CBSE Class 8 Science Chapter 06 Pressure, Winds, Storms, And Cyclones MCQs Set 02

Science Objective Questions and Answers: Chapter 06 Pressure, Winds, Storms, And Cyclones

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Question: In Activity 6.4 with the rubber sucker, why does the sucker stick firmly to a smooth flat surface even though you apply only moderate pressure?
A. The sucker's rubber creates a chemical bond with the surface.
B. Air between the cup and surface is expelled, reducing internal pressure while external atmospheric pressure pushes the sucker down.
C. The sucker generates its own adhesive force independent of air pressure.
D. The smooth surface actively pulls the sucker towards itself through magnetic attraction.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Air between the cup and surface is expelled, reducing internal pressure while external atmospheric pressure pushes the sucker down.

Explanation:
When the sucker is pressed, most of the air trapped between its cup and the surface is pushed out. This creates a lower-pressure region inside the sucker compared to the surrounding atmosphere. The higher atmospheric pressure outside pushes the sucker firmly against the surface, making it difficult to pull off.

Question: Which of the following best explains why a sharp knife cuts fruit more easily than a blunt knife, based on concepts from this chapter?
A. The sharp knife is made of superior metal that slices through fruit fibres.
B. A sharp edge concentrates the applied force over a much smaller area, creating higher pressure at the contact point.
C. Blunt knives are heavier and therefore require more effort to use.
D. The shape of the knife blade determines how quickly the fruit ripens.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) A sharp edge concentrates the applied force over a much smaller area, creating higher pressure at the contact point.

Explanation:
Pressure equals force divided by area. A sharp edge has a smaller surface area in contact with the fruit than a blunt edge. When the same force is applied, the smaller contact area produces much greater pressure, allowing the knife to penetrate and cut the fruit more efficiently.

Question: Based on Activity 6.5 with the connected balloons, when air flows from the inflated balloon to the deflated one, at what point does the air movement stop?
A. When the inflated balloon becomes completely empty.
B. When both balloons reach approximately the same size and their internal pressures equalise.
C. When external atmospheric pressure decreases.
D. When the straw becomes blocked by expanding rubber.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) When both balloons reach approximately the same size and their internal pressures equalise.

Explanation:
Air naturally flows from regions of high pressure to regions of low pressure. In this activity, movement continues only as long as a pressure difference exists between the two balloons. Once both balloons achieve nearly identical sizes, their internal pressures equilibrate and air flow ceases.

Question: When land gets heated on a summer afternoon and water remains cooler, warm air above the land rises while cooler air from the sea moves in to replace it. What do we call this directional movement of air from sea to land?
A. Land breeze
B. Sea breeze
C. Trade wind
D. Monsoon wind
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Sea breeze

Explanation:
During daytime, land heats faster than the ocean. Warm air over land becomes less dense and rises, creating a low-pressure zone. Cool, high-pressure air from over the sea flows toward this low-pressure area, creating what is known as a sea breeze—wind that blows from sea toward land.

Question: In Activity 6.6 where two balloons are blown between with increasing force, why do the balloons move toward each other rather than away?
A. The moving air pushes the balloons together mechanically.
B. High-speed air between the balloons creates a low-pressure zone, while higher pressure surrounding them pushes them inward.
C. The balloons are attracted to each other by static electricity.
D. The breath contains moisture that contracts the balloon surface.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) High-speed air between the balloons creates a low-pressure zone, while higher pressure surrounding them pushes them inward.

Explanation:
• High-speed air flow between balloons creates a region of reduced pressure
• Surrounding air at normal atmospheric pressure is higher
• Higher external pressure pushes the balloons toward the low-pressure zone between them
• Stronger blowing increases the speed and intensifies this pressure difference

Question: During thunderstorm formation, strong winds move both upward and downward through clouds. How does this vertical wind motion contribute to the development of electric charges?
A. Wind creates friction with cloud particles, causing them to rub together and become charged.
B. Water droplets evaporate more rapidly due to wind, releasing stored electrical energy.
C. Wind separates the clouds from Earth's magnetic field, inducing charges.
D. Wind prevents the neutralisation of naturally occurring charges in the atmosphere.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Wind creates friction with cloud particles, causing them to rub together and become charged.

