CBSE Class 10 English The Tale of Custard the Dragon Important Questions Set 01

Extract Based Questions

Extract 1

(a). What is the colour of the kitten Ink?
Answer: The colour of the kitten is black.

(b). How does the poet categorise the pets?
Answer: The pets are categorised either on the basis of qualities or colours.

(c). Comment on the poet’s use of language in these lines in 40 words.
Answer: Ogden Nash has chosen simple, conversational language to tell a story in rhyme to children. The pets have appropriate names either according to their colours or traits. The repetition of ‘the little’, a simile ‘sharp as Mustard’, and anaphora (the repetition of ‘And’) make the lines rhythmic.

(d). Replace the underlined word in the following sentence with another one from the given extract so that the meaning remains unchanged.
An intelligent understanding of the situation helped her plan her strategy.
Answer: sharp

Extract 2

(a). Complete the statement: The dragon was a ferocious animal because ______.
Answer: he threw fire from his mouth and smoke from his nose.

(b). What is the significance of the use of the words ‘realio trulio’ in the poem and how does this word choice contribute to the poem and its mood? Answer in about 40 words.
Answer: The words ‘realio trulio’ have been used as a refrain because they occur many times in the poem. Ogden Nash uses wordplay to change the spelling of ‘really truly’ for rhyming purposes as well as humour, to convince the readers about the improbable situations.

(c). What is the figure of speech in the line, ‘And spikes on top of him and scales underneath’?
(a) Irony
(b) Antithesis
(c) Oxymoron
(d) Metaphor
Answer: (b) Antithesis

(d). In what way does the structure of this poem challenge traditional ideas of what a ballad should be?
Answer: This poem is written in ballad form with an almost consistent rhyme scheme, but its humorous elements actually make it a fable because it carries a moral lesson too.

(e). The above lines tell us about
(a) kitten
(b) mouse
(c) dog
(d) Custard
Answer: (d) Custard

(f). It is a description of the ______.
(a) appearance of the dragon
(b) courage of the dragon
(c) heroism of the dragon
(d) cowardice of the dragon
Answer: (a) appearance of the dragon

(g). The rhyme scheme of the stanza is ______.
(a) aaab
(b) abab
(c) aabb
(d) abbb
Answer: (c) aabb

(h). “Mouth like a fireplace, chimney for a nose”. What does this line suggest?
1. The poet wants to show how funny the dragon looks.
2. The poet wants to show how contrasting the dragon is in his appearance and in nature.
3. The poet wants to show that in spite of being the most powerful in the house, he is mocked and hence it is very ironic.
4. The poet wants to show that dragons are ugly creatures.
(a) (1) and (4)
(b) (2) and (3)
(c) Only (2)
(d) Only (3)
Answer: (b) (2) and (3)

(i). Which among the following means the same as dagger?
(a) Spoon
(b) Hammer
(c) Sword
(d) Knife
Answer: (d) Knife

(j). Why did the timid dragon suddenly become ferocious?
(a) He wanted to prove himself in front of everyone.
(b) He wanted to be like the hero of a story.
(c) He loved Belinda and all the pets, therefore, wanted to protect them.
(d) Due to the fight or flight response in him.
Answer: (c) He loved Belinda and all the pets, therefore, wanted to protect them.

(k). Why does the poet devote one whole stanza to describe the dragon and only one line each to describe Belinda and her pets? Choose an appropriate option.
(a) Because the poem is based on the dragon.
(b) To show that the dragon is the most powerful among all.
(c) To show that the dragon has power but he does not realise it.
(d) Because the dragon is a big creature and it needs a bigger description.
Answer: (c) To show that the dragon has power but he does not realise it.

(l). Why is Custard teased in spite of his ferocious appearance?
(a) Because they are not afraid of Custard.
(b) Because Custard is bold and confident.
(c) Because Custard always cries for a nice and safe cage.
(d) Because they love teasing Custard.
Answer: (c) Because Custard always cries for a nice and safe cage.

Extract 3

(a). Fill in the blank with suitable words on the basis of your understanding of the given lines.
The poet describes all the characters except ______ as ______.
Answer: Custard; brave

(b). What was Custard’s mood and how is it described by the poet?
Answer: Custard, not being as courageous as the others, felt scared and nervous and cried for the safety of a cage.

