CBSE Class 10 Social Science Federalism MCQs Set 05

Answer: (d) (I) and (II)

Explanation:
1. Article 371's special provisions for these states are justified mainly by their historically unique circumstances (I) and the need to protect indigenous land rights (II); the other claims about water scarcity or guaranteed preferential employment aren't the actual basis for these provisions.

Teacher's Note:
a) Article 371 is justified by unique history and indigenous land-rights protection.
b) Claims about water scarcity or guaranteed jobs are not the actual basis for these special provisions.

Answer: (a) Madras was the largest province in the country

Explanation:
1. Based on the 1947 map, Madras Province covered the largest area among the provinces shown.

Teacher's Note:
a) Madras was the largest province shown on the 1947 map.
b) Bhutan, Peshawar and Dhaka's locations don't support the other three options.

Answer: (b) Germany has states that share power with the centre

Explanation:
1. Germany is a well-established federal country where constituent states (Länder) share power with the central government.

Teacher's Note:
a) Germany's Länder (states) share power with the federal centre.
b) This is a definite, verifiable fact about Germany's federal structure.

Answer: (b) On the basis of culture and ethnicity

Explanation:
1. These states were carved out based on distinct cultural and ethnic identities, unlike earlier states formed mainly on a linguistic basis.

Teacher's Note:
a) Nagaland, Uttarakhand and Jharkhand were created along cultural/ethnic lines.
b) This differs from the earlier linguistic basis used for most Indian state boundaries.

Answer: (d) They are making laws on a subject from the Concurrent List

Explanation:
1. Forests fall under the Concurrent List, where both Centre and states can legislate, but the Centre's law prevails in case of conflict -- exactly as described here.

Teacher's Note:
a) Forests are a Concurrent List subject, where the Centre's law prevails over conflicting state views.
b) This explains why Parliament's decision became final despite state disagreement.

Answer: (b) Mayor

Explanation:
1. The elected head of a municipal corporation, presiding over its meetings, is called the Mayor.

Teacher's Note:
a) The elected head of a municipal corporation is called the Mayor.
b) District Magistrates, Commissioners and Governors are appointed officials, not elected municipal heads.

Answer: (c) Names of the Scheduled Languages

Explanation:
1. The Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution lists the officially recognised Scheduled Languages.

Teacher's Note:
a) The Eighth Schedule lists India's officially recognised Scheduled Languages.
b) Legislative lists and Panchayat powers are covered in different schedules/parts of the Constitution.

Answer: (b) USA, Switzerland, Australia

Explanation:
1. USA, Switzerland and Australia are classic examples of 'coming together' federations, where independent states voluntarily united, unlike India, Belgium and Spain, which are 'holding together' federations.

Teacher's Note:
a) USA, Switzerland and Australia are 'coming together' federations.
b) India, Belgium and Spain are instead 'holding together' federations.

Answer: (a) Education and Marriage

Explanation:
1. Education and Marriage are State/Concurrent List subjects, unlike the other pairs, which are all Union List subjects.

Teacher's Note:
a) Education and Marriage fall under State/Concurrent List, not Union List.
b) The other three pairs are all genuine Union List subjects.

Answer: (b) Australia – Coming together federation

Explanation:
1. Australia is indeed a genuine example of a 'coming together' federation, making this the correctly matched pair; the others misstate the reservation fraction, Commerce's actual list, or Magadhi's schedule status.

Teacher's Note:
a) Australia genuinely is a 'coming together' federation.
b) The other pairs misstate facts about reservation quotas, legislative lists or scheduled languages.

Answer: (a) Equality of opportunity

Explanation:
1. Allowing candidates to choose their preferred language ensures equality of opportunity in accessing government examinations.

Teacher's Note:
a) Language choice in exams ensures equal opportunity for all candidates.
b) This removes a linguistic barrier that could otherwise disadvantage some candidates.

Answer: (b) The state government retains the power over revenues for the local bodies

Explanation:
1. Local bodies are meant to have their own, devolved sources of revenue for financial autonomy, not have the state government retain full control over their revenues -- making this statement false.

Teacher's Note:
a) Local bodies are meant to have their own devolved revenue sources, not state-retained control.
b) The other three statements correctly describe genuine features of the third tier of democracy.

Answer: (a) (III), (I), (IV) and (II)

Explanation:
1. Gram Panchayat covers a village (III), Panchayat Samiti/Mandal covers a block (I), Zila Parishad covers a district (IV), and the State Government covers the whole state (II) -- increasing in size in that order.

Teacher's Note:
a) Jurisdiction size increases: village → block → district → state.
b) Gram Panchayat is smallest; State Government is largest among these four.

Answer: (b) Federal nation

Explanation:
1. Ethiopia, like Canada, is also governed as a federal nation.

Teacher's Note:
a) Ethiopia is also a federal nation, paralleling Canada.
b) This shows federalism is practised across diverse regions of the world.

Answer: (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

Explanation:
1. The 1992 decentralisation step is directly and correctly explained by the constitutional amendments strengthening local self-government (the third tier).

Teacher's Note:
a) The 1992 constitutional amendments directly strengthened local self-government.
b) Both statements are true, and R correctly explains why 1992 marked this decentralisation milestone.