CBSE Class 8 Science Chapter 07 Particulate Nature Of Matter MCQs Set 01

Download CBSE MCQs for Class 8 Science: Chapter 07 Particulate Nature Of Matter

Access targeted multiple-choice questions for Chapter 07 Particulate Nature Of Matter designed to align with the latest CBSE academic syllabus for Class 8 Science. These objective practice sets help students evaluate their conceptual understanding and improve exam readiness.

Chapter-wise Objective Questions: Chapter 07 Particulate Nature Of Matter

Access the complete set of multiple-choice questions for Chapter 07 Particulate Nature Of Matter below. This focused format allows students to isolate specific topics for thorough review and uninterrupted practice alongside official CBSE textbooks.

Question: In Activity 7.1, when chalk is ground into fine powder using a mortar and pestle, the substance obtained is still chalk. This observation supports which key concept about matter?
A. Chalk transforms into a new substance through grinding
B. Matter is made up of tiny basic units called constituent particles
C. Grinding is a chemical change that creates new materials
D. Chalk particles cannot be broken down any further by any means
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Matter is made up of tiny basic units called constituent particles

Explanation:
The activity demonstrates that despite repeated grinding, each speck remains chalk—nothing new is formed. This shows matter consists of tiny indivisible units (constituent particles) held together by forces, supporting the particulate nature of matter concept.

Question: When sugar dissolves in water, the water level in the container may decrease even though sugar was added. What does this observation reveal?
A. Sugar particles are heavier than water and sink
B. The sugar particles occupy spaces that already existed between water particles
C. Water evaporates when sugar is dissolved in it
D. Solids always reduce the volume of liquids when mixed
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) The sugar particles occupy spaces that already existed between water particles

Explanation:
Since the final volume is less than the sum of initial volumes, sugar particles must fit into the gaps between water particles. These gaps are called interparticle spaces, proving that matter has some empty space between its particles.

Question: Which factor primarily determines whether a substance exists as a solid, liquid, or gas at room temperature?
A. The colour of the substance
B. The strength of interparticle attractions and interparticle distance
C. Whether the substance is organic or inorganic
D. The availability of oxygen around the substance
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) The strength of interparticle attractions and interparticle distance

Explanation:
The physical state depends on how strongly particles are held together and how far apart they are. Strong attractions with close spacing create solids; weaker attractions and larger distances create liquids and gases respectively.

Question: In Activity 7.3, when solid objects like iron nails are hammered, they maintain their shape despite force being applied. This is because:
A. Solids are made of very hard materials that cannot change
B. The particles in solids are loosely packed and can move freely
C. Strong interparticle attractions hold particles in fixed positions
D. Solids contain no water molecules that would allow movement
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (C) Strong interparticle attractions hold particles in fixed positions

Explanation:
Solids retain their shape under stress because their constituent particles are held together by very strong attractive forces and remain in fixed positions. This prevents particles from moving freely even when external force is applied.

Question: At the melting point of ice (0°C), what fundamental change occurs in the arrangement of water molecules?
A. Particles gain sufficient energy to move away from fixed positions into a more mobile state
B. All interparticle forces disappear completely
C. Particles vibrate more slowly to save energy
D. Water molecules split into smaller units called atoms
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Particles gain sufficient energy to move away from fixed positions into a more mobile state

Explanation:
At melting point, added thermal energy overcomes some interparticle attractions, allowing particles to leave their fixed positions. They can now move around within a limited space, creating the liquid state while interparticle forces become weaker but remain.

Question: In Activity 7.4, when water is transferred between three differently shaped containers A, B, and C, which property does the observation primarily demonstrate?
A. Water particles are always moving in all directions
B. Liquids have a definite volume but no fixed shape
C. Containers determine the properties of liquids
D. Water has stronger interparticle forces than solids
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Liquids have a definite volume but no fixed shape

Explanation:
The water maintains the same volume (200 mL) across all three containers but adapts to each container's shape. This directly illustrates that liquids possess fixed volume due to closer particle packing than gases, while lacking fixed shape because particles can move within limited space.