(c). Which of the following statements is TRUE or FALSE?
(i) The entire lot was as brave as could be.
(ii) The dragon wept all the time.
(iii) Custard wanted to be in a cage.
(iv) Other beings were flamboyant.
Answer: (i) and (ii) are FALSE; (iii) and (iv) are TRUE.

(d). Comment on the poet’s use of language in these lines in 40 words.
Answer: Ogden Nash has used simple descriptive words and similes to describe Belinda as ‘a barrel full of bears’ and her pet dog as ‘a tiger in a rage’. The poet uses hyperbole in describing Ink, the kitten, and Blink, the mouse, chasing lions down the stairs, leaving only Custard the odd one out, who was a coward.

(e). Belinda’s bravery was compared to the bravery of a group of:
(a) lions
(b) tigers
(c) bears
(d) leopards
Answer: (c) bears

(f). Which of these Belinda’s pets could hunt lions?
(a) Ink
(b) Blink
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Neither (a) nor (b)
Answer: (c) Both (a) and (b)

(g). The bravery of the dog was compared to the bravery of:
(a) a lion
(b) an angry bear
(c) an angry tiger
(d) a panther
Answer: (c) an angry tiger

(h). Custard the dragon demanded a safe cage because:
(a) he was afraid of Belinda only.
(b) he was afraid of Belinda’s other pets.
(c) he was afraid of everything.
(d) None of these.
Answer: (c) he was afraid of everything.

(i). The rhyme scheme followed in this stanza is:
(a) aabb
(b) abab
(c) abbb
(d) aaab
Answer: (a) aabb

(j). With whom did the poet compare Belinda’s bravery?
Answer: The poet compared Belinda’s bravery to that of a barrel full of bears.

(k). How is the bravery of Ink and Blink brought out?
Answer: It is brought out by saying that they chased lions down the stairs.

(l). Why is Ink and Blink chasing a lion humorously?
Answer: It is humorous because a kitten and a mouse could never really chase lions; the exaggeration mocks their boastfulness.

(m). Which poetic device has the poet used to show the bravery of Mustard?
Answer: The poet has used a simile: ‘as brave as a tiger in a rage’.

(n). How was Custard different from the other pets?
Answer: Unlike the others, who were called brave, Custard was thought to be a coward and cried for a nice safe cage.

(o). Is everyone really as brave as they claim?
(a) No, they are only boastful.
(b) No, they are jealous of Custard.
(c) Yes, they are braver than Custard.
(d) No, they are actually fools.
Answer: (a) No, they are only boastful.

(p). The figure of speech used in the line—‘Mustard was as brave as a tiger’ is:
(a) Metaphor
(b) Simile
(c) Oxymoron
(d) Alliteration
Answer: (b) Simile

(q). Identify the figures of speech used in the above extract.
(a) Alliteration, Imagery
(b) Simile, Irony
(c) Alliteration, Simile
(d) Oxymoron, Metaphor
Answer: (c) Alliteration, Simile

(r). How does Custard's physical appearance contrasts his nature?
(a) Custard looks ferocious. His nature is innocent and timid.
(b) Custard looks ugly. He pretends to be innocent.
(c) Custard looks violent. He is actually a coward.
(d) Custard looks very ferocious. He is also very courageous.
Answer: (a) Custard looks ferocious. His nature is innocent and timid.

(s). The above extract is a _________.
(a) Hyperbole
(b) Enjambment
(c) Refrain
(d) Satire
Answer: (c) Refrain

Extract 4

(a). Who was tickled by Belinda?
Answer: Custard, the dragon, was tickled by Belinda.

(b). Why did she tickle ‘him’?
Answer: Belinda tickled him because she thought the dragon was naive and a coward, and she wanted to make fun of him.

(c). Who are Ink, Blink and Mustard?
Answer: Ink is a kitten, whereas Blink is a mouse and Mustard is a dog. They are all the pets of Belinda.

(d). Why did they all laugh at ‘him’?
Answer: They all laughed at Custard because he was a coward and he begged for a cage to keep himself safe.

Extract 5

(a). What can you infer from the repetition ‘suddenly, suddenly’ in the above extract?
(a) There was an immediate change in the scene.
(b) It focuses on the hasty attack and the loud noise.
(c) It emphasises that an unexpected noise was heard.
(d) It draws our attention to the loud cry that occurred.
Answer: (c) It emphasises that an unexpected noise was heard.

