introduce additional information about the preceding noun.

 

Question 6. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate options from the list and read the paragraph aloud. You may just write the appropriate number from the table and read the complete paragraph.
1. whose shouts were heard at a distance
2. who was hurt by the fall
3. whose mangoes were stolen
4. which were in his pockets
5. that the boy had plucked.
6. in which a bicycle could not go
7. which were just beginning to ripe
8. whose pockets had grown big
9. which was five feet high
10. who was the owner of the farm
Answer: The boy **who** had come away from school went to a mango orchard. He jumped over the hence, **which** was five feet high, and reached a mango tree. He plucked many mangoes, **which** were just beginning to ripen, and put them in his pockets. As he was trying to jump the fence while coming out, he slipped and fell, and some of the mangoes, **which** were in his pockets, rolled away. Rahimbhai, **who** was the owner of the farm, realized that someone has entered the farm. He immediately jumped on his bicycle and rode towards the boy. But the boy, **who** was hurt by the fall, ran off along a very narrow lane, **in which** a bicycle could not go. The farm owner, **whose** mangoes were stolen, was chasing the boy. But the boy could reach the school. The boy, **whose** pockets had grown big with the mangoes, was spotted by a teacher. The farm owner, **whose** shouts were heard at a distance, also reached the school. The farm owner complained to the teacher. The teacher asked the boy to apologize and return the mangoes **that** the boy had plucked.
In simple words: We filled the gaps in the story by picking the correct descriptive words from the list provided. This made the story flow better and gave more information about the boy, the farm, and the mangoes.

Exam Tip: Read the entire paragraph first to understand the context, then choose the most fitting relative pronoun or phrase from the options for each blank.

 

Question 7. Follow the examples of sentence parts in L. 6 starting with who, whose and which. Replace the word/s in the brackets and complete the sentences.
Answer: The farm owner, **who was very fat**, soon became breathless. His bicycle was too difficult to ride. He jumped off his bicycle, **which was very old**, and hid it behind bushes. He ran along the path, **which was narrow**. The boy, **who was hiding behind a tree**, watched the man go past. The boy now ran back and took the bicycle **that was hidden behind the bush**. The man had forgotten to lock his bicycle. The boy, **who was now very tired**, got on the bicycle and rode off. When he reached a place **that was near the school**, he left the bicycle there and went away. The cycle, **which was left there**, was later found by the farm owner.
In simple words: We completed the sentences by replacing the words in brackets with phrases using 'who', 'whose', 'which', or 'that' to correctly describe the people and objects in the story.

Exam Tip: Ensure that the chosen relative pronoun correctly refers to the noun it modifies and that the completed phrase fits grammatically and logically into the sentence.

Writing

 

Question 1. You found a seriously injured pigeon in your compound on the day of Uttarayan. Use the mixed up clues given in the brackets and write what you did to help and save the bird. You can add your own ideas also.
Answer: First, I placed the pigeon in a secure spot, making sure there were no other birds or animals nearby. Then, I carefully extracted the string from its wings. I used cotton to gently clean its wound with water. Afterward, I made the bird comfortable by wrapping it in a soft cloth. I also gave it some grains to eat and water to drink. Meanwhile, I called the bird helpline and informed them about the injured bird. They arrived shortly and took it away.
In simple words: I put the pigeon in a safe place, removed a string from its wing, cleaned its wound, covered it with a soft cloth, and gave it food and water. Then, I called a bird helpline, and they came and took the bird for help.

Exam Tip: When writing a descriptive response based on clues, ensure the narrative flows logically and includes all key actions in a clear sequence.

 

Question 2. Spandan attended a lecture on 'Save the Birds' given by a famous bird watcher Shri Lalsinh Raol. He has made notes of what he heard. Read the notes and in groups of 3, prepare your own speech on 'Save the Birds'. Importance of Birds: important part of nature - help maintain the eco-system - beautify surroundings. Reasons of decreasing number of birds: concrete buildings with no nesting site - cell phone radiation - unleaded petrol and insecticides - increasing noise of automobiles - cutting of trees - chemical fertilizers - excessive use of - wireless devices. Remedies to save the birds: bird-boxes and bird feeders outside houses and gardens-a bowl of fresh water every day-growing plants and fences to encourage some of the common birds to come back-big bowls with cool water to bathe in - broken rice in open space for birds to feed on
Answer: I will begin my speech by discussing the significance of birds in our lives. Birds represent a vital part of nature. They contribute to maintaining the balance in the ecosystem. Additionally, they enhance our surroundings and brighten the atmosphere with their melodious chirping. Unfortunately, birds are disappearing due to several reasons. Concrete buildings remove their nesting sites, cell phone radiation harms them, and pollutants like unleaded petrol and insecticides pose threats. The increasing noise from vehicles, tree felling, and the use of chemical fertilizers and excessive wireless devices also contribute to their decline. We can help save birds by placing bird boxes and feeders outside our homes and in gardens. Providing a daily bowl of fresh water, planting trees, and creating fences can attract common birds. We should also offer larger bowls with cool water for them to bathe in and provide broken rice in open spaces for them to feed.
In simple words: My speech explains why birds are important for nature and making our surroundings beautiful. I will talk about how things like new buildings, phone radiation, and pollution are harming birds. Then, I will suggest ways to help birds, like putting out bird boxes, food, water, and planting more trees.

Exam Tip: Structure your speech clearly by first stating the importance of birds, then detailing the threats, and finally offering practical solutions, ensuring a logical flow of ideas.

Question 3. Homework + Project work : Here are some samples of bird feeders made from worn out and scrap materials. Make a bird feeder of your choice using worn out or scrap materials. For example, you can use a five litre empty oil jar, or an empty water bottle and plates, spoons etc. (Classroom / Individual Activity)

 

Question 4. Write a paragraph on 'My Favourite Feathered Friend' with help of the given clues. Draw / Paste the picture of that bird in your notebook. (types of birds-your favourite bird-name - habitat - habits - special features - food - shape - size - usefulness - colour - reason for liking -places where you see it-your feelings when you see it)
Answer: Many different types of birds surround us, but my favorite bird is the peacock. It is our national bird and looks very beautiful. It has a long, slender neck and a crest on its head. Its long, attractive, and colorful feathers make it stand out. The peacock is known for its graceful walk and is often called the harbinger of rains, and we can hear its sweet calls during the rainy season. It spreads its vibrant feathers like a fan and dances when it rains, which is a great joy to witness. Peacocks typically live in trees and can be found in fields and forests. They consume grains, insects, and worms, and even catch and eat snakes.
In simple words: My favorite bird is the peacock, our beautiful national bird with a long neck and colorful feathers. It walks gracefully and its calls signal rain. Peacocks spread their feathers and dance in the rain. They live in trees, fields, and forests, eating grains, insects, and snakes.

Exam Tip: When writing a paragraph, ensure you include details from all the provided clues to create a well-rounded and descriptive text about your chosen bird.

Exam-Oriented Study Material

1. Read the extracts and answer the questions.

It is a fresh and pleasant morning. Birds are chirping and the wind is cool and, calm. Shubhangi, with her family, is having tea and breakfast in their garden. Devangi, Shubhangi's sister Mitra's friend, has come to stay for a couple of days. Devangi is a student of second year zoology in M. S. University, Vadodara. Shubhangi, fascinated by the call of a bird exclaims, 'What a beautiful sparrow it is !' Devangi promptly corrects her, "My dear, it is not a sparrow. It is a tailor bird. See its colour is yellowish green and it is smaller than a sparrow." Shubhangi : You are right, didi. But the day before yesterday when I saw it, its colour was rust. Devangi: Look, Shubhu, this one is a male and the rust was a female.

 

Question 1. What is Shubhangi doing in the garden ?
Answer: Shubhangi is enjoying tea and breakfast with her family in the garden.
In simple words: Shubhangi is having tea and breakfast with her family in the garden.

