CBSE Class 10 Social Science Nationalism in India MCQs Set 10

Answer: (c) 1917

Explanation:
1. The Kheda Satyagraha took place in 1917, supporting peasants in Gujarat demanding relief from revenue collection after crop failure.

Teacher's Note:
a) Kheda (1917) came between Champaran (1916) and the Ahmedabad mill strike (1918) — Gandhi's first three satyagrahas in India.
b) Remember the sequence: Champaran → Ahmedabad → Kheda is the common order asked.

Answer: (b) 1918

Explanation:
1. The Ahmedabad mill workers' Satyagraha took place in 1918, over a dispute regarding workers' wages.

Teacher's Note:
a) This was Gandhi's second satyagraha in India, after Champaran (1916).

Answer: (a) 13 April 1919

Explanation:
1. The Jallianwala Bagh massacre occurred on 13 April 1919, Baisakhi day, in Amritsar.

Teacher's Note:
a) Don't confuse this with 6 April 1930 (the Dandi/Salt March) or 5 March 1931 (the Gandhi-Irwin Pact) — all commonly mixed up in MCQs.

Answer: (a) Detention of political prisoners without trial

Explanation:
1. The Rowlatt Act allowed the government to detain political prisoners for up to two years without trial.

Teacher's Note:
a) This single power is the Act's defining feature — the one fact to remember if nothing else.

Answer: (c) South Africa

Explanation:
1. Gandhi developed and first applied Satyagraha in South Africa, campaigning for the rights of Indians there, before bringing the method to India.

Teacher's Note:
a) He returned to India from South Africa in January 1915.

Answer: (a) They left the plantations and headed home

Explanation:
1. Thousands of plantation workers defied the Inland Emigration Act and left the tea gardens, believing Gandhi Raj was coming and that land would be given to them in their home villages.

Teacher's Note:
a) Many never reached home, stranded by a railway and steamer strike, and were caught and beaten by police.

Answer: (a) Rowlatt Act

Explanation:
1. All three clues describe the Rowlatt Act (1919).

Teacher's Note:
a) The Vernacular Press Act (1878) and Inland Emigration Act (1859) are different laws, from different decades — don't mix them up.

Answer: (a) Bombay

Explanation:
1. The Khilafat Committee was formed in Bombay in March 1919.

Teacher's Note:
a) The Ali Brothers (Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali) led its formation.

Answer: (d) Mahatma Gandhi

Explanation:
1. Gandhi led this march of Indian workers from Newcastle to Transvaal in November 1913, as part of his South African campaigns.

Teacher's Note:
a) This happened years before Gandhi returned to India (1915) — part of his South African, not Indian, Satyagraha career.

Answer: (b) Mahatma Gandhi

Explanation:
1. Mahatma Gandhi developed and popularised Satyagraha as a method of non-violent resistance.

Teacher's Note:
a) Satyagraha loosely means 'truth force' or 'insistence on truth'.

Answer: (a) 1919

Explanation:
1. Gandhi launched the Rowlatt Satyagraha in 1919, the same year the Act was passed.

Teacher's Note:
a) This Satyagraha, and the hartal that followed, set off the chain of events leading to Jallianwala Bagh.

Answer: (a) General Dyer

Explanation:
1. Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer took command under martial law in Amritsar, and was responsible for the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.

Teacher's Note:
a) Lord Irwin and John Simon belong to a later period (Salt March/Simon Commission) — don't confuse the timelines.

Answer: (b) Nagpur Session

Explanation:
1. The Non-Cooperation Movement was formally adopted at the Congress's Nagpur session, in December 1920.

Teacher's Note:
a) Nagpur (Dec 1920) formalised what the Calcutta special session (Sept 1920) had first proposed.

Answer: (a) Chauri Chaura

Explanation:
1. The Chauri Chaura incident of February 1922, in which a mob killed 22 policemen, led Gandhi to call off the movement.