Question: What does Activity 7.5 with the smoke spreading between two connected gas jars reveal about gas particles?
A. Gas particles settle at the bottom due to gravity
B. Gas particles fill all available space because they move freely in all directions
C. Smoke is heavier than air so it naturally spreads downward
D. Gas particles are held by weak attractive forces similar to liquids
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Gas particles fill all available space because they move freely in all directions

Explanation:
The smoke spreading throughout both jars shows gas particles move freely without restriction. This happens because interparticle attractions in gases are negligible, allowing particles to occupy all available space regardless of initial location.

Question: When a syringe filled with air is compressed by pushing the plunger (Activity 7.6), the volume decreases. What does this reveal about the nature of gas particles?
A. • Gases are incompressible and cannot be squeezed • Gas particles have large empty spaces between them • These spaces can be reduced by applying external pressure • Upon releasing pressure, particles spread again
B. Gases are denser than solids and liquids
C. Pressure has no effect on gas particles
D. Gases always expand and can never be compressed
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) • Gases are incompressible and cannot be squeezed • Gas particles have large empty spaces between them • These spaces can be reduced by applying external pressure • Upon releasing pressure, particles spread again

Explanation:
Compression shows gas particles naturally maintain significant spacing. External pressure forces them closer together, reducing volume. When pressure stops, particles move apart again—demonstrating the large interparticle spaces and free movement characteristic of gases.

Question: Acharya Kanad's concept of 'Parmanu' from ancient Indian philosophy aligns most closely with which modern scientific idea discussed in this chapter?
A. The concept of interparticle attractions
B. The states of matter in solids, liquids, and gases
C. The particulate nature of matter—that matter is made of tiny indivisible particles
D. The process of melting and boiling
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (C) The particulate nature of matter—that matter is made of tiny indivisible particles

Explanation:
Parmanu referred to tiny, eternal, indivisible particles making up matter. This directly parallels the chapter's fundamental concept that all matter is composed of extremely small constituent particles that cannot be further broken down.

Question: When potassium permanganate grains are dropped into water (Activity 7.8), the pink colour spreads throughout. Why does this happen faster in hot water than in cold water?
A. Hot water contains more water molecules than cold water
B. Heat increases the random motion of particles, allowing faster spreading
C. Pink colour molecules are attracted to heat
D. Potassium permanganate dissolves only in hot water
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Heat increases the random motion of particles, allowing faster spreading

Explanation:
Thermal energy makes particles move faster and collide more frequently. These faster-moving water particles pull permanganate particles out and distribute them throughout the liquid more rapidly, demonstrating that temperature directly affects particle movement.

Question: Which sequence correctly represents the order of interparticle spacing from smallest to largest?
A. Gas → Liquid → Solid
B. Solid → Liquid → Gas
C. Liquid → Solid → Gas
D. Solid → Gas → Liquid
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Solid → Liquid → Gas

Explanation:
Solids have tightly packed particles with minimum spacing due to strong attractions. Liquids have particles somewhat farther apart with intermediate spacing. Gases have maximum spacing because attractions are negligible and particles move freely in all directions.

Question: When an incense stick burns in one corner of a room and fragrance is smelled throughout (Activity 7.9), this demonstrates which property of matter?
A. Liquids flow more easily than solids
B. Solids can change into gases
C. Gas particles move freely and randomly, eventually filling available space
D. Fragrance molecules are lighter than air molecules
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (C) Gas particles move freely and randomly, eventually filling available space

Explanation:
Air particles constantly moving in random directions strike fragrance particles, pushing them throughout the room. This illustrates that gas particles have negligible intermolecular attractions and move freely in all directions to occupy all available space.

Question: Boiling differs from evaporation in that boiling:
A. occurs only at the surface of a liquid
B. happens at a specific temperature with rapid vapour formation throughout the liquid
C. requires no heat energy
D. converts liquid directly into solid state
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) happens at a specific temperature with rapid vapour formation throughout the liquid

Explanation:
Boiling occurs at the boiling point where thermal energy is sufficient for vigorous particle motion, causing bubbles to form throughout the liquid as particles escape. Evaporation, in contrast, occurs slowly at any temperature only at the surface where particles gain enough energy to escape.