Exam Tip: For direct questions about a passage, locate the specific sentence that provides the answer and extract the information clearly.

 

Question 2. Describe the atmosphere.
Answer: The morning is fresh and pleasant, birds are chirping sweetly, and the wind feels cool and calm.
In simple words: The morning is fresh, pleasant, with birds chirping and a cool, calm wind.

Exam Tip: Use descriptive adjectives from the passage to accurately convey the mood and setting.

 

Question 3. Who is Devangi ?
Answer: Devangi is a friend of Shubhangi's sister, Mitra.
In simple words: Devangi is Mitra's friend.

Exam Tip: Identify key relationships mentioned in the text to answer "who" questions precisely.

 

Question 4. What does Devangi study? Where?
Answer: Devangi studies zoology at M.S. University in Vadodara.
In simple words: Devangi studies animals at Vadodara University.

Exam Tip: Combine both pieces of information (what and where) into a single, concise answer.

 

Question 5. What does Devangi tell Shubhangi about the tailor bird?
Answer: Devangi informs Shubhangi that the tailor bird is yellowish-green in color and is smaller than a sparrow.
In simple words: Devangi tells Shubhangi that the tailor bird is yellowish-green and smaller than a sparrow.

Exam Tip: Quote or paraphrase the exact description given in the passage for accuracy.

 

Question 6. What does Devangi tell Shubhangi about the tailor bird's colour?
Answer: Devangi explains to Shubhangi that the male tailor bird is yellowish-green, while the female is rust-colored.
In simple words: Devangi says the male tailor bird is yellowish-green and the female is rust.

Exam Tip: Differentiate clearly between the colors of the male and female tailor birds as described in the text.

(2) Shubhangi: Why is it so ? I have observed the female in almost all the species is dull in comparison with the male.
Devangi: It seems that you have keen interest in birds.
Shubhangi: Oh yes, didi. See, Mitra didi is always busy with her projects. Will you, please, tell me more about birds ?
Devangi: It is my interest and not Mitra's.
I will be happy to talk about birds. Mitra, will you, please, bring a book I from my bag titled 'Birds of India' by Salim Ali?

 

Question 1. Who has a keen interest in birds ?
Answer: Shubhangi shows a strong interest in birds.
In simple words: Shubhangi is very interested in birds.

Exam Tip: Look for direct statements in the dialogue that reveal character interests or traits.

 

Question 2. The female in all the species is
Answer: The female in all species appears dull in comparison to the male.
In simple words: Female birds in all kinds of species are usually duller than the males.

Exam Tip: Refer to the specific observation made in the conversation to complete the sentence accurately.

 

Question 3. Name the book written by Salim Ali.
Answer: The book written by Salim Ali is titled 'Birds of India'.
In simple words: Salim Ali wrote a book called 'Birds of India'.

Exam Tip: Identify proper nouns and titles mentioned in the text for exact recall.

 

Question 4. What did Shubhangi want to know from Devangi ?
Answer: Shubhangi wanted to learn about birds from Devangi.
In simple words: Shubhangi asked Devangi to tell her about birds.

Exam Tip: Pinpoint the specific request made by one character to another in the conversation.

(3) Devangi: Listen, Shubhangi, there are jungle birds, water birds and birds that live near human habitats. This tailor bird is a bird of our surrounding. It stitches its nest with green leaves and fibres of trees. That's why it is called a tailor bird. Shubhangi: That's great! But why do the female and the male have different colours We have same colours. Devangi: Oye chulbul! There are two major types of birds : birds of prey and small birds. Birds of prey hunt small birds for food. The female bird should be dull to hide itself from hunters as it is supposed to continue generations. Shubhangi: Wonderful! What a design of Nature!

 

Question 1. What are the different kinds of birds?
Answer: The different types of birds include jungle birds, water birds, and birds that live near human habitats.
In simple words: Birds can be jungle birds, water birds, or birds that live near people.

Exam Tip: List all categories of birds mentioned in the conversation to provide a complete answer.

 

Question 2. Which bird is a bird of our surrounding ?
Answer: The tailor bird is a common bird found in our surroundings.
In simple words: The tailor bird is a bird found around us.

Exam Tip: Identify the specific bird mentioned in the context of being 'of our surrounding'.

 

Question 3. The tailor bird stitches its nest
Answer: The tailor bird stitches its nest using green leaves and tree fibers.
In simple words: The tailor bird builds its nest by sewing green leaves and tree fibers together.

Exam Tip: Focus on the unique behavior of the tailor bird mentioned in the conversation to explain how it builds its nest.

 

Question 1. What is Devangi passionate about ?
Answer: Devangi is passionate about birding.
In simple words: Devangi really loves watching birds.

Exam Tip: Always identify key character interests in a story for direct recall questions.

 

Question 2. Where is the Indian Grey Hornbill usually found?
Answer: The Indian Grey Hornbill is usually found in the Indian subcontinent.
In simple words: You can commonly find the Indian Grey Hornbill in the region of India and its neighboring countries.

Exam Tip: Remember specific geographical locations or habitats when describing animal species.

 

Question 3. Describe the Grey Hornbill.
Answer: The Grey Hornbill has grey feathers all over its body, with a light grey and dull belly.
In simple words: The Grey Hornbill has grey feathers and a pale, dull grey belly.

Exam Tip: When describing an animal, focus on its distinct physical characteristics like color, shape, and unique features.

 

Question 4. Where does the Grey Hornbill live ?
Answer: The Grey Hornbill lives in large trees in both wild areas and urban areas.
In simple words: Grey Hornbills live in big trees in both forests and cities.

Exam Tip: For habitat questions, include both natural (wild) and human-influenced (urban) environments if applicable.

 

Question 1. How does the hornbill get its name?
Answer: The hornbill's beak or bill has an extra portion like a horn, and that is why it is called a hornbill.
In simple words: The hornbill gets its name because its beak has a special horn-like part on it.

Exam Tip: Connect an animal's name to its most prominent physical feature for clear explanation.

 

Question 2. Where does the hornbill build its nest?
Answer: The hornbill builds its nest in the hollows of tall trees.
In simple words: Hornbills build their nests inside holes found in tall trees.

Exam Tip: When discussing nesting habits, specify the type of location, such as hollows in tall trees.

 

Question 3. What does the female hornbill do?
Answer: The female hornbill enters the nest hollow and seals it by using mud-pellets supplied by the male.
In simple words: The female hornbill goes into the nest hole and then seals it with mud that the male brings.

Exam Tip: Note specific roles of male and female animals in their nesting and rearing processes.

 

Question 4. What does the male hornbill do ?
Answer: The male hornbill takes care of the female and its new-born chicks by supplying food to them.
In simple words: The male hornbill provides food for the female and their new chicks, looking after them.

Exam Tip: Highlight the supportive and protective behaviors of male animals, especially regarding feeding and care.

 

Question 5. What does Shubhangi call the male hornbill ?
Answer: Shubhangi calls the male hornbill 'a caring dude'.
In simple words: Shubhangi calls the male hornbill a "caring dude."

Exam Tip: Pay attention to unique names or terms used to describe animals based on their characteristics or behavior.

 

Question 1. Where does Nazmin live?
Answer: Nazmin lives in the Polo forest.
In simple words: Nazmin lives in the Polo forest area.

Exam Tip: For questions about character locations, provide the specific place mentioned in the text.

 

Question 2. What did Shubhangi see in the Polo forest ?
Answer: Shubhangi saw many nests of weaver birds on babool trees in the Polo forest.
In simple words: In the Polo forest, Shubhangi observed many weaver bird nests on babool trees.

Exam Tip: Detail observations clearly, specifying both the object seen and its location.

 

Question 3. What is the weaver bird called in Gujarati ?
Answer: The weaver bird is called sughari in Gujarati.
In simple words: In Gujarati, the weaver bird has the name 'sughari'.