(b). A cage means captivity. Why is Custard inclined to remain in a cage despite what it symbolises? This is so because he viewed it as a
1. sanctuary   2. guardhouse   3. cubicle   4. refuge   5. booth
(a) 1, 2 and 5
(b) 1 and 4
(c) 3, 4 and 5
(d) 3 and 5
Answer: (b) 1 and 4

(c). Why has the poet used the word ‘weeck’ to signify the giggling of the mouse? The poet
(a) uses it to add suspense in the poem.
(b) has imagined how the mouse would sound in this mood.
(c) has mocked at the mouse for giggling at Custard.
(d) uses it to create a scary effect for readers.
Answer: (b) has imagined how the mouse would sound in this mood.

(e). Which belief about dragons is in contrast to Custard’s behaviour in the extract?
(a) Dragons are brave and feared.
(b) Dragons can grant wishes.
(c) Dragons can become invisible at will.
(d) Dragons are soft-hearted and kind.
Answer: (a) Dragons are brave and feared.

(f). A hyperbole is a literary device where the poet/writer/speaker purposely and obviously exaggerates to an extreme. Choose the option that includes an example of hyperbole, from the extract.
(a) And Mustard growled, and they all looked around
(b) Ink and Mustard rudely asked his age
(c) Belinda giggled till she shook the house
(d) When Custard cried for a nice safe cage
Answer: (c) Belinda giggled till she shook the house

Extract 6

(a). Fill in the blank with suitable words on the basis of your understanding of the given lines.
Belinda paled and cried for help because she was ______ with ______.
Answer: attacked by a pirate; a pistol

(b). What is the significance of the use of the words ‘fled’, ‘trickled down’ and ‘mouseholed’ to describe the reactions of Belinda’s pets and how does this word choice contribute to the overall situation in the poem? Answer in about 40 words.
Answer: On seeing the pirate, Belinda’s pets ‘flee’, ‘trickle down’ or ‘mousehole’ themselves, proving their cowardice. The reader easily deduces it; the poet refrains from comment. This is in contrast to their description at the beginning when they were chasing lions and showing off their rage. It makes the situation ironical.

(c). Belinda’s pets gave unexpected reactions when faced with a crisis. Which of the following is an untrue fact?
(a) Blink went inside its mouse-hole.
(b) Custard refused to come out of his safe cage.
(c) Ink hid itself in the basement.
(d) Mustard fled with a terrified yelp.
Answer: (b) Custard refused to come out of his safe cage.

(d). Pick out the contextual meaning of the phrase ‘trickled down’ in the stanza.
Answer: It means to quietly vanish from the scene.

Extract 7

(a). How do we know that the pirate was a bad shot?
Answer: The pirate fired two shots but he missed both.

(b). What is the significance of the use of the words ‘gaped’ and ‘gulped’ used to describe the pirate’s reactions in the extract and how does this word choice justify the fate of the pirate? Answer in about 40 words.
Answer: All the clanking by an enraged Custard rattled the pirate, who ‘gaped’ at the dragon in shock. To steady his nerves, he ‘gulped’ some grog, took aim but missed twice. This nervousness and clumsiness were enough for Custard to swallow the scared pirate ‘every bit’.

(c). Which of the following situations is ironical?
(a) Custard jumping up to face the pirate.
(b) The other pets absent from the scene of action.
(c) The pirate missing two shots.
(d) The pirate getting swallowed every bit.
Answer: (a) Custard jumping up to face the pirate.

(d). Identify the type of imagery used in the lines of the poem.
Answer: The poet has used visual imagery in ‘The pirate gaped at Belinda’s dragon’ and auditory imagery in ‘And gulped some grog from his pocket flagon’.

