CBSE Class 8 Science Advanced Biology Crop Production and Management Very Short Answer Questions Set 01

Fill in the Blanks

Question 1. ________ contain ________ matter in large quantities.
Answer:
Manures, organic. Manures supply a large amount of organic matter (humus) and only small amounts of nutrients.
In simple words: Manures are rich in organic matter.

Teacher's Note:
1. Manures are bulky and rich in humus.
2. Fertilisers, in contrast, add no humus.

Question 2. The undesirable plants are called ________.
Answer:
Weeds. They grow along with the crop and compete with it for water, nutrients, space and light.
In simple words: Unwanted plants in a field are weeds.

Teacher's Note:
1. Removing them is called weeding.
2. Khurpa and weedicides are used to remove them.

Question 3. Father of green ________ is ________.
Answer:
Revolution, Dr. M. S. Swaminathan. He adapted the high-yielding dwarf wheat varieties to Indian conditions.
In simple words: Dr. M. S. Swaminathan is the Father of the Green Revolution in India.

Teacher's Note:
1. The Green Revolution raised food-grain output, especially wheat.
2. Dr N. E. Borlaug developed the Mexican dwarf wheat.

Question 4. Big pieces of soils are called as ________.
Answer:
Crumbs. A ploughed field has big lumps of soil called crumbs, which are broken up by levelling.
In simple words: Lumps of soil left after ploughing are crumbs.

Teacher's Note:
1. A soil plank or leveller breaks the crumbs.
2. Loose crumbs help roots to penetrate.

Question 5. Zayad crops are grown during mainly in ________.
Answer:
Summer season. They are sown in March and harvested in June.
In simple words: Zaid crops are summer crops.

Teacher's Note:
1. Seasonal fruits and vegetables are examples.
2. Kharif is the rainy season and rabi the winter season.

Question 6. Rice, Jowar, Bajra are ________ crop.
Answer:
Kharif. They are grown in the rainy season, sown in June-July and harvested in September-October.
In simple words: Rice, jowar and bajra are kharif crops.

Teacher's Note:
1. Kharif crops need warm and wet weather.
2. Cotton and groundnut are also kharif crops.

Question 7. In ________ Dr. M. S. Swaminathan has developed a high yield dwarf variety of wheat.
Answer:
1967.
In simple words: The high-yield dwarf wheat was developed in 1967.

Teacher's Note:
1. M. S. Swaminathan led the work on dwarf wheat in the late 1960s.
2. This was a landmark of the Green Revolution.

True or False

Question 8. Fertilisers are nutrient specific.
Answer:
True. A fertiliser supplies a particular nutrient such as nitrogen, phosphorus or potassium as needed.
In simple words: Fertilisers give a chosen nutrient.

Teacher's Note:
1. Manures are not nutrient specific.
2. That is a key point of difference between the two.

Question 9. The plants grown in a field for food and fibres are called crop plants.
Answer:
True. Plants of one kind grown on a large scale for food, fibre, fodder and so on are crops.
In simple words: Plants cultivated for food or fibre are crop plants.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cotton gives fibre and wheat gives food.
2. A crop is plants of one kind grown at one place on a large scale.

Question 10. In India, special festivals are held commemorating the harvest.
Answer:
True. Examples are Pongal, Baisakhi, Holi, Diwali, Nabanya and Bihu.
In simple words: Harvest is celebrated with festivals across India.

Teacher's Note:
1. Name two harvest festivals with their regions.
2. Pongal is celebrated in the south and Baisakhi in the north.

Question 11. Mustard, sunflower and groundnuts are all pulses.
Answer:
False. They are oil seed crops. Pulses are legumes such as gram, pea, moong and urad.
In simple words: Mustard, sunflower and groundnut give oil; they are not pulses.

Teacher's Note:
1. Pulses are rich in protein; oil seeds give oil and fats.
2. Groundnut is a legume, but it is grouped as an oil seed here.

Question 12. The soil should be loosened before seeds are sown.
Answer:
True. Ploughing loosens the soil so that roots can penetrate and breathe.
In simple words: Soil must be loosened before sowing.

Teacher's Note:
1. This is the first step, preparation of soil.
2. Ploughing and levelling do the job.

Match the Column

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the implement table in pairs.
2. A combine does harvesting and threshing together.

Very Short Answer Type

Question 14. Name the chemicals used to destroy weeds.
Answer:
Weedicides (herbicides). Common examples are 2,4-D, atrazine, fluchloralin and isoproturon.
In simple words: Chemical weed killers are called weedicides or herbicides.

Teacher's Note:
1. They are sprayed on the weeds.
2. This is the chemical method of weed control.

Question 15. Why is drip irrigation the best method of watering plants?
Answer:
Water falls drop by drop right at the roots, so none is wasted by run-off, evaporation or seepage.
It saves water, can be used to apply fertiliser (fertigation) and suits fruit crops and water-scarce areas.
In simple words: Drip irrigation gives water only where the roots need it, so water is saved.

Teacher's Note:
1. Compare it with flooding a field.
2. It is very useful where water is scarce.

Question 16. Define Agronomy.
Answer:
Agronomy is the branch of agriculture that deals with the production of field crops and the management of the soil. The scientist who works in it is an agronomist.
In simple words: Agronomy is the science of growing field crops and managing soil.

Teacher's Note:
1. Agronomists develop better ways to improve food crops.
2. Horticulture is about fruits and flowers.

Question 17. At what time is irrigation required by all crops?
Answer:
Soon after sowing, because every seed needs moisture to germinate.
After that the gap between irrigations depends on the crop and the soil.
In simple words: All crops need water first at sowing time so the seeds can sprout.

Teacher's Note:
1. Think of why seeds need water before they can sprout.
2. Later watering depends on the crop and soil type.

Question 18. What is animal husbandry?
Answer:
Animal husbandry is the branch of agriculture that deals with feeding, caring for and breeding domestic animals (livestock).
It includes planning their shelter, breeding, health, disease control and economic use.
In simple words: It is the careful rearing of farm animals.

Teacher's Note:
1. Husbanding means using a resource carefully.
2. Cattle, buffalo, goat, sheep and camel are livestock.

Question 19. What is integrated agriculture?
Answer:
Integrated agriculture is a combination of agriculture with other kinds of culture such as pisciculture, aquaculture, apiculture, sericulture, poultry farming, piggery and animal husbandry.
In simple words: Farming combined with fish, bees, silkworms or animals is integrated agriculture.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is another name for integrated farming.
2. It is one of the sustainable agricultural practices.