Exam Tip: Remember regional names for animals if they are mentioned in the text.

 

Question 4. Sughari means
Answer: Sughari means one who builds a beautiful house.
In simple words: The name 'Sughari' means someone who constructs a lovely home.

Exam Tip: When asked for the meaning of a term, provide a concise and accurate definition from the context.

 

Question 5. Which skill is the weaver bird gifted with ?
Answer: The weaver bird is gifted with the skill of weaving its nest.
In simple words: The weaver bird has a natural talent for making its nest.

Exam Tip: Focus on unique talents or abilities that distinguish a particular animal species.

 

Question 6. What does the weaver bird use to weave its nest ?
Answer: The weaver bird uses long, thread-like grass leaves to build its nest.
In simple words: Weaver birds use long, thin grass blades to create their nests.

Exam Tip: Detail the specific materials an animal uses for its construction, such as nesting materials.

 

Question 1. Who builds the weaver bird's nest ?
Answer: A male weaver bird builds its nest.
In simple words: The male weaver bird is the one that constructs the nest.

Exam Tip: Clearly identify which parent is primarily responsible for nest construction in a given species.

 

Question 2. How long does it take to complete the nest ?
Answer: It takes nearly 18 days to complete the nest.
In simple words: Building the nest takes about 18 days to finish.

Exam Tip: Recall specific timeframes or durations mentioned for processes like nest building.

 

Question 3. What does the male do when the nest is half-completed ?
Answer: When the nest is half-completed, the male invites the female for pairing by its song.
In simple words: Once the nest is partly done, the male sings to invite the female to join him.

Exam Tip: Describe the courtship or pairing rituals of animals, especially when they involve nest presentation.

 

Question 4. If the female weaver bird accepts the nest.
Answer: If the female weaver bird accepts the nest, both of them complete the nest.
In simple words: When the female weaver bird likes the nest, both birds work together to finish it.

Exam Tip: Explain the outcomes of acceptance or rejection in animal pairing rituals and nest building.

 

Question 5. What happens if the female weaver bird does not accept the nest ?
Answer: If the female weaver bird does not accept the nest, it is abandoned.
In simple words: If the female weaver bird doesn't like the nest, the male leaves it unfinished.

Exam Tip: Describe the consequences of a female rejecting a nest, such as abandonment.

 

Question 6. A male often makes
Answer: A male often makes many nests during the nesting season.
In simple words: Male weaver birds frequently build multiple nests during the time they breed.

Exam Tip: Highlight the reproductive strategies of male animals, such as building multiple nests to attract a mate.

 

Question 1. People do not like vultures because
Answer: People do not like vultures because they eat carcasses or dead animals.
In simple words: People dislike vultures because these birds eat the bodies of dead animals.

Exam Tip: Address common misconceptions or reasons for dislike of animals, then clarify their ecological role.

 

Question 2. Why are vultures called scavengers ?
Answer: Vultures are called scavengers because they clean our surroundings by eating the rotten dead bodies.
In simple words: Vultures are known as scavengers since they keep our environment clean by consuming decaying dead animals.

Exam Tip: Define terms like 'scavenger' by explaining the specific actions and benefits they provide to the environment.

 

Question 3. The beak of the vulture
Answer: The beak of the vulture is designed to tear the flesh from dead bodies.
In simple words: A vulture's beak is made to rip meat off dead animals.

Exam Tip: Describe an animal's physical adaptations, such as a sharp beak, and its function for survival.

 

Question 4. Why are vultures not seen in the sky?
Answer: People use a medicine called diclofenac to cure sick cattle, and when these cattle die, the vultures feed on them. After eating such flesh, a vulture dies within a few days as diclofenac is very harmful to them.
In simple words: Vultures are disappearing because they eat dead cattle treated with diclofenac, a medicine that harms them.

Exam Tip: When explaining population decline, identify specific human-caused factors, like harmful medicines.

 

Question 1. What does Shubhangi say about human beings
Answer: Shubhangi says that human beings are very selfish because they do not care for other living beings on the earth.
In simple words: Shubhangi believes people are very selfish and don't care about other living things.

Exam Tip: Summarize character opinions about broader societal issues, like human nature and environmental responsibility.

 

Question 2. How can we help the birds?
Answer: We can help birds by offering them grains and water.
In simple words: We can help birds by giving them food and water.

Exam Tip: Suggest practical actions that can be taken to support local wildlife, such as providing food and water.

 

Question 3. Which birds are not to be seen nowadays ?
Answer: The sparrows are not to be seen nowadays.
In simple words: Sparrows are becoming rare to see these days.

Exam Tip: Identify specific species that are experiencing population declines in the current environment.

 

Question 1. Why have the sparrows left us ?
Answer: The sparrows have left us because we have destroyed their homes.
In simple words: Sparrows have gone because we ruined their places to live.

Exam Tip: Explain reasons for animal displacement by connecting them to human actions like habitat destruction.

 

Question 2. We have designed our houses in such a way that
Answer: We have designed our houses in such a way that the birds cannot enter into the house and make nests.
In simple words: We have built our houses in a way that stops birds from coming inside and building nests.

Exam Tip: Discuss how modern architecture might negatively impact urban wildlife by limiting nesting sites.

 

Question 3. The house sparrows feel safe
Answer: The house sparrows feel safe living with us.
In simple words: House sparrows feel secure living close to people.

Exam Tip: Highlight the comfort and security some species find in human proximity, despite other challenges.

 

Question 4. What does Devangi ask Shubhangi to prepare ?
Answer: Devangi asks Shubhangi to prepare sparrow nests with the help of cardboard boxes.
In simple words: Devangi tells Shubhangi to make sparrow nests using cardboard boxes.

Exam Tip: Focus on instructions given to characters, especially those related to conservation efforts.

 

Question 5. What should we offer to the birds ?
Answer: We should offer grains like rice and millet and some water in a dish to the birds.
In simple words: We ought to give birds grains such as rice and millet, along with water in a bowl.

Exam Tip: List appropriate food and water sources that can be provided to birds safely.

 

Question 6. We should not feed ganthiyas to the birds because
Answer: We should not feed ganthiyas to the birds because it is harmful to their stomach.
In simple words: Don't give ganthiyas to birds because it hurts their stomach.

Exam Tip: Advise against feeding certain foods to animals by explaining the negative health impacts.

 

Question 1. What are migratory birds?
Answer: Birds that travel to India every year from other cold countries are called migratory birds.
In simple words: Migratory birds are those that fly to India each year from colder places.

Exam Tip: Define migratory birds by emphasizing their annual long-distance travel between different regions.

 

Question 2. From where do the migratory birds come?
Answer: Migratory birds come from Europe, Siberia, and other cold countries.
In simple words: These birds come from cold areas like Europe and Siberia.

Exam Tip: Specify the geographical origins of migratory bird populations.

 

Question 3. Name some migratory birds that come to India.
Answer: Some migratory birds that come to India are pelicans, cranes, various ducks, and rosy pastors.
In simple words: Pelicans, cranes, different ducks, and rosy pastors are some migratory birds that visit India.

Exam Tip: Provide specific examples of migratory bird species that visit a particular country.

 

Question 4. What is the rosy pastor called in Gujarati ?
Answer: The rosy pastor is called vaiya in Gujarati.
In simple words: In Gujarati, the rosy pastor bird is named 'vaiya'.

Exam Tip: Include local or regional names for specific bird species where provided.

 

Question 5. What colour is the rosy pastor ?
Answer: The rosy pastor is dull brown and pink.
In simple words: The rosy pastor bird has a mix of dull brown and pink colors.

Exam Tip: Detail the specific color patterns of birds for accurate identification.