Teacher's Note:
a) Chauri Chaura is in Gorakhpur district, United Provinces — a specific fact often tested.

Answer: (c) Picketing

Explanation:
1. This is the definition of picketing, a common method during the boycott of foreign goods and liquor shops.

Teacher's Note:
a) Boycott = refusing to buy/use; Picketing = physically blocking entry; Hartal = a general strike — three distinct terms often confused.

Answer: (a) Jawaharlal Nehru

Explanation:
1. Jawaharlal Nehru, along with others, founded and led the Oudh Kisan Sabha in 1920, after visiting villages in Awadh.

Teacher's Note:
a) Within a month of its founding, the Sabha had over 300 branches.

Answer: (c) leave their plantation without permission

Explanation:
1. The Act restricted plantation (tea garden) workers in Assam from leaving without the planters' consent.

Teacher's Note:
a) This Act applied specifically to tea plantation workers, not peasants in general.

Answer: (a) Congress members wanted to enter council politics

Explanation:
1. Motilal Nehru and C. R. Das formed the Swaraj Party in 1922 to contest council elections and oppose British policies from within the legislatures.

Teacher's Note:
a) The Swaraj Party was formed after the Non-Cooperation Movement was withdrawn, as a way to stay politically active.

Answer: (c) Lahore

Explanation:
1. The Lahore session of December 1929, under Jawaharlal Nehru's presidency, formally adopted the demand for Purna Swaraj (complete independence).

Teacher's Note:
a) 26 January 1930 was then observed as the first Independence Day, as decided at this session.

Answer: (d) All of the above

Explanation:
1. The Awadh peasant movement, led by Baba Ramchandra, combined all three demands: lower revenue, an end to begar (forced labour), and social boycotts of oppressive talukdars and landlords.

Teacher's Note:
a) Baba Ramchandra had earlier worked as an indentured labourer in Fiji before returning to lead this movement.

Answer: (b) Workers of tea plantations

Explanation:
1. The Act specifically restricted the movement of tea plantation (garden) workers, chiefly in Assam.

Teacher's Note:
a) Keep this distinct from laws affecting peasants (like Awadh's talukdari system) or mill workers (urban NCM).

Answer: (a) Go back Simon!

Explanation:
1. The all-British Simon Commission was met with widespread protests and the slogan ‘Go back Simon!’ across India in 1928.

Teacher's Note:
a) The protest stemmed from the Commission including no Indian members at all.

Answer: (a) To suggest changes in India's constitutional system

Explanation:
1. The Simon Commission was tasked with examining India's constitutional structure and recommending reforms.

Teacher's Note:
a) It eventually led to the Government of India Act, 1935.

Answer: (a) Dr B. R. Ambedkar

Explanation:
1. Dr B. R. Ambedkar organised Dalits through the Depressed Classes Association, to campaign for their political rights.

Teacher's Note:
a) This organisation's demands fed into the discussions that led to the Poona Pact (1932).

Answer: (b) The Gandhi-Irwin Pact

Explanation:
1. Under the Gandhi-Irwin Pact (March 1931), Gandhi agreed to attend the second Round Table Conference in London.

Teacher's Note:
a) In exchange, the government agreed to release political prisoners and the Civil Disobedience Movement was called off.

Answer: (c) Purshottamdas Thakurdas

Explanation:
1. Purshottamdas Thakurdas was among the Indian industrialists who publicly criticised colonial economic control and backed the Civil Disobedience Movement, at least in its early phase.

Teacher's Note:
a) Indian business organisations like FICCI (1927) shared similar views.

Answer: (c) Violation of the salt tax by Gandhi

Explanation:
1. The Civil Disobedience Movement began when Gandhi and his followers broke the salt law at Dandi on 6 April 1930, after the Salt March.

Teacher's Note:
a) The Simon Commission's arrival (1928) was an earlier trigger for protest, but the CDM itself began with the salt law violation.