Explanation:
When water droplets and ice particles collide and rub against each other due to strong vertical winds, they generate static electric charges through friction—the same process you learned about when rubbing two objects together. This mechanical rubbing is the primary mechanism that builds up charges within storm clouds.

Question: In a developing thunderstorm cloud, positively charged ice particles move to the upper region while negatively charged water droplets sink to the lower region. When the negatively charged cloud base comes closer to the ground, what becomes positively charged as a result?
A. The clouds themselves repel and become more positively charged.
B. Objects on Earth's surface such as trees, buildings, and the ground itself become positively charged.
C. The upper atmosphere develops a positive charge layer.
D. Only metallic objects on the ground become charged; non-metals remain neutral.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Objects on Earth's surface such as trees, buildings, and the ground itself become positively charged.

Explanation:
As the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud approaches the ground, it induces a positive charge in the Earth's surface and nearby objects beneath it. This charge separation—negative charge above, positive below—creates the electrical potential that eventually results in lightning when the air's insulating properties break down.

Question: Consider a situation where a cylindrical container is filled with water to a certain height. If you double the height of the water column while keeping the container's cross-section constant, how does the pressure at the bottom change?
A. The pressure remains the same because the water's mass is unchanged.
B. The pressure doubles because the height of the water column doubles.
C. The pressure increases by four times due to the relationship between area and height.
D. The pressure decreases because water becomes more dispersed vertically.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) The pressure doubles because the height of the water column doubles.

Explanation:
Pressure in a liquid depends directly on the height of the liquid column above that point. When you double the height, you double the weight of water pressing down, which doubles the pressure at the bottom. This is why Activity 6.1 showed that equal water column heights produce equal balloon bulges regardless of the pipe's diameter.

Question: A coastal region experiences trees bent distinctly away from the ocean during summer afternoons. Based on what you know about sea and land breezes, which conclusion is most logical?
A. The region labeled B in such a diagram would be the land area.
B. The region labeled A in such a diagram would be the land area.
C. The trees are bent away from the actual wind direction.
D. The direction of tree bending is unrelated to land-sea location.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) The region labeled B in such a diagram would be the land area.

Explanation:
During summer afternoons, land heats more than the sea, creating a low-pressure zone over land. Wind blows from the sea (high pressure) toward land (low pressure), bending trees toward the land. If trees are bent away from the ocean, they are being pushed toward land, indicating that region B is the land and region A is the sea.

Question: Lightning can occur in three different scenarios. Which pair includes two of these scenarios mentioned in the chapter?
A. Between two clouds and between ocean and sky
B. Within a single cloud and between clouds and the ground
C. Below ground and within a human body
D. In the upper atmosphere and in air pockets only
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Within a single cloud and between clouds and the ground

Explanation:
The chapter explicitly states that lightning can occur as opposite charges collide within a cloud, between clouds, or between clouds and the ground. These three scenarios represent the primary ways lightning manifests, each resulting from electrical charge separation and breakdown of air's insulating properties.

Question: According to the chapter, what is the primary reason cyclones gradually lose their strength once they move from the ocean over a landmass?
A. Land surfaces are cooler than ocean water and reduce atmospheric temperature.
B. The supply of warm, moist air that fuels the cyclone is cut off as it moves away from the ocean.
C. Landmasses have higher air pressure that naturally weakens storm systems.
D. Cyclones lose energy due to friction with taller landforms and vegetation.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) The supply of warm, moist air that fuels the cyclone is cut off as it moves away from the ocean.

Explanation:
Cyclones form and intensify over warm ocean waters because the continuous evaporation of water and subsequent condensation releases large amounts of heat that powers the system. Once a cyclone moves inland, it loses access to this vital source of warm, moist air, causing the energy input to cease and the storm to gradually weaken.

Question: The Amphan cyclone of 2020 generated wind speeds of 270 km/h and created a water surge 3–12 metres high. Beyond immediate flooding, the chapter mentions one major secondary damage to farmland. What is this damage?
A. Crops are buried under fallen tree debris, preventing future growth.
B. Salt from seawater makes soil less fertile, reducing crop productivity for extended periods.
C. High winds strip all leaves from plants, preventing photosynthesis.
D. Saltwater evaporation creates a toxic atmospheric layer above farmland.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Salt from seawater makes soil less fertile, reducing crop productivity for extended periods.