 

Question 6. When does the rosy pastor arrive in India ? When does it return ?
Answer: The rosy pastor arrives in India in June / July from Europe and returns in March/April.
In simple words: Rosy pastors come to India in June or July and fly back in March or April.

Exam Tip: Remember the seasonal timings of arrival and departure for migratory species.

 

Question 1. How do the migratory birds travel without any map ?
Answer: The migratory birds take help of the sun to find their way.
In simple words: Migratory birds use the sun to navigate and find their path.

Exam Tip: Explain natural navigation methods used by migratory birds, such as relying on the sun.

 

Question 2. When the migratory birds come, they travel
Answer: When the migratory birds come, they travel in the early morning.
In simple words: Migratory birds fly in the early morning when they arrive.

Exam Tip: Note the specific times of day migratory birds prefer for travel, such as early morning.

 

Question 3. When the migratory birds go, they fly
Answer: When the migratory birds go, they fly in the evening.
In simple words: Migratory birds depart in the evening when they leave.

Exam Tip: Differentiate between departure and arrival travel times for migratory birds.

 

Question 4. In which pattern do cranes and geese fly?
Answer: Cranes and geese fly in a V shape formation.
In simple words: Cranes and geese fly in a V-shaped pattern.

Exam Tip: Identify common flight formations for bird species, like the V-shape.

 

Question 5. Which birds travel in groups ?
Answer: Certain ducks, warblers, and flycatchers travel in groups.
In simple words: Some ducks, warblers, and flycatchers travel together in large numbers.

Exam Tip: List bird species that are known for their social flight patterns, such as traveling in groups.

 

Question 1. What things should you observe while birding ?
Answer: While birding, we should observe the color and size of the bird, the shape and length of its bill and tail, and where it is perched.
In simple words: When watching birds, look at their color, size, beak, tail, and where they are sitting.

Exam Tip: Detail the important characteristics to note during bird watching, including physical traits and location.

 

Question 2. You can give your close friend's name to that bird
Answer: You can give your close friend's name to that bird whose nature or any characteristic matches with the friend.
In simple words: You can name a bird after a friend if its traits or behavior are similar to theirs.

Exam Tip: Consider creative ways to connect personal experiences with learning about animals, such as giving them names.

 

Question 1. How are birds useful to us ?
Answer: Birds eat up insects that are harmful to our crops, spread seeds, and entertain us with their sweet calls.
In simple words: Birds help us by eating bad insects, spreading plant seeds, and making pleasant sounds.

Exam Tip: Enumerate the various ecological and aesthetic benefits birds provide to humans and the environment.

 

Question 2. Birds are the true indicators of
Answer: Birds are the true indicators of a healthy environment.
In simple words: Birds truly show whether an environment is healthy or not.

Exam Tip: Recognize birds as bio-indicators, reflecting the overall health of an ecosystem.

 

Exercise 2. Frame sentences using the given set of words. You may change the forms of the words.

 

Question. (1) fascinate - chirping
Answer: Mohini was fascinated by the chirping of birds in the garden.
In simple words: Mohini was really interested in the sounds of birds singing in the garden.

Exam Tip: Practice forming sentences that correctly use given vocabulary words in context.

 

Question. (2) comparison - observe
Answer: Please observe the birds carefully and compare their color and size.
In simple words: Watch the birds closely to see their colors and sizes.

Exam Tip: When using multiple verbs, ensure they are logically connected and contribute to the sentence's meaning.

 

Question. (3) difficult task - collect
Answer: It is a difficult task to collect a huge fund in such a short time.
In simple words: Gathering a large amount of money quickly is a hard job.

Exam Tip: Use strong adjectives to describe the nature of a task, like "difficult," to convey its challenge.

 

Question. (4) gift - skill
Answer: God has gifted each one of us with different skills.
In simple words: Everyone has been given different talents by God.

Exam Tip: Emphasize the concept of natural abilities or talents being inherent or divinely bestowed.

 

Question. (5) selfish - care - destroy
Answer: We are so selfish that we destroy trees and do not care about the environment.
In simple words: We are too self-centered; we cut down trees and don't look after nature.

Exam Tip: Construct sentences that highlight the negative consequences of certain human behaviors on the environment.

 

Question. (6) harmful - spread
Answer: Dirty water is harmful as it spreads mosquitoes that cause malaria.
In simple words: Contaminated water is dangerous because it helps mosquitoes spread, leading to malaria.

Exam Tip: When discussing cause and effect, clearly link an action (dirty water) to its negative outcome (disease spread).

 

Exercise 3. Fill in the blanks selecting the correct words from the brackets.

 

Question. (1) (information, discussion, prepare, collected)
Answer: The meeting was held to prepare a plan for the festival of Diwali. The secretary gave all the information about the funds collected by the society. The plan was finalized after a long discussion.
In simple words: They had a meeting to make a Diwali plan. The secretary gave all the details about the money raised by the group. After a long talk, the plan was finished.

Exam Tip: Choose words that fit the context of a planning or organizational event, ensuring logical flow of actions.

 

Question. (2) (promptly, introduced, explained, invited)
Answer: The host of the quiz invited the teams on the stage and introduced the participants. He then explained the rules. In the first round, the team that knows the answer has to ring the bell promptly and give the answer.
In simple words: The quiz host welcomed the teams to the stage and showed the players. He then told them the rules. In the first part, the team that knows the answer must quickly ring the bell and say it.

Exam Tip: Select verbs that accurately describe the sequence of events in a formal setting, such as a quiz competition.

 

Question. (3) (return, pleasant, nature, healthy)
Answer: Going for an early morning walk on a pleasant winter morning is a good way to be healthy. Every morning, I go for a walk at 5 o'clock and return home by 6 o'clock! I really enjoy the beauty of nature in the morning.
In simple words: Walking in a nice winter morning is good for your health. I walk every day from 5 to 6 AM and truly like the morning nature.

Exam Tip: Pick words that describe the sensory experience of an outdoor activity and its health benefits.

 

Question. (4) (reason, keen, passion, observes)
Answer: Mitali has a keen interest in birds. She observes birds wherever she goes. Birding is her passion. That is the reason she often visits the nature parks.
In simple words: Mitali loves birds very much. She watches them everywhere. Birding is her favorite activity. Because of this, she often goes to nature parks.

Exam Tip: Use terms that accurately reflect a strong interest or hobby, such as "keen interest" or "passion."

 

Question. (5) (patterns, travel, shape, formation)
Answer: Migratory birds fly in different patterns. Birds like geese fly in a formation of 'V' shape. Some birds travel in groups.
In simple words: Birds that migrate fly in many ways. Geese fly in a V-shape. Other birds move in groups.

Exam Tip: When describing animal movement, select words that convey specific flight arrangements and journeys.

 

Question. (6) (remember, surroundings, destroys, environment)
Answer: Cutting trees destroys our environment. We must remember that trees are not only useful to us, but they also make our surroundings beautiful.
In simple words: Chopping down trees damages our environment. We need to recall that trees are important for us and make our area look good.

Exam Tip: Emphasize the importance of environmental conservation and the aesthetic value of nature.

 

Question. (7) (selfish, wild, hunted, species)
Answer: Wild animals living in jungles are hunted by selfish people, who do not care about the preservation of wildlife. As a result, many species of birds and animals are becoming extinct.
In simple words: Selfish people hunt wild animals, not caring about saving nature. So, many kinds of birds and animals are disappearing forever.

Exam Tip: Choose words that accurately depict the impact of human actions on wildlife populations and biodiversity.

 

Question. (8) (accepts, prefers, abandoned, gifted)
Answer: The weaver bird is gifted with the skill of weaving its nest. It prefers long, thread-like grass leaves to build its nest. If the female accepts the nest, both of them finish the nest. If she doesn't, the nest is abandoned.
In simple words: The weaver bird has a natural talent for making nests. It likes to use long, thin grass blades. If the female likes the nest, they both finish it. If not, the nest is left empty.

