CBSE Class 10 Social Science Water Resources MCQs Set 08

Answer: (c) Rajasthan

Explanation:
1. Rana Pratap Sagar Dam, on the Chambal river, is located in Rajasthan.

Teacher's Note:
a) Rana Pratap Sagar Dam is in Rajasthan.
b) It lies on the Chambal river, part of a multi-dam project.

Answer: (b) Meghalaya

Explanation:
1. The bamboo drip irrigation system, used for watering plantation crops, is prevalent in Meghalaya.

Teacher's Note:
a) Bamboo drip irrigation is a traditional Meghalaya practice.
b) It channels water from streams to plantation crops via bamboo pipes.

Answer: (b) Dams have helped provide ample water for agriculture

Explanation:
1. Among these, the accurate and uncontroversial statement is that dams have helped provide ample water for irrigation and agriculture.

Teacher's Note:
a) Dams genuinely help supply water for irrigation and agriculture.
b) The other listed claims overstate dams' benefits or ignore their real costs (sediment flow, displacement).

Answer: (a) Sardar Sarovar Dam

Explanation:
1. The Narmada Bachao Andolan was a movement against the Sardar Sarovar Dam on the Narmada river.

Teacher's Note:
a) Narmada Bachao Andolan opposed the Sardar Sarovar Dam.
b) It raised concerns over large-scale displacement caused by the project.

Answer: (c) Gendathur

Explanation:
1. Gendathur, a remote village in Mysuru (Karnataka), became known for its rainwater richness, achieved through rooftop rainwater harvesting.

Teacher's Note:
a) Gendathur village is known for its rainwater richness.
b) Almost every house there has a rooftop rainwater harvesting structure.

Answer: (a) Rajasthan

Explanation:
1. Tankas are traditional underground tanks for storing rainwater for drinking, found in almost every house in Rajasthan, particularly Bikaner, Phalodi and Barmer.

Teacher's Note:
a) Tankas are a Rajasthan tradition for storing drinking water underground.
b) They were historically central to household water security in the Thar Desert region.

Answer: (d) Yamuna

Explanation:
1. Unlike Satluj-Beas (Bhakra), Mahanadi (Hirakud) and Narmada (Sardar Sarovar), the Yamuna does not have a major multipurpose river project.

Teacher's Note:
a) Yamuna lacks a major multipurpose project, unlike the other three rivers.
b) Satluj-Beas, Mahanadi and Narmada each host well-known multipurpose dams.

Answer: (b) Chandragupta Maurya

Explanation:
1. Dams, lakes and irrigation systems were built extensively during the reign of Chandragupta Maurya.

Teacher's Note:
a) Chandragupta Maurya's reign saw extensive dam/lake/irrigation construction.
b) This reflects ancient India's long tradition of water management.

Answer: (c) Diversion channels

Explanation:
1. Guls (or Kuls) were diversion channels used in the Western Himalayas for irrigation.

Teacher's Note:
a) Guls/Kuls were diversion channels for irrigation.
b) They are a traditional water-management method of the Western Himalayas.

Answer: (a) Uttarakhand

Explanation:
1. The Tehri Dam Andolan is concerned with the Tehri Dam on the Bhagirathi river in Uttarakhand.

Teacher's Note:
a) The Tehri Dam Andolan is based in Uttarakhand.
b) It raised concerns over the dam's environmental and social impact.

Answer: (c) Multi-purpose projects lead to large-scale displacement and loss of livelihood

Explanation:
1. Displacement and loss of livelihood is a drawback of multi-purpose projects, not an argument in their favour, unlike the other three listed benefits.

Teacher's Note:
a) Displacement/loss of livelihood is a cost of multi-purpose projects, not a benefit.
b) The other three options are genuine arguments in favour.

Answer: (d) Oceans

Explanation:
1. Oceans hold saline water, not fresh water, unlike glaciers, groundwater and surface runoff.

Teacher's Note:
a) Oceans are a saline, not fresh, water source.
b) Glaciers, groundwater and surface runoff are all genuine freshwater sources.

Answer: (a) Water availability is less than 1000 cubic metres per person per year

Explanation:
1. The Falkenmark indicator defines water stress as water availability falling below 1000 cubic metres per person per year.

Teacher's Note:
a) Falkenmark's water-stress threshold is below 1000 cubic metres per person per year.
b) This is a standard international benchmark for assessing water scarcity.

Answer: (d) Water harvesting techniques

Explanation:
1. Water harvesting techniques help conserve and manage water, making them a solution rather than a cause of water scarcity.

Teacher's Note:
a) Water harvesting is a solution to scarcity, not a cause.
b) Population growth, water-intensive crops and irrigation expansion all increase water demand and can worsen scarcity.

Answer: (a) Sutlej-Beas

Explanation:
1. The Bhakra Nangal Project is built on the Sutlej (with the Beas river feeding into the system).

Teacher's Note:
a) Bhakra Nangal is built on the Sutlej river.
b) It is one of India's earliest major multipurpose river valley projects.

Answer: (d) Mahanadi

Explanation:
1. The Hirakud Dam is built on the Mahanadi river in Odisha.

Teacher's Note:
a) Hirakud Dam lies on the Mahanadi river.
b) It is one of the world's longest earthen dams.

Answer: (a) Hydel power and irrigation

Explanation:
1. Bhakra Nangal's water is used mainly for generating hydel (hydroelectric) power and for irrigation.

Teacher's Note:
a) Bhakra Nangal serves hydel power and irrigation as its primary purposes.
b) This is typical of multipurpose river projects.

Answer: (a) Guls or Kuls

Explanation:
1. Guls or Kuls are the diversion channels used for irrigation in the Western Himalayas.

Teacher's Note:
a) Guls/Kuls = Western Himalayan diversion channels.
b) Khadins and johads are instead Rajasthan rainwater-harvesting structures.

Answer: (b) Khadins/Johads

Explanation:
1. Khadins and johads are agricultural fields in Rajasthan adapted to store rainfed runoff water.

Teacher's Note:
a) Khadins/johads are rainfed storage structures in agricultural fields.
b) They are a traditional Rajasthan rainwater-harvesting method.

Answer: (a) Tankas

Explanation:
1. Tankas are the underground tanks in Rajasthan used to store rainwater for drinking purposes.

Teacher's Note:
a) Tankas store rainwater underground for drinking in Rajasthan.
b) They were traditionally present in almost every house there.

Answer: (b) The perennial Rajasthan (Indira Gandhi) Canal

Explanation:
1. The perennial Rajasthan (Indira Gandhi) Canal has brought ample water to Western Rajasthan today, reducing reliance on older methods like tankas.

Teacher's Note:
a) The Indira Gandhi (Rajasthan) Canal is the main modern water source for Western Rajasthan.
b) This largely replaced older methods like household tankas for water supply.

Answer: (c) Tamil Nadu

Explanation:
1. Tamil Nadu is the only state to make rooftop rainwater harvesting compulsory for all houses.

Teacher's Note:
a) Tamil Nadu mandates rooftop rainwater harvesting for every house.
b) This measure helps recharge groundwater and ease water scarcity.

Answer: (d) Increased crop yield

Explanation:
1. Increased crop yield is a benefit of irrigation, not an adverse effect, unlike changed cropping patterns, water-intensive cultivation in dry areas, and soil salinisation.

Teacher's Note:
a) Increased crop yield is irrigation's benefit, not its downside.
b) Changed cropping patterns, water-intensive crops in dry zones, and soil salinisation are genuine adverse effects.