Extract 8

(a). Which of the following is NOT a member of Belinda’s pets?
(a) Ink
(b) Blink
(c) Cuddles
(d) Mustard
Answer: (c) Cuddles

(b). The name of Belinda’s pet dragon was
(a) Mustard
(b) Custard
(c) Blink
(d) Komodo
Answer: (b) Custard

(c). Which of Belinda’s pet was accused of being a coward?
(a) The grey mouse
(b) The yellow dog
(c) The black kitten
(d) The dragon
Answer: (d) The dragon

(d). Custard was an unusual pet, being a
(a) Dragon
(b) Mouse
(c) Kitten
(d) Dog
Answer: (a) Dragon

(e). Which of the following is called a dragon?
(a) large dinosaur which lived millions of years ago
(b) a mythical animal which spits fire
(c) a tiger-like animal
(d) an eagle-like bird.
Answer: (b) a mythical animal which spits fire

(f). Where did Belinda live?
Answer: Belinda lived with her four pets in a little white house.

(g). Name her four pets.
Answer: Belinda had a kitten, a mouse, a dog and a dragon as pets.

(h). What were the colors of her pets.
Answer: The kitten was black, the little mouse was grey and the little dog was yellow in color.

(i). What did the poet mean by realio and trulio?
Answer: The poet has coined these words. By, ‘realio’ he means, ‘really’ and by ‘trulio’ he means ‘truly’.

(j). Why did the poet coin the two words?
Answer: He coined the two words in order to enhance the comical effect of the poem.

Extract 9

(a). Which option lists the quotes that support the ideas in the extract?
(1) Fear makes strangers of people who would be friends.
(2) If you’re brave enough to start, you’re strong enough to finish.
(3) Courage doesn’t mean you don’t get afraid. Courage means you don’t let fear stop you.
(4) You get in life what you have the courage to ask for.
(5) Fear has a large shadow, but he himself is strong.
(a) 1 and 5
(b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 1,3 and 5
Answer: (c) 2 and 3

(b). What is the poet’s purpose of using the onomatopoeic words given in the extract?
(a) It is to emphasize on the might and boldness of Custard.
(b) It is to introduce the character Custard to the readers.
(c) It is to impress upon the readers that Custard was ready.
(d) It is to make Custard bold enough to face the situation.
Answer: (a) It is to emphasize on the might and boldness of Custard.

(c). Pick an option that best fits the usage of the word ‘trickled’ as used in the extract.
(a) The water trickled down the tap and filled the trough.
(b) Students trickled into the classroom as the teacher entered.
(c) Tears trickled down her cheeks as she heard the sad news.
(d) His enthusiasm for the task slowly trickled away.
Answer: (b) Students trickled into the classroom as the teacher entered.

(d). Select the option that fits with the reaction of the characters in the context of the extract. Ink: terrified : : Blink : (1) ____________ Pirate: (2) ____________ : : Custard: undaunted
(a) (1) shocked (2) displeased
(b) (1) petrified (2) wondered
(c) (1) upset (2) dazed
(d) (1) petrified (2) shocked
Answer: (d) (1) petrified (2) shocked

(e). ‘He went at the pirate like a robin at a worm. Why has this comparison been used here? Just like the robin catches the worm,
(a) Custard attacked the pirate after careful observation.
(b) Custard attacked the pirate without delay.
(c) Custard attacked the pirate valourously.
(d) Custard attacked the pirate stealthily.
Answer: (b) Custard attacked the pirate without delay.

(f). What did the poet mean when he said “Ink trickled down to the bottom of the household”?
Answer: He meant that Ink was so frightened on seeing the pirate that he ran and hid in the basement of the house.

(g). Why has the poet used the work ‘trickled’?
Answer: The poet has used the word ‘trickled’ because ink is liquid and flows, Ink’s running away has thus been called ‘trickling’.

(h). Why did custard snort and jump like an engine?
Answer: Custard snorted and jumped like an engine because he was angry at the sight of the pirate.

(i). What did custard do to the pirate?
Answer: He gobbled up the pirate like a robin would gobble a worm.

(j). Pick one simile from the given passage.
Answer: Any one of the following:- (a) snorting like an engine, (b) clashed his tail like irons. (c) went at the pirate like a robin at a worm.

(k). Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate word that fits with the reaction of the characters in the context of the extract.
Ink : terrified :: Blink : (i) ______
Pirate : (ii) ______ :: Custard : undaunted
Answer: (i) petrified (ii) shocked

(l). Custard is considered as a heroic figure in the poem. Justify.
Answer: It would be appropriate to say that Custard comes across as a heroic figure in the poem. Earlier, he is portrayed as a cowardly dragon but as the poem moves further, he goes an extreme transformation from a cowardly dragon to a strong and confident one. He shines in the eyes of the readers as they imagine him fighting the pirate.