Exam Tip: Select words that describe the natural talents of animals and the outcomes of their mating rituals.

 

Question. (9) (task, strange, caring, behaviour)
Answer: The teacher found that the behavior of the new student was quite strange. In spite of her caring attitude, the boy continued to behave rudely. Improving his behavior seemed to be an impossible task for the teacher.
In simple words: The teacher noticed the new student acted oddly. Even with her kind efforts, the boy was still rude. Fixing his behavior felt like a very hard job for the teacher.

Exam Tip: Use words that illustrate challenges in managing behavior and the complexities of interpersonal dynamics.

 

Question. (10) (spread offered, arrived, supply)
Answer: Many diseases have spread after floods. A team of doctors has arrived in the village to help the flood-affected people. The government has offered to supply free medicines to the poor.
In simple words: After the floods, many sicknesses appeared. Doctors came to help the people affected. The government has also promised to give free medicines to those in need.

Exam Tip: Choose verbs that describe humanitarian efforts during a crisis, such as medical assistance and provision of supplies.

 

Exercise 4. Write short notes using the given questions/ points.

 

Question 1. The House Sparrow
(size – small bird – make atmosphere alive-live around human beings-feels safe - destroyed its home-design of our houses-the bird cannot enter-we keep them away from our premises-so less in number – prepare sparrow nests-feed them-save them from extinction)
Answer: The house sparrow is a small bird. It is a very friendly bird. It makes the atmosphere alive by its constant chirping. It likes to live around human beings. It feels safe living with us. But we have destroyed its home. We design our houses in such a way that a sparrow cannot enter into our house. We keep sparrows away from our premises. As a result, we see fewer sparrows now. We can prepare sparrow nests with cardboard boxes and feed them with grains and water. This will attract sparrows to live among us. It will save the house sparrows from extinction.
In simple words: The house sparrow is a small, friendly bird that chirps a lot and lives near people, feeling safe. But we have ruined their homes by designing houses they can't enter. This means fewer sparrows are seen. We can help save them by making nests from cardboard boxes and providing food and water.

Exam Tip: When writing short notes, cover all key points provided and structure your answer logically, moving from description to challenges and solutions.

 

Question 2. The Weaver Bird's Nest
(what it is called in Gujarati – small bird – gifted with the skill of weaving nests – prefers long thread-like grass leaves to build the nests-male weaver birds build nests – the male invites the female for pairing when the nest is half- complete – female approves – they complete the nest-if female disapproves, the nest is abandoned)
Answer: The weaver bird, known as sughari in Gujarati, is a small bird. It is gifted with the skill of weaving its nests. It prefers long, thread-like grass leaves to build its nest. The male weaver bird builds the nest. It takes nearly 18 days to complete nest building. When the nest is half-completed, the male invites the female for pairing by its song. If she accepts the nest, both of them finish the nest. If she doesn't, the nest is abandoned. Therefore, a male often makes many nests during the nesting season.
In simple words: The weaver bird, called sughari in Gujarati, is a small bird skilled at weaving nests using long grass. The male builds the nest over about 18 days. If the female likes the half-built nest after he sings, they both finish it. If not, he leaves it and often makes many more during breeding season.

Exam Tip: For descriptive questions, ensure you include details about appearance, special abilities, nesting process, and behavioral aspects.

 

Question 3. Migratory Birds
(thousands of birds migrate from Europe, Siberia and other cold countries – pelicans, cranes, various ducks and rosy pastors – take help of the sun to find their way-fly in different patterns)
Answer: Every year, thousands of birds migrate to India from the cold regions of Europe, Siberia, and other countries. Birds like pelicans, cranes, various ducks, and rosy pastors travel thousands of kilometers to fly to India. The migratory birds take the help of the sun to find their way. While coming, they travel in the morning, and during their return migration, they fly in the evening. Migratory birds fly in different patterns. Birds like cranes, ducks, and geese fly in a formation of 'V' shape. Certain ducks, warblers, and flycatchers travel in groups.
In simple words: Every year, many birds fly from cold places like Europe and Siberia to India, covering long distances. These birds, including pelicans and cranes, use the sun to navigate. They fly in the morning when coming and in the evening when going back. They fly in different formations, with some in V-shapes and others in groups.

Exam Tip: When discussing migratory patterns, include details about origin, destination, navigation methods, travel times, and various flight formations.

 

Question 4. The Vulture
(Why do people not like the vultures ?-Why : they called scavengers ?-How does it use its heak ? – Why do we see very few ; vultures now ? – How is diclofenac harmful ; to vultures ?)
Answer: People do not like vultures because they eat carcasses or dead animals. But they clean our surroundings by eating the rotten dead bodies, and so they are called scavengers. A vulture has a sharp beak designed to tear the flesh from dead bodies. But today, we see very few vultures. People use a medicine called diclofenac to cure sick cattle. When that cattle dies, the vultures eat its body. Diclofenac is very harmful to them. So, after eating such flesh, they slowly die within a few days. Nearly 97% of the vulture population is lost in this way.
In simple words: People dislike vultures because they eat dead animals, but vultures are important scavengers, cleaning up rotten bodies with their sharp beaks. Now, few vultures are seen because they die after eating dead cattle treated with diclofenac, a medicine that is very toxic to them, causing a huge drop in their numbers.

Exam Tip: Address all sub-questions within the prompt, covering both the ecological role and the threats faced by the species, like harmful substances.

 

Question 5. The Indian Grey Hornbill
(common in Indian subcontinent – grey feathers with light grey and dull belly-lives in the wild and urban areas-beak has an extra portion like a horn – nests in hollows of tall trees-female enters the nest – seals it with mud-pellets – male takes care-called 'vahu ghelo' for his caring behaviour)
Answer: The Indian Grey Hornbill is common in the Indian subcontinent. It has grey feathers all over its body, with a light grey and dull belly. Its habitat is both in wild and urban areas, especially large trees. Its beak or bill has an extra portion like a horn, and that's why it is called a hornbill. The hornbill nests in the hollows of tall trees. The female enters the nest hollow and seals it by using mud-pellets supplied by the male. The male takes care of the female and its new-born chicks. It supplies food to them. For his caring behavior toward the female, it is called 'vahu ghelo' in Gujarati.
In simple words: The Indian Grey Hornbill is often found in India, having grey feathers and a pale belly. It lives in large trees in both forests and cities. Its horn-like beak gives it its name. It nests in tree hollows, where the female seals herself in with mud from the male. The male then feeds her and the chicks, showing very caring behavior, earning him the name 'vahu ghelo' in Gujarati.

Exam Tip: For detailed descriptions, ensure you include physical attributes, habitat, unique features like the beak, nesting behavior, and any specific cultural references.

5. Select the Title of the Read Related With Each Sentence.

 

6. Fill in the Blanks Selecting the Correct Words From the Brackets.

Example: "Look at this picture,” said Manoj. “How beautiful it is !” said Pratik, praising the lovely colours in the picture. "Did you buy it ?” he asked. “Oh, no,” said Manoj. “I painted it myself.” “Wow!” said Pratik. “It's a wonderful piece of art.”

 

7. Write the Correct Question to Get the Underlined Word / Words As Answers.

Question 1. There are three types of tulips.
A. Which are the three types of tulips?
B. How many types of tulips are there ?
C. Where are the three types of tulips ?
D. Who has the three types of tulips?
Answer: (B) How many types of tulips are there ?
In simple words: The question wants to know the number of tulip types, and the text says there are three.

Exam Tip: When forming questions, identify the key information that is underlined in the original sentence and use an appropriate interrogative word (who, what, when, where, why, how many, etc.) to target that information.

