CBSE Class 7 Science Advanced Biology Respiration in Plants and Animals Very Short Answer Questions Set 01

Very Short Answer Questions

Question 1. Fill in the blank: Organisms derive energy they need from a chemical process called ______.
Answer:
Respiration
In simple words: Living things get energy from respiration.

Teacher's Note:
1. Respiration is a chemical process, not just breathing.
2. It takes place in the cells of every organism.

Question 2. Fill in the blank: Physical process involving intake of O₂ and release of CO₂ is ______.
Answer:
Breathing
In simple words: Breathing is only the movement of air in and out.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is the physical step of respiration.
2. No energy is released in breathing itself.

Question 3. Fill in the blank: Respiration is done to break down ______ to release energy.
Answer:
Glucose
In simple words: Glucose is the fuel that respiration burns for energy.

Teacher's Note:
1. Glucose + oxygen gives carbon dioxide, water and energy.
2. In plants, this glucose is made during photosynthesis.

Question 4. Fill in the blank: Gaseous exchange in plants occurs through ______.
Answer:
Stomata
In simple words: Plants exchange gases through tiny pores called stomata.

Teacher's Note:
1. Stomata are mainly on the leaf surface.
2. One pore is called a stoma.

Question 5. Fill in the blank: Stoma is surrounded by two cells called ______ that help in closing and opening of stoma.
Answer:
Guard cells
In simple words: Guard cells are the two bean-shaped cells that open and close each stoma.

Teacher's Note:
1. They open the pore when they swell with water.
2. They close it when they lose water.

Question 6. Fill in the blank: ______ is a common passage for both digestive and respiratory systems.
Answer:
Pharynx
In simple words: Food and air both pass through the pharynx.

Teacher's Note:
1. It opens into the gullet for food and the glottis for air.
2. This shared passage is why we can choke if food goes the wrong way.

Question 7. Fill in the blank: Respiratory pigment in human being is ______.
Answer:
Haemoglobin
In simple words: Haemoglobin is the red pigment that carries oxygen.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is found in red blood cells and contains iron.
2. It carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues.

Question 8. Fill in the blank: Bronchioles end up in small balloon-like structures called ______.
Answer:
Alveoli
In simple words: Each bronchiole ends in tiny balloon-like sacs, the alveoli.

Teacher's Note:
1. Gas exchange with the blood happens here.
2. They are wrapped by capillaries.

Question 9. Fill in the blank: ______ is also called wind pipe.
Answer:
Trachea
In simple words: The windpipe is another name for the trachea.

Teacher's Note:
1. It divides into the right and left bronchi.
2. It is a tube that carries air to the lungs.

Question 10. Fill in the blank: Lower organisms like yeast respire by ______.
Answer:
Diffusion (simple, normal diffusion).
In simple words: Yeast takes in and gives out gases by diffusion, the movement from more to less concentrated places.

Teacher's Note:
1. Diffusion needs no special organ.
2. Gases move from higher to lower concentration.

Question 11. Fill in the blank: The process of release of carbon dioxide out of the lungs is called ______.
Answer:
Expiration (exhalation).
In simple words: Breathing out is called expiration.

Teacher's Note:
1. Its opposite is inspiration (inhalation).
2. In expiration the ribs go down and the diaphragm moves up.

Question 12. What is the difference between glottis and gullet?
Answer:
Glottis: the opening through which the pharynx opens into the respiratory system (towards the windpipe).
Gullet: the opening through which the pharynx opens into the digestive system (towards the food pipe).
In simple words: The glottis leads air to the windpipe, and the gullet leads food to the stomach side.

Teacher's Note:
1. The pharynx is the common passage and it branches into these two openings.
2. Remember: glottis for air, gullet for food.

Question 13. Which is the respiratory pigment in human beings? State its function.
Answer:
The respiratory pigment is haemoglobin.
It is a red, iron-containing pigment present in the red blood cells. It acts as the main carrier of oxygen, taking it from the lungs to all parts of the body, and also carries carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs.
In simple words: Haemoglobin picks up oxygen in the lungs and delivers it to the body.

Teacher's Note:
1. Haemoglobin gives blood its red colour.
2. Lack of iron can reduce haemoglobin, a condition called anaemia.

Question 14. Identify and label the parts.

Answer:
(A) Pharynx
(B) Bronchioles
(C) Bronchi
(D) Alveoli
(E) Diaphragm
In simple words: The figure shows the human respiratory system from the pharynx down to the diaphragm.

Teacher's Note:
1. Follow the path of air from the throat to the lungs to name the parts in order.
2. The diaphragm is the muscular sheet below the lungs.