(m). How does the word "strategically" affect the meaning of the line "little mouse Blink strategically mouseholed"?
(a) Blink hid in the mousehole without thinking.
(b) Blink hid in a clever manner.
(c) Blink was in a hurry to find weapons to fight the pirate.
(d) Blink accidentally stumbled into the mousehole.
Answer: (b) Blink hid in a clever manner.

(n). The phrase "snorting like an engine" and "clashed his tail like irons in a dungeon” conveys a sense of ______
Answer: power and fierce determination

(o). He went at the pirate like a robin at a worm. Why has this comparison been used here?
Answer: A robin pounces swiftly on a worm and overpowers it easily. The comparison shows how quickly and effortlessly Custard attacked and defeated the pirate.

(p). In what way does the language used in this poem challenge traditional ideas of what poetry should be?
Answer: The poet uses playful, made-up words like ‘mouseholed’, ‘realio, trulio’ and ‘winda’, bends spellings for rhyme and tells a funny story. This breaks the traditional idea that poetry must be serious and formal.

Extract 10

(a). Which of the following was the pet dragon of Belinda?
(a) Ink
(b) Blink
(c) Custard
(d) Mustard
Answer: (c) Custard

(b). Which pet of Belinda had the reputation of being a coward?
(a) The mouse
(b) The dragon
(c) The kitten
(d) The dog
Answer: (b) The dragon

(c). Which of Belinda’s pet always sought a safe cage?
(a) Ink
(b) Blink
(c) Mustard
(d) Custard
Answer: (d) Custard

(d). What is the rhyme scheme followed in this poem?
(a) abab
(b) aabb
(c) abcd
(d) adbc
Answer: (b) aabb

(e). Which of the following is NOT TRUE?
(a) It was Custard who dealt with the pirate.
(b) It was Mustard who fought the pirate.
(c) Custard turned out to be a bold fighter.
(d) Custard is a humble and modest dragon.
Answer: (b) It was Mustard who fought the pirate.

(f). Describe Custard the pet dragon.
Answer: Custard had sharp teeth, spikes on his back with dry scales, a big fiery red mouth, a long sharp nose and claw’s as sharp as dagger.

(g). How brave was Belinda?
Answer: Belinda was as brave as a barrel full of bears.

(h). How did the poet describe Mustard’s bravery?
Answer: Mustard was as brave as a tiger in a rage.

(i). Were Ink and Blink brave?
Answer: Yes, Ink and Blink were so brave that they chased lions down the stairs.

(j). Which figure of speech is used in the line ‘Belinda was as brave as a barrel full of bears.”?
Answer: The poet has used alliteration where he has used the ‘b’ sound repeatedly.

(k). What did the dragon look like?
Answer: The dragon had spikes on top and scales underneath. His mouth was like a fireplace and nose was like a chimney. He looked dangerous as his toes looked like daggers.

(l). Why is the dragon’s mouth called a fireplace?
Answer: Dragon’s nose is called a chimney because he can spit fire, therefore Custard’s mouth has been called a fireplace.

Extract 11

(a). Who of the following DID NOT react loudly on seeing the pirate?
(a) Mustard
(b) Ink
(c) Blink
(d) Belinda
Answer: (c) Blink

(b). Who had entered the house?
(a) A robber
(b) A dangerous animal
(c) A pirate
(d) A demon
Answer: (c) A pirate

(c). Who violently attacked the pirate?
(a) Belinda
(b) Mustard
(c) Custard
(d) Blink
Answer: (c) Custard

(d). Who of the following never claimed to be brave?
(a) Mustard
(b) Custard
(c) Blink
(d) Ink
Answer: (b) Custard

(e). A pirate is a
(a) petty thief
(b) dacoit
(c) a sea robber
(d) pick-pocket
Answer: (c) a sea robber

(f). Why has the poet and the word ‘suddenly’ twice?
Answer: The repetition of ‘suddenly’ stresses how unexpected and alarming the nasty sound was.

(g). Why did Mustard the dog growl?
Answer: Mustard growled because he heard a nasty sound and sensed danger.

(h). Who had made the nasty sound?
Answer: The pirate climbing in through the window made the nasty sound.