Question: Ice is an exception among solids because its particles are farther apart than in its liquid form (water). How does this unusual property relate to interparticle forces?
A. Ice has stronger interparticle attractions than water
B. Ice particles vibrate more than water particles
C. Water's structure allows particles to pack more closely than ice due to hydrogen bonding arrangements
D. Temperature has no effect on ice particle spacing
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (C) Water's structure allows particles to pack more closely than ice due to hydrogen bonding arrangements

Explanation:
Ice's crystal structure creates larger spaces between molecules compared to liquid water. Though ice is still a solid with strong attractions and fixed shape, water's liquid state permits closer packing of particles under normal conditions—making this an instructive exception to the general solid-liquid relationship.

Question: According to the chapter's conclusion about thermal energy and states of matter, which statement best explains why heating a solid eventually converts it to a gas?
A. Solids naturally want to become gases over time
B. Added thermal energy progressively increases particle motion, weakening interparticle attractions until particles can escape completely
C. Gases are always more stable than solids
D. Thermal energy destroys the solid's molecular structure
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Added thermal energy progressively increases particle motion, weakening interparticle attractions until particles can escape completely

Explanation:
Low thermal energy in solids restricts particles to vibration. Heating increases motion, weakening attractions at melting point (solid→liquid). Further heating increases motion until particles have enough energy to overcome remaining attractions (liquid→gas), demonstrating thermal energy's central role in determining state.

Question: When chalk is broken and ground repeatedly into smaller pieces, each tiny speck obtained still remains chalk. Which concept about matter composition does this most directly support?
A. Matter can be reduced to very small indivisible particles called constituent particles
B. Grinding chalk produces a chemical change that transforms the substance
C. Chalk particles become lighter as their size decreases
D. Breaking down matter eventually creates new substances
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Matter can be reduced to very small indivisible particles called constituent particles

Explanation:
The chapter establishes through Activity 7.1 that grinding chalk is a physical change—the chalk remains chemically the same substance, just divided into progressively smaller pieces. This demonstrates that matter is composed of extremely small particles (constituent particles) that retain the properties of the original material even when separated into tiny units.

Question: In Activity 7.2, when sugar dissolves completely in water, no visible sugar particles appear in the solution yet the water tastes sweet. How does the chapter explain the presence of sugar in the solution?
A. Sugar converts into water molecules when dissolved
B. Sugar particles become so small they occupy interparticle spaces between water molecules
C. The taste sensation is produced by water alone, not by sugar
D. Sugar disappears because it evaporates from the solution
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Sugar particles become so small they occupy interparticle spaces between water molecules

Explanation:
The dissolved sugar breaks up into constituent particles so small they cannot be seen, but they fit into the available spaces between water particles (interparticle spaces). The sweet taste confirms sugar's presence even though individual particles are invisible.

Question: According to the chapter, what is the primary factor that determines the physical state of matter—whether a substance appears as solid, liquid, or gas?
A. The colour and transparency of the substance
B. The thermal energy of particles, which affects interparticle distance and attraction strength
C. The container in which the substance is stored
D. The size of the original sample
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) The thermal energy of particles, which affects interparticle distance and attraction strength

Explanation:
The final section of the chapter clearly states that 'it is the thermal energy of the particles that determines the physical state of matter.' Low thermal energy keeps particles close in solids; medium thermal energy allows limited movement in liquids; high thermal energy enables free movement in gases. This energy determines interparticle distance and the strength of attractive forces.

Question: In Activity 7.3, solid objects like iron nails, stones, and keys maintain their definite shape even when struck with a hammer. What property of particles in solids is directly responsible for this behaviour?
A. Particles in solids vibrate very rapidly
B. Particles in solids have very strong interparticle attractions that hold them in fixed positions
C. Particles in solids are much larger than in other states
D. Particles in solids do not contain any thermal energy
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Particles in solids have very strong interparticle attractions that hold them in fixed positions

Explanation:
The chapter explains that in solids, particles are tightly packed with very strong interparticle attractions that hold them in fixed positions. This prevents particles from moving freely past each other, which is why solids maintain their definite shape and cannot be easily deformed.