 

Question 2. Mita saw a cuckoo in the neem tree.
A. How did Mita see a cuckoo in the neem tree ?
B. When did Mita see a cuckoo ?
C. Where did Mita see a cuckoo ?
D. Who saw a cuckoo in the neem tree?
Answer: (C) Where did Mita see a cuckoo ?
In simple words: The question asks for the specific place Mita saw the cuckoo, and the text indicates it was in the neem tree.

Exam Tip: For location-based underlined words, 'Where' is typically the correct interrogative to form the question.

 

Question 3. Ramji looks after our garden.
A. Who looks after our garden?
B. What does Ramji do ?
C. Where does Ramji look after the garden ?
D. When does Ramji look after the garden ?
Answer: (A) Who looks after our garden?
In simple words: The question asks which person is taking care of the garden, and Ramji is the individual mentioned in the text.

Exam Tip: If a person's name is underlined, 'Who' is the correct interrogative to use in the question.

 

Question 4. Our team is known as the Lions of Gujarat.
A. Who is known as the Lions of Gujarat ?
B.Why is our team known as the Lions of Gujarat ?
C. How is our team known as the Lions of Gujarat?
D.What is our team known as?
Answer: (D) What is our team known as?
In simple words: The question asks for the name or identity of the team, and the text provides 'the Lions of Gujarat' as that information.

Exam Tip: When an entire phrase describing a name or identity is underlined, 'What' or 'What is' often forms the best question.

 

Question 5. The teacher will call the students who have registered their names.
A. Whom will the teacher call?
B. Why will the teacher call the students ?
C. How many students will the teacher call ?
D. Where will the teacher call the students ?
Answer: (A) Whom will the teacher call?
In simple words: The question asks which specific group of students the teacher will contact, and the text specifies those who have registered.

Exam Tip: Use 'Whom' when the underlined phrase refers to the object of the verb, asking about the person or group receiving the action.

 

8. Complete the Sentences Using the Functions Given in the Brackets.

(1) We have sold the house that was build by my grandfather, (describing place)

(2) The lady who is wearing a pink sari is our teacher, (describing person)

(3) This is the girl whose purse was stolen. (describing person)

(4) The Akshardham Temple, which is in Gandhinagar, is a beautiful structure.(describing place)

(5) Mount Abu, which is in Rajasthan, is a famous hill station, (describing place)

(6) Sakshi is the girl who won the medal in wrestling, (describing person)

(7) This is the boy whose parents have come to meet the principal. (describing person)

(8) Patan is the place that is famous for the Rani ki Vaav. (describing place)

 

9. Complete the Dialogue Using the Functions Given in the Brackets

 