Explanation:
The chapter specifically states that seawater rushing inland can contaminate farmland, and the salt in seawater can make soil less fertile, affecting crops. This is a persistent secondary effect that damages agricultural productivity long after the cyclone has passed, as the soil remains chemically altered.

Question: Which statement most accurately describes why doors and windows should be opened during high-speed windstorms rather than kept closed?
A. Open doors and windows allow strong winds to pass through the house safely without causing damage.
B. Opening them equalises the pressure difference between inside and outside the house, reducing the likelihood that roofs will be blown away.
C. Closed windows trap air pockets that explode when struck by wind.
D. Open doors weaken the wall structure, allowing wind to dissipate harmlessly through the building.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Opening them equalises the pressure difference between inside and outside the house, reducing the likelihood that roofs will be blown away.

Explanation:
High-speed winds create low pressure above roofs while normal pressure exists inside closed houses, creating a large pressure difference that can lift and blow away weak roofs. Opening doors and windows allows air to equalise pressure between inside and outside, dramatically reducing the pressure difference and protecting the roof structure.

Question: In the context of electricity and atmospheric phenomena, the chapter explains that air normally acts as an insulator. Under what condition does air lose this insulating property and allow charge flow?
A. When air temperature exceeds 100 degrees Celsius.
B. When the buildup of electrical charges becomes very large, overwhelming air's insulating capability.
C. When air humidity drops below a certain threshold.
D. When air comes into contact with metallic objects.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) When the buildup of electrical charges becomes very large, overwhelming air's insulating capability.

Explanation:
Air typically prevents opposite electrical charges from meeting due to its insulating properties. However, when charge buildup in clouds reaches a critical level, the electrical potential becomes so strong that it overcomes air's insulation, allowing a sudden discharge—this sudden charge flow produces the bright flash we see as lightning.

Question: A person standing in shallow seawater during a lightning storm faces danger if lightning strikes the ground nearby. Based on the chapter's safety guidelines, why is this situation particularly hazardous?
A. Seawater conducts electricity more efficiently than other substances, carrying current to the person.
B. The person's wet clothes absorb electrical charge from the atmosphere.
C. Lightning is attracted to bodies of water due to their salt content.
D. Water prevents the normal operation of the body's nerve signals.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Seawater conducts electricity more efficiently than other substances, carrying current to the person.

Explanation:
The chapter advises getting out of water during lightning because seawater is a good electrical conductor. If lightning strikes nearby and sends electrical current through the water, the person in contact with that water becomes a pathway for the electrical discharge, creating severe danger of electrocution.

Question: When a force of 500 N acts on a surface area of 10 m², what is the resulting pressure in pascal?
A. 50 Pa
B. 5000 Pa
C. 5 Pa
D. 0.05 Pa
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) 50 Pa

Explanation:
Pressure equals force divided by area. Therefore, 500 N ÷ 10 m² = 50 N/m², which is 50 Pa.

Question: In Activity 6.2 with the plastic bottle containing water, when holes at the same height are opened simultaneously, water spurts out with equal force from all holes. What does this demonstrate about how liquids exert pressure?
A. Liquids exert pressure only downward due to gravity
B. Liquids exert pressure in all directions, including horizontally on container walls
C. Liquids exert pressure only at the bottom of containers
D. Pressure in liquids depends on the shape of the container
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Liquids exert pressure in all directions, including horizontally on container walls

Explanation:
The chapter states that liquids exert pressure in all directions, not just vertically. Equal water jets from holes at the same depth confirm this principle—water pushes against the container's sides with force.

Question: During Activity 6.5, after some time both balloons reach almost the same size and air flow stops. Which condition must be satisfied for this equilibrium to occur?
A. The total volume of both balloons becomes equal
B. Air pressure inside both balloons becomes equal
C. The larger balloon shrinks completely
D. Atmospheric pressure forces balance the air inside
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Air pressure inside both balloons becomes equal

Explanation:
Air flow stops when pressure in both balloons becomes equal. As long as a pressure difference exists, air continues moving from higher to lower pressure regions. Equilibrium halts this movement.