Question: When ice melts at 0°C, the process involves overcoming interparticle attractions so particles can move more freely. At the molecular level, what specifically increases to enable this phase change?
A. The colour of the particles changes
B. The size of individual water particles grows
C. The thermal energy of particles becomes sufficient to overcome attractive forces
D. The number of particles in the substance increases
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (C) The thermal energy of particles becomes sufficient to overcome attractive forces

Explanation:
At melting point, added thermal energy is used to overcome the attractive forces holding particles in fixed positions. This increase in thermal energy allows particles to move away from their fixed positions and transition into the liquid state where movement is restricted to a limited space rather than completely fixed.

Question: In Activity 7.4, water placed in containers A, B, and C (each shaped differently) maintains the same 200 mL volume but takes the shape of each container. This observation most directly demonstrates which property of liquids?
A. Liquids have no definite shape but possess a definite volume
B. Liquids have both definite shape and definite volume
C. Liquids have definite shape but no definite volume
D. The shape and volume of liquids cannot be measured
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Liquids have no definite shape but possess a definite volume

Explanation:
Activity 7.4 clearly shows that despite taking different shapes in each container, the water level remains at 200 mL throughout. This directly supports the conclusion that liquids have no fixed shape (they conform to their container) but maintain a definite volume.

Question: Activity 7.5 demonstrates that smoke trapped in Gas Jar A spreads throughout Gas Jar B when the glass plate is removed, eventually filling the entire available space. What does this behaviour reveal about gas particles and interparticle forces?
A. Gas particles are stationary and packed tightly together
B. Gas particles move freely in all directions and experience negligible interparticle attractions
C. Gas particles are heavier than liquid particles
D. Gas particles can only move downward due to gravity
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Gas particles move freely in all directions and experience negligible interparticle attractions

Explanation:
The spreading of smoke throughout both gas jars shows that gas particles are completely free to move in all directions. The chapter explains this occurs because interparticle attractions in gases are negligible, allowing particles to occupy all available space rapidly.

Question: When a syringe containing air is compressed by pushing the plunger inward (Activity 7.6), the volume of air decreases significantly. When the pressure is released, the plunger returns to its original position. What does this reversible compression reveal?
A. Air particles are incompressible and rigid
B. Air particles contain large spaces between them that can be reduced by external pressure, and particles naturally spread again when pressure is removed
C. Compressing air permanently reduces the number of particles
D. Air particles merge together when compressed
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Air particles contain large spaces between them that can be reduced by external pressure, and particles naturally spread again when pressure is removed

Explanation:
• Gas particles have substantial interparticle spaces in their natural state
• Applying external pressure forces particles closer together, reducing volume
• When pressure is released, particles spread apart again to fill the available space
• This demonstrates the highly compressible nature of gases, distinguishing them from liquids which are practically incompressible.

Question: Acharya Kanad, an ancient Indian philosopher, proposed the concept of 'Parmanu' as tiny, indivisible eternal particles that compose all matter. How does this ancient idea relate to modern understanding presented in the chapter?
A. Parmanu is identical to what modern science calls atoms and molecules, the constituent particles of all matter
B. Parmanu refers only to solid materials and does not apply to liquids or gases
C. The concept of Parmanu has been disproven and is no longer relevant
D. Parmanu particles are visible under ordinary microscopes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Parmanu is identical to what modern science calls atoms and molecules, the constituent particles of all matter

Explanation:
The chapter acknowledges that Kanad's idea of indivisible particles (Parmanu) aligns with the modern scientific understanding that matter is composed of extremely small particles called constituent particles, which in higher grades are identified as atoms and molecules. This demonstrates the continuity between ancient Indian philosophy and contemporary science.

Question: When potassium permanganate grains are added to water (Activity 7.8), pink streaks spread throughout the liquid, but this spreading happens much faster in hot water than in ice-cold water. What does this temperature-dependent difference in spreading rate indicate?
A. Hot water contains more water particles than cold water
B. The colour of potassium permanganate changes at different temperatures
C. Particle movement in liquids increases with temperature, allowing faster spreading and mixing
D. Permanganate particles are only soluble in hot water
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (C) Particle movement in liquids increases with temperature, allowing faster spreading and mixing

Explanation:
The 'Think like a scientist' section explains that water particles move faster at higher temperatures. This increased motion allows them to pull permanganate particles from the grain and disperse them throughout the liquid more rapidly. The observation directly links temperature to particle movement speed.

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