(i). Why did the poet use the word ‘winda’ instead of window.
Answer: The poet used ‘winda’ to rhyme with ‘Belinda’ and add humour.

(j). What did Custard do with his tails in his anger on seeing the pirate?
Answer: He clashed his tail like irons in a dungeon, with a clatter and a clank.

Extract 12

(a). Fill in the blank with an appropriate answer. Belinda cried for help because ______.
Answer: Belinda was scared of the pirate that broke into her house through the window, so she cried for help.

(b). What does the phrase "strategically mouseholed" tell us about little mouse Blink's actions?
Answer: The description "strategically mouseholed" tells us the little mouse Blink skillfully found a safe and strategic hiding place, like a mousehole, to protect itself from the pirate's presence.

(c). Comment on the imagery used to describe the action in this stanza. Answer in around 40 words.
Answer: The poet has described the action of Custard's attack on the pirate using vivid imagery. He has described the sounds and metallic jangles as Custard rushes out of his cage. His charge at the pirate has been compared to a robin swooping in on a worm. These give us a clear picture of what happened at the scene.

(d). “Belinda paled, and she cried, Help! Help!” The exclamation mark conveys: (Delhi Gov. 2021)
(a) a feeling of anticipation.
(b) a feeling of excitement.
(c) a feeling of sorrow.
(d) some thoughtful moments.
Answer: (a) a feeling of anticipation.

Extract 13

(a). How does the poet use sounds and onomatopoeia, like "Weeck!" to create a lively and engaging reading experience?
Answer: Sounds like ‘Weeck!’ and Belinda’s giggling let readers almost hear the scene. They add fun and make the poem lively and engaging.

(b). Fill in the blank with one word. When the poet says that Custard demanded a nice safe cage, Custard’s ______ personality trait is revealed.
Answer: cowardly

(c). How does the poet use humour in these lines to add to the overall tone and mood of the poem?
Answer: Belinda giggles till the house shakes, Blink says ‘Weeck!’ and the pets rudely ask Custard his age. These exaggerated, comic details give the lines a light-hearted, playful tone.

(d). Which poetic device is used in the following line: "Belinda giggled till she shook the house"?
(a) Alliteration
(b) Simile
(c) Personification
(d) Hyperbole
Answer: (d) Hyperbole

(e). Why did Belinda giggle?
(a) Because Custard tickled her.
(b) Because she was laughing at Custard.
(c) Because she was making fun of her pets.
(d) Because she was playing with her pets.
Answer: (b) Because she was laughing at Custard.

(f). “Belinda giggled till she shook the house”. Which poetic device do you think has been used in this line?
(a) Onomatopoeia
(b) Alliteration
(c) Hyperbole
(d) Irony
Answer: (c) Hyperbole

(g). Ink and Mustard rudely ask whose age?
(a) Blink
(b) Pirate
(c) Custard
(d) Belinda
Answer: (c) Custard

(h). Why is it rude of Blink and Mustard to ask his age? It is rude:
1. because they spoke to him with arrogance.
2. because they were making fun of his appearance and character.
3. because they wanted to hurt him.
4. because they were very disrespectful.
(a) (2) and (4)
(b) (1) and (4)
(c) (2), (3), (4)
(d) Only (2)
Answer: (a) (2) and (4)

(i). Identify a word in the given extract which means the same as the word quake.
(a) Giggled
(b) Cried
(c) Shook
(d) Weeck
Answer: (c) Shook

Extract 14

(a). Who is Belinda?
Answer: Belinda is the little girl who is the owner of the cat, mouse, dog and the dragon.

(b). How did Belinda and the other pets laugh at the dragon?
Answer: They sat in the little red wagon and laughed at the dragon.

(c). Which word in this extract means the same as ‘unkind’?
Answer: Unmerciful

Extract 15

(a). Why did Belinda embrace him?
(a) out of helplessness
(b) out of gratitude
(c) out of fear
(d) out of shock
Answer: (b) out of gratitude

(b). Why were Ink and Blink happy?
(a) joy of their victory
(b) because of the fear of the pirate
(c) because the pirate was killed
(d) they were in a good mood
Answer: (c) because the pirate was killed

(c). Find a word which means the same as ‘move around in circles’.
(a) mourn
(b) gyrate
(c) lick
(d) embrace
Answer: (b) gyrate