Question: A sharp knife cuts fruit more easily than a blunt knife when the same force is applied. According to pressure principles from this chapter, which explanation is correct?
A. The sharp edge is made of stronger metal
B. A sharp edge concentrates force over a smaller area, creating greater pressure
C. A blunt knife has a larger mass that reduces cutting ability
D. The sharp edge reduces the force needed from gravity
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) A sharp edge concentrates force over a smaller area, creating greater pressure

Explanation:
• A sharp edge concentrates the applied force over a tiny contact area
• Pressure = Force / Area, so smaller area means higher pressure
• Higher pressure at the sharp edge penetrates the fruit's surface more easily than the same force spread over the blunt edge's wider contact area.

Question: In Activity 6.6, when you blow air between two hanging balloons with increasing speed, they move toward each other. What air pressure principle explains this behavior?
A. Fast-moving air creates higher pressure, pushing balloons apart
B. Fast-moving air creates lower pressure, allowing outside air to push balloons together
C. Gravity pulls the balloons downward and inward
D. The balloons contain helium that is lighter than the blown air
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Fast-moving air creates lower pressure, allowing outside air to push balloons together

Explanation:
High-speed wind creates a low-pressure zone between the balloons. The higher atmospheric pressure surrounding them pushes them toward the low-pressure region. Blowing harder increases wind speed and deepens the pressure drop, accelerating the balloons' movement.

Question: When warm moist air above heated land rises during the day while cooler air from the sea moves in to replace it, which wind phenomenon occurs?
A. Monsoon wind
B. Sea breeze
C. Land breeze
D. Jet stream
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Sea breeze

Explanation:
The chapter explicitly explains this daily cycle: land heats faster than ocean water, warm air rises creating low pressure, and air from the high-pressure sea region flows toward land, creating a sea breeze during daytime.

Question: In the formation of lightning during a thunderstorm, strong upward and downward winds cause water droplets and ice particles to rub together. What is the direct result of this rubbing?
A. The clouds release all their moisture as rain
B. Static electric charges develop within the clouds
C. The temperature of the cloud decreases rapidly
D. Air pressure inside the cloud increases dramatically
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Static electric charges develop within the clouds

Explanation:
According to the chapter, when objects rub against each other, they become charged. In clouds, vertical wind-driven rubbing of water droplets and ice particles causes static electric charge separation, with positive charges moving upward and negative charges sinking downward.

Question: Consider two containers A and B filled with water to identical heights. Container A is narrow and Container B is wide. At the bottom of each container, which relationship between pressures (PA and PB) is true?
A. PA is greater than PB
B. PA equals PB
C. PA is less than PB
D. The relationship depends on container material
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) PA equals PB

Explanation:
Pressure exerted by a liquid depends only on the height of the liquid column and the type of liquid, not on the container's shape or width. Since both columns have the same height, pressures at the bottom are equal.

Question: A cyclone gradually loses its strength once it moves from the ocean over land. Which factor is primarily responsible for this weakening?
A. Lower atmospheric pressure over land reduces wind formation
B. Land is cooler than ocean water, causing weather to stabilize
C. The source of warm moist air from the ocean is cut off
D. Gravity pulls the cyclone toward the ocean
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (C) The source of warm moist air from the ocean is cut off

Explanation:
Cyclones form and intensify because warm ocean water continuously supplies moist air. When a cyclone moves inland, this vital moisture source disappears. Without evaporation from warm ocean water releasing latent heat into the atmosphere, the low-pressure system cannot maintain its energy and weakens.

Question: During a lightning strike, lightning can occur between three different combinations. Which pair represents two of these possible combinations mentioned in the chapter?
A. Between two clouds and between a cloud and the ocean
B. Within a cloud and between clouds
C. Between the sun and clouds and between buildings on the ground
D. Between a cloud and the atmosphere and between two oceans
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Within a cloud and between clouds

Explanation:
The chapter states that lightning can occur as opposite charges collide within a cloud, between clouds, or between clouds and the ground—these are the three main scenarios described.

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Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for Class 8 Science Chapter 06 Pressure, Winds, Storms, And Cyclones

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