Our Feathered Friends Summary in Gujarati

ખુશનુમા સવાર છે. પક્ષીઓનો કલરવ અને શીતલ, શાંત પવન. શુભાંગી તેના કુટુંબ સાથે તેમના બગીચામાં ચા-નાસ્તો કરી રહી છે. શુભાંગીની બહેન મિત્રાની બહેનપણી દેવાંગી (તેમની સાથે) બે દિવસ રહેવા આવી છે. દેવાંગી વડોદરાની એમ. એસ. યુનિવર્સિટિમાં પ્રાણીશાસ્ત્રની બીજા વર્ષની વિદ્યાર્થિની છે. એક પક્ષીના અવાજથી મંત્રમુગ્ધ શુભાંગી આશ્ચર્યથી કહે છે, “કેટલી સુંદર ચકલી છે!” દેવાંગી તરત જ તેને સુધારે છે, “તે ચકલી નથી. તે દરજીડો છે. જો, તેનો રંગ પીળાશપડતો લીલો છે અને તે ચકલી કરતાં નાનું છે.” શુભાંગી: તારી વાત સાચી છે, દીદી. પણ પરમ દિવસે મેં તેને જોયું ત્યારે તેનો રંગ બદામી હતો. દેવાંગીઃ જો, શુભ. આ નર છે અને બદામી રંગની માદા હતી. શુભાંગીઃ એવું કેમ? મેં જોયું છે કે (પક્ષીઓની) લગભગ બધી જ
જાતમાં નરની સરખામણીમાં માદાનો રંગ ઝાંખો હોય છે. દેવાંગી એમ લાગે છે કે તને પક્ષીઓમાં ઊંડો રસ છે. શુભાંગી : હા, દીદી. જો મિત્રાદીદી હંમેશાં તેના પ્રજેકટમાં વ્યસ્ત હોય છે. તું મને પક્ષીઓ વિશે વધારે જણાવીશ, પ્લીઝ? દેવાંગી એ મારો રસનો વિષય છે, મિત્રાનો નહીં. પક્ષીઓ વિશે વાતો કરતાં મને આનંદ થશે. મિત્રો, મારી બૅગમાંથી સલિમ અલીનું પુસ્તક “બડ્ઝ ઑવ ઈન્ડિયા’ લઈ આવીશ, પ્લીઝ?
મિત્રો કેમ નહિ? જરૂર. માતા-પિતા બાળકો, તમે ચર્ચાની મજા માણો. અમારે હવે જવું પડશે. દેવાંગીઃ સાંભળ, શુભાંગી. વન્ય પક્ષીઓ, જલપક્ષીઓ અને માનવોના રહેઠાણ નજીક રહેતાં પક્ષીઓ હોય છે. આ દરજીડો એ આપણી આસપાસ રહેનારું પક્ષી છે. તે લીલાં પાંદડાં અને ઝાડના રેસાથી તેનો માળો ગૂંથે છે.
તેથી જ તેને ટેલર-બી (દરજીડો) કહેવામાં આવે છે.
શુભાંગીઃ વાહ! પણ નર અને માદાના રંગો શા માટે જુદા જુદા હોય છે? આપણે તો સરખા રંગ હોય છે. દેવાંગી એય, ચુલબુલ! પક્ષીઓ મુખ્યત્વે બે પ્રકારનાં હોય છે: શિકારી પક્ષીઓ અને નાનાં પક્ષીઓ. શિકારી પક્ષીઓ ખોરાક માટે નાનાં પક્ષીઓનો શિકાર કરે છે. શિકારીઓથી પોતાને છુપાવવા માટે માદાનો રંગ ઝાંખો હોવો જોઈએ કારણ કે તેણે વંશ ચાલુ રાખવાનો હોય છે. શુભાંગી અદ્ભુત! કુદરતની કરામત કેવી છે! મિત્રા દેવાંગી, આ રહ્યું તારું પુસ્તક. તેમાં પક્ષીઓ વિશે ખૂબ રસપ્રદ માહિતી આપવામાં આવી છે.
દેવાંગી: પક્ષીઓ વિશે જાણકારી મેળવવી, એ મારો શોખ છે, મિત્રા. જો શુભાંગી! આ ચિત્ર દરજીડાના માળાનું છે.
શુભાંગીઃ ઓહ! સુંદર છે. દેવાંગી ? ચાલ, આપણે એક બીજા રસપ્રદ પક્ષી વિશે વાત કરીએ. જો, આ ઇન્ડિયન ગ્રે હૉર્નબિલ છે. આ પક્ષી ભારતીય ઉપખંડમાં જોવા મળે છે. તેના આખા શરીર પર રાખોડી રંગનાં પીછા છે અને પેટ ઝાંખા રાખોડી રંગનું છે.
શુભાંગી હા, દીદી. તે ક્યાં રહે છે? દેવાંગી : તેનું રહેઠાણ જંગલમાં તેમજ શહેરી વિસ્તારમાં, ખાસ કરીને મોટાં વૃક્ષોમાં – એમ બંને જગ્યાએ હોય છે. શુભાંગી તેની ચાંચ વિચિત્ર છે, નહીં? દેવાંગી હા. તેની ચાંચ પર શિંગડા (horn) જેવો એક વધારાનો
ભાગ હોય છે અને તેથી જ તેને હોંનબિલ (શિંગડા જેવી ચાંચ) કહેવામાં આવે છે. બીજી રસપ્રદ વાત એ છે કે તે ઊંચાં વૃક્ષોની બખોલમાં માળો બાંધે છે, માદા માળાના પોલાણમાં પ્રવેશ કરે છે અને પછી નર દ્વારા આપવામાં આવતી માટીની ગોળીઓથી તેને (માળાને બંધ કરી દે છે. નર, માદાનું અને નવા જન્મેલાં બચ્ચાંનું ધ્યાન રાખે
છે, તે મા અને બચ્ચાંને ખોરાક પહોંચાડે છે. શુભાંગી : કેટલો પ્રેમાળ નર! દેવાંગી : આખાય કુટુંબને ખોરાક પહોંચાડવાનું કામ કેટલું અઘરું !
આખોય દિવસ તેણે ખોરાક એકઠો કરવો પડે છે. માદા પ્રત્યે આટલા પ્રેમાળ વર્તન માટે આપણા રાજ્યના કેટલાક વિસ્તારોમાં તેને વહુ-ધેલો – એટલે કે જે પોતાની પત્નીની વધારે પડતી કાળજી લેતો હોય – પણ કહેવામાં આવે છે. શુભાંગી : વાહ ! સરસ. મારા શિક્ષક પણ કહે છે કે આપણે બીજાને મદદરૂપ થવું જોઈએ. શું હું હજી એક : : અવશ્ય. શુભાંગી : જ્યારે હું પોલોના જંગલમાં મારી બહેનપણી નાઝમિનના
ઘરે ગઈ હતી, ત્યારે મેં બાવળના ઝાડ પર સુગરીના કેટલાય માળા જોયા. કેટલા સુંદર ! તેઓ તેમના માળા કેવી રીતે બાંધતા હશે? દેવાંગી : પુસ્તકમાં આ ચિત્ર જો. આ સુગરી છે, ગુજરાતીમાં તેને સુગરી કહે છે, એટલે કે એ, જે સુંદર ઘર બાંધે છે. ઈશ્વરે આપણને વિવિધ કૌશલ્યોની ભેટ આપી છે. અને સુગરીને તેના માળા બાંધવાનું કૌશલ્ય ભેટમાં મળ્યું છે. માળા બાંધવા માટે સુગરી લાંબા દોરા જેવા ધાસના તાંતણા પસંદ કરે છે. શુભાંગીઃ દીદી, માળો કોણ બાંધે છે? નર કે માદા? દેવાંગીઃ નર સુગરી માળા બાંધે છે. માળો બાંધવાનું કામ પૂર્ણ
કરતાં આશરે 18 દિવસો લાગે છે, જ્યારે માળો અધ્ધ બંધાઈ જાય છે, ત્યારે નર તેના ગીત દ્વારા માદાને રહેવાનું આમંત્રણ આપે છે. જો તે (માદા) માળો પસંદ કરે, તો બંને સાથે મળીને માળો પૂર્ણ કરે છે. જો તે (માળો પસંદ) ન કરે, તો માળો ત્યજી દેવામાં આવે છે. શુભાંગી તો નર માટે એકથી વધુ માળા બનાવવાનું બહુ અઘરું
દેવાંગી : હા, સાવ સાચી વાત. માળા બાંધવાની સતુમાં નર ઘણા માળા બાંધે છે. શુભાંગી : બિચારો! દીદી, મને યાદ છે, મેં કેટલાય અપૂર્ણ માળા
પણ જોયા હતા. દેવાંગી શુભાંગી, પક્ષીઓ આપણા મિત્રો તો છે, પણ તેઓ આપણને ઘણી રીતે મદદ કરે છે, તું ગીધને તો જાણે છે, સામાન્ય રીતે, લોકોને ગધ ગમતા નથી, કારણ કે તેઓ મૃત પ્રાણીઓ ખાય છે, પણ તેમને અંગ્રેજીમાં) ઑવિજ (સફાઈ કરતા પક્ષીઓ) કહેવામાં આવે છે, કારણ કે સડેલાં મડદાં ખાઈને તેઓ આપણી આસપાસનો વિસ્તાર સાફ રાખે છે. તેના ચિત્રમાં તેની ચાંચ ધ્યાનથી જો.
મડદાંમાંથી માંસ ચીરીને કાઢી શકે તેવી તેની રચના છે, શુભાંગી : હા, ચાંચનો વળાંક ખૂબ તીણ છે. દીદી, છેલ્લા કેટલાય મહિનાઓથી મેં એક પણ ગીધને આકાશમાં ઊડતું જોયું નથી. તેનું કારણ શું? દેવાંગ : આજકાલ માંદાં પ્રાણીઓને (ઢોરને) સાજાં કરવા માટે લોકો દવાનો ઉપયોગ કરે છે. જ્યારે તેના પ્રાણીઓ મરે છે, ત્યારે ગીધ તેમને ખાય છે. Diclofenac ગીધ માટે ખુબ જ હાનિકારક છે. આવું માંસ ખાધા પછી તે (ગીધ) ધીમે ધીમે થોડા દિવસોમાં મરી જાય છે. આ
રીતેં) લગભગ 97 % ગીધની વસ્તી નાશ પામી છે. શુભાંગી તેનો અર્થ એ કે આપણે, માનવજાત, ખૂબ જ સ્વાર્થી
છીએ. પૃથ્વી પરના અન્ય જીવોની આપણે પરવા કરતા નથી. પક્ષીઓને બચાવવા આપણે કેમ કંઈ કરતા નથી?
આપણે પક્ષીઓને કઈ રીતે મદદ કરી શકીએ?
દેવાંગી : તમે પક્ષીઓને ધણા અને પાણી આપી શકો છો. આજકાલ આપણને બહુ ઓછી ચકલીઓ જોવા
મળે છે, નઈં ? તે ક્યાં ગઈ? શુભાંગી હું… કદાચ તેઓ મામાના ઘરે ગઈ હશે. દેવાંગીઃ (તો
પછી) બાકીના દિવસોનું શું? શુભાંગી મને ખબર નથી. શું તું મને સમજાવીશ, પ્લીઝ? દેવાંગીઃ તેઓ
આપણને છોડી ગઈ, કારણ કે કે આપન્ને તેમનાં ઘર નષ્ટ કર્યો. શુભાંગી : કેવી રીતે? મેં તો એવું કોઈ તોફાન
કર્યું નથી.
દેવાંગી : ના, વહાલી. ખરેખર તો આપણે આપબ્રાં ઘરોની રચના એવી રીતે કરી છે કે પક્ષીઓ ઘરમાં
આવી ન શકે, આપણે આપણાં ઘરમાં તેમને માળો બાંધવા દેતા નથી. આપણી સાથે રહેવામાં તેમને
સલામતી લાગે છે, તેથી જ કે આપણે તેને હાઉસ સ્પેરો (ધરની ચકલી) કહીએ છીએ. શુભાંગીઃ વારુ, મારે તે
પાછી જોઈએ છે અને મને ખાતરી છે
કે મારા મિત્રો પણ મને મદદ કરશે. દેવાંગ સારુ. પૂંઠાની પેટીઓ વડે તમે ચક્લીના માળા બનાવી
શકો છો. પક્ષીઓને ગાંઠિયા ખવરાવશો નë, કારણ કે તે તેમના પેટ માટે હાનિકારક છે. ચોખા, બાજરી,
વગેરેના દાણા (આપો) અને રકાબીમાં પાણી મૂકો. તમારી સાથે રમવા તેઓ જરૂર આવશે. પછી તું અને
તારા મિત્રો એક ગીત ગાઈ શકશો :
“ચકીબહેન, ચકીબહેન, મારી સાથે રમવા આવશો કે નહીં. આવશો કે નહીં?” શુભાંગીઃ હજુ એક પ્રશ્ન,
દીદી. દેવાંગી: ઓહ, જરૂર. શુભાંગી : મને પ્રવાસી પક્ષીઓ વિશે કહે, પ્લીઝ. દેવાંગી : જો શુભ, દર વર્ષે
યુરોપ, સાઇબિરિયા અને બીજા ઠંડા
દેશોમાંથી હજારો પક્ષીઓ આપણા મહેમાન બની આવે છે. પેલિકન, સારસ, વિવિધ બતકો અને રોઝિ પાસ્ટર જેવાં પક્ષીઓ હજારો ક્લિોમીટરનો પ્રવાસ કરી ભારતમાં ઊડી નાવે છે, શુભાંગી: રોઝિ પાસ્ટર! આ નામ સાંભળવામાં મીઠું છે. તે શું છે? દેવાંગીઃ એ આપણી મેના જેવું એક પક્ષી છે. ગુજરાતીમાં રોઝિ પાસ્ટરને વૈયા કહે છે. તેનો રંગ આછો બદામી અને ગુલાબી હોય છે. શુભાંગીઃ તે એ જ પક્ષી છે, જેને શિયાળામાં હું ટોળામાં ઊડતા જોઉં છું. દેવાંગીઃ સારું નિરીક્ષણ છે. આ પક્ષી જૂન-જુલાઈમાં યુરોપથી ભારત આવે છે. અને માર્ચ-એપ્રિલમાં પાછા ફરે છે. શુભાંગીઃ કોઈ નકશા વિના તેઓ કેવી રીતે પ્રવાસ કરે છે?
દેવાંગીઃ તેઓ સૂર્યની મદદથી તેમનો માર્ગ શોધે છે. તેઓ આવે ત્યારે વહેલી સવારે પ્રવાસ કરે છે અને વળતા પ્રવાસમાં તેઓ સાંજે ઊડે છે. શુભાંગીઃ શું બધાં પક્ષીઓ એકસરખી રીતે ઊડીને પ્રવાસ કરે છે? દેવાંગી : જરાય નહીં. પ્રવાસી પક્ષીઓ જુદી જુદી રીતે પ્રવાસ કરે છે.
સારસ, બતક અને હંસ જેવાં પક્ષીઓ v આકારની ગોઠવણીમાં ઊંડે છે. અમુક બતકો, વૉબ્લર અને મમ્મીમાર જેવાં પક્ષીઓ સમૂહમાં ઊડે છે. શુભાંગી : હે ભગવાન! આટલી બધી માહિતી હું કઈ રીતે યાદ રાખી શકું? દેવાંગી : સહેલું છે, પક્ષીઓને ઓળખવા માટે આ મુદ્દા યાદ રાખો.

• પક્ષીનો રંગ જુઓ.
• તેના કદનું નિરીક્ષણ કરો.
• તેની ચાંચ અને સ્થળ, જેમ ફકાર અને લંબાઈ
• દેખાયા હોય તે સ્થળ, જેમ કે, ઝાડ અથવા તાર પર બેઠા હોય, પાણીમાં, ખુલ્લા મેદાનમાં, ઘાસમાં અથવા આકાશમાં હોય.

આ મુદ્દાઓ ઉપરાંત, જે પક્ષીનો સ્વભાવ કે કોઈ લક્ષણ તમારા નજીકના મિત્ર સાથે મળતા હોય, તો તે મિત્રનું નામ તેને આપી શકો છો. શુભાંગીઃ સાચી વાત છે. પક્ષીઓની રંગીન દુનિયા સાથે મારો પરિચય કરાવવા બદલ આભાર, દીદ. દેવાંગીઃ હા, મારા બ્રેનફીવર પક્ષી ! મિત્રાઃ તે વળી શું છે? દેવાંગી : શુભાંગી જેવું એક પક્ષી, શુભ, તે પક્ષી વિશે માહિતી મેળવ. મિત્રાઃ શુભ, યાદ રાખજે !
પૃથ્વી પર આપણને પક્ષીઓની જરૂર છે, કારણ કે તેઓ પાકને નુકસાન કરતાં જંતુઓ ખાઈ જાય છે. બીજ ફેલાવવામાં પણ તેઓ મદદરૂપ થાય છે. તેમના મીઠા કલરવથી તેઓ આપણું મનોરંજન કરે છે. પક્ષીઓની સંભાળ લો; તેઓ સ્વસ્થ વાતાવરણના ખરા, સૂચક છે. શમાંગીઆભારે, દા.

 

Word Meanings

feathered (ફેઘર્ડ) પીંછાંવાળું

pleasant (પ્લેઝન્ટ) આનંદકારક

to chirp (ટૂ ચર્પ) ચીંચીં કરવું

zoology (ઝોઑલિજ) પ્રાણીશાસ્ત્ર

to exclaim (ટૂ ઇક્સક્લેમ) આનંદથી ઉદ્ગાર કાઢવો

promptly (પ્રૉટલિ) તરત જ

tailor bird (ટેલર બર્ડ) દરજીડો

rust (રસ્ટ) બદામી રંગ

male (मेल) नर

female (ફિમેલ) માદા

to observe (ટૂ અબ્ઝર્વ) બારીકાઈથી જોવું

species (સ્પીશીઝ) જાત, પેટાવિભાગ

dull (ડલ) ઝાંખું

keen (કાન) તીવ્ર, ખૂબ જ

discussion (ડિસ્કશન) ચર્ચા

habitat (હૅબિટટ) પ્રાણી કે વનસ્પતિનું કુદરતી નિવાસસ્થાન

surroundings (સરાઉન્ડિંગ્ઝ) આસપાસનું વાતાવરણ

to stitch (ટૂ સ્ટિચ) સીવવું

fibres (ફાઇબર્ઝ) રેસા

major (મેજર) મુખ્ય

to hunt (ટૂ હન્ટ) શિકાર કરવો

generation (જેનરેશન) પેઢી

design (ડિઝાઈન) રચના, કરામત

nature (નેચર) કુદરત

information (ઈન્ફર્મેશન) માહિતી

passion (પૅશન) શોખ, રસનો વિષય

subcontinent (સબકૉન્ટિનન્ટ) ઉપખંડ

belly (બેલિ) પેટ

wild (વાઈલ્ડ) જંગલનું

urban (અર્બન) શહેરનું

strange (સ્ટ્રેન્જ) વિચિત્ર

bill (બિલ) ચાંચ

extra (એક્સટ્રા) વધારાનું

portion (પૉરશન) ભાગ

horn (હૉર્ન) શિંગડું

hollow (હૉલો) પોલાણ

to seal (ટૂ સીલ) બંધ કરવું

pellet (પેલિટ) ગોળી

to supply (ટૂ સપ્લાઇ) પૂરું પાડવું, આપવું

caring (કૅઅરિંગ) પ્રેમાળ

 

Idioms And Phrases

(1) to be fascinated by
The little girl was fascinated by the colourful flowers.

(2) in comparison with
Tinas ran goli looks duil in comparison with Divya's ran golf.

(3) to be busy with
Father was busy with his office work, when his friends came to meet him.

(4) to talk about
Mrs Pandya is going to talk about the importance of discipline in life.

(5) to hide from
The little boy is hiding from his mother, who is angry with him.

(6) supposed to
All the students are supposed to wear white uniform for the Sports Day.

(7) as well as
Geeta can sing as well as dance.

(8) to take care of
Mitali takes care of her little sister.

(9) at present
How many students are there in the school at present ?

(10) to enter into
Since it was raining, many people entered into my shop for shelter.

(11) to match with
Do these bangles match with my new dress ?

 

I Feel... (Classroom / Individual Activity)

(1) How do you feel when you hear a bird chirping / singing ?

(2) Make a list of birds that you see around you.

(3) What will you do if you find somebody hunting or teasing birds ?

(4) Do you find house sparrows in your area ? What will you and your friends do to save the sparrows ?

(5) Underline the sentences that show Shubhangi's curiosity